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    Rajarshi Kumar
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    This document defines melanoma and discusses its epidemiology, etiology, risk factors, and precursor lesions. Melanoma arises from melanocytes located in the skin and other organs. Incidence is increasing among white men ages 45-55, with men more likely to develop tumors on the trunk and head/neck, and women more likely to develop tumors on the lower extremities. Sun exposure, particularly to UV rays, is a major risk factor. High risk factors include genetic conditions like xeroderma pigmentosum and having many large moles or family history of melanoma. Precursor lesions include congenital nevi, dysplastic nevi, and Spitz nevi. Familial melanoma tends to have an earlier age

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    SURGERY

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    This document defines melanoma and discusses its epidemiology, etiology, risk factors, and precursor lesions. Melanoma arises from melanocytes located in the skin and other organs. Incidence is increasing among white men ages 45-55, with men more likely to develop tumors on the trunk and head/neck, and women more likely to develop tumors on the lower extremities. Sun exposure, particularly to UV rays, is a major risk factor. High risk factors include genetic conditions like xeroderma pigmentosum and having many large moles or family history of melanoma. Precursor lesions include congenital nevi, dysplastic nevi, and Spitz nevi. Familial melanoma tends to have an earlier age

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    5 views13 pages

    Melanoma 2

    Uploaded by

    Rajarshi Kumar
    This document defines melanoma and discusses its epidemiology, etiology, risk factors, and precursor lesions. Melanoma arises from melanocytes located in the skin and other organs. Incidence is increasing among white men ages 45-55, with men more likely to develop tumors on the trunk and head/neck, and women more likely to develop tumors on the lower extremities. Sun exposure, particularly to UV rays, is a major risk factor. High risk factors include genetic conditions like xeroderma pigmentosum and having many large moles or family history of melanoma. Precursor lesions include congenital nevi, dysplastic nevi, and Spitz nevi. Familial melanoma tends to have an earlier age

    Copyright:

    Attribution Non-Commercial (BY-NC)
    Download as PPT, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
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    Download as ppt, pdf, or txt
    of 13

    Partha Chakraborty PGT

    DEFINITION
    Melanocytes of skin & other organs : CNS, eye,

    G I tract, G B

    Melanocytes : neural crest origin that migrate

    during fetal development to above sites, mainly the skin along the basement membrane at the dermoepidermal junction

    EPIDEMIOLOGY
    Incidence is increasing Whites 45-55 yrs Men > women Men : trunk, head & neck

    Women : lower extremities Prognosis better in women

    ETIOLOGY
    Sunlight : UV rays Both UV A &UV B

    UV B

    : sunburn, increased melanin UVA : deeper penetration dermal connective tissue damage

    RISK FACTORS
    High risk (>50-fold increase in risk)

    Xeroderma Pigmentosum Persistently changing mole Clinically atypical moles in patient with two family members with melanoma Adulthood (vs. childhood) >50 nevi 2 mm in diameter

    Intermediate risk (10-fold increase in risk) Family history of melanoma Sporadic clinically atypical moles Congenital nevi White ethnicity (vs. black or East Asian ethnicity) Personal history of prior melanoma

    Low risk (2- to 4- fold increase in risk)

    Immunosuppression Sun sensitivity or excess exposure to sun

    PRECURSOR LESIONS
    Congenital Nevi Dysplastic Nevi

    Spitz Nevi
    Familial Melanoma

    CONGENITAL NEVI
    Small :- low risk observation unless local

    changes appear Giant:- increased risk complete excision recommended by some authors

    DYSPLASTIC NEVI
    Large pigmented flat skin lesion with indistinct

    margin and variable color Occur sporadically or familial pattern Lack of consensus regarding the management Mostly physician examination 3 to 6 monthly interval with monthly self examination

    SPITZ NEVI
    Consists of juvenile melanoma, spindle cell

    melanoma, epitheloid cell melanoma Rapidly growing, pink or brown benign skin lesions Mostly in children & adolescents Complete local excision :- TOC

    FAMILIAL MELANOMA
    Age of onset :- earlier Incidence of DNs :- higher Incidence of primary melanoma :- more

    common Linked to chromosomes 1p & 9p

    THANK YOU

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