c

= = =

3.00x108 ms1 4 x107 Hm1 8.85x1012 Fm1

e G g

= = =

1.60x1019 C 6.67x1011 Nm2 kg2 9.81ms2

h u me

= = =

6.63x1034 Js 1.66x1027 kg 9.11x1031 kg

mp R NA

= = =

1.67x1027 kg 8.31JK1 mol1 6.02x1023 mol1

o
0

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MeasurementandUncertainty
Random errors scatter of readings about mean Systematic error ALL above or ALL below the true value. Precision deviation of the reading from the mean value. Accuracy deviation of the reading from the actual true value.
Case 1 Y = 6 A + 3B Y = 6( A) + 3( B )
C a se 2 Y = 6 ( A )( B ) Y A B = + Y A B

www.MrDaveSim.com
Dynamics Newton2nd Law

Measurement andUncertainty NewtonLawofGravitation

Random errors scatterbetween of readingstwo about mean The force of attraction given Systematic error ALL above or ALL below the point masses is directly proportional to the product of their masses and inversely true value. proportional to the ofsquare of from their Precision deviation the reading the distance apart. mean value. GravitationFieldStrength,g Accuracy deviation of the reading from gravitational force perunit mass acting onthe actual true value. mass. C a se 2 Case 1 Gravitation U) ( B ) Y = 6( A Y = 6 A + 3 B Potential Energy, Y A B External ) done to ) move mass Ywork = 6( A + 3( B = from + Y A B infinitytopointconcerned GravitationPotential, Externalworkdoneperunitmasstomove massfrominfinity topointconcerned

Gravitation

Forces StaticEquilibrium TranslationalEquilibrium

Fx = 0, Fy = 0

dp p = Fdt dt p F = Impulse t Changein p p1 momentum F = 2 t AreaunderFt m v 2 m v1 graph F = t ConservationofMomentum Drawdiagrambeforeanafter collision. ApplyPCM F =

SimpleHarmonicMotion accelerationisdirectlyproportionaltoits displacementfromequilibriumandand isalwaysdirectedtowardsequilibrium

2 v = xo x2

vo = xo a = 2 x

1 2 m 2 ( x o x2 ) 2 1 2 TE = m 2 x o 2 1 PE = m 2 x 2 2 KE =

mAu A + mB uB = mAv A + mB vB
Elasticheadoncollision

FG =

RotationalEquilibrium

GMm r2

U =
Fs = kx , E =

= 0

u A u B = vB v A
Elasticheadonbetween2samemasses exchangevelocity Perfectlyinelasticcollision

GMm r
1 2 kx 2 GM

FG =

dU dr

ForcedOscillation system forced to oscillate by an external period force (driver). Driven oscillator will oscillate at the driver frequency Reasonance driver frequency = natural frequency energy and amplitude of oscillating system becomes maximum.

Upthrust weightoffluiddisplaced. Spring

1 Fs = kx , E = kx 2 2

F GM g= = 2 m r

U = m r

d g = dr

v = f

2 = x

WaveMotion
I =

Keplers

3rd

Law

t T

P P = 4 r 2 A rea
2

I = k ( A m p litu d e )

mAu A + mB uB = ( mA + mB ) v
WorkEnergyPower

T 2 R3
CircularMotion
s = r d v =r dt v = r
d = dt 2 = T

Kinematics
No s No v No t No a v = u + at s = ut + at2 v2 = u2 + 2as s = (u+v)t/2

a sin
2

N = n , n = 0,1, 2
destructive

DoubleSlit constructive

WaveInterference
2nodes/2antinodes
L = n , n = 1, 2 2 n , n = 1, 3 , 5 4

StationaryWave

Work Done = F distance moved

P = E t

P = Fv

v = r 2 ac = r

1 = n , n = 1, 2 N 2 a sin
y = D a

1node&1antinode
L =

KE1 + PE1 + External work done = KE 2 + PE 2

DiffractionGrating

d N s in = n , n = 0 , 1 , 2
1/ N

= = =

3.00x108 ms1 4 x107 Hm1 8.85x1012 Fm1

e G g

= = =

1.60x1019 C 6.67x1011 Nm2 kg2 9.81ms2

h u me

= = =

6.63x1034 Js 1.66x1027 kg 9.11x1031 kg

mp R NA

= = =

1.67x1027 kg 8.31JK1 mol1 6.02x1023 mol1

o
0

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ThermalPhysics

www.ThePhysicscafe.com
InternalResistance ElectromagneticInduction(EMI) MagneticFlux QuantumPhysics PhotoelectricEffect
E = hf = h c

pV = nRT
pV = NkT

IdealGases

1 p = c2 3

3 KE = kT 2

ElectricalPower en erg y P = tim e P = VI

P = I R
2

= B A cos
LenzsLaw Direction of the induced current in a loop is such that its magnetic effect will always oppose the magnetic flux change that causes it FaradaysLaw Magnitude of the induced EMF will be proportional to the rate of change of magnetic flux linkage with the coil. coil d E in d u c e d = dt d (B A c o s ) E in d u c e d = N dt

K E m ax = h f
eVs = hf

f , E , K E o ,V s
dNe dN p In te n s it y , , d t , C u rr e n t d t

BasicsofThermodynamics
X XL T = TL + (TH TL ) XH XL
0

P =

V R

DirectCurrent

LineSpectra
Emission Brightlinesondarkbackground Absorption p Darklinesonbright g background g

C +273.15 > K

Xrayproduction
eV = h
h p

Q N = mcT
Pt

Q N = mL
Pt

v
R V1 = 1 E R1 + R2
R3 I2 = I1 R2 + R3

FirstLawofThermodynamics

DeBrogliewavelength
=

u = q + w
ElectricField ElectricForceandElectricFieldStrength
Qq FE = ( ) 4 0 r 2 W= 1 Qq 4 0 r 1 F 1 Q E= =( ) q 4 0 r 2

E in d u c e d = B L v
AlternatingCurrent
I = I 0 sin t V = V0 sin t

UncertaintyPrinciple

( p x )( x )

PotentialEnergyandElectricPotential
1 Q V = 4 0 r

Electromagnetism(EM) MagneticFluxDensityduetoCurrent I NI NI B = o B = o B = o 2 r L 2r MagneticForceonConductor

= = 5 .2 7 6 1 0 -3 5 2

E =

RootMeanSquareRMS
RMS value of an AC (Irms ) is defined as the value of the steady direct current which would dissipate heat at the same rate in a given resistance as the alternating current.
2 Pac = IRMS R= 2 VRMS = IRMSVRMS R

1 p2 2 m
8 2 m (U E ) h2

QuantumTunneling
T = e x p ( 2 k d ), k =

ParallelPlate UniformField
FE = dW dr

E =

dV dr

F B = N B IL s in
MagneticForceonchargedparticles

Energy released = (m x my ) c 2
Energy released = (BE )Y (BE ) X

NuclearPhysics

V =

W Q

CurrentofElectricity OhmsLaw dQ l I = R = dt A

FB = B q v s in
Directionofmagneticforce lefthand

IRMS =

Io 2

RadioactiveDecay
dN A= dt A = N

MagneticForcebetweenParallelCurrent
LikeCurrentAttract,Unlike CurrentRepel

Transformer

N s V s Ip = = N p V p Is

N No

1 t1/ 2 = 2

N = No e t
=
ln 2 t1/ 2