HI THO PH BIN THNG TIN N NH BO V CC HP CHT HU C KH PHN HY V HP CHT PCB

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CNG C STOCKHOLM V CC CHT POP

NI DUNG TRAO I
Cng c Stockholm ? POPs ? POPs mi ? Ha cht c hi ? Tm POPs u ? nhim do POPs ? Tch ly sinh hc ? POPs v sc khe ? V Mi trng ? Yu cu, trch nhim v o c ? Kim sot POPs ti Vit Nam POPs v truyn thng ?

Cng c Stockholm v POP (1)

Mc tiu: Bo v sc khe con ngi v mi trng trc cc ha cht tn ti lu di trong mi trng, phn tn trn phm vi a l rng v tch ly trong m ca con ngi v ng vt hoang d

- L mt Cng c php l quc t v qun l ha cht v cht thi nguy hi - C 172 Thnh vin l cc quc gia hoc t chc kinh t - C hiu lc t 17 thng 4 nm 2004 - Vit Nam l thnh vin th 14 ca Cng c Stockholm.

Cng c Stockholm ? (3) Ni dung Cng c Stockholm:

Cc quy nh chung Cc yu cu kim sot:
Cc cht POP sn xut c ch nh: Thuc BVTV, kim sot dch bnh dng POP: DDT, Aldrin, eldrin, chlordane, PCB trong cc sn phm cng nghip: du bin th, cht chng chy, cht bt kn Cc cht POP hnh thnh v pht thi khng ch nh: PCDD, PCDE, HCB, PCB POPs tn lu v cht thi cha POP

Cc quy nh v b sung cc cht POP H tr k thut v ti chnh

POPs l g ?
4 C TNH:
Bn, kh phn hy: t1/2 water > 2 thng, t1/2 t/trm tch > 6 thng; c: C bng chng v c hc i vi sc khe v mi trng Lan truyn rng: bc hi, gi, lng ng (hiu ng chu chu), sinh vt di c, Tch ly sinh hc: BCF or BAF > 5 000 hay log KOW > 5

12 cht POP ban u

Ph lc A (Cc cht phi loi tr)
Thuc tr su: Aldrin, chlordane, dieldrin, endrin, heptachlor, mirex, toxaphene, Cc ha cht cng nghip: hexachlorobenzene, v PCB

Ph lc B (Cc cht cn hn ch s dng)

Thuc tr su: DDT

Ph lc C (Cc cht pht sinh khng ch nh)

Cc cht ph gia: Dioxin v furan, PCB, v hexachlorobenzene

12 Nhm cht c - st th du mt

Bc nhy vt ti COP 4 (2009)

B sung 9 cht POP mi

12 + 9 = 21 POP

Ph lc A (Cc cht phi loi tr) Thuc tr su: Lindane, alpha-HCH, beta-HCH, chlordecone Cc ha cht cng nghip: hexabromobiphenyl, pentachlorobenzene, pentaBDE, octaBDE Ph lc B (Cc cht cn hn ch s dng) Cc ha cht cng nghip: PFOS, Mui ca PFOS, v PFOS-F Ph lc C (Cc cht pht sinh khng ch nh) Cht ph gia: Pentachlorobenzene

hi ng th Cc thay i ny s c hi u lc t ng y 26 th ng 8, 2010

Mi quan tm ton cu:

S lng ln cht thi tn lu v kho lu gi ca alpha-, beta-HCH lindane vn cn tn ti

V d: Hexabromobiphenyl
xut: 2005, bi Cng ng chung Chu u H s nh gi ri ro: UNEP/POPS/POPRC.2/17/Add.3 H s nh gi qun l ri ro:UNEP/POPS/POPRC.3/20/Add.3

THNG TIN CHUNG Vic s dng trc y: Cc cht lm chm qu trnh chy (Flame retardants). c cho vo nha dng trong cc sn phm nh in gia dng, dt may, bt nha, v my tnh xch tay lm chm qu trnh chy. Hin ti: Hin cha c bo co no v hin trng sn xut v s dng. Cc hp cht PCB khc cng c kim sot trongi RoHS Directive ca EU. Thay th: C sn

Nm trong: Ph lc A (Cc cht phi loi tr) Sn xut: Khng c min tr S dng: Khng c min tr

Tm POPs u ?

Tng lng tiu th PCB theo thi gian

(ton/yr) 45,000 Defalut 40,000 35,000 30,000 25,000 20,000 15,000 10,000 5,000 0 1939 1949 1959 1969 1979 1989 1999 Maximum Minimum

~ 1,3 n 2,0 triu tn PCB c sn xut

Mt s v d v lch s s dng ca PFOS v cc cht lin quan

Cc mc ch chp nhn c: Qut nh, Sn phn quang v chng phn x cho cc thit b bn dn, Cht n mn cho cc thit b bn dn hp cht v cc b lc gm, Cc dung dch thy lc hng khng, M kim loi ch trong cc h thng khp kn, Mt s thit b y t (v d nh cc lp ETFE, ETFE khng thu x, trong cc thit b y t chn on ng nghim, b lc mu CCD), Bt cha chy, B cn trng kim sot kin ct l.

Cc min tr c th:
Mng che quang trong cc nn cng nghip thit b bn dn v LCD, M kim loi cng, M kim loi trang tr, Cc b phn in v in t cho mt s my in mu v my photocopy mu, Thuc dit cn trng kim sot kin la v mi xm nhp, Ch bin du bng ha hc, Tm thm, da v may mc, Hng dt v cht liu bc, Giy v bao b, Sn v cc cht ph gia sn, Cao su v nha.

THCH TH C: Cc ha cht cng nghip c s dng trong rt nhiu cc qu trnh v cc b/ngnh c lin quan
Thng ngun Cc nh sn xut ha cht

?
Sn phm cui

H ngun

THCH THC: Chui cung di, bao gm nhiu nh sn xut/s dng (v d t nghin cu ca Nht Bn)
PFOS PFOS
sn sn ch ch ng ng ph ph n nx x ph ph n n quang quang n n mn mn nh giu b mt photo cng x x l l b b m m t t Ch Ch t t phn phn tn tn b b ph ph n n s s a a ch ch a a ch ch t t dnh dnh ch ch t t hn hn m m kim kim lo lo ii sn sn cng cng d d ng ng khc khc Cc n, Ccb b ph ph n,mmun un
..c ng nh ..c ngc cth th nh h ng n cc ngnh hng n cc ngnh cng p cngnghi nghi pkhc khc

x x l l b b m m t t ch ch t tt t y yr r a a cht bn dn B B ng ng m m ch ch chnh chnh

Tm POPs ? Tch ly sinh hc

POPs v sc khe, mi trng ?

1/12 hi him ha i vi mi tr trng sng (Jared(Jared- Collapse): 8 Vn c
Mt rng v s ph ph hy mi tr trng Vn t ai (xi l, xm nh nhp mn v mt ch cht dinh d dng) ng) Cc vn v ch cht l lng n nc Sn bt qu qu mc nh bt c qu qu mc Tc ng ca Sinh vt ngo ngoi lai xm ln Tng dn s qu qu cao S gia tng tc ng ca con ng ngi (c nhn) nhn) ln mi tr trng Bi Bin i kh kh hu (do hat ng ca con ng ngi) Tch t ch cht c trong mi tr trng Thi Thiu nng l lng Lo Loi ng ngi lm dng kh kh nng quang hp

4 vn mi

Cc s c mi trng do POP ?
- Cc s c, nhim c do PCB trn th gii: Nht Bn, M, B, i loan, - Dioxin: c, Nht, Php, Anh, - Thuc BVTV: Vit Nam, ng u, TQ, - Ucraina ?

Chp nhn ? Kim sot ri ro ?

D n PCB WB/GEF ?
C s php l ca d n:
Cng c Stockholm Quyt nh 184 ca Th tng Chnh ph Ch th 29 ca Th tng Chnh ph Lut Bo v mi trng 2005 v cc quy nh: Ngh nh 80, 81, TT12, Q 23, Cc quy nh khc ca php lut v qun l ha cht, bo v sc khe, v sinh lao ng Chng trnh Ngh s 21 ca Vit Nam Chin lc Bo v mi trng quc gia n nm 2010 v nh hng n nm 2020 Lut Ha cht
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D n PCB-WB/GEF
Ngun lc cho d n: 7 triu USD vn ti tr + 10 triu USD i ng Ngun lc con ngi Vit Nam H tr ca chuyn gia quc t thc v trch nhim

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Ni dung ca D n GEF/WB - PCB

Mc tiu: Tng cng nng lc v Xy dng c H thng qun l PCB an ton v mi trng ti khu vc th im ca Vit Nam, gp phn gim thiu nguy c do PCB gy ra i vi sc khe con ngi v mi trng.

Thi gian: 5 nm: 2009-2014 C quan thc hin: B TNMT, B CT, Tp on in lc Vit Nam, cc t chc, c nhn lin quan trn c nc
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Qun l PCB/POP/CTNH ti Vit Nam

Cc lnh vc POP
BVTV POP PCB

Cc lnh vc QL CTNH Php lut Cng ch

Nng lc dch v (cng, t)

U-POP

Dioxin / AO Tng cng nng lc

H tng

- 5 lnh vc v POP ti Vit Nam - 4 lnh vc v qun l CTNH +Coi POP l mt dang cht thi nguy hi c trng 25 +Coi POP l mt dng ha cht c hi hay cht thi dng tim tng

Qun l POP
Mi trng v sc khe
Cng An
gi i o g N ao

KH B

o, t Vn ha-X hi o c, d

Y t v SKC

KS O Dioxin/AO N
QLCT

PN &

NN &P TN T

PCB POP UPOP POPPest AT&MTCN

H AT

POP l CTNT c trng POP l HC c hi POP l CTCN khng ch nh L cht c sinh thi in hnh L lnh vc a ngnh -Thc hin tt qun l POP, s dng ngun lc hiu qu s to iu kin, l cht xc tc phc v bo v mi trng v pht trin bn vng

ghip Cng n
Y t

C
t i

g n r

o i G

M
gm Kinh t/ Thn i

POPs v Truyn thng ?

Truyn thng kim sot, hn ch ri ro ?

XIN CM N !