fo"k;&lwph

'kh"kZd

ys[kd

i`"B la[;k

vFk
ekfld if=dk twu&2013
o"kZ&1 vad&izos'kkad y[ku

&johUnz iz H kkr

3&3

&veysUnq mik/;k;

3&6

&lkR{kkRdkj

7&11

la?k dh ikydh <ks jgs uhrhk

lg;ksx jkf'k &

;g vad 20@& Hkkjr esa Mkd [kpZ ehfM;k ges'kk gh lkEiznkf;d jgk gS
vyx ls rFkk okf"kZd :0 240@&Hkkjr esa

dk'kdh; lg O;oLFkkidh; dk;kZy;

ifjdYiuk le;] ,u&1@107] lsDVj [krjs esa gS sl dh vkT+kknh] dfg, vky bt osy
,u&1] laxe gksVy ds ihNs] vyhxat] &uoy fd'kksj dq ekj
y[ku fiu&226022 m00
;w cuh igyh Hkkstiqjh fQYe&^xaxk eS;k rksgsa fi;jh p<+bcks
eks-91$9415272608] 0522&2730672
website
e-mail

: www.parikalpna.com
: parikalpana.samay @gmail.com

lykgdkj

jf'e izHkk
eksgEen tehy 'kkL=h

dk;Zdkjh laiknd

ekyk pkScs

izcU/k&lEiknd

j.k/khj flag ^lqeu*

mi&lEiknd

iq"isUnz dqekj flag

vkoj.k lTtk

vCnqy eqbZn
fof/kd lykgdkj

eqgEen 'kq,sc
,MoksdVs

ifjdYiuk le;

&jk.kk vo/kwr dqekj

18&21

&uoy fd'kksj dq ekj

22&22

&MkW- iz hr vjksM +k

23&23

frHkk cuke 'kksgjr

jktuSfrd fod`fr;ksa ls yM+us dh t:jr % vuhrk nsoh
&lkS jHk dq ekj

24&24

Hkkjrh; flusek ds lkS lky % ,d fogaxokyksdu

lgk;d lEiknd

MkW- izhr vjksM+k

15&16

iSlk [kRe] rekkk [kRe

lEiknd

eukst dqekj ik.Ms;

&jfojkt iVsy
;g dSlk U;k; ds lkFk fodkl\

iz/kku lEiknd

johUnz izHkkr

12&13

viuk [kqnk ,d vkSjr

&ekyk pkScs

25&29

&iq Lrd leh{kk

30&32

mkj izns'k esa xqV[kk iku elkyk ij izfrca/k ds ek;us

&Mh-ds- 'kqDyk
U;w ehfM;k vkSj fganh dk oSf'od ifjn`';
pkScs th dh pkSiky
fnYyh C;w j ks &
eqds'k pUnzk] eksckby % 09718564356
fcgkj C;w j ks dk;kZ y ;&
lkSjHk dqekj] gjhvkse vikVZesaV]
xzkm.M yksj] ch- Cykd] ,Dthfo'ku jksM]
iVuk&800001
eksckby % 09386075289

33&33
34&34

&johUnz iz H kkr

35&36

ifjdYiuk le; esa Nis gq, fdlh Hkh Hkkx dk

izdk'ku fcuk vuqefr ds ugha fd;k tk ldrk gSA
ys[kdksa ds fopkjksa ls if=dk ds lEiknd e.My
dk lger gksuk vko';d ugha gSA fdlh Hkh fookn
dh n'kk esa U;k; {ks= y[ku U;k;ky; gksxkA lHkh
in voSrfud gSAa

izcU/k lEiknd&j.k/khj flag ^lqeu* eks-09450195427 e-mail : loksangharsha@gmail.com

twu&2013

(3)

vFk--ledkyhurk dh ekx vkSj cktkj dh pqukSrh

**ifjdYiuk le;** dk oskkad vkids lkeus gSA fcYdqy
lk/kkj.k] fdUrq egRoiw.kZA egRoiw.kZ bl f"V ls fd tc gekjk ledkyhu
lekt ekufld fofr;ksa ds vfr laons ukRed nkSj ls xqtj jgk gks] n; dks
for dj nsus okyh ?kVukvksa dh la[;k c<+rh tk jgh gks] cktkj dh pqukSrh
ls ledkyhurk dk Loj ean iM+rk tk jgk gks] fgUnh dh if=dk, vaMeku dh
fdlh vkfne tutkfr dh rjg ,d&,d dj foyqIr gksrh tk jgh gks rks ,slh
ifjfLFkfr esa fgUnh dh ubZ if=dk dk vkxeu de egRoiw.kZ ugha gS A
cskd if=dk fudkyuk ,d tksf[ke Hkjk dk;Z gSA dne&dne
ij dfBukb;k lqjlk dh rjg eqg ck, [kM+h jgrh gSAa lk/ku vkSj lwpuk dh
U;wurk vyx] fdUrq dgk x;k gS tgk pkg gS ogha jkgA lk/ku dk lhfer gksuk
mruk egRoiw.kZ ugha gS] ftruk miyC/k lk/ku dk lkFkZd bLrseky djukA
gekjh iwjh dksfkk gksxh fd gj vad vius fiNys vad ls csgrj gks] gekjk vad
vkidks Hkkjrh; lekt dh gj fowirkvksa ls :c: djk,] gj leL;kvksa ds
fujkdj.k dh fnkk esa vkids lkFk [kM+h jgsA gj vad dks i<+rs gq, vkidks
yxkrkj ;g eglwl gks fd ;g if=dk ledkyhu lekt dk vkbZuk gSA
gekjk <+ fookl gS] fd bl if=dk dk gj vad vius 'kCnksa
dh iq"ikatfy ls tgk vkidk lEeksgu djus esa leFkZ gksxk ogha tu dY;k.k
dh Hkkouk, lesVs vius egRoiw.kZ vkys[kksa vFkok Qhpj ls vkids gj nq%[k nnZ
esa lgHkkxh cusxkA if=dk dh gj xfrfof/k vkids ru&eu] eu&eu] gkV&gkV]
ckV&ckV] ?kkV&?kkV] uko&uko] ygj&ygj----vkl&vkl] lkal&lkal] [ksr&[ksr]
[kfygku&[kfygku ls ysdj nsk&nsk dh gj lhekvksa dks Hkh dafir djus
dh {kerk j[ksxhA blh vkl&fookl ds lkFk **ifjdYiuk le;** dk
oskkad vkids gkFkksa esa------!

ifjdYiuk le;

twu&2013

(4)

doj LVksjh

&veysU nq mik/;k;

la?k dh ikydh <ks jgs uhrhk

turk ny ;wukbVsM ds nks fnu pys jk"Vh; ifj"kn dk ,eokbZ lehdj.k fcgkj esa etcwr gS vkSj vxj eksnh dks Hkktik
ds vf/kosku ds ckn jk"Vh; turkfU=d xBca/ku esa ijh rkSj ij us vkxs fd;k rks fcgkj esa tn ;w+] Hkktik dk lwiM+k lkQ gks
erHksn xgjkrs fn[k jgs gSAa tn ;w }kjk ikfjr jktuSfrd Lrko tk,xk D;ksafd ,slh fLFkfr esa tks eqfLye ernkrk vHkh uhrhk ds
dh Hkk"kk vkSj fcgkj ds eq[;ea=h uhrhk dqekj ds lEcks/ku ds ckn ikys esa [kM+k gS og dwndj ykyw ds ikys esa igqp tk,xk vkSj
Hkkjrh; turk ikVhZ vkSj tn ;w esa rukruh fn[k jgh gSA gkykfd Hkktik dk fnYyh fot; dk liuk fcgkj ls gh pwj&pwj gks
jktx la;kstd vkSj tn ;w v/;{k 'kjn ;kno us dgk gS fd tk,xkA blfy, Hkktik vkSj tn ;w] nksuksa dh ;g fnyh reUuk
mudk Hkktik ds lkFk xBca/ku gS vkSj mudh ikVhZ xBca/ku rksMu+ s gS fd 2014 thr Hkh fy;k tk, vkSj ykyw dks jksd Hkh fn;k tk,A
dh igy ugha djsxhA ysfdu nksuksa nyksa ds fcgkj ds usrk ,d nwljs blds fy, gh eksnh dks vkxs djds rdjkj dh tk jgh gSA vc
a s vkSj
ds f[kykQ c;kuksa dh /kkj rst dj jgs gSaA crk;k tkrk gS fd vxj tn ;w+ Hkktik feydj Hkh yM+rs gSa rks ykyw gkoh jgsx
rukruh bruh c<+h fd iVuk esa turk njckj ds ckn uhrhk us vxj Hkktik vkSj tn ;w vyx vyx yM+rs gSa rks ,d rjQ rks
a ]s
viuh fu;fer sl czhfQax ugha dh vkSj i=dkjksa ls vukSipkfjd uhrhk ls tks eqfLye oksV dVdj tkus okyk gS og mls jksd ysx
ckrphr esa dgk fd iVuk ,;jiksVZ ij mrjrs gh dkyh fcYyh us nwljh rjQ tks lo.kZ ernkrk uhrhk ls ukjkt gks jgk gS mls Hkh
jkLrk dkV fn;k] lh,e gkml vkus ij rst vk/kh vk xbZ] ftlls fodYi ds :i esa Hkktik fey tk,xhA ,sls esa fcgkj esa tn ;w
lkS lky iqjkuk cjxn m[kM+ x;k vkSj ,d nhokj VwV xbZ] vc Hkktik dk uqdlku de gksxk vkSj feydj yM+us ij lwiM+k lkQ
vki yksxksa us ?ksj fy;k] blfy, ehfM;k ls ckr ugha d:xkA gks tk,xkA blfy, lkjk [ksy k;ksftr gS] ysfdu ehfM;k dks dqN
njvly nksuksa nyksa ds chp fn[kkbZ nsus okyh rukruh ,d u dqN pkfg, blfy, Hkktik vkSj tn ;w esa rdjkj fn[kkbZ tk
k;ksftr [ksy gSA tn ;w vkSj Hkktik ds chp tks lEca/k gSa mls jgh gSA
vly ckr rks ;g gS fd uhrhk dqekj cgqr e>s gq,
nksuksa gh ny 2014 ds ckn Hkh tkjh j[kuk pkgrs gSa ysfdu chp
esa 2014 gh nksuksa ds chp ,d gkiksg dh fLFkfr Hkh iSnk dj jgk f[kykM+h dh rjg jk"Vh; Lo;a lsod la?k vkj0,l0,l0 ds
gSA Hkktik dks yxrk gS fd 2014 esa ujsU eksnh ds djiksjsVh ,ts.Ms dks vkxs c<+k jgs gSaA uhrhk dqekj ftl ckr ij lcls
fgUnqRo ij lokj gksdj vklkuh ls fnYyh igqpk tk ldrk gSA T;knk dV?kjs esa [kM+s fd, tk jgs gSa og tn ;w dh jk"Vh;
ysfdu og ;g Hkh tkurh gS fd eksnh dks vkxs djus ls mls tgk ifj"kn esa ikfjr jktuSfrd Lrko gSA Lrko esa dgk x;k Fkk fd
ykHk gksxk ogha fcgkj esa tcnZLr ?kkVk gks tk,xkA vHkh rks tn ;w /kkuea=h in dk mEehnokj ,slk gksuk pkfg, ftldh /keZfujis{k
vkSj Hkktik xBca/ku ds lkeus ykyw lkn ;kno dk jk"Vh; turk Nfo nsk esa langs ls ijs gks] tks lekoskh fodkl dk i{k/kj gks vkSj
ny jktn detksj gS D;ksafd cM+h la[;k esa eqfLye er tn ;w fiNM+s oxZ ,oa {ks=ksa rFkk lHkh dks lkFk ysdj pyus dk fgek;rh
dks feyrk gS ysfdu eksnh dks vkxs djus ds ckn jktn esa tku gksA lkFk gh mldh lk[k vVy fcgkjh oktis;h dh rjg gks vU;Fkk
iM+ tk,xh vkSj ykyw lkn ;kno viuk dqrkZ >kM+ iksaNdj blds udkjkRed ifj.kke gksaxsA
bl Lrko ds fufgrkFkZ cgqr xgjs gSAa ;g Lrko 'kjkjr
etcwr gks tk,xsA njvly vkt Hkh fcgkj ds eqfLye ernkrk esa
ykyw dk st [kRe ugha gqvk gS cl ykyw dqN prqj lqtku T;knk dh csgrjhu felky gSA t;dkk ukjk;.k dh lEiw.kZ kfUr ds
cu x, Fks blfy, fiNys pquko esa ekr [kk x, FksA vkt Hkh ykyw osLVst ls fudys fcgkj ds eq[;ea=h uhrhk dqekj fiNys 17 lkyksa
ifjdYiuk le;
twu&2013
(5)

ls Hkkjrh; turk ikVhZ ds lkFk xycfg;k dj jgs gSa vkSj Qkjfclxat

esa xksyh pyokus ds ckn Hkh u dsoy og lcls cM+s /keZfujis{k cus
gq, gSa cfYd yky ".k vMok.kh ls ysdj vVy fcgkjh oktis;h
rd dks /keZfujis{k gksus dk ek.ki= tkjh dj jgs gSa vkSj ujsU
eksnh dk ek.ki= mUgksaus flQZ blfy, jksd fy;k gS fd mUgksaus
vHkh Vksih ugha iguh gSA ojuk ek.ki= rks eksnh dk Hkh rS;kj gS
b/kj eksnh us Vksih iguh m/kj uhrhk us ek.ki= tkjh fd;kA
vktknh ds ckn ls gh jktuhfrKksa vkSj [kkl rkSj ij lektokfn;ksa
us /keZfujis{krk dk tedj e[kkSy mM+k;k gSA M- jkeeuksgj
yksfg;k ls ysdj t;dkk ukjk;.k rd vkSj ttZ QukaZMht ls
ysdj 'kjn] uhrhk rd QkflLV] lkEnkf;d rkdrksa dks [kkn
ikuh eqgS;k djkrs jgs gSa vkSj vc tgk uhrhk vkMok.kh vkSj vVy
dks /keZfujis{k vkSj mnkj gksus dk ek.ki= ckV jgs gSa rks nwljs
lektoknh eqyk;e flag ;kno dg jgs gSa fd vkMok.kh th >wB
ugha cksyrsA njvly lkjh nqfu;k esa gh lektokfn;ksa dk jksy
cgqr [kjkc jgk gS vkSj os QkflLV rkdrksa ds lkFk geskk xycfg;k
djrs jgs gSaA
uhrhk dqekj ds usr`Ro esa turk ny ;wukbVsM us tks
u;k nko ekjk gS] lgh vFkksaZ esa dgk tk, rks mlus la?k ds ,ts.Ms
dks gh cgqr lyhds ls vkxs c<+k;k gSA mlus vkthou la?k ds
fu"Bkoku jgs Lo;alsod jgs mu vVy fcgkjh oktis;h dks
/keZfujis{k vkSj mnkj gksus dk ek.ki= tkjh dj fn;k gS ftu
oktis;h us lkj ds nkd esa dgk Fkk fd vxj fgUnqLrku esa
eqlyeku u gksrs rks ge mUgsa iSnk djrsA ;kuh ?k`.kk QSykus ds
fy, ,d dkYifud 'k=q dk fuekZ.k djrsA
tn ;w us ml la?k vkSj Hkktik dks dHkh lkEnkf;d
ugha dgk ftlus ckcjh efLtn dks 'kghn fd;kA ;kuh tn ;w dh
utj esa Hkktik /keZfujis{k ny gS cl eksnh ls ,d xyrh gks xbZ
fd og 2002 ds naxs jksd ugha ik,! tjk bldk lgh vFkZ
fudkfy,A eryc lkQ gS fd uhrhk th dg jgs gSa fd xqtjkr
naxksa ds fy, Hkktik vkSj eksnh drbZ ftEesnkj ugha gSa vkSj u ;g
naxs jkT; k;ksftr Fks cl eksnh naxs jksdus esa <ax ls ,Dku ugha
ys ldsA
vc ;fn bl oO; dk iksLVekVZe fd;k tk, rks D;k
;g fu"d"kZ fudkyk tk, fd xqtjkr naxksa ds fy, uhrhk dqekj
gh ftEesnkj gSa eksnh ugha\ ,slk vFkZ Hkktik vkSj tn ;w nksuksa ds
rdksaZ ds vk/kkj ij fudkyk Hkh tk ldrk gSA tn ;w dk dguk
gS fd eksnh naxs jksd ugha ik, tcfd Hkktik o eksnh igys ls dgrs
jgs gSa fd naxs xks/kjk dk.M dh frf;k FksA vc rF; ;g gS fd
xks/kjk Vsu gknls ds o uhrhk dqekj jsy ea=h Fks vkSj jsy
ea=ky; ds ikl ;g tkudkjh Fkh fd v;ks/;k ls tks xq.Ms
dkjlsod p<+s gSa og jkLrs Hkj ywVikV djrs gq, vkSj efgykvksa ds
lkFk NsM+[kkuh djrs gq, tk jgs gSaA mlds ckn Hkh uhrhk th us
lkcjerh ,Dlsl ds ;kf=;ksa dh lqj{kk dk bartke ugha fd;kA
tn;w usrkvksa us ;g dg dj fd eksnh us naxs jksdus ds fy, eqLrSnh
ls dke ugha fd;k] 2002 esa eksnh ds usr`Ro esa gq, eqlyekuksa ds
jkT;&k;ksftr ujlagkj vkSj mls fNikus ds fy, fd, x, vusd
"kM~;=
a ksa ls eksnh dks cjh dj fn;k gSA tcfd Hkktik yxkrkj dgrh
jgh gS fd ;g naxs xks/kjk dk.M dh frf;k FksA rks D;k ;g le>k
tk, fd xqtjkr naxksa ds fy, uhrhk nks"kh Fks\ vkSj ,slk le>us

ifjdYiuk le;

esa dksbZ cqjkbZ Hkh ugha gS D;ksafd uhrhk th us jsyea=h jgrs gq,
bruh cM+h ?kVuk dh dksbZ lgh tkp Hkh ugha djokbZ vkSj uhrhk
th ml le; xks/kjk x, Hkh ugha] ;fn mUgsa ;kn gks rks t:j crk,
fd os dc x,\ rks D;k xks/kjk ?kVuk vkSj xqtjkr ds naxs
uhrhk&eksnh dh tqxycUnh dk urhtk Fks\
xkSj djus okyh ckr ;g gS fd uhrhk th us bl ?kVuk
ds ckn jsy ea=h ds in ls R;kxi= ugha fn;k vkSj tc lkjk nsk
fpYyk jgk Fkk fd eksnh dh ljdkj dks c[kkZLr djks rc uhrhk
vkSj 'kjn u dsoy eksnh dk cpko dj jgs Fks cfYd ttZ rks cgqr
gh csgwnk c;ku efgykvksa dks ysdj ns jgs FksA deky gS 2002 esa
uhrhk th ds fy, eksnh lsD;qyj Fks vkt lkEnkf;d gks x, vkSj
tks vkMok.kh rc lkEnkf;d Fks vkt lsD;qyj gks x,A ;g ogh
uhrhk ,.M e.Myh gS ftlus Hkktik ds usr`Ro okyh ljdkj esa
'kkfey gksrs o dgk Fkk fd vxj Hkktik dj vkMok.kh dks
/kkuea=h cuk,xh rks os xBca/ku ljdkj esa 'kkfey ugha gksx
a As vkt
os dg jgs gSa fd mUgsa eksnh dh txg yky".k vkkMok.kh dks
/kkueU=h in dk mEehnokj cuk, tkus ij vkifk ugha gksxhA vc
le>us okys le> ldrs gSa fd uhrhk cgqr pkykdh ds lkFk la?k
ds ,ts.Ms dks gh vkxs c<+k jgs gSa D;ksafd vkMok.kh th dks vius
jjaftr bfrgkl vkSj ekuork fojks/kh dqR;ksa ij vkt Hkh dksbZ
vQlksl ugha gS cfYd mUgsa viuh bu fgald vkSj jk"Vfojks/kh
gjdrksa ds fy, xoZ gh gS vkSj uhrhk th dks u rks vkMok.kh th
ls vkt ijskkuh gS vkSj u 2009 esa FkhA
oSls u rks ;g Hkh fd;k tk ldrk gS fd uhrhk th
Hkktik ls ih,e in dk mEehnokj ?kksf"kr djus dh ekx D;ksa dj
jgs gSa\ D;k lafo/kku esa dksbZ ,slh O;oLFkk gS ftlesa ih,e in dk
pquko gksrk gksA ;g 'kq) :i ls xSj laoS/kkfud ekx gS vkSj rkTtqc
dh ckr ;g gS fd la?k dchyk gh lafo/kku dks nQu dj nsus dk

twu&2013

(6)

t;?kks"k djrk jgk gSA rks D;k uhrhk la?k ds ,ts.Ms dks gh
lektoknh ?kksM+s ij lokj djkdj vkxs c<+k jgs gSaA
vxj uhrhk okLro esa bZekunkjh ds lkFk eksnh dk fojks/k
dj jgs gSa rc rks loky vkSj Hkh dfBu gSA eku yhft, Hkktik us
vkMok.kh th dks viuk mEehnokj ?kksf"kr dj fn;k vkSj ,slh fLFkfr
cuh fd pquko ckn fcuk uhrhk ds Hkktik ljdkj cuk ys tk,
vkSj rc HkktikbZ eksnh dks ih,e cuk nsa rks ukrhk D;k djsaxs\ ;k
eku yhft, Hkktik vkMok.kh th dks viuk mEehnokj ?kksf"kr dj
ns rks Hkktik /keZfujis{k gks tk,xh\ vkMok.kh th ds flj ls jke
tkudhjFk ;k=k ds nkSjku iwjs nsk esa naxs djkus vkSj tulagkj
djkus o ckcjh efLtn 'kghn djkus ds nkx /kqy tk,xs\ loky
rks ;g Hkh gS fd uhrhk th ;g rks crk, fd ftu vVy th dks
og mnkjokn dk egku vknkZ ?kksf"kr dj jgs gSa tc ogh vVy
th eksnh dks jkt/keZ dk ikyu djus dh lh[k ns jgs Fks rc uhrhk
th Lo;a D;k dj jgs Fks\
uhrhk dks nwljs lkskfyLVksa us gh fljs ls [kkfjt dj
fn;k gS vkSj dbZ xEHkhj loky mBk, gSaA lkskfyLV ikVhZ ds
jk"Vh; egklfpo M- se flag us dgk gS fd fnYyh esa vk;ksftr
nks fnolh; jk"Vh; ifj"kn dh cSBd esa turk ny ;wukbVsM us
/keZfujis{krk ds laoS/kkfud ewY; ij viuk ik[k.Mh joS;k ,d ckj
fQj c[kwch fn[kk;k gSA vkj0,l0,l0 Lo;alos d vkSj Hkktik ds
'kh"kZLFk usrk jgs vVy fcgkjh dks ikVhZ us iwjeiqj /keZfujis{k crkrs
gq, muds tSls usrk dks /kkuea=h dk mEehnokj cukus dh lykg
Hkktik dks nh gSA mUgksua s dgk fd ;g lc tkurs gSa fd la?k ifjokj
dh lkEnkf;d fopkj/kkjk ds varxZr djrk vkSj mnkjrk dh
ykbu pyrh gSaA oktis;h dh mnkjrk lkEnkf;d fopkj/kkjk dh
mnkjrk gS ftlds rgr nsk ds lafo/kku ds lkFk Ny djds lkk
ikbZ tkrh gSA
lkskfyLV ikVhZ usrk us dgk fd mudh ikVhZ dk ekuuk
gS fd Hkktik dks tn;w usrkvksa ds eksnh lEca/kh ijks{k&vijks{k
gokyksa ls ukjkt u gksdj mudk 'kqxqtkj gksuk pkfg,A tn ;w
usr`Ro us dgk gS fd os eksnh dk leFkZu blfy, ugha dj ldrs
D;ksafd eksnh us xqtjkr naxksa ls fuiVus ds fy, eqLrSnh ls dke
ugha fy;kA ;g dg dj tn;w usrkvksa us 2002 esa ujsU eksnh ds
usr`Ro esa gq, eqlyekuksa ds jkT;&k;ksftr ujlagkj vkSj mls
fNikus ds fy, fd, x, vusd "kM~;a=ksa ls eksnh dks cjh dj fn;k
gSA
M- se flag us pqVdh ysrs gq, dgk fd ;g Bhd gS fd
tn ;w usrkvksa dk Hkktik ds lkFk 16 lky iqjkuk I;kj gSA ysfdu
mUgsa ;g Hkh /;ku j[kuk pkfg, fd mrus gh lkyksa ls os eqlyekuksa
ds lkFk yVZ dj jgs gSaA tkfgj gS] tn ;w usr`Ro }kjk ;g lc
dok;n fcgkj esa eqlyekuksa dk oksV ikus ds fy, dh tk jgh gSA
vius dks lsdqyj trkus okys nyksa dk gj jkT; vkSj nsk ds Lrj
ij ;gh joS;k cuk gqvk gSA lHkh rkd esa jgrs gSa fd pquko esa
eqlyeku mudh >ksyh esa fxjsAa ;g u dsoy lafo/kku fojks/kh joS;k
gS] cfYd ukxfjd ds rkSj ij eqlyekuksa dh rkSghu gSA gj lsdqyj
ikVhZ esa lkk dk lq[k Hkksxus okys pan eqlyeku usrk Hkh iwjs
leqnk; dh ;g nqnZkk cuk dj j[k nsus esa fgLlsnkj curs gSaA
Hkktik lsdy
q j nyksa ds bl joS;s dk Qk;nk mBkdj fgUnw oksV cSd
a
dh jktuhfr djrh gS vkSj geskk eq[; foi{kh ikVhZ cuh jgrh gSA

ifjdYiuk le;

mUgksaus rks lq>ko fn;k fd bl nqp dks rksM+us ds fy, nsk ds

eqlyekukas dks de ls de ,d ckj ds vke pquko vkSj ,d ckj
lHkh fo/kkulHkk pqukoksa esa oksV ugha Mkyus dk dM+k QSlyk ysuk
pkfg,A
;g 2014 ds ckn dh Hkwfedk gS
njvly uhrhk dk ;g iSarjk 2014 ds ckn dh viuh
Hkwfedk r; djus ds fy, T;knk gS ftls la?k ds mPp usr`Ro dk
leFkZu kIr gSA la?k ;g c[kwch tkurk gS fd eksnh dks ih,e in
dk mEehnokj ?kksf"kr djus ds ckotwn Hkktik lkk esa ugha vk
ldrh vkSj vxj dkxzl
s 200 ls uhps jgh rks Hkktik nwljs nyksa ds
lg;ksx ls ljdkj cukus dk ;kl dj ldrh gSA ,sls esa viuh
rkdr c<+kus ds fy, mldk eksnh ds mxz djiksjsVh fgUnqRo ij
lokjh djuk Hkh t:jh gS vkSj vius uhrhk] eqyk;e ;k ek;korh
ljh[ks lEHkkfor lg;ksfx;ksa dk leFkZu ysus ds fy, dksbZ mnkjoknh
psgjk kstsDV djuk Hkh t:jh gSA blfy, la?k uhrhk th ds
tfj, vkMok.kh th dks mnkj ?kksf"kr djokdj ,d rhj ls nks
fkdkj dj jgk gSA la?k uhrhk ds da/ks ij cUnwd j[kdj ,d rjQ
eksnh dh yxke Hkh dl jgk gS rks nwljh rjQ vius leFkZdksa esa
uhrhk dks [kyuk;d lkfcr djds ;g lans k Hkh nsus dk dke dj
jgk gS fd eksnh dks ih,e pkgrs gks rks Hkktik dh Li"V ljdkj
cukvksA
van:uh tkudkjh ;g gS fd eksnh us vius ehfM;k
eSut
s esUV vkSj djiksjsV lEidksZa ds tfj, la?k usr`Ro ij Hkh ncko
cuk fy;k gS ysfdu ikVhZ dk 'kh"kZ usr`Ro eksnh dks Lohdkj djus
dks rS;kj ugha gSA eksnh iwjs la?k vkSj Hkktik ij gkoh gks x, gSa vkSj
mUgsa dY;k.k flag] mek Hkkjrh] olq/a kjk ;k ;sfn;q#Iik dh rjg dkcw
esa j[kuk la?k ds ok esa ugha gSA
vc la?k dk lkspuk gS fd uhrhk ds lgkjs mldk
,ts.Mk vklkuh ls lQy gks tk,xkA vxj Hkktik Li"V cgqer
yk ikbZ rc rks eksnh dks Hkktik ds vkMok.kh] lq"kek] tsVyh]
jktukFk tSls usrk gh /kjkkk;h dj nsaxs vkSj vxj ljdkj cukus

twu&2013

(7)

ds fy, vU; nyksa dh vko;drk iM+h rks eksnh dks fdukjs dj

fn;k tk,xk vkSj vkMok.kh th dks mnkjrk dk eq[kkSVk vks<+kdj
mlh rjg vkxs dj fn;k tk,xk tSls fd igys vVy th dks mnkj
cuk fn;k x;k FkkA ,sls nko pydj uhrhk dh fl;klr Hkh dk;e
jgsxh fd mUgksua s dj eksnh dks jksd fn;k vkSj mnkj vkMok.kh dks
cuok fn;kA gkykfd ;g [k+;kyh iqyko gh gSa D;ksafd 2009 esa
Hkktik us blls T;knk rkdr ls gYyk epk;k Fkk vkSj urhtk
2014 esa Hkh blls vyx jgus okyk ugha gSA
blhfy, uhrhk ds tfj, la?k us vkMok.kh ds Hkwrdky ij
inkZ Mkyus dk ;kl fd;k gSA ojuk rks vkMok.kh th eksnh ls T;knk
[kw[kkj vkSj lkEnkf;d fgalk djkus dh dyk esa fuiq.k gSAa mUgksua s
,d ckj ugha dbZ ckj iwjs nsk dks lkEnkf;d fgalk dh vkx esa
>ksd
a us dh viuh dyk dk ifjp; fn;k gSA tc vkMok.kh th dh
jFk;k=k fudyh rks lkseukFk ls ysdj Hkkxyiqj rd iwjs nsk esa gqvk
tulagkj 2002 ds xqtjkr ls de u FkkA 6 fnlacj 1992 dks ckcjh
efLtn 'kghn fd, tkus ds ckn rks la?k ij ikcUnh Hkh yx xbZ Fkh]
Hkktik dh rhu jkT; ljdkjsa Hkh c[kkZLr gks xbZ FkhaA mlds ckotwn
vkMok.kh th iwjs nsk esa vkx yxokus esa dke;kc jgsA ;kn gksxk ml
o dkaxl
zs h 'kklu okyk eqEcbZ nks ekg rd tyrk jgk FkkA tcfd
eksnh us tks dqN fd;k og flQZ blfy, fd og lkk esa Fks vkSj dsU
esa uhrhk dqekj] 'kjn ;kno vkSj ttZ QukaM
Z ht ls vius lEca/kksa ds
pyrs vkMok.kh th muds j{kd cus gq, FksA eksnh rks xks/kjk dh vkx
xqtjkr ds ckgj yxok gh ugha ik,A oSls Hkh eksnh th tulagkj rc
djk ik,xs tc ljdkj esa gksx
a s ysfdu vkMok.kh th tc pkgsa rc
tulagkj djkus dh dyk esa fl)gLr gSAa blfy, vkMok.kh th oks
uhrhk ds ek.ki= ij gLrk{kj rks la?k ds gh gSAa

ifjdYiuk le;

twu&2013

(8)

vkeus&lkeus

ehfM;k ges'kk gh lkEiznkf;d jgk gS % eqnkz jk{kl

fgUnh lkfgR; esa ubZ vkykspuk ds
lw=/kkj vkSj [kjh&[kjh lh/kh&lh/kh ckr djus
okys ofj"B lkfgR;dkj eqnzkjk{kl ges'kk ls
gh lekt dh foMEcukvksa ds izfr ,d nhokj
cudj [kM+s gksrs jgs gSaA lekt ds fofHkUu
rcdksa ds ckjs esa viuh csckd jk; ges'kk
tkfgj djrs jgs gSa pkgs tekus ds f[kykQ gks
;k tekus ds i{k esaA dbZ ckj ,slk Hkh gqvk
gS fd mudh csckd jk; ls lkfgR; vkSj
lekt esa rwQku [kM+k gks x;k gSA izLrqr gS
lekt dh dks<+ cuh tkfr iz Fkk vkSj
lkEiznkf;drk dks ysdj dqN vuNq, fo"k;ksa
ij eqnzkjk{kl ls fou;nkl o MkW0 ';ke
lqUnj nhf{kr dh lh/kh ckr----------MkW0 ';ke lqUnj & vkidk fuf'pr er gS fd lo.kZ dks vko';drk D;ksa\
eqnzkjk{kl & igyh ckr rks ;g gS fd LoHkkor% Lora=rk
nfyr iz'u ij fy[kus dk vf/kdkj ugha gSA os viuh
nqfu;k esa [kq'k jgsaA mlh ij fy[ksaA vkidh bl ekU;rk vkSj lerk gksrh gS] ;g ckr lgh ugha gSA [kqn xka/kh Hkh ekurs Fks
fd iSnkb'k ls Hkys gh lc leku gksa ysfdu ckn esa vlekurk iSnk
ds ihNs vkidk eUrO; D;k gS\
eqnzkjk{kl & O;fDrxr eUrO; ogh gS tks fopkj/kkjk gSA gks tkrh gSA lkfgR; vxj euq"; lekt ls lh/ks tqM+k gqvk gksrk
dksbZ Hkh ys[kd vius lekt ,oa lalkj ds ckjs esa gh izkekf.kd fy[k gS] rks fu'p; gh euq"; dgk vkSj D;ksa vlekurk iSnk djrk gS ;g
a
ldrk gSA dksbZ Hkkjr dk O;fDr b.Mksusf'k;k ;k fpyh ds O;fDr Hkh mlesa vkuk pkfg,A L=h vkSj nfyr ;s nksuksa ,slh laLd`fr;k gS&
ds ckjs esa izkekf.kd ugha fy[k ldrk gSA tks vyx&Fkyx laLd`fr ftudk foLrkj ls dgha vkSj dHkh foospu ugha gqvkA ftl rjg
gksrh gS] mlds ckjs esa fdlh ckgjh O;fDr dk fy[kuk izkekf.kd nfyr eq[; /kkjk ds ys[ku esa izfrfuf/kRo ugha ik lds] mlh rjg
vkSj fo'oluh; ugha gks ldrkA nfyr leqnk; lewps lo.kZ lekt fL=;k Hkh eq[; /kkjk ls ckgj gh jgh gSaA lewph ekuo lH;rk esa
gh ugha cfYd ph fiNM+h tkfr;ksa ds lekt ls Hkh vyx jgk gSA fpUru] lkfgR;] fopkj vkSj laLd`fr dk dke iq#"k gh djrs jgsA
mudh lkjh thoup;kZ gtkjksa lky esa dSls bl vyxkookn ls ,slh fLFkfr esa ;g t:jh gks tkrk gS fd nfyr vkSj fL=;k Hkh eq[;
izHkkfor gqbZ gS] ;g ckr nfyr gh tkurs gSaA ftrus Hkh lo.kZ /kkjk esa viuk ;ksxnku nsa vkSj mudh vyx ls igpku Hkh gksA tc
ys[kdksa us vc rd nfyrksa ij fy[kk gS] muesa ls fdlh us Hkh ;g fLFkfr FkksM+h cny tk,xh vkSj L=h rFkk nfyr leqnk;
nfyr lekt dh xgjkbZ ls igpku ugha dh gSA ftruk ij ls lkekftd&lkaLd`frd :i esa nwljksa ds cjkcj vk tk,xs ml oDr
nfyr fn[krs gSa vkSj ftruk fcuk Nq, tkuk tk ldrk gS( mrus ;g vyxko [kqn [kRe gks tk,xkA tc rd ;g ugha gksrk rc rd
ij gh lo.kZ ys[kd dsfUnzr jgk gSA blfy, nfyrksa ij nwljksa }kjk mUgsa vyx ls ns[kuk t:jh gksxkA lewph nqfu;k esa fodflr ns'k
Hkh gSa vkSj vR;Ur vfodflr rFkk fiNM+s ns'k HkhA la;Dq r jk"V tSls
fy[kk tkuk dHkh izkekf.kd ugha ekuk tk ldrk gSA
fou;nkl & dgk tkrk gS fd lkfgR; ekuo laxBu cjkcj ;g dksf'k'k djrs jgrs gSa fd fiNM+s jk"Vkas dh fLFkfr
thou dh vfoHkkT; f;k gS mls vyx&vyx [kkuksa esa csgrj djus ds fy, vyx ls ;kstuk, cusAas Bhd oSls gh tc rd
ugha ckVk tk ldrk D;ksafd euq"; ek= dh ewy vkdka{kkvksa L=h vkSj nfyr dks lekurk ugha feyrh rc rd mUgsa vyx vkSj
esa Lora=rk] lerk vkS j cU/kq Ro Lo;eso fufgr jgrs gSa fo'ks"k ntkZ nsuk t:jh gksrk gSA blhfy, L=h vkSj nfyrksa ds
rks fQj lo.kZ ] nfyr vkS j L=h lkfgR; dh vyx ls lkfgR; dks vyx ekU;rk nsuh gh gksxhA
ifjdYiuk le;
twu&2013
(9)

MkW0 ';kelqUnj&vkidh n`f"V esa nfyr dkSu gaS\

os tks vkt Hkh Hk;] Hkw[k vkSj lkekftd la=kl <ks jgs gS]a
tkrh; na'k ls ihfM+r gSa ;k os yksx tks lRrk ds f'k[kjksa
ij cSBdj lq[kh thou O;rhr djrs gq, tkfr dks vL=
dh rjg iz;ksx djrs gSa\
eqnzkjk{kl&nsf[k,! tc rd lektoknh O;oLFkk ugha
vkrh rc rd nfyrksa esa Hkh vkfFkZd fo"kerk cuh jgsxhA gkykfd
;g fo"kerk nwljs oxksZa dh rqyuk esa cgqr de gSA mnkgj.k ds fy,
vki ek;korh dks ys ldrs gS]a tks dkuksa esa ghjs igurh gSa ,slk dgk
tkrk gSA ek;korh ls eq>s dksbZ lgkuqHkwfr ugha gSA eSa mudk
vkykspd Hkh gwA ysfdu vkykspuk ghjs ds dkj.k ugha djrkA
D;ksafd xk;=h nsoh ds ikl ek;korh dh rqyuk esa gtkjksa xquk
T;knk ghjs&tokgjkr gSAa ets dh ckr gS i=dkjksa us ghjksa dks ysdj
xk;=h nsoh dh vkykspuk dHkh ugha dhA tc rd lekt esa vkfFkZd
xSj cjkcjh dk ra= gS dqN yksx mldk ykHk mBkrs gh jgsaxsA
ysfdu ek;korh ds vk/kkj ij lewps nfyr lekt dh vkykspuk
rks ugha gks ldrh u\ fdlh dk fdlh Hkh tkfr esa le`) gks tkuk
ml tkfr dh ugha iwthoknh ra= dh nsu gSA bl ds vk/kkj ij ge
;g Hkh ns[k ldrs gSa fd vU; oxksZa dh rqyuk esa fdrus nfyrksa ds
ikl ghjs gks ldrs gSaA lo.kZ ds lkFk ;g fLFkfr ugha gSA lewpk
e/; oxZ FkksM+s ls nfyr vf/kdkfj;ksa dks NksM+dj iwjh rjg oafpr
gS vkSj nfyr cqf)thoh Hkh bl ckr ls fpfUrr gksrs gSa fd nfyrksa
esa iz'kklu ;k jktuhfr esa igqp tkus okys nfyr [kqn lqfo/kkHkksxh
gks tkrs gSaA viuh tekr ls dV tkrs gSAa vDlj os bl ckr dh
fpUrk dHkh ugha djrs fd mudh tekr dk vkneh vkt Hkh fdruh
cqjh gkyr esa jg jgk gSA rks vkidk iz'u vk/kk lgh gS vkSj
vk/kk ughaA ml oxZ dh vkykspuk nfyr cqf)thfo;ksa us rh[ksiu
ls dh gSA izk0s rqylhjke tSls vusd ofj"B nfyr fpUrd dBksjrk
ds lkFk ;g dgrs gSa fd jktuhfr vkSj lRrk esa igqps nfyr [kqn
Hkh lo.kZ vkSj 'kks"kdksa esa rCnhy gks tkrs gSaA
fou;nkl & nfyrksa esa Hkh Js"B vkSj vJs"B dh
vgeU;rk vke rkSj ij ns[kh tkrh gSA tSls esgrjksa ls
egkj vius dks Js" B ekurs gS aA tks nfyrksa esa muds
mRFkku esa my>ko vkSj dVqrk iSnk djrk gSA bl lUnHkZ
esa vkidh jk; D;k gS\
eqnzkjk{kl & vkidk ;g loky iwjh rjg lgh gS vkSj
vkt xSj lo.kZ lekt dh vkUrfjd cqjkb;ksa dk lcls cM+k dkj.k
Hkh ;gh gSA ftl rjg czk.kksa esa [kkl rkSj ls vusd ph&uhph
mitkfr;k gSa( ftuesa vDlj ,d nwljs ls dksbZ lkaLd`frd
lEcU/k ugha jgrk vkSj ;s mitkfr;k fiNM+h vkSj nfyr tkfr;ksa
dh rjg ,d nwljs ls vyxko j[krh gSAa bl ns'k ds yEcs bfrgkl
esa ;g lcls nqHkkZX;iw.kZ i{k gS fd tkfr;ksa ,oa mitkfr;ksa ds :i
esa lewpk lekt fc[kj jgk gS vkSj vkil esa gh ?k`.kk djrk gSA
nwljs ns'kksa dh rjg Hkkjr dk ;g leqnk; ,d laxfBr jk"Vh;rk
ds :i esa dHkh fodflr ;k laxfBr ugha gqvkA nfyr vkUnksyu

ifjdYiuk le;

ds lkjs usrk ;g tkurs gSa fd nfyr tkfr;k vius dke ds vuqlkj

vyx&vyx cVh gqbZ gSa vkSj ,d nwljs ds izfr ?kksj vyxko vkSj
vlekurk eglwl djrh gSaA vDlj ns[kk x;k gS fd ,d ukbZ
fdlh Hkaxh ;k pekj ds cky dkVus ls bUdkj dj nsrk gSA nks
nfyr tkfr ds yksx ,d nwljs ls jksVh&csVh dk lEcU/k ugha
cukrsA [kqn nfyrksa esa tkfrokn bruk xgjk gS fd nks nfyr
tkfr;k flQZ blh ckr ij ,d&nwljs ds fo#) [kM+h gks ldrh

^^tc rd lektoknh O;oLFkk ugha vkrh rc rd nfyrksa esa

Hkh vkfFkZd fo"kerk cuh jgsxhA gkykfd ;g fo"kerk nwljs
oxksZa dh rqyuk esa cgqr de gSA mnkgj.k ds fy, vki
ek;korh dks ys ldrs gSa] tks dkuksa esa ghjs igurh gSa ,slk
dgk tkrk gSA ek;korh ls eq>s dksbZ lgkuqHkwfr ugha gSA eSa
mudk vkykspd Hkh gwA ysfdu vkykspuk ghjs ds dkj.k
ugha djrkA D;ksafd xk;=h nsoh ds ikl ek;korh dh rqyuk
esa gtkjksa xquk T;knk ghjs&tokgjkr gSaA ets dh ckr gS
i=dkjksa us ghjksa dks ysdj xk;=h nsoh dh vkykspuk dHkh
ugha dhA tc rd lekt esa vkfFkZd xSj cjkcjh dk ra= gS
dqN yksx mldk ykHk mBkrs gh jgsaxAs **
gSa fd muesa ls dkSu pk gS vkSj dkSu uhpkA nfyr vkUnksyu dh
lcls cM+h vlQyrk, nks gS&
a ,d rks nfyrksa esa tkfrokn lekIr
u dj ikuk vkSj nwljs fiNM+h tkfr;ksa ls Hkh vius dks vyx cuk,
j[kukA vkfFkZd foiUurk nfyrksa esa Hkh gS vkSj fiNM+kas esa HkhA ysfdu
tkfrokn bruk etcwr gS fd nksuksa esa dksbZ lg;ksx lEHko ughaA
dqN cjl igys ,d nfyr ys[kd tks LoPNdkj tkfr ds gSa] ,d
dgkuh fy[kus ds fy, peZdkj tkfr ds yksxksa dh fuUnk ds ik=
cusA peZdkj tkrh; ys[kdksa dk vkjksi ;g Fkk fd LoPNdkj tkfr
ds ys[kd us viuh dgkuh esa mUgsa uhpk fn[kk;kA nfyr ekspsZ ij
tkfroknh fo"kerk dk blls cM+k mnkgj.k vkSj D;k gks ldrk gS\
MkW0 ';kelqUnj & vkius vius ys[kksa esa lkfgR;
ds lkS U n;Z 'kkL= ds iz p fyr ekun.M ds cjDl
lekt'kkL=h; fpUru ij vf/kd tksj fn;k gS] [kkl rkSj
ij nfyr lekt'kkL= dh ckr dh gSA blds ihNs vkidk
mn~ ns'; D;k gS \
eqnzkjk{kl & bl loky esa ,d NksVk lk ,rjkt dk
fcUnq gSA nfyr lekt dh ;k muds ys[ku dh lekt'kkL=h;
O;k[;k eSa t:j djrk gw( ysfdu O;k[;k dh ;g i)fr eSa lewps
bfrgkl ds fo'o ys[ku dh Hkh djrk gwA b/kj dqN nfyr ys[kdksa
us nfyr lkSUn;Z'kkL= dk ft fd;k FkkA eSa muls blfy,
vlger gw fd lkSUn;Z'kkL= ek= gh eSa mfpr ugha ekurkA dksbZ
Hkh jpuk lkSUn;Z'kkL= ds utfj, ls ugha lekt'kkL= ds n`f"Vdks.k
ls ns[kh tkuh pkfg,A lekt'kkL= esa viuk pquko vkykspukRed
lekt'kkL= ls gSA nwljs lekt'kkL=h; fl)kUrksa ls eSa iwjh rjg

twu&2013

(10)

lger ugha gwA

fou;nkl & vkidh n`f"V esa /keZ dh ,d fuf'pr
ifjHkk"kk D;k gks ldrh gS\
eqnzkjk{kl & /keZ dh fuf'pr ;k oSKkfud ifjHkk"kk flQZ
,d gS fd /keZ rdZghu fo'okl dk uke gksrk gSA /keZ ,d ,sls
fo'okl dk uke gS ftlds fdlh Hkh i{k ij rdZ ugha fd;k tk
ldrk gS vkSj u iz'ufpUg yxk;k tk ldrk gSA /keZ dh blh
ifjHkk"kk dks eSa Lohdkj djrk gwA
MkW0 ';kelqUnj & D;k vki /keZ vkSj lEiznk;
dks dlus ds fy, dksbZ fuf'pr dlkSVh cuk, tkus ds
i{k/kj gSa\ D;ksaf d /keZxz UFkksa ds iq uikZB esa [kklrkSj ls
fgUnw /keZ dh dq R lk vkS j cz k .kks a ds dq f Vy LokFkhZ
LoHkko dh ckr rks ckjEckj dh gS ij orZ e ku vkS j
lkekftd ifjisz {; esa dksb Z lelkef;d gy vki }kjk
iz Lrq r ugha gksr k\
eqnzkjk{kl & vkidh bl ckr ls eSa lger gw fd /keZ dh
foospuk djrs gq, dksbZ u;k fo'okl eSa ugha nsrkA bldk ,d cM+k
dkj.k rks ;g gS fd lexz O;k[;k ;k dksbZ izksxzke nqfu;k dks nsus
ds uke ij u,&u, lEiznk; xfBr gksrs jgs gSaA tks Lo;a ,d
lEiznk; cu x, gSaA eSa bl ckr esa fo'okl djrk gw fd fdlh Hkh
fopkjd ds fy, ;g t:jh gS fd og euq"; dks iz'ukdqy cuk,]
mldh ftKklk dks csjksd&Vksd c<+us esa enn ns vkSj mls nqfu;k
ds bfrgkl dh Kkujkf'k dk lEeku djuk fl[kk,A ysfdu blds
izfr mls HkDr ugha fo'ys"kd cuk,A tc eSua s /keZxzUFkksa dk iquikZB
fy[kk rks esjs fnekx esa ;g ckr Fkh fd lHkh /keksZa ds xzFa kksa dk iquiZkB
fy[kwxkA ysfdu ;g dke cgqr yEck gSA fiNys djhc <kbZ lky
eq>s bZlkb;ksa ds U;w VsLVkesUV dk iquikZB fy[kus esa yx x,A ;g
fdrkc 'kk;n pkj&Ng eghus esa vk tk,xhA bLyke ds /keZxzUFkksa
dk vkdkj cgqr cM+k gSA dbZ gtkj rks gnhlsa gSa vkSj vjch lkfgR;
ftlesa dqjku ;k bLyke dks tUe fn;k] og Hkh cgqr fo'kky gSA
dkQh le; ls bls Hkh i<+us vkSj le>us dh dksf'k'k dj jgk gwA
fQj ckS) /keZxzUFkksa dk vkdkj cgqr fojkV gSA ;gh fLFkfr ;gwnh
/keZxzUFkksa dh Hkh gSA tkfgj gS bruk cM+k dke dc iwjk gks ik,xk
;g dguk tjk dfBu gSA ,slh fLFkfr esa eq>s ugha yxrk fd eq>s
,d ,slk fo'o n'kZu Hkh ns nsuk pkfg, tks bu /keksZa ds vykok vkSj
vyx dksbZ lS)kfUrdh cu ldsA ;g lkjk i<+rs gq, ,d ckr us
rks eq>s pfdr fd;k fd lHkh /keksZa ds /keZxzUFkksa dk vkdkj cgqr
fojkV gSA fgUnw /keZxzUFkksa dk vxj eq>s cgqr NksVh mez ls gh
v/;;u u djk;k x;k gksrk] mldk ifjp; ik lduk yxHkx
vlEHko gksrkA ftlesa osn] czk.kxzUFk] vkj.;d] mifu"kn] bfrgkl]
iqjk.k] O;kdj.k] /keZlw=] x`glw=] fu#Dr vkfn gtkjksa dh la[;k
esa gSaA ftl vk'p;Z dh ckr eSa dj jgk Fkk] og ;g gS fd
fgUnw&eqfLye] ;gwnh vkSj ckS) /keksZa ds xzUFk rks fojkV gSa gh]
flD[kksa dk vkfnxzUFk Hkh cgqr fojkV gS vkSj bu lHkh esa lekt dSls
pys] jkT; ,oa vFkZO;oLFkk dSls gks] ifjokj vkSj O;fDr ds vkpj.k

ifjdYiuk le;

dSls gksa] bu lc ij foLrkj esa fy[kk x;k gSA euq"; dh ,d&,d

gjdr dk funsZ'k bu /keZxzUFkksa esa ekStnw gSA flQZ bZlkb;ksa dk tks
ewy /keZxzUFk gS og nqfu;k dk lcls NksVk vkSj laf{kIr ys[ku gSA

^^pwfd eSa bZ'oj gh ugha ekurk blfy, fdlh Hkh

/keZxzUFk dks bZ'ojh; ugha ekurkA ,d ckr t:j gS fd
fgUnw /keZxzUFkksa dh rqyuk esa eq>s vU; /keksZa esa de cqjkb;k
fn[khaA gkykfd ;g ckr Hkh lp gS fd lHkh /keksZa esa ;gk
rd thll ds /keZ esa Hkh ckn ds ;qxksa esa cgqr T;knk
vekuoh; dke fd, vkSj cgqr fgalk, dhA bZlkb;ksa }kjk
ckn dh lfn;ksa esa fd, x, ohHkRl ujlagkj rks euq";
fojks/kh bfrgkl dk uewuk gSaA **
thll dks ysdj pkj f'k";ksa us viuh ckrksa vkSj thoup;kZ dk tks
C;kSjk fn;k gS og flQZ lRrj ist ds vkl ikl gSA mlesa Hkh thll
us [kqn Hkh tks dgk gS mlds m)j.kek= nks gtkj 'kCn gSa vkSj
blesa thll us dgha ;g ugha dgk fd lekt O;oLFkk dSls pysA
euq"; viuk thou dSls pyk, ;k vkpkj&fopkj D;k gksa] blds
ckjs esa ,d 'kCn Hkh thll us ugha dgkA tcfd cq) lfgr lHkh
yksx lekt vkSj euq"; dks vius vkns'kksa ls ck/k nsrs gSaA ,d ckj
rks tc muds f'k";ksa us dgk mins'k ds fy, rks ml vkneh us dgk
& eSa nqfu;k esa vkx yxkus vk;k gw ;g er lkspuk fd eSa 'kkfUr
ds fy, vk;k gwA fofp= O;fDr Fkk thll] ftlus fdlh izdkj
/kekZns'k ugha fn;kA vxj thll dk /keZ bZ'oj u ekurk rks eSa
mldk leFkZd gks tkrk D;ksfa d bZ'oj dks NksMd
+ j ckdh dksbZ ,slh
ckr thll us ugha dgh tks eq>s pqHksA
MkW - ';kelq U nj & vkf[kj bZ ' oj ls vkidks
bruh ?k` . kk D;ks a gS ] ml ije'kfDr dks ftlls ;g
czk.M lapkfyr gS vki mls fdl :i esa O;Dr djuk
ilUn djsa x s\
eqnzkjk{kl & ckr ?k`.kk dh ugha fo'okl dh gSA ge rdZ
esa fo'okl djrs gSa vkLFkk esa ughaA D;ksafd rdZ fo'ys"k.k djrk gS
vkSj vkLFkk esa pqipki eku ysus dh ck/;rk gSA tgk rd czk.M
ds lapkyu dk iz'u gS rks og fdlh bZ'ojh; lRrk ls ugha cfYd
vkd"kZ.k&fod"kZ.k ds oSKkfud fof/k ls gS vkSj blh dh 'kfDr dk
ifj.kke gSA bZ'oj iwthoknh jktra=kRed 'kks"k.k dh [kkst Hkj gS tks
Hk; vkSj Hkh:rk ls vf/kd dqN ugha gSA
fou;nkl & /keZ x z U Fkksa dk iq u ikZ B djrs gq ,
vki osn] czk.k] Le`fr] mifu"kn] iqjk.k rFkk fgUnw /keZ
dh cgq f of/k ijh{kk djrs gS a A mudh ghurk] nhurk]
dqfVyrk] dqRlk dks Hkh O;k[;kf;r djrs gSaA fdUrq ogha
ij vU; /keZxzUFkksa ij vkidk fpUru izk;% ekSu jgk gSA
D;k buds cjDl vki mUgsa okLrfod bZ'ojh; ;k dqN
vkSj ekurs gSa\ bl lUnHkZ esa dqN dgsaA
eqnkz jk{kl & pwfd eSa bZ'oj gh ugha ekurk blfy, fdlh

twu&2013

(11)

^^vki O;kl vkSj rqylhnkl dh dkSu lh cqjkb;k dchj esa ns[k jgs gSa&;g eSa Hkh tkuuk pkgwxkA
ysfdu dchj dks eSa [kqn cgqr vfrjsd ds lkFk ugha ns[krkA dchj ek= ,d lekt lq/kkjd Fks] lekt fopkjd
ughaA os cqjkb;k ns[krs Fks fdUrq cqjkb;ksa dh tM+ dk lekt'kkL= muesa ugha feyrk vkSj dchj dk lcls [kjkc
i{k gS mudk L=h fojks/kh gksukA dchj dk oSKkfud v/;;u gksuk pkfg,A **
Hkh /keZxzUFk dks bZ'ojh; ugha ekurkA ,d ckr t:j gS fd fgUnw
/keZxUz Fkksa dh rqyuk esa eq>s vU; /keksaZ esa de cqjkb;k fn[khaA gkykfd
;g ckr Hkh lp gS fd lHkh /keksZa esa ;gk rd thll ds /keZ esa Hkh
ckn ds ;qxksa esa cgqr T;knk vekuoh; dke fd, vkSj cgqr fgalk,
dhA bZlkb;ksa }kjk ckn dh lfn;ksa esa fd, x, ohHkRl ujlagkj rks
euq"; fojks/kh bfrgkl dk uewuk gSAa gk! lcls de fgalk ckS)ksa us
dh blesa lUnsg ugha gSaA pwfd bLykeh lkfgR; vHkh eSa ,d= dj
jgk gw] mlds lkFk gh iwjk bLykeh bfrgkl Hkh ns[kuk gksxk] ftlesa
dqN le; yx ldrk gS D;ksfa d vxyk iquikZB bLyke dk gh gksuk
gSA vPNk! ;g ckr Hkh fnypLi yxrh gS fd bZ'oj us ,slk dgkA
;g lcls T;knk bLyke esa gh gSA ckS) vkSj tSu esa fcYdqy ughaA
bZlkb;ksa vkSj fgUnqvksa esa de gSA fgUnqvksa esa T;knkrj czk.kksa ds
vkns'k gSaA ;gwfn;ksa ds xzUFk esa dqjku dh rjg bZ'oj cksyrk gqvk
nh[krk gSA etsnkj ckr ;g gS fd ;gwnh /keZxzUFk esa bZ'oj ckdk;nk
lh/ks buke nsrk gS ;k nf.Mr djrk gSA bl lkjs ra= ij vc ckn
esa gh dke dj ldwxk tks fd cgqr yEck dke gSA bZlkb;ksa dk
/keZxUz Fk cgqr NksVk Fkk blfy, dke tYn gks ldkA gkykfd blesa
Hkh bZlkb;ksa dk fy[kk lkfgR; cgqr cM+k gSA
MkW- ';kelq Unj & xhrk dk iq uikZ B djrs gq ,
vkius xhrk vkSj jkepfjr ekul dks 'kwnz vkSj L=h fojks/
kh djkj fn;k gSA vkSj ogha ij dchj dh izfr"Bk djrs
gq, vkius mUgsa vkfn ls vUr rd nq xZ fr ghurk vkS j
iqjeq[kkisf{krk ls cpkus dk ,d fojkV vfHk;ku crk;k gS
tcfd O;kl vkSj rqylh dh vko';d cqjkb;k dchj esa
Hkh gSA bl lUnHkZ esa nksgjs ekun.M D;ksa\
eqnzkjk{kl & vki O;kl vkSj rqylhnkl dh dkSu lh
cqjkb;k dchj esa ns[k jgs gSa&;g eSa Hkh tkuuk pkgwxkA ysfdu
dchj dks eSa [kqn cgqr vfrjsd ds lkFk ugha ns[krkA dchj ek=
,d lekt lq/kkjd Fks] lekt fopkjd ughaA os cqjkb;k ns[krs Fks
fdUrq cqjkb;ksa dh tM+ dk lekt'kkL= muesa ugha feyrk vkSj
dchj dk lcls [kjkc i{k gS mudk L=h fojks/kh gksukA dchj dk
oSKkfud v/;;u gksuk pkfg,A dchj us tc ;g dgk fd bZaVksa ls
efLtn cukdj vkSj ml ij p<+dj eqYyk ckx nsrk gS rks D;k
[kqnk cgjk gks x;kA mudk ;g loky xyr gSA vtku nsdj
eqYyk bZ'oj dks ugha lqukrk og uekft;ksa dks cqykrk gS rks ,slh
NksVh&NksVh ckrsa dchj esa gSa ysfdu dchj fgUnw&eqfLye dV~VjiUFk
,oa }s"k ds fo#) lkekftd ln~Hkko dk tks ys[ku djrs gSa og
egRoiw.kZ gSA ogha dchj dk v/;kRe ;k jgL;okn eSa dksjh cdokl
ekurk gwA vusd foHkkftr lEiznk;ksa ds jke dks ,d lewps leqnk;
ds lkeus vkn'kZ vkSj izklafxd cukus dk dke rqylh us fd;kA

ifjdYiuk le;

blds vykok dksbZ nwljs lkekftd lUnHkZ ugha FksA jkekuqtkpk;Z

us osnkUr dks ftl HkfDr lEiznk; ls tksMk+ Fkk mldh O;k[;k lcls
foLrkj ls rqylh us gh dhA blds fy, mudk ,d lEiznk; ds
fudV egRo gSA ml egRo dks og lEiznk; vxj Lohdkj djrk
gS rks ;g ogh yksx tkusaA ftu vkn'kksZa ds fy, rqylh jke dks
izfrf"Br djrs gSa os vkn'kZ eSa Lohdkj ugha djrkA
fou;nkl & /keZxzUFkksa dk iquikZB vkSj vkykspuk
dk lekt'kkL= bu nksu ks a iq L rdksa es a vkius ckjEckj
lekt'kkL=h; fpUru] vk/kqfud cks/k vkSj oSKkfud n`f"V
dh ckr djrs gq, gj ckj fgUnw /keZ] jhfr&fjokt] lksp]
fpUru vkSj f;k dks vlkekftd] voSKkfud rFkk :<+
Bgjk;k gSA blds izfr ldkjkRed n`f"Vdks.k j[kus okyksa
dk migkl fd;k gSA D;k vkidh n`f"V esa ,slk gh gS\ ;k
fQj fdlh er ;k okn ds LFkkiukFkZ vki ,slk dgrs gSa\
eqnzkjk{kl & ,slk fdlh er ;k fo'okl ds vUrxZr ugha
fd;k gSA fu'p; gh eSa ;g ekurk gw ;k eku ldrk gw fd eSa
fgUnqRo dh lS)kfUrdh ds izfr dVq O;ogkj djrk jgk gwA ysfdu
eq>ls T;knk Hk;kud dVqrk vkSj dBksj opu dk iz;ksx rks
n;kuUn ljLorh us fd;kA mUgksaus rks cgqr gh cqjh Hkk"kk esa mu
lcdh fuUnk dh] ftudh eSa djrk gwA gk! n;kuUn ljLorh us
osnksa dks cgqr cM+k lEeku ns j[kk FkkA eq>s yxrk gS osnksa ds izfr
n;kuUn th dk tks utfj;k Fkk& og osnksa dks lgh&lgh i<+us
le>us ls igys dk FkkA osnksa dk Hkk"; djuk tc mUgksaus 'kq:
fd;k Fkk rHkh mudk nsgkUr gks x;k FkkA vxj _Xosn ;k vU; osnksa
dk Hkk"; os dj Mkyrs] rks mudk utfj;k t:j cnyrkA os le>
ldrs fd lk;.k] mooV~] egks/kj ;k loy Lokeh tSls nl yksxksa
ds Hkk"; ,d nwljs ls fcYdqy vyx D;ksa gSa\ n;kuUn th dh ;g
ckr eSa ekurk gw fd osnksa dks le>us ds fy, ;kLdkpk;Z gh ,dek=
ek/;e gSA ;kLdkpk;Z dh enn ls osnksa dks le>us ij osnksa dh
cgqr vyx vkSj fujk'kktud rLohj mHkjrh gSA n;kuUn _Xosnkfn
Hkk"; Hkwfedk esa cgqr ckjhdh ls blds ladrs Hkh feyrs gSAa n;kuUn
ljLorh us ftl rjg fgUnqRo ds fof/kd i{kksa dh rh[kh vkykspuk
dh gS] og Hkh cgqr vuqnkj gS vkSj 'kk;n ;gh vuqnkjrk esjs ys[ku
esa Hkh feyrh gS D;ksafd esjs vkl&ikl dh nqfu;k fgUnqvksa ls Hkjh
gS] blhfy, mUgsa dBksjrk ls >d>ksjus esa eSa ladksp ugha djrkA
eSa ;g t:j pkgrk gw fd fgUnw rdZ'khyrk dks Lohdkj djsaA
fou;nkl & vkidh d`fr ^vkykspuk lekt'kkL=*
dks i<+rs gq, ;g yxus yxrk gS fd vki fdlh fo"k;&oLrq
ds izfr igys vius er dks iq"V :i esa LFkkfir dj ysrs
gS a] fQj mldh LFkkiuk ds fy, lk;kl rdZ vUosf "kr

twu&2013

(12)

djrs gSaA dHkh&dHkh rks m)j.kksa dh vk/kh&v/kwjh izLrqfr

vkSj mudk vius vuq:i vFkZ dj viuh LFkkiuk dks cy
nsus dk dke Hkh djrs gSaA bl lUnHkZ esa vki D;k dguk
pkgs a x s \
eqnzkjk{kl & nqfu;k esa dksbZ Hkh fopkj igys viuh
LFkkiuk fufeZr djrk gS vkSj viuh vlgefr;ksa dk {ks= igpkurk
gSA blds ckn gh og viuh fopkj/kkjk dks foLrkj nsus dh dksf'k'k
djrk gSA fdlh Hkh egRoiw.kZ fopkjd us fcuk viuh tehu r;
fd, gq, ;k=k 'kq: ugha dh gSA vkbaLVkbu tSls cM+s oSKkfud us
igys ;gh r; fd;k Fkk fd mls D;k [kkfjt djuk gS vkSj vius
le; rd ds HkkSfrd 'kkL= dh miyfC/k;ksa ls vyx fdl loky
dks mBkuk gSA vkbaLVkbu ls cgqr igys nks oSKkfudksa us izdk'k dh
xfr dks ysdj dqN iz;ksx fd, FksA oSKkfud lekt esa ;g yxHkx
Hkwyk gqvk izlax FkkA vkbaLVkbu us ogha ls 'kq:vkr dh FkhA esjh
,d fdrkc gS n'kZu 'kkL= ds lEcU/k esa tks vizdkf'kr gS vkSj lu~
mUuhl lkS ckou ;k frjiu esa fy[kh xbZ FkhA mldk lkj ;gh gS
fd dksbZ Hkh fopkjd igys dqN [kkfjt djrk gS vkSj viuk izLFkku
fcUnq igys ls fu/kkZfjr djrk gS] rHkh og lgh ;k=k dj ldrk gSA
MkW0 ';kelqUnj & viuh oSpkfjdh esa vki lokZf/
kd wj cz k .kksa ds iz f r fn[kkbZ nsr s gS aA blds D;k
dkj.k gSa\ vlgefr] vfrfjDr vis{kk ;k dqN vkSj\
eqnzkjk{kl & ,d dkj.k rks ;g gS tgk eSa jg jgk gw] ml
lekt esa oSpkfjd gLr{ksi ;gh djrs gSaA bLyke ;k bZlkbZ gekjh
thoup;kZ fu/kkZfjr ugha djrsA pwfd lewpk fgUnw rU= ,dek=
czk.kksa }kjk gh lapkfyr gksrk gS] blhfy, eq>s ;g mfpr yxrk
gS fd blh fdys ij geyk gksuk t:jh gSA bl ns'k esa Kku&foKku
ls ysdj vkfFkZd] lkekftd fodkl dh lewph fLFkfr;k czk.kksa ls
lapkfyr gksrh gSa fdUrq mudh vo/kkj.kk vkSj fopkj ,sls gSa tks
fdlh Hkh {ks= esa ifjorZu Lohdkj ugha djrsA blds vfrfjDr
lewpk f'k{kk ra= ;k jktuhfr] /keZ] laLd`fr czk.k lapkfyr djrk
gS blhfy, mUgha dks ;g ckr lEcksf/kr djuk t:jh gS fd os dgk
izxfr vkSj ifjorZu esa ck/kk Mkyrs gSAa blesa futh vis{kk dk loky
ugha gSA gk! vkxzg ;k vis{kk flQZ bruh gS fd viuh oSpkfjd
tehu dks czk.k mitk cuk,A tks dke nqfu;k esa dgha Hkh gks
jgk gS mlls csgrj gksus dh lEHkkouk, iSnk djsaA ,d NksVk lk
mnkgj.k ns[k ys&
a gekjs ns'k esa 'kjhj dks LoLFk j[kus ds fy, ;ksx
dk vkfo"dkj gqvk ysfdu bl ;ksx us bl yEcs bfrgkl esa dHkh
,d Hkh ,slk vkneh ugha iSnk fd;k tks vksyfEid [ksyksa esa dksbZ
thr gkfly djsA bFkksfi;k rks ;ksx dks tkurk Hkh ugha vkSj nqfu;k
dk lcls fiNM+k ns'k gS ysfdu ntZuksa ind thr ykrk gSA czk.k
;k czk.kRo ds gksus dk D;k ;gh lq[k gS\
MkW0 ';kelqUnj&vki rks dkQh fnuksa rd ehfM;k
ls tq M +s jgs gS a] D;k ehfM;k ds rkS j rjhdksa esa vkius
cnyko ns[kk gS\

ifjdYiuk le;

eqnkz jk{kl&ugha] esjh ut+jksa esa ehfM;k geskk gh lkankf;d

jgk gSA ;kuh eqfLye laLfr ds fo#)A nwljs] ehfM;k esa] [kkl
rkSj ij vkdkkok.kh vkSj nwjnkZu esa djhc 70 Qhlnh cM+s vkfVZLV
nfyr Fks] ysfdu mUgha dh gkyr lcls T;knk [kjkc FkhA fdruh
Hkh dksfkk dj yhft, mudks igpku ugha feyrh FkhA geus cgqr
la?k"kZ fd;k rks bruk gqvk fd pyks 25 Qhlnh kseksku ns nsaxsA
ysfdu blds ckn dksbZ kseksku ugha gqvkA ,d kseksku esa thou
chr x;k] rks bl rjg ls ogk dk ekgkSy oafpr leqnk; ds i{k
esa ugha FkkA ,slk ugha Fkk fd mldh fgLlsnkjh gks ldsA tks nfyr
ij rd igqpk Fkk oks Hkh czk.koknh gksdj gh ij igqp ik;kA
gkyr ,slh Fkh fd vkdkkok.kh esa rc nwjnkZu vkSj vkdkkok.kh
,d gh Fks ,d ve`rjko fkans FksA os fMIVh Mk;jsDVj tujy rd
rks cu x,] fQj budks Mk;jsDVj tujy cuk;k tkuk FkkA ckdh
lkjs fMIVh Mk;jsDVj tujy us l[r fojks/k fd;kA lkalnksa rd
ls fkdk;rsa dha fd mUgsa u cuk;k tk,A geus fojks/k djus okyksa
ls ckr fd;k fd D;k fnDdr gS] rqe yksx fojks/k D;ksa dj jgs gks\
og lhfu;j eksLV gS rks mldks cuuk pkfg,] rks mudk dguk Fkk
fd ;kj rqe le>rs ugha gks] ;s nfyr gS vkSj vHkh bldh ukSdjh
6 lky ckdh gSA ;s Ng lky rd bl in ij jgsxkA eSus dgk
fd nwljs dbZ yksx rks yacs vjls rd jgs gS]a ysfdu os fQj Hkh ugha
ekusA blds ckn fkans dks ,DlVuZy vQs;j fefuLVh esa dgha
Mk;jsDVj tujy cukdj Hkst fn;k x;kA tc muds rhu lky
gks x, rc mudks czkMdkfLVax esa yk;k x;k] rkfd os rhu lky
gh bl in ij jgsaA
twu&2013
(13)

L;kg&lQsn

&uoy fdkksj dq e kj

[krjs esa gS sl dh vkT+kknh] dfg, vky bt osy

yksdra= dh ,d cgqr cM+h [kkfl;r gksrh gS vksj vtqZu lsu xqIrk viuh fjiksVZ esa dgrs gSa fd 77 Qhlnh vkcknh

cgqer dh jktuhfrA bls bl 'kklu i)fr dh [kkfl;r Hkh dgk jkstkuk 20 #i;s ls Hkh de esa viuk xqtkjk djrh gSA vc loky
tk ldrk gS vkSj lcls cM+k voxq.k HkhA [kkfl;r bl ek;us esa fd mBrk gS fd nsk dh leL;k, ?kVus ds ctk, c<+h gSAa tula[;k
blesa rkukkkg cuus dh dksbZ xqt
a kbk ugha gksrhA foks"kdj Hkkjr c<+us ds lkFk gh lalk/kuksa dk nksgu Hkh c<+k gSA ftrus dkuwu cus
tSls nsk esa tgk gj nl fdyksehVj dh nwjh ij Hkk"kk vkSj ikuh cny gS]a mlh fglkc ls Hkz"Vkpkj djus ds rjhds Hkh c<s+ gSAa nsk esa vius
tkrh gks] ogk fdlh ds rkukkkg cuus dh dksbZ mEehn gks gh ugha v/khu vkus okys Hkw[kaM esa jkejkT; dh LFkkiuk dj fn;k gS] rks yksx
as As vkf[kj D;ks\a ;gh loky egRoiw.kZ gS fd
ldrhA vyx&vyx Hkk"kk vkSj vyx&vyx ikuh ds dkj.k yksxksa mldh ckr ij glx
vkf[kj
D;ks
a
bl
ns

k
dh turk dk fookl yksdra= ds lHkh LraHkksa
dh lksp Hkh vyx gh gksrh gSA lksp esa fofo/krkvksa ds ckotwn gekjs
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nsk esa yksdra= dh tM+as xgjh gqbZ gSAa Hkkjr ds fokky Hkw[kaM ds ,d
NksVs ls fgLls esa cSBdj bl nsk dh yksdra= ij ckrsa djrs gq, eSa gSAa ;g ckr dsoy eSa dg jgk gw ;k fQj nsk dk dksbZ vke ukxfjd
;g fy[kus dk nqLlkgl dj jgk gw fd yksdra= esa cgqer dh dgrk gks] ,slk ugha gSA vc rks nsk ds ,d cgqr cM+s usrk tn;w ds
jktuhfr vR;ar gh [krjukd gSA ;g u dsoy nsk dh laHkqrk ds jk"Vh; v/;{k 'kjn ;kno us Hkh bl ckr dks dg fn;kA /kkuea=h
fy, [krjukd gS] cfYd blus nskokfl;ksa dk thuk gjke dj fn;k MkW- eueksgu flag bZekunkj gS]a ysfdu buds bnZ&fxnZ okys yksx
gSA vke vkneh dh fuxkg ls nsf[k, rks ;k rks gj pht cqjh gS ;k Hkz"V gSAa ets dh ckr ;g fd vc yksx ;g Hkh dgus yxs gSa fd vUuk
fQj gj pht vPNh gSA vPNh blfy, fd vc pepekrh lM+dksa ij bZekunkj gS]a ysfdu muds lg;ksfx;ksa dh bZekunkjh lafnX/k gSA
pyuk fdls vPNk ugha yxsxkA 'kgjksa esa ph&ph bekjrsa vkSj U;k;ikfydk ij ls yksxksa dk Hkjkslk ml le; mB tkrk gS] tc Hkjh
lM+dksa ij yXtjh xkfM+;k ns[kdj ,slk dkSu gksxk] ftldk th ugha vnkyr esa iskdkj yksxksa ls iSls ysrk gS vkSj fQj eqdnes dh rkjh[k
yypk,xkA Vsyhfotu ij utj vkus okyk mkstd ; Hkyk fdl vkxs c<+ok nsrk gSA ;g lc tt dh vk[kksa ds lkeus gksrk gSA ifCyd
uo;qod dks ukxokj xqtjsxkA ,slk dkSu lk euq"; gksxk] ftls lc ns[krh gSA gn rks rc gks tkrh gS tc ,d tt fdlh dks eqtfje
Hkz"Vkpkj ds f[kykQ lquus esa vPNk ugha yxsxkA ysfdu loky djkj nsrk gS vkSj mlh eqtfje dks dksbZ nwljk tt pfj=oku djkj
cgqer dk gSA vkt nsk ds cgql[a ;dksa ds fnu nqfnZu gks pqds gSAa nsrk gSA vkf[kj ttksa ds fu.kZ;ksa esa ,d:irk D;ksa ugha gksrhA vHkh
ge ftu cgql[a ;dksa dh ckr dj jgs gS]a os egkRek xka/kh dh utjksa fiNys gh lky vk;ks/;k okys ekeys esa rhu ttksa us vyx&vyx
s u vkSj
esa vlyh Hkkjr ds fuoklh gSAa ;kuh os xko ds gSAa tux.kuk ds fu.kZ; fn,A tc lcus ;gh i<+k fd ty dk fuekZ.k gkbMkt
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ljdkj dgrh gS fd mlus lkk dk fodsa hdj.k xkoksa rd dj fn;k
gS vkSj vc xkoksa esa f=&Lrjh; iapk;r O;oLFkk ykxw gSA xkoksa ds vuqeku yxkdj vke turk fny dks rlYyh ns ldrh gS ;k fQj
yksxksa ds fy, de ls de 50 ;kstuk, pykbZ tk jgh gSAa buesa nks&pkj 'kCn cksydj fny dk HkM+kl fudky ldrh gSA jg xbZ ckr
eujsxk dks mnkgj.k ds #i esa fy;k tk ldrk gSA /kkuea=h xzke i=dkfjrk dhA i=dkjksa dh i=dkfjrk ij vc dsoy loky ugha
+ j lHkh vke turk dh utjksa esa nyky
lM+d ;kstuk vkSj /kkuea=h Lo.kZ t;arh jkstxkj ;kstuk dks Hkh mBrs] cfYd viokn dks NksMd
'kkfey dj fny dks larks"k djus dh lykg nh tk ldrh gSA ysfdu le>s tkrs gSAa ;g nykyh dHkh jkT;lHkk vFkok yksdlHkk esa lkaln
D;k okdbZ esa gkykr oSls gh gS]a tSlk fd ljdkjsa dg jgh gSAa ,d cuus ds fy, fd;k tkrk gS ;k fQj dHkh py&vpy laifk gkfly
rjQ ljdkjsa dg jgh gSa fd nsk dh thMhih ;kuh ldy ?kjsyw djus ds fy,A dHkh&dHkh fcuk dqN ikus ds fy, Hkh i=dkj nykyh
mRikn nj esa o`f) gks jgh gSA ;kuh nsk [kqkgky gks jgk gS vkSj nwljh djrs gSAa bldk mnkgj.k fcgkj ds v[kckjksa esa ns[kk tk ldrk gSA ;gk
ifjdYiuk le;
twu&2013
(14)

ds gj i=dkj esa ,d nyky clrk gSA dqNd

s mPpdksfV ds i=dkj
gS]a tks vc dsoy blfy, nykyh djrs gSa rkfd mudk uke cM+h
bTtr ds lkFk lkk ds xfy;kjs esa fy;k tk ldsA tc lh,e dk
dk;Ze gks rks lh,e iwN ldsa fd gk veqd HkkbZ] vki dSls gS\a vc
;g vyx ckr gS fd ftudk uke njckfj;ksa ds :i esa 'kqekj gksrk gS]
os cspkjs fcuk nykyh fd, gh nyky cu tkrs gSAa vf/kdkak ekeyksa
esa ;s nyky lh,e ds ctk, muds O;fRo ds nyky gksrs gSAa budh
u rks dksbZ fopkj/kkjk gksrh gS vkSj u gh dksbZ le>A eryc ;g fd
;fn vkt ds nkSj esa fcgkj ds eq[;ea=h fnu dks jkr dg nsa rks v[kckj
okys HkkbZ&ca/kq fnu dks jkr lkfcr djus ds fy, fnu&jkr ,d dj
nsx
a As vHkh gky gh esa fcgkj dkQh ppsZ esa jgkA ppsZ dh otg ;g fd
lwcs ds eqf[k;k ds }kjk fy, x, ,d fu.kZ; ds dkj.k ,d Hkz"V vkbZ,-,l- ds ?kj ij dCtk dj fy;k x;k vkSj lquk gS fd vc ml ?kj
esa Ldwy [kksyk tk,xkA vc lwcs ds v[kckjksa us vkxs c<+dj fy[kuk
'kq: dj fn;k gS fd HkkbZ ;g rks foy{k.k ?kVuk gSA ,slk igys dHkh
ugha gqvkA tcfd gdhdr ;g gS fd blds lkjs ko/kku Hkz"Vkpkj
fuokj.k vf/kfu;e 1988 esa gh fd, x, vkSj og Hkh Hkkjr ljdkj }kjkA
ysfdu fcgkj ds i=dkj ca/kq bl ckr dks chp esa gh nck nsrs gSAa ;s
dgrs gSa fd pwf d fcgkj us bl dkuwu dks ykxw fd;k] blfy, bldk
Js; uhrhk dqekj dks tkrk gSA vc tjk dksbZ bu i=dkj ca/kqvksa ls
iwNs fd vkf[kj D;k otg gS fd bl jkT; esa ds-lsfa Fky dqekj tSlk
vkbZ-,-,l- vf/kdkjh vkt Hkh ckcw cuk gqvk gSA vkf[kj D;k otg gS
fd ,d ntZu ls vf/kd vkbZ-,-,l- vkSj vkbZ-ih-,l- vf/kdkfj;ksa ij
dkuwu rksMu+ s ds xaHkhj vkjksi yafcr gSa vkSj blds ckotwn os ekuuh;
cus gq, gSAa bldk ,d mnkgj.k ;g fd jkT; ds eq[; lwpuk vk;q
vkksd dqekj pkS/kjh ij yk[kksa #i;k fjor fy, tkus dk ekeyk
yafcr Fkk vkSj blds ckotwn fcgkj ljdkj mu ij fny [kksydj
esgjcku gS\
loky ;g gS fd i=dkj djsa Hkh rks D;k djsAa ljdkj ds
f[kykQ [kcj fy[kus dh ltk feyrh gSA v[kckj dk laiknd
eksgjk cudj vius i=dkj dks ukSdjh ls fudky nsrk gSA vHkh gky
gh esa ,d yksdf; U;wt pSuy ds C;wjks phQ lfgr nks lhfu;j
i=dkjksa dks dsoy blfy, ukSdjh ls fudky fn;k x;k fd os turk
dks lp fn[kkrs FksA i=dkj dh viuh ftanxh Hkh gksrh gSA choh vkSj
cPps gksrs gSAa mu ij Hkh ftEesnkjh gksrh gSA cspkjs djsa rks Hkh D;k
djsAa vke turk dk Hkh dksbZ dlwj ughaA vHkh gky gh esa fcgkj dh
turk us ;g lp viuh vk[kksa ls ns[kk fd Qkjfclxat ds Hktuiqj
xko ds ,d O;f dh ykk ij ,d iqfyl okyk dwn jgk FkkA feyh
tkudkjh ds vuqlkj ftl i=dkj HkkbZ us ;g ohfM;ks fDyi
txtkfgj fd;k] mlds vius v[kckj okys us ml rLohj dks vius
;gk ugha NkikA cspkjs dh ukSdjh cph gS] ;gh xuher gSA gkykfd
og i=dkj ukSdjh ugha djrk] cfYd eqQfLly dk i=dkj gSA mls
ixkj ugha feyrhA blfy, ca/ku dks dksbZ fpark ugha gSA dbZ nQk
yksx eq>ls loky djrs gSa fd HkkbZ uoy] tc lkjs v[kckj okys
uhrhk dqekj ds uke ij t;dkjk yxkrs gSa rks fQj vkidk viuk
fcgkj tgj D;ksa mxyrk gS\ eSa ;g loky [kM+k djus okyksa ds
fopkjksa ls lger gwA fcgkj esa lM+das cuha rks ^viuk fcgkj* us fy[kk
fd lM+dksa ds fuekZ.k esa ywV eph gSA vHkh gky gh esa fcgkj jkT;
iqy fuekZ.k fuxe ds funskd vkbZ-,-,l- vf/kdkjh dks jk"Vh; Lrj
dk lEeku gkfly gqvkA ^viuk fcgkj* us fy[kk fd 19 fnu Hkh ugha

ifjdYiuk le;

fVd ldk 19 djksM+ dk iqyA fcgkj ljdkj ds eqf[k;k uhrhk dqekj

us 15 vxLr dks lwcs esa lsok dk vf/kdkj dkuwu ykxw djus dh
?kks"k.kk dhA viuk fcgkj us cgqr igys gh fy[kk Fkk fd blls
djIku ;kuh Hkz"Vkpkj dk lao/S kkfudj.k gks tk,xkA bl lPpkbZ dks
ns[kuk gS rks fdlh Hkh ljdkjh nrj esa pys tkb,A yksx ;g
lkspdj tkrs gSa fd vc ?kwl ugha nsuk iM+x
s kA tkudkjh ;g feyrh
gS fd le; iwjk gksus ij vkidk dke dj fn;k tk,xkA ckn esa
ekywe gksrk gS fd veqd dkj.k ls vkidk dke ugha gks ldkA tcfd
ckcwvksa dks pk; ikuh vkSj tsc xeZ dj nhft, rks fQj vkidk dke
,d ;k nks fnuksa esa gh gks tk,xkA bldk ,d vkSj mnkgj.k Fkkus esa
nsf[k,A vHkh gky gh esa cDlj ftys ds U;w Mqejko Fkkus esa 22 tqykbZ
dks vijkf/k;ksa us ,d eklwe cPph ds lkFk lkewfgd cykRdkj dj
mls v)ZuXu voLFkk esa iwjs xko esa ?kqek fn;kA cPph ds ifjtuksa us
Fkkus esa fkdk;r ntZ djkuk pkgkA Fkkus esa ekStnw vf/kdkjh us
MkVdj Hkxk fn;kA fQj ckn esa tc lekt ds dqN tkx:d yksxksa
us lksky iSjoh dh rks kFkfedh ntZ dj yh xbZA blds ckn dh
dgkuh ;g gS fd eklwc cPph ds lkFk xSxa jsi djus okys yksx dkuwu
dh fxjr ls ckgj gSAa loky ;g gS fd vkf[kj ehfM;k dk pfj=
,slk D;ksa gks x;k gSA esjs dqN fe= dgrs gSa fd ;g lc foKkiu dh
ek;k gSA ysfdu okLrfodrk ;g gS fd dsoy foKkiuksa ds fy, dksbZ
v[kckj viuk tehj ugha csp ldrkA gj fdlh ds ikl viuk ,d
fny gS vkSj bDdhloha lnh dk fny geskk ;s fny ekxs eksj ds ukjs
yxkrk gSA fcgkj ljdkj us lwcs dh ehfM;k dks [kjhn fy;k gS og Hkh
foKkiu ds cwrAs ;g ckr ljklj xyr gSA ;g lgh gS fd foKkiu
ds yksHk us v[kckjksa dks viuk pfj= cnyus ij etcwj dj fn;k gSA
,d v[kckj gS ftldk Lyksxu gS fcgkj tkxs] nsk tkxsA vc bl
v[kckj ds uhfr fu/kkZjdksa dh uhfr vkSj uh;r esa [kksV gS fd HkkbZ Hkkjr
dk fodkl rks fcgkj ds xjhc jgus ij Hkh gqvk gSA fcgkj ds vehj gksus
ls xqtjkr dSls vehj jg ik,xkA ;g lkspus dh ckr gSA ysfdu lh,e
dh nykyh djuh gS] blfy, Lyksxu cny fn;k x;kA cgjgky] esjs
;s fopkj fo/kok foyki dh Js.kh esa ugha vkrsA eSa tkxh vk[kksa ls lius
ns[krk gwA gj jkr ds ckn ,d fnu vkrk gSA blh dkj fcgkj esa sl
ij yxh v?kksf"kr lsl
a jfki dk Hkh [kkRek gksuk r; gSA ,d ikfdLrkuh
'kk;j us Bhd gh dgk gS fd [katj cdQ [kM+s gSa xqykekus&,&eqra ftj]
vkdk dHkh rks fudysaxs vius fglkj lsA fcgkj ljdkj rkukkkg gks
pqdh gSA vc blds fnu Hkh ynus okys gSAa ysfdu lcls cM+k loky
;g gS fd vkf[kj turk D;ksa xyr lquuk] xyr i<+uk vkSj xyr
[kcj ns[kuk ilan djrh gS\ D;ksa ugha nsk dh turk ;g dgus dk
lkgl djrh gS fd rqeus ;s ckr dSls dg nhA vkf[kj turk gh rks
bl nsk esa tuknZu gSA [kqkh dh ckr ;g gS fd nsk dk cgql[a ;d
fiNM+k vkSj nfyr vkcknh vc tkxus yxh gSA bldk vlj rks lekt
esa fn[ksxk ghA pkgs og vlj vHkh udkjkRed gks ;k fQj ldkjkRedA
i=dkfjrk vius fy, eqdke [kqn rykksxh vkSj ,d fnu vk,xk tc
fcgkj ds v[kckj okys fcuk fdlh Hk; ds fy[ksx
a As rc u dksbZ nyky
gksxk vkSj u gh dksbZ eaxfu;k ,tsVa A ysfdu blesa le; yxsxk vkSj
;kn jf[k, xq#ukud lkgc us dgk Fkk fd lcz dk Qy geskk ehBk
gh gksrk gSA blfy, csgrjh blh esa gS fd HkkbZ vky bt osy dgk tk,A
;g dgus ls liuk Hkkoghu ugha gksxkA blds vykok blesa ldkjkRedrk
gksxhA blfy, iwjs fookl ds lkFk dfg,& vky bt osyA

twu&2013

(15)

ifjdYiuk le;

twu&2013

(16)

flusek

&jfojkt iVsy

;w cuh igyh Hkkstiqjh fQYe&^xaxk eS;k rksgas fi;jh p<+bcks

;g cy ,oa ekf.kr vo/kkj.kk gS fd flusek lekt dk jgh FkhA os blh ckr dks /;ku esa j[k dj ,d dgkuh ij dke Hkh
vkbZuk gksrk gSA bl vkbZus esa vkSj Hkh Li"V frNk;k cus] blds dj jgs FksA [kSj] lekjksg esa jktsa ckcw us uthj lkgc dks viuh
fy, ,d lgt lEs"k.kkhy Hkk"kk dh vko;drk le>h tkrh gSA 'kqHkdkeuk, nhA
uthj gqlSu ,d pfj= vfHkusrk ds lkFk&lkFk [+;kfryC/k
,d ,slh Hkk"kk ftlesa gj nkZd viuh lks/a kh ekVh dh egd vklkuh
ls eglwl dj ml fp= esa fefJr gks ldsA Hkkjrh; flusek ikp funsZkd foey j; ds eq[; lgk;d ,oa ,-vkj- dkjnkj ds lkFk
nkd dk Lof.kZe lQj r; dj pqdk FkkA bl vof/k rd fQfYeLrku esa crkSj ys[kd Hkh lEc) FksA xzkeh.k i`"BHkwfe esa
mkj&iwoZ dh yksdf; Hkk"kk Hkkstiqjh] flusek tSls lk ek/;e iys&c<s+ gksus ds dkj.k xzkE;cks/k dh dwV muds jxksa esa FkhA vius
rd viuh igqp ugha cuk ikbZ FkhA ysfdu bldh dYiuk ml blh cks/k ls lqUnj] lks/a kh lkps esa ,d ,slh dgkuh dks vkdkj fn;k]
le; ls gksrh jgh] tc fgUnh flusek fdkksjkoLFkk ls fudy dj ftls lqurs gh Hkkstiqjh ifjosk esa ;q fook ifjfLFkfr;ks]a leL;kvks]a
;qokoLFkk esa osk gh dj jgk FkkA ,sfrgkfld rF;ksa dks ekusa rks osnukvksa ,oa rfik dh thrh&tkxrh rLohj ekywe iM+rh FkhA bl
Hkkstiqjh flusek dk [k+;ky lcls igys tuckbZ ekgwj vnkdkjk ij iVdFkk ,oa laokn fy[kdj dej dlk vkSj fudy iM+s fuekZrk
ujfxl dh ek ds tgu esa vk;k FkkA bl dM+h esa [;kr vfHkusrk ds rykk esaA ysfdu Hkkstiqjh Hkk"kk esa fQYe cukus ds fy, dksbZ
dUgS;kyky dk Hkh uke vkrk gSA dUgS;kyky cukjl ds Fks rFkk Hkh rS;kj ugha gqvkA bl [kkst esa vfHkusrk vlhe dqekj dk Hkh
cEcbZ fQYe m|ksx esa frf"Br ,oa foy{k.k dykdkj ds :i esa lfEefyr ;kl tkjh FkkA foey j; dh fQYeksa esa ,d lkFk dke
mudh igpku FkhA ysfdu nksuksa dh dld v/kwjh jg xbZA dkj.k djus ,oa cukjl dk gksus ds ukrs nksuksa esa xgu nksLrh FkhA ;gh
Fkh] budh futh lhek, vkSj mezxr fookrk,A lu~ 1950 ds otg Fkh fd fQYe esa eq[; vfHkusrk vlhe dqekj gh gksaxs] nksuksa
mkjk)Z esa cEcbZ esa ,d fQYe iqjLdkj lekjksg vk;ksftr gqvk esa ;g vVy oknk mlh le; gks x;k FkkA o"kksaZ chr x, ysfdu
FkkA bl lekjksg esa crkSj eq[; vfrfFk x.kra= Hkkjr ds rRdkyhu dksbZ Hkh fuekZrk Hkkstiqjh esa ubZ yhd x<+us dh fgEer u tqVk
Fke fuokZfpr jk"Vifr M- jktsU lkn mifLFkr gq, FksA blh ldkA funsZkd foey j; dks ;g dgkuh csgn ilUn FkhA ysfdu
dk;Ze dks lEcksf/kr djrs gq, mUgksaus dgk Fkk&^esjh ekr` Hkk"kk mUgksaus Hkh bls Hkkstiqjh esa u cuk dj fgUnh esa cukus dh iskdk
Hkkstiqjh gSA gkykfd lkfgfR;d f"V ls mruh le`) rks ugha dh] ijUrq /kS;Zoku vkSj vius Hkk"kk&se esa fook uthj gqlSu bl
ysfdu lkaLfrd fofo/krk ls ifjiw.kZ cgqr gh I;kjh Hkk"kk gSA vxj lEekutud Lrko dh d djrs gq, muds Lrko ij vlgefr
vki fQYedkjksa dh igy bl vksj Hkh gks] rks lcls T;knk [kqkh trk nhA yxkrkj Hkk"kk ls le>kSrk dj ysus ,oa udkjkRed lq>ko
eq>s gksxhA mudk ;g fopkj lqu dj mifLFkr dbZ fQYedkjksa esa ds okotwn viuk gkSlyk cqyUn j[kkA dHkh&dHkh uthj lkgc
lqxcqxkgV rks gqbZ] fdUrq lcls vf/kd m}sfyr tks gq,] os Fks dgrs Fks&Qb fQfyfe;k pkgs tfg;k cuh] ckfd cuh r Hkkstiqfj;s
Hkkstiqjh ekVh ds [kkVh yky] m0iz0 ds xkthiqj fuoklh ,oa pfj= esa*A
,d fnu vpkud uthj gqlSu ls feyus ,d ,sls lTtu
vfHkusrk uthj gqlSuA uthj lkgc mUgsa lqu dj csgn mRsfjr gq,
FksA urhtru] mlh lHkk esa jktsU ckcw ls fey dj mUgksaus ;g iq#"k vkrs gSa] tks tuckbZ ls sfjr gksdj [kqn gh Hkkstiqjh fQYe
vkoLr fd;k fd lef>, ge bl fnkk esa ;Rukhy gks x, gSaA ds lw=/kkj cuus ds dYiukyksd esa iwjh rjg [kks, gq, FksA os Fks
uthj lkgc ds eu esa igys ls gh Hkkstiqjh dks ysdj dqN ckrsa py eqaxsj] fcgkj fuoklh cPpkyky iVsyA ;w rks iVsy us ^yadkngu*
ifjdYiuk le;
twu&2013
(17)

tSlh dqN ikSjkf.kd fQYeksa esa vfHku; Hkh fd;k Fkk] ysfdu ewyr%
os fQYeksa ds fuekZ.k] cU/ku] fu;a=.k vkSj forj.k dk;ksaZ ls
lEcfU/kr FksA blfy, fcgkj vkSj caxky ds dbZ fQYe forjdksa ls
mudh vPNh tku&igpku FkhA cEcbZ esa uthj gqlSu dh Hkkstiqjh
dgkuh dh ppkZ gh mUgsa mu rd [khap ykbZ FkhA mUgksus dgkuh
lquh vkSj ilUn Hkh dj fy;kA ckotwn blds] ckr vkxs ugha c<+
ikbZ] D;ksafd iwjh fQYe cukus yk;d iwth cPpk yky iVsy ds
ikl ugha FkhA blh njE;ku 1 tuojh] 1961 dks ,d fQYe vkbZ
^xaxk tequk*A bl fQYe esa vo/kh laoknksa dk ;ksx FkkA fgUnh
flusek ds bfrgkl esa ;g igyh ckj gqvk FkkA ;g fQYe O;kid
lQy gqbZ FkhA blds fuekZrk fnyhi dqekj ds HkkbZ ukflj [kk ,oa
funsZkd fufru cksl FksA fnyhi dqekj ,oa oSt;Urh ekyk ds lkFk
uthj gqlSu us Hkh bl fQYe esa vfHku; fd;k FkkA ^xaxk tequk*
us ;g fookl dk;e dj fn;k Fkk fd vxj dksbZ mkj Hkkjrh;
cksfy;ksa&Hkk"kkvks esa Hkh fQYesa cuk,] rks og ?kkVs dk lkSnk ugha
gksxkA brus lQy mnkgj.k ds ckotwn uthj gqlSu ds lkFk dksbZ
Hkh [kM+k gksus dks rS;kj ugha gqvkA ;g fgEer vkSj fgekdr ftl
O;f us fn[kkbZ og fxfjMhg rRdkyhu fcgkj ds dks;yk O;olk;h
fooukFk lkn 'kkgkcknh FksA 'kkgkcknh th rRdkyhu jk"Vifr MjktsU lkn ds djhch] leFkZd vkSj fe=ksa esa ls ,d FksA nksuksa ds
chp gqbZ ,d eqykdkr esa vuk;kl fQYeh ckrphr 'kq: gks xbZA
ckrphr ds e esa jktsU ckcw us o"kksaZ igys cEcbZ esa uthj gqlSu
ls gqbZ HksaV vkSj Hkkstiqjh fQYe ds fuekZ.k ds ladYi dh ppkZ Hkh
dhA 'kkgkcknh th iDds ,oa lPps Hkkstiqfj;k balku Fks] ij ls
jktsU ckcw ds O;fRo ds eqjhn vkSj vkfFkZd :i ls Hkh lEiUu
O;f FksA 'kkgkcknh th us mlh oDr ;g QSlyk dj fy;k fd
cgqr tYn gh cEcbZ tkdj uthj gqlSu ls feysaxsA mUgsa uthj
gqluS dk cEcbZ dk irk&fBdkuk ekywe ugha Fkk] fQj Hkh lu 1961
ds o"kkaZr esa ,d fnu vius ,d fe= ds lkFk cEcbZ ds fy, jokuk
gq,A nknj fLFkr fQYeh dykdkjksa ds esy&feyki ds fy, pfpZr
hre gksVy esa BgjsA ;gk igqp dj uthj lkgc dks <w<uk 'kq:
fd;kA vUrr% gksVy ds ikl fLFkr ,d fQYe LVwfM;ks esa nksuksa dh
HksVa gqbZA 'kkgkcknh th dk ;kstu lqu uthj lkgc dh [kqkh dk
fBdkuk u jgkA eqykdkr ds vxys gh fnu mlh hre gksVy ds
,d dejs esa nksuksa dh cSBd gqbZA uthj lkgc us mUgsa dgkuh
lqukbZA lqurs gh 'kkgkcknh th us uthj lkgc dks gjh >aMh ns nhA
mlh gksVy esa uthj lkgc us ,d uo ;qod dqUnu dqekj dk
ifjp; djk;k] ftUgsa fQYe ds funsZku dk nkf;Ro fn;k x;kA
grk&nl fnuksa dk le; yxk gksxk] ftlesa yxHkx
dykdkjksa dk p;u ,oa 'kwfVax LFky r; djus ds ckn bl ij dqy
ctV ,d yk[k ipkl gtkj :i;s r; fd;k x;kA fdUrq fQYe iwjh
gksus rd ;g ctV iwoZ fu/kkZfjr ls rhu xquk ls Hkh vf/kd ;kuh ikp
yk[k :i;s rd igqp x;k FkkA eqdEey rS;kjh ds ipkr 16
Qjojh] 1962 dks fcgkj ds rRdkyhu fk{kk ea=h lR;sU ukjk;.k
flUgk ,oa mudh /keZiRuh fdkksjh flUgk th dh mifLFkfr esa bl
fQYe dk eqgrw Z iVuk fLFkr 'kghn Lekjd ifjlj esa lEiUu gqvkA
bl volj ij fQYe dh ukf;dk vfHkus=h dqedqe ds lkFk pfj=
vfHkusrk uthj gqlSu vkSj uk;d vlhe dqekj ds ,d NksVs ls ;
dk fQYekadu gqvkA blds ckn fQYe dh dqNd
s vkmVMksj 'kwfVax
eusj iVuk esa gqbZ] ftlesa iapk;r] rkM+h[kkuk fujky; rFkk

ifjdYiuk le;

ikydh vkfn ;ksa dks fQYek;k x;kA ogha okjk.klh esa xaxk?kkV]
dchj pkSjk] pkSd vkfn ds vykok xkthiqj esa Hkh fQYe ds dqN
egoiw.kZ ;ksa dks dSejs esa lesVk x;kA vf/kdkak 'kwfVax cEcbZ ds
dkk rFkk JhdkUr LVwfM;ks esa dh xbZA
Hkkstiqjh dh bl igyh fQYe dks cuus esa dqy vof/k
yxHkx ,d o"kZ yxh FkhA iwjh rjg ls rS;kj fQYe dks fuekZrk
fooukFk lkn 'kkgkcknh us 21 Qjojh] 1963 dks rRdkyhu jk"Vifr
nskjRu M- jktsU lkn dks iVuk ds lnkdr vkJe esa lefiZr
fd;kA ;kuh 21 Qjojh] 1963 dks bl fQYe dk mn~?kkVu lekjksg
le>k x;kA blds ,d fnu ckn vFkkZr 22 Qjojh] 1963 dks fQYe
dk ,d hfe;j 'kks iVuk ds oh.kk flusek esa j[kk x;kA ysfdu blds
O;kolkf;d nkZu dh 'kq#vkr 4 vSy] 1963 dks okjk.klh ds
dkk Vdht vc cUn gks pqdk gS ls gqbZA 21 Qjojh ls 4 vSy
ds chp ,drkyhl fnuksa dh vof/k dk vUrj blfy, vk;k fd mUgha
fnuksa M- jktsU ckcw vLoLFk gks x, FksA vLoLFkrk dh fLFkfr esa gh
mUgksus 25 Qjojh] 1963 dks bl fQYe ds fuekZ.k ij iwjs ny dks
c/kkbZ&i= Hkstk FkkA blh nkSjku mUgksua s chekj jgrs gq, Hkh 1 ekpZ]
1963 dks fQYe ds reke dykdkjksa ls feyus dk dk;Ze r; fd;k
FkkA ysfdu gksuh dks dqN vkSj gh eatjw Fkk] bl fu/kkZfjr frfFk ds Bhd
,d fnu iwoZ ;kuh 28 Qjojh] 1963 dks gh mudh g`n;xfr #d xbZ
vkSj os vejRo dks kIr dj x,A
igyh Hkkstiqjh fQYe dh O;kolkf;d 'kq#vkr nsoHkwfe
okjk.klh ls gqbZ vkSj bldh xwt
foo Hkj esa xqt
a k;eku gqbZA dqedqe
dh d#.kk] vlhe dk vfHku;] uthj ds eqjhn dkSu ugha gq,\ ogha]
bl fQYe esa 'kSyas ds xhr vkSj fp=xqIr ds laxhr us Hkh yksxksa dks
dHkh Hkkofooy fd;k rks dHkh [kwc f[kyf[kyk;kA R;{knkhZ dgrs
gSa fd okjk.klh ds dkk Vdht esa rks jkr&fnu esys tSlk ;
cuk jgrk FkkA yksx nwj&njkt ls [kkuk] fcNkou ds lkFk ,d fnu
iwoZ gh Vdht ifjlj esa Msjk tek nsrs FksA ml le; ,d ubZ
dgkor Hkh py iM+h Fkh& xaxk ugk] ckck fclukFk njlu djk] xaxk
eS;k ns[kk] rc ?kjs tkA bldh lUnskkRed yksdf;rk ,oa vkd"kZ.k
dk gh frQy dgsa fd rRdkyhu dsUh; fonsk ,oa x`gea=h
ykycgknqj 'kkL=h th ckn esa nsk ds f}rh; /kkuea=h cus] dsUh;
lwpuk ,oa lkj.k rFkk lalnh; dk;Ze=
a h lR;ukjk;.k flUgk th ,oa
ifjogu ea=h txthou jke th tSlh foHkwfr us Hkh bls ns[kus dh
bPNk tkfgj dh FkhA Qyr% 11 vDVwcj] 1963 dks fnYyh ds xksypk
flusek esa fQYe ds foks"k nkZu dk vk;kstu fd;k x;kA fQYe dh
dgkuh bruh Hkkodkjh vkSj g`n; fonkjd Fkh fd nkZu ds nkSjku
'kkL=h th dh vk[ks ue gks xbZa FkhA Hkkstiqjh Hkk"kk esa cuh ;g igyh
fQYe xaxk eS;k rksgs fi;jh p<+bcks us fdlh Hkh vU; Hkk"kkvksa ds
eqdkcys esa de lQyrk ,oa yksdf;rk gkfly ugha dh Fkh] cfYd
lekt esa ngst] csey
s fookg] fo/kok fookg] lkeUrh fopkjks]a lwn[kksjh]
vfk{kk] lkekftd ftEesnkjh rFkk vU/kfookl ijEijkvksa ls mRiUu
lkekftd leL;kvksa dk ,d lgh vkSj laons ukhy fp= mifLFkr
gqvkA

twu&2013

ys[kd Hkkjrh; flusek ds kjafHkd ;ksx ,oa

k:i ,oa Hkkstiqjh flusek ij 'kks/kjr] flus
lkslkbVh] iVuk ds ehfM;k ca/kd] Lora=
MkWD;qesaVh ,oa y?kq fQYedkj rFkk ;qok fQYe
i=dkj gSa&lEidZ % 09470402200
(18)

ifjdYiuk le;

twu&2013

(19)

eq[; dFkk

&jk.kk vo/kwr dq ekj

;g dSlk U;k; ds lkFk fodkl\

U;k; ds lkFk fodkl] lquus esa rks ;g tqeyk vPNk c<+kA ysfdu ge ;gk ppkZ xko dh lqj{kk ds fy, fu;qDr
yxrk gS] ysfdu bls vke turk ds fy, O;kogkfjd cukuk 'kk;n
mruk gh dfBu gSA fcgkj esa bu fnuksa ljdkjh Lrj ij bl tqeys
dk iz;ksx eq[;ea=h ls ysdj reke ea=h] fo/kk;d ,oa vf/kdkjh
rd dj jgs gSaA vc gdhdr esa D;k fLFkfr gS ;g tkuuk Hkh
fnypLi gSA oSls rks dqN foHkkxksa esa mYys[kuh; dk;Z gq, gSaA
ysfdu bl nkSjku Hkz"Vkpkj dk Lrj Hkh

^^uDlyh leL;k ls foks"k #i ls

xzflr ftyksa esa vkijkf/kd xfrfof/k;ksa dks
jksdus vkSj xkoksa esa veu&pSu vkSj
'kkafr&O;oLFkk dk;e j[kus esa xzke j{kk
ny dk csgrj bLrseky fd;k tk ldrk
gSA cnyrs nkSj esa budks etcwrh iznku
djuk Js;Ldj gksxkA foks"kdj igkM+h
bykdksa vkSj lhekorhZ ftyksa ds xkoksa esa
vijk/k fu;a=.k vkSj izkd`frd vkinkvksa ls fucVus esa budh Hkwfedk
dkQh dkjxj vkSj egRoiw.kZ lkfcr gks ldrh gSA ;fn bUgsa mfpr
izfk{k.k vkSj lqfo/kk nh tk, rks xko ds ;s onhZ/kkjh vijk/keqDr
lekt ds fuekZ.k esa viuh vge Hkwfedk vnk dj ldrs gSAa ljdkj
pkgs rks blls iqfyl ij c<+rk vuko;d cks> Hkh de gks ldrk
gS] xzke j{kk ny dks vf/kdkj laiUu cuk dj bUgsa izfk{k.k nsdj
iqfyflax ds dk;ksZa esa Hkh yxk;k tk ldrk gS tks vijk/k fu;a=.k
ds fy, ,d ldkjkRed dne gksxkA**
&lqJh gjizhr dkSj] iqfyl v/kh{kd] tgkukckn

ifjdYiuk le;

flikfg;ksa dh djsaxAs xko ds flikgh ;kuh xzke j{kk ny] ftl ij

lqj{kk dh izkFkfed ftEesokjh gksrh gSA
1946&47 ds nkSjku tc vktknh ds ckn ds fganqLrku dh
#ijs[kk rS;kj gks jgh Fkh rks 'kklu&O;oLFkk dks lqpk# <ax ls pykus
ds fy, xka/kh th us vktkn fganqLrku esa 'kklu O;oLFkk ykxw djus
ds fy, dbZ egRoiw.kZ fl)karksa dks js[kkafdr fd;k FkkA egkRek
xka/kh us xzke Lojkt dh ifjdYiuk dh Fkh] ftldk vk/kkj xzke
iapk;r] xzke dpgjh vkSj xzke j{kk ny FkkA xzke iapk;r ftlesa
xkoksa ds fodkl ds fy, ;kstukvksa dks cukus ls ysdj f;kUo;u dk
iwjk ftEek Fkk rks xzke dpgjh esa xko ds ekeyksa dks xko esa gh
lqy>kus dh O;oLFkk FkhA xka/kh th ds izeq[k rhu liuksa esa xzke
iapk;r vkSj xzke dpgjh dk liuk rks iwjk gks x;k ysfdu xkoksa dh
lqj{kk dh ckr vHkh rd v/kwjh jg xbZ gSA ftldk egRo vkt ds
ifjosk esa vkSj vf/kd c<+ x;k gSA xzke j{kk ny dk xBu lqj{kk ds
lkFk xzkeh.k ;qokvksa ds jkstxkj ds fodYi ds #i esa Hkh FkkA gkykfd
le;&le; ij fofHkUu laxBuksa us blds fy, vkokt Hkh cqyna dh
gSA ljdkj us Hkh viuh vksj ls xkoksa dh lqj{kk ds fy, viuh fpark,
tkfgj dh gS ysfdu /kjkry ij buds mRFkku ds fy, Bksl igy
vHkh rd O;kid #i ls ugha gks ldh gS- dqN jkT;ksa esa bldh O;oLFkk
gS Hkh rks ogk eqdEey izfk{k.k ds vHkko esa mudk csgrj mi;ksx ugha
gks ik jgk gSA >kj[kaM] iatkc vkSj vka/kz izns k tSls jkT;ksa esa budh
ekStnw xh dsoy uke Hkj ds fy, gSA gkykfd dsna zh; xzkeh.k fodkl
ea=h t;jke jesk us vc xkoksa dh lqj{kk ds izu dks mBk;k gS vkSj
Lo;a lsodksa ;kuh xko ds flikfg;ksa dks mfpr ekuns; nsus ds lkFk
mUgsa leqfpr izfk{k.k nsus dh ppkZ dj jgs gSA

twu&2013

(20)

vkidks ;g tkudkj csgn vkp;Z gksxk fd fcgkj esa

vdqky etnwjksa dh nSfud etnwjh rks 150 #i;s gS ysfdu
nyifr ;kuh onhZ/kkjh xko ds flikfg;ksa dh ekfld ekuns;
vktknh ds ckn fiNys 64 o"kksZa esa 175 #i;s ij vVdk gSA Xkzke
j{kk ny ds flikfg;ksa dks fiNys ikp nkdksa ls egt 175 #i;s
feyrk gS ekfld ekuns;- xkSjryc gS fd ;g ekuns; fiNys ikp
nkdksa esa txUukFk feJk ds dk;Zdky esa 50 ls 100 vkSj lR;sanz
ukjk;.k flUgk ds eq[;eaf=Ro dky esa 100 ls c<+dj 175 rd
igqpk gSA fcgkj esa gks jgs fodkl dh nsk esa gh ugha cfYd fonskksa
esa ljkguk gks jgh gSA ;g lgh gS fd uhrhk dqekj us vius
'kkludky esa xjhcksa] vlgk;ksa vkSj nkdksa ls gkfk, ij [kM+s
leqnk; dks mBkus dk csgrj iz;kl fd;k gSA xkSj djus okyh ckr
gS fd xzke j{kk ny esa lokZf/kd mUgha oxZ oxksZa ds yksx gSa ftudk
thou Lrj lq/kkjus ds fy, mudh ljdkj lcls T;knk iz;kljr
gSA yk[kksa yksxksa ds Hkfo"; ls tqM+s izu dks vkf[kj dksbZ ljdkj
dSls vuns[kh dj ldrh gSA ,sls izu rks ljdkj ds izeq[k dk;ksZa
esa 'kkfey gksus pkfg, ftlls yk[kksa yksxksa ds thou dk izu tqM+k
gksA blds lkFk gh bu flikfg;ksa dk csgrj bLrseky vijk/k vkSj
uDlyokn tSlh xaHkhj leL;k ds lek/kku esa fd;k tk ldrk gSA
;g rks loZfofnr gS fd uDlfy;ksa ds 'kj.kxkg xko gh gksrs gSalqkklu vkSj U;k; ds lkFk fodkl dk ukjk cqyna djus
okyh uhrhk ljdkj dk ;g dSlk U;k; gS tgk iapk;r dh lcls
fupyh bdkbZ nyifr ,oa xzke j{kk ny ds flikgh nkus&nkus ds
eksgrkt gksdj Hkw[ks ejus dh fLFkfr esa igqp pqds gSaA fiNys 64
o"kksZa esa lwcs ds lHkh foHkkxksa esa dk;Zjr deZpkfj;ksa ds osru&HkRrs
vkSj ekuns; esa u tkus fdruh ckj c<+kskjh dh xbZ ysfdu xzke
j{kk ny ds flikfg;ksa ds lkFk ,slk HksnHkko D;ksa\ egxkbZ ds bl
;qx esa 175 #i;s esa eghus Hkj ,d twu dh jksVh Hkh e;Llj ugha
gks ldrhA djhc pkj yk[k ls T;knk yksxksa dh ftanxh ls tqM+s
loky ij fiNyh ljdkjksa dh rjg ;g ljdkj Hkh [kkeksk D;ksa
gS] tcfd budh mi;ksfxrk vkSj egkk fdlh gksexkMZ ;k ykBh/
kkjh flikgh ls fdlh ekeys esa derj ugha gSaA ;g rks ljdkj dh
lksp ij fuHkZj djrk gS fd og budk fdl rjg vkSj dSls csgrj
mi;ksx vijk/k vkSj uDlyh leL;k ls fucVus esa djrh gSA
fiNyh ljdkjksa dh rjg ;g ljdkj Hkh xzke j{kk ny ds xjhc
flikfg;ksa dh Hkkoukvksa ds lkFk f[kyokM+ dj jgh gSA nq[k rc vkSj
Hkh xgjk tkrk gS tc ;g ekywe gksrk gS fd ykyw&jkcM+h dh
ljdkj ds nkSjku vkt lRrk esa cSBs yksx gh bUgsa vf/kdkj laiUu
cukus dh ekx djrs Fks] /kjuk&iznkZu djrs Fks] fo/kku eaMy esa
dk;Zokfg;ksa dks ckf/kr djrs Fks- ysfdu tSls gekjs eqYd esa ;g izFkk
cu pqdh gS fd lRrk esa vkus ds ckn lHkh nyksa dk O;ogkj ,d
leku gks tkrk gSA ,uMh, Hkh blls vNwrh ughaA
xkoksa esa vijk/k dks jksdus vkSj xkoksa dh lqj{kk ds fy,
xka/kh th us xzke j{kk ny dh ifjdYiuk dh FkhA xkoksa dh lqj{kk
ds fy, xko ds gh ;ksX; ;qokvksa dh Vhe dk pquko gks tks csjkstxkj
gksus ds lkFk 'kkjhfjd :i ls Hkh cfy"B gksaA ftlds fy, lafo/kku
esa bls ntkZ fn;k x;k vkSj fcgkj iapk;r jkt eSuqvy esa xzke j{kk
ny ds xBu dh fof/kor O;oLFkk dh xbZA fcgkj iapk;rhjkt
vf/kfu;e 1947 esa bls Li"V #i ls nkkZ;k x;k gSA 1949 esa ;g
,DV tc ykxw gqvk rc bldk uke fcgkj iapk;r foyst okWyfas V;j

ifjdYiuk le;

^^xzke j{kk ny dh
mi;ksfxrk vkt ds ifjosk esa vkSj c<+ xbZ
gSA tgk vijk/k ds lkFk dbZ ftyksa esa
uDlyokn dh leL;k dkQh xaHkhj gS]
ogk os lwpd gksus ds lkFk iqfyl ds vPNs
lg;ksxh fl) gks jgs gSA uDly ds lkFk
xkoksa esa vijk/k dks [kRe djus esa budk
csgrj bLrseky fd;k tk ldrk gSA
foks"kdj vijk/k ds laHkkfor [krjksa ls LFkkuh; iqfyl dks lwfpr
djus ls ysdj vijkf/k;ksa dh igpku vkSj /kjidM+ esa ;s foks"k
ennxkj lkfcr gks ldrs gSAa iqfyl ij c<+rs cks> dks Hkh xzke j{kk
ny ds flikgh dkQh de dj ldrs gSa ;fn mUgsa muds ftEesnkfj;ksa
ls voxr djk;k tk,] leqfpr izfk{k.k fn;k tk, rks vijk/k
fu;a=.k esa ;s yksx iqfyl ds cgqr vPNs lg;ksxh lkfcr gks ldrs
gSA**
& Jh euq egkjkt] iqfyl v/kh{kd] jksgrkl

QkslZ :Yl 1949 fn;k x;kA eSuqvy esa Li"V gS fd xko ds

lkekU; igjk] fuxjkuh vkSj vkdfLed ?kVukvksa ;Fkk vkxyxh]
ck<+] ck/k esa njkj] iqy dk VwVuk] pksjh ;k MdSrh dk lkeuk djus]
ljdkj }kjk lkSais x, dk;ksZa dks laikfnr djus rFkk lkoZtfud
'kkafr&O;oLFkk dk;e j[kus gsrq fofgr jhfr ls fu;qDr ,d
nyifr ds v/khu izR;sd xzke iapk;r ds varxZr xzke j{kk ny
xfBr gksA ftlesa 18&30 o"kZ ds csjkstxkj ;qodksa dks HkrhZ fd;k
tk,xkA ml le; nyifr;ksa dks iapk;r lsod esa fu;qfDr dk
izko/kku Fkk] lafo/kku ds 73osa lakks/ku esa ojh;rk ds vk/kkj ij
nyifr;ksa dks iapk;r lfpo ds #i esa fu;qDr djus dk foHkkxh;
vknsk Hkh tkjh gqvkA dqNd
s iapk;rksa esa nyifr iapk;r lsod ds
:i esa fu;qDr Hkh gq,] ysfdu u, fu;ekoyh esa nyifr;ksa ls
iapk;r lsodksa ;k lfpoksa esa p;u ds fy, dksbZ O;oLFkk ugha j[kh
xbZ gS] tcfd fcgkj ds eq[;ea=h uhrhk dqekj vius ljdkjh
foKkiu esa iapk;r lfpoksa ds 2350 inksa ij nyifr;ksa dh fu;qfDr
dh ?kks"k.kk ckdk;nk djrs gSaA gkykfd gdhdr esa 1998 ds ckn
fdlh nyifr dks u rks iapk;r lsod cuk;k x;k vkSj u bl rjg
dh dksbZ ppkZ py jgh gSA
fcgkj jkT; ds xzke j{kk ny ds flikfg;ksa vkSj nyifr;ksa
dh dgkuh Hkh cM+h vthc gSA tgk buds vf/kdkjksa dks nsus dh ckr
rks nwj bl ekeys dks iqjkuk vkSj xSjokftc crk [kkfjt fd;k tk
jgk gSA ogha blls tqMs+ yksx vkt Hkh ljdkj dh vksj VdVdh
fuxkgksa ls mudh d`ik n`f"V dh ckV tksg jgs gSAa ;g vkSj ckr gS
fd ljdkj esa cSBs vf/kdkfj;ksa vkSj eaf=;ksa ds fy, ;g fdlh fygkt
ls fparu dk fo"k; ugha gS] ;gk ;g foks"k mYys[kuh; gS fd fcgkj
ls vyx gq, >kj[kaM esa nyifr;ksa ds ekuns; esa u flQZ o`f) dh
xbZ cfYd nyifr;ksa dks iapk;r lsodksa esa fu;qfDr dh izfdz;k Hkh
py jgh gSA >kj[kaM esa nyifr;ksa dks 1000 #i;s ekfld ekuns;
ds vykok onhZ] ykBh] VkpZ] dacy vkSj vc rks eksckby Hkh fn;k tk
jgk gSA ogha fcgkj esa xzke j{kk ny&nyifr egkla?k vius gd dh
yM+kbZ nkdksa ls yM+ jgs gSAa buds ekfld osru esa o`f) ds fy, dbZ
ckj fo/kkulHkk vkSj ifj"kn ds lnL;ksa us vkokt mBkbZ ysfdu gj
twu&2013
(21)

ckj dh rjg ;g ljdkj Hkh [kkeksk gS] tcfd uhrhk dqekj Lo;a
^^uDlyokn ds lkFk vijk/k ij dkcw
iapk;r lfpoksa ds 2350 inksa ij nyifr;ksa dks fu;qDr djus dk
ikus esa xzke j{kk ny ds flikgh&nyifr
ljdkjh foKfIr dbZ ckj tkjh dj pqds gSAa tc >kj[kaM tSlk
dkQh egRoiw.kZ gSaA ljdkj dks jk"Vfirk
vis{kkd`r de lqfo/kk&lalk/ku okyk jkT; vius xko ds flikfg;ksa
egkRek xka/kh ds xzke Lojkt vkSj tsih ds
dks osru&ekuns; ns jgk gSa rks fcgkj ljdkj bUgsa vf/kdkj&lqfo/kk
iapk;rhjkt ds liuksa dks lkdkj djus ds
nsus ls vkf[kj D;ksa drjk jgh gSA
fy, xzke j{kk ny ds flikfg;ks&
a nyifr;ksa
lcls mYys[kuh; rF; ;g gS fd xzke j{kk ny dk lcls
dks
mudk
vf/kdkj
ns
u
k
gh
gks
xkA dbZ
csgrj mi;ksx uDlyh vkSj lhekorhZ ftyksa dh lqj{kk esa fd;k tk
ftyksa dh iqfyl Hkh budh mi;ksfxrk dks
ldrk gSA uDly izHkkfor ftyksa esa vkijkf/kd xfrfof/k;ksa dks jksdus
vkSj xkoksa esa 'kkafr O;oLFkk dk;e j[kus esa xzke j{kk ny dks vkSj Lohdkj dj pqdh gSA ;g rks ml ftys dh LFkkuh; iqfyl ij
etcwrh iznku djuk ljdkj ds fy, Js;Ldj gks ldrk gSA fuHkZj djrk gS fd dSls o fdruk budk dkjxj vkSj leqfpr
foks"kdj igkM+h vkSj lhekorhZ ftyksa ds xkoksa esa vijk/k dks fu;af=r bLrseky dj ikrh gSA ljdkj fcgkj ds xzke j{kk ny ds
djus vkSj izkd`frd vkink ls fucVus esa bu onhZ/kkfj;ksa dh Hkwfedk flikfg;ksa&nyifr;ksa dks 175 #i;s ekfld ekuns; vkf[kj fdl
dkQh egRoiw.kZ vkSj dkjxj lkfcr gks ldrh gSA ,slk dbZ foks"kK 'ksM~;wy ds rgr ns jgh gS tcfd blh jkT; esa vdqky etnwjksa
Hkh ekurs gSAa mxzokn ij dkcw ikus esa xzke j{kk ny ds flikgh&nyifr
dh nSfud etnwjh 150 #i;s gSA ljdkj dks bl ij Hkh fparu
dkQh egRoiw.kZ lkfcr gks ldrs gSAa xk/khth ds xzke Lojkt vkSj
tsih&yksfg;k ds iapk;rhjkt ds lius dks lkdkj djus ds fy, bUgsa djuk pkfg,A**
& cS|ukFk izlkn] ,e,ylh lg v/;{k
etcwr djuk gksxkA xzke j{kk ny iapk;rh O;oLFkk dh jh<+ gS]a blds
xzke j{kk ny&nyifr egkla?k] fcgkj
fcuk iapk;rh jkt dh dYiuk djuk Hkh csdkj gSA mxzokn&uDlyokn
dks iuius&jksdus esa budk csgrj bLrseky fd;k tk ldrk gSA esa vij jkT; vk;kstd ds in FksA lcls cM+k in jkT; eq[;ky;
fcgkj ds dbZ uDly izHkkfor ftyksa esa inLFkkfir iqfyl esa jkT; vk;ksx dk FkkA le; ds lkFk yksx fjVk;j gksrs x,A
v/kh{kd xzke j{kkny dks etcwr djus vkSj bUgsa foks"k izfk{k.k nsus >kj[kaM esa jkph ds fudV czkacs vkSj tlhMhg esa igys izfk{k.k dh
dh igy vkSj vuqkalk dj pqds gSAa eqx
a js ] teqb]Z vkSjx
a kckn] jksgrkl] O;oLFkk Hkh Fkh fiNys nks nkdksa ls izfk{k.k vkfn Hkh iwjh rjg ls
dSejw ] tgkukckn vkSj vjoy tSls uDlyh leL;k ls foks"k izHkkfor can gks pqds gSaA vkt tcfd fcgkj ljdkj uDlyh leL;k ls
ftyksa dh LFkkuh; iqfyl xzke j{kk ny dks etcwr djus dh eakk mcjus ds fy, iqfyl&izkklu vkSj v)ZlSfud cyksa ij djksM+ksa
ljdkj ds le{k tkjh dj pqdh gSA jksgrkl ds iqfyl dIrku euq #i;s ikuh dh rjg cgk jgh gS ogk xko ds flikfg;ksa dks 1000
egkjkt us rks ftys ds dbZ lhekorhZ vkSj uDlyh bykdksa ;Fkk dk ekfld ekuns; nsus esa D;ksa drjk jgh gS\ D;k uhrhk dqekj
fkolkxj ds ukn] chlksMgs jh] gqluS kckn] ljkao vkSj dbZ vU; xkoksa ds lykgdkj bl eqn~ns ij mUgsa mfpr jk; ugha nsrs gSa\
fcgkj esa 1998 ls igys iapk;r lsod ds in ij nyifr;ksa
esa Lo;a tkdj xzke j{kk ny dk xBu fd;kA xzke j{kk ny ds
flikfg;ksa dk pquko fd;k vkSj mUgsa VkpZ] onhZ] dacy] cSt vkSj dks gh fy;k tkrk Fkk] ysfdu ljdkj us viuh tufojks/kh uhfr;ksa
eksckby nsdj viuh ftEesnkfj;ksa ds izfr ltx jgus dk funsZk ds dkj.k 1998 esa nyifr;ksa dh fu;qfDr ij jksd yxk fn;kA ml
fn;kA dqN blh rjg dh igy tgkukckn dh iqfyl v/kh{kd gjizhr le; lwcs esa jkcM+h nsoh dh ljdkj Fkh vkSj foi{k esa cSBs rc dh
dkSj] dSejw iqfyl v/kh{kd mekkadj lq/kkakq vkSj eqx
a js iqfyl lerk ikVhZ vkt dh tn;w vkSj Hkktik ds lnL;ksa us bldk Hkjiwj
v/kh{kd ih- duu dj jgs gS]a tks ljdkj xjhc&xqjcksa dk fgek;rh fojks/k fd;k FkkA 1998 esa jkcM+h ljdkj us nyifr;ksa dh fu;qfDr
gksus vkSj muds vkfFkZd dk;kdYi djus dk nkok djrh gS mlls bl dks voS/k djkj fn;kA rc ekeyk dksVZ rd igqpk tgk 20 fnlacj
rjg dh mEehn ugha dh tk ldrhA dkj.k fd nyifr;ksa vkSj xzke 2011 dks dksVZ us nyifr;ksa ds i{k esa ,sfrgkfld QSlyk nsrs gq,
j{kk ny ds flikfg;ksa esa djhc 90 izfrkr mlh leqnk; ds yksx vkrs fu;qfDr;ksa dks oS/k djkj nsrs gq, ljdkj dks bls ykxw djus dk
gSa ftudh ekyh gkyr lq/kkjus ds fy, fiNys dbZ nkdksa ls fofHkUu vknsk tkjh fd;kA gn rc gks xbZ tc jkcM+h ljdkj dk blh
eqn~ns ij fojks/k djus okys yksx tks vkt ljdkj pyk jgs gS]a vkt
nyksa dh ljdkjsa fpafrr o iz;Rukhy jgrh jgh gSAa
fcgkj esa ;g vrhr dh ckrsa gks xbZ gSa tc xzke j{kk ny lRrk esa gksus ds ckotwn mudh ekxksa dks vulquk dj jgs gSa] vkSj
iapk;rksa esa ,d izdkj ls QkSt dk dke djrs FksA nyifr budk gkbZ dksVZ ds QSlys ds f[kykQ vihy esa pys x,] og Hkh ml
usrk gksrk Fkk vkSj izR;sd nyifr xkoksa esa vius 40 flikfg;ksa ds ekeys esa tgk nyifr;ksa dks ekfld ekuns; ds #i esa flQZ 175
lkFk lqj{kk ds vykok ljdkjh dk;ksZa esa Hkh lg;ksx djrk FkkA os #i;s feyrs gSa og Hkh dbZ&dbZ eghuksa ds cknA i{k&foi{k esa
pquko dk;ksZa dks laikfnr djkus ls ysdj fdlh fo"ke izkd`frd vkjksi izR;kjksi ds chp fnlacj 2011 esa iVuk mPp U;k;ky; ds
ifjfLFkfr esa cpko vkSj jkgr ds dk;ksZa esa c[kwch lg;ksx djrs FksA vknsk ds ckotwn ljdkj dh [kkekskh vkSj dksVZ esa iqu% vihy ls
xzke j{kk ny ds ijsM dk Hkh dksbZ tksM+ ugha Fkk] lksuiqj esys dh xzke j{kk ny&nyifr egkla?k dkQh vkksfkr gSA tks bu
lqj{kk ls ysdj Lora=rk fnol vkSj x.kra= fnol esa xka/kh eSnku flikfg;ksa dks fcgkj ljdkj ds f[kykQ fook gksdj ,d O;kid
ds vkd"kZd ijsM vc bfrgkl dh pht cudj jg x, gSaA tukanksyu djus ds fy, ck/; dj jgh gSA
fcgkj esa oSls rks dbZ ekeyksa esa fiNys nks nkdksa ls
nyifr;ksa ds izfk{k.k vkfn ds fy, r`rh; vuqnskd] f}rh;
vuqns kd] iz/kku vuqnskd vkSj jkT; Lrj ,oa izeM
a yh; eq[;ky;ksa turk dh Hkkoukvksa ds lkFk tedj f[kyokM+ fd;k tk jgk gSA
ifjdYiuk le;
twu&2013
(22)

ykyw&jkcM+h ds 'kklu ds ckn uhrhk ljdkj ls dqN mEehnsa vke

turk dks c/kh Fkha ysfdu igys 'kkludky dh vis{kk u flQZ
ljdkj ds dkedkt dk xzkQ fxjk cfYd iwjh ljdkj dsoy
?kks"k.kk&vkokluksa ds lgkjs f?klVrh utj vk jgh gSA xzke j{kk
ny laxBu Hkh blls vNwrk ugha jgkA xzke j{kk ny ds
flikfg;ksa&nyifr;ksa dk ;g nqHkkZX; gS fd muds lkFk fiNys dbZ
nkdksa ls yxkrkj f[kyokM+ gksrk vk jgk gSA dksbZ Hkh ny ;k
laxBu buds vf/kdkjksa ds fy, la?k"kZ ugha dj jgk gSA ljdkj dh
mis{kk dgha fcgkj esa ,d vkanksyu dks iSnk u dj ns] ftldh xwt
fnYyh rd rks igqpsxh gh fcgkj esa Hkh blls ,d u, ;qx dh
'kq#vkr gks ldrh gSA csgrj rks ;gh gksrk fd uhrhk ljdkj vius
iM+kl
s h jkT; >kj[kaM ls lcd ysrs gq, vius ;gk Hkh dqN ekuns;
nsus ds lkFk xqtkjk&HkRrk nsus dk iz;kl djrhA tks ljdkj ds
fy, dksbZ cM+h pht ugha gSA ;fn ljdkj vius Lrj ls 1000 #i;s
nsus dh ?kks"k.kk dj ns rks ;g xko ds flikfg;ksa ds fy, ojnku ls
de ugha gksxkA ftlls os vius thou fuokZgu dh leL;k ls
mcjrs gq, jkT; esa vijk/k&uDlyokn dks fu;af=r djus ds lkFk
,d Hk;eqDr ,oa vijk/k eqDr lekt ds fuekZ.k o lapkyu esa

vo'; i<+sa!

^^Xkkoksa dh lqj{kk vkSj mxzokfn;ksa ls

fucVus esa xzke j{kk ny dh Hkwfedk dkQh
egRoiw.kZ gSaA xkoksa dh lqj{kk ds fy, gh
egkRek xka/kh us xzke j{kk ny dh ifjdYiuk
dh FkhA xzke j{kk ny iapk;rhjkt O;oLFkk
dh jh<+ gSA blds fcuk iapk;rh jkt dh
dYiuk Hkh csdkj gSA uDlyokn dks iuius
vkSj c<+us ls jksdus esa xzke j{kk ny dk
csgrj bLrseky gks ldrk gSA ljdkj dks blds egRo dks le>rs
gq, ;Fkkkh?kz bUgsa osru&ekuns; ds lkFk mfpr izfk{k.k nsus dh
O;oLFkk djuh pkfg, rkfd ,d Hk;eqDr vkSj vijk/k eqDr fcgkj
ds fuekZ.k esa xko ds flikgh Hkh viuk cgqeYw ; ;ksxnku ns ldsaA**
&deys k dq ekj jk;] iz ns k egkea=h
xzke j{kk ny&nyifr egkla?k
viuk ;ksxnku ns ldsaA vkf[kj fcgkj jkT; ds fodkl&lapkyu
esa bu Lo;alsodksa dh dksbZ Hkwfedk rks fu/kkZfjr gksuh pkfg,A

nwljksa dks i<+k,!!

tula?k"kZ dks lefiZr

yksd la?k"kZ if=dk

lnL;rk 'kqYd Hkstus dk irk&
j.k/khj flag ^lqeu*
iz c U/k lEiknd
yksd la?k"kZ if=dk
fudV Mh0oh0,l0 Ldwy]
y[kis M + k ckx] ckjkca d h&225001
m0iz 0 HkkjrA

eksckby % 09450195427
e-mail : lokshangharsha@gmail.com
Blog : lokshangharsha.blogspot.com

ifjdYiuk le;

twu&2013

(23)

izn's k

&uoy fdkksj dq e kj

iSlk [kRe] rekkk [kRe

fcgkj ds 8 ftyksa ds fdlkuksa dks lathouh nku

djus ds ms; ls vaxzstksa }kjk LFkkfir lksu ugj ifj;kstuk ds
j[k j[kko esa fcgkj ljdkj ds ilhus NwV jgs gSaA og Hkh rc tc
Hkkjr ljdkj }kjk bl ugj ds lq<+hdj.k ds fy, vc rd djhc
763-95 djksM+ #i;s tkjh fd, x,A orZeku esa gkyr ;g gS fd
jkT; ljdkj vHkh Hkh dsa ls bl en esa vkSj lgk;rk ds fy, eqg
tksgs cSBh gSA
crkrs pysa fd vaxzstksa us o"kZ 1880&90 esa Hkkstiqj]
jksgrkl] cDlj] dSewj] vkSjaxkckn] tgkukckn] x;k vkSj iVuk
ftys esa fdlkuksa dks flapkbZ dh lqfo/kk miyC/k djkus ds fy, lksu
ugj dk fuekZ.k fd;k FkkA bldh otg ;g Fkh fd dSewj dh
igkfM+;ksa esa tek gksus okys ckfjk ds ikuh ds vykok ;g iwjk
bykdk lksu] xaxk vkSj deZuklk unh ds dkj.k ty miyC/krk ds
ekeys esa le`) FkkA vktknh ds ckn chp&chp esa bl ugj dks
esVa us djus dh dkjZokbZ dh tkrh jghA blds ckotwn o"kZ 1970 ds
nkd esa ugj dh gkyr [kjkc gks xbZ vkSj urhtru igyh ckj
o"kZ 1978 esa Hkkjr ljdkj ds lg;ksx ls bl ugj ds lq<hdj.k
ds fy, foks"k ;kstuk 'kq: dh xbZA ;kstuk dk ms; lksu ugj
dks lqn`<+ djuk vkSj fdukjksa dks etcwr cukdj NksVh&NksVh ugjksa
dk fodkl djuk Fkk rkfd lksu ugj dk ykHk vf/kd ls vf/kd
fdlku mBk ldsaA lksu ugj ds lq<hdj.k dk ;g [ksy pyrk
jgkA o"kZ 1991 esa rRdkyhu ykyw ljdkj us bl ugj ds fy, 23593 djksM+ #i;s tkjh fd,A ljdkj dh ;kstuk lksu ugj ds
cka/kksa dks lqn`<+ djuk vkSj forj.kh ugjksa dk fodkl djuk FkkA
lksu ugj ds vk/kqfudhdj.k dk dk;Z pyrk jgkA blesa ,dckj
vkSj rsth rc vkbZ tc Rofjr flapkbZ ;kstuk ds ek/;e ls dsa
ljdkj us blds fy, viuk [ktkuk [kksy fn;kA o"kZ 2001 esa
igyh ckj bl ugj ds fy, 493 djksM+ #i;s Lohr fd, x,A
blds vykok vc rd dsa ljdkj us djhc 168 djksM+ #i;s o"kZ
2009 rd tkjh fd,A dsa }kjk nk jkfk ds mi;ksx ls lksu
ugj dk vk/kqfudhdj.k fd;k tkrk jgkA ljdkjh nkok gS fd vc
rd bl ;kstuk dk djhc 95 Qhlnh y{; gkfly dj fy;k x;k
gSA oSls [kkl ckr ;g fd 'ks"k ikp Qhlnh dk;Z jkT; ljdkj }kjk
djk;k tkuk FkkA ysfdu vHkh rd bl ekeys esa fcgkj ljdkj dks
dksbZ [kkl lQyrk ugha feyh gSA
cgjgky] ,d lPpkbZ ;g Hkh fd tc Rofjr flapkbZ
;kstuk ds rgr lksu ugj ds vk/kqfudhdj.k dk dk;Z 'kq: gqvk
rc bldh flapkbZ {kerk djhc 560 gtkj ,dM+ FkhA tcfd 90641 gtkj ,dM+ rd flapkbZ {kerk esa o`f) djus dk y{; fu/kkZfjr
fd;k x;k FkkA ysfdu ljdkjh vkadM+s ds vuqlkj gh orZeku esa
858-41 gtkj ,dM+ flapkbZ {kerk dk y{; gkfly fd;k tk ldk
gSA ogha ljdkjh nkoksa ls brj tehuh gkykr ;g gS fd lksu ugj
ls ikuh ugha feyus ls yk[kksa fdlku gj lky csvkljs jg tkrs gSAa

ifjdYiuk le;

lqkklu ds uke ij ?kksVkyk

ekeyk ukyank esfMdy dkyst ,aM gfLiVy] iVuk dk

gSA ;gk jksfx;ksa dh tkp gsrq 2007 esa gh 1-5 djksM+ :i, dh ykxr
ls Multislice Spiral CT Scan Machine dk baLVkysku gqvk FkkA
iqjkus vkSj csdkj ekhu yx tkus ds dkj.k bldk vkt rd dksbZ
mi;ksx ugha fd;k tk ldk gSA rRdkyhu mik/kh{kd M- larks"k
dqekj tks v/kh{kd ds pktZ esa Fks ds }kjk lhesl
a daiuh ls bl ekhu
dh [kjhnkjh dh x;h FkhA jsfM;ksykSth fMikVZeVas ds rRdkyhu gsM
M- yfyr dqekj us fyf[kr :i ls M- larks"k dqekj dks ?kfV;k vkSj
iqjkuh ekhu ds baLVkysku ds ckjs esa fcUnqokj foLr`r tkudkjh nh
Fkh rFkk daiuh ls iSls okil ysus dh lykg Hkh nh Fkh] ij M- larks"k
us muds i= dk dksbZ laKku ugha fy;kA M- yfyr dqekj us Li"V
:i ls fy[kk Fkk fd&
1- lh-Vh- dSejk dks lgh rjhds ls vkSj 'krksZa ds vuqlkj rS;kj ugha
fd;k x;kA
2- Agfa/ Fuji ds txg iqjkus Kodak dSejs dh vkiwfrZ dh xbZA
3- iqjkus oksYVst LVsCykbtj dh vkiwfrZ dh x;h ftls LVkVZ djus
ij vkx dh yiVsa ckgj vkus yxhaA
4- Server of CT Computer was not functioning properly since
the first day of installation.
5- Main CT Machine Hkh iqjkus

dk gh jax&jksxu Refurbished
fd;k gqvk Fkk] M- yfyr us blds bEiksVZ vkSj dLVe ls lacfa /kr
dkxtkrksa ds tkap dh Hkh flQkfjk dh FkhA
uksV&ekeyk ,slk gS fd fcYyh dks gh nw/k [kjhnus dh ftEesnkjh
fey xbZ Fkh] lks mlus [kjhn dj ykus ds cnys ih fy;k
vkxs pydj /kku egkys[kkdkj us Hkh bl ij vkifk
mBkbZA f=lnL;h; foks"kK fpfdRldksa HOD Radiology IGIMS
Patna, HOD Radiology NMCH Patna] HOD Radiology PMCH
Patna dh tkp Vhe us Hkh ;g ik;k fd ekhu dk baLVkysku ds

le; ls gh mi;ksx ugha fd;k tk ldk gS] ij bl fokh;

vfu;ferrk esa 'kkfey M- larks"k dqekj vkSj phfVax djus okyh
daiuh lhesl
a ij vkt rd dksbZ dkjZokbZ u gksuk U;k;laxr ugha gSA

twu&2013

fko dkk jk; fcgkj ds tkus&ekus vkjVhvkbZ dk;ZdrkZ gSa

(24)

laLej.k

&MkW - iz h r vjksM +k

frHkk cuke kksgjr

ge gksx
a s dke;kc] ge gksx
a as dke;kc] ,d fnu] ek }kjk
xk, tk jgs bl e/kqj xhr ls esjs vUr%dj.k esa u, mRlkg dk Lianu
gks jgk FkkA ek esjs ekFks dks I;kj ls lgykrh gqbZ eq>s le>k jgh Fkh]
tc dksbZ Hkh O;f vkRefookl vkSj iw.kZfu"Bk ls deZ;ksxh cudj
fdlh Hkh iFk ij vxzlj gksrk gS rks lQyrk vo; gh mlds pj.k
pwerh gSA blfy, gesa ;s ckrsa thou esa lnSo ;kn j[kuh pkfg,A
ek }kjk dgh xbZ mijks ckrsa esjs fy, ve`re; ?kqV~Vh
ds leku FkhaA ,dk,d nhnh dh vkokt+ py mB] rq>s dkWyst
tkuk gS lqudj esjh uhan [kqy xbZA eSa ugk] /kksdj >ViV dkWyt
s
tkus ds fy, rS;kj gks xbZA ?kj ls ckgj fudyrs gh xyh ds eksM+
ij cgqr&ls yksxksa dk gqtwe <ksy&<ekds dh /kqu ij ukprs gq,
vkxs c<+ jgk FkkA pkj yksxksa ds dU/kksa ij lokj feLVj oekZ xys
esa <sj lkjh Qwyksa dh ekyk, igus yksxksa dh okg okgh ywV jgs Fks
dqN yksx muds uke dh t;&t;dkj djrs gq, Lo;a dks dSejs
esa dSn djokus ds fy, Hkjld dksfkk esa yxs FksA irk yxk fd
feLVj oekZ th jkT; esa ea=h in ds fy, euksuhr gq, gSaA ,slk
eSa ogk cSBh lkspus yxh fd vkt O;f dks mldh frHkk
lqurs gh eq>s tksjnkj >Vdk yxk vkSj feLVj oekZ ds thou ds ls ugha vfirq mlds uke ls tkuk tkrk gSA ;gk rd fd vxj ckr
vrhr dh ijNkb;k esjs ekul iVy ij mHkjus yxhaA flQZ fdlh Hkh lkfgR;&txr ls lEcfU/kr dh tk, rks bfrgkl xokg gS
ckjgoha ikl oekZ th dh fopkj&kf vDlj yM+kbZ&>xMksa] fd gekjs kphu xfjekiw.kZ le`) ekus tkus okys lkfgR; dh rqyuk
nknkxhjh o fjor[kksjh esa gh viuk deky fn[kkrh FkhA ,d le; esa vkt dk lkfgR; ek= fxurh ds dqN lkfgR;dkjksa dks NksMd
+ j
Fkk tc oekZ th xfy;ksa dh /kwy Qkdrs b/kj&m/kj HkVdrs Fks] ij vifjiDo gS vkSj dbZ jpukdkjks }kjk cktk: o vyhy Hkk"kk dks
vkt nqjkpkjh feLVj oekZ us iSls vkSj rkdr ds cy ij gh jkT; Hkh ijkslk tk jgk gSA ,sls esa yksx jkrks&
a jkr flf) vkSj eku&lEeku
esa ea=hin dks cM+h vklkuh ls kIr dj fy;kA
dks kIr djus dh ykylk esa x.kekU; lkfgR;dkjksa dh J`a[kyk esa
esjs dne dkWyst dh vksj c<+rs tk jgs Fks ijUrq fnekx vkus ds fy, dksbZ u dksbZ jkLrk viuk gh ysrs gSaA lgh ek;uksa esa
ogha dk ogha my>k gqvk Fkk vkSj eSa lkspus ij etcwj gks xbZ fd lkfgR; dk ms; ekuork dk m)kj djrs gq, mls lgh fnkk
vkt R;sd {ks= esa iSls] lRrk vkSj rkdr ds cy ij uke] kksgjr fn[kkuk gS ijUrq ,sls yksx ekuork dh ckr dks NksM+ viuk m)kj
o eku&lEeku bR;kfn fczdh dh oLrq, cu xbZ gSaA tcfd rks dj gh ysrs gS]a buds }kjk fy[ks tk jgs lkfgR; dk dksbZ vkSfpR;
frHkkoku O;f vius lqugjs vkSj lq[kn liuksa dks /kjkkk;h gksrs fl) ugha gksrk] vfirq ,slk lkfgR; i<+dj ikBd oxZ ruko o
gq, ns[krk jg tkrk gSA mldh fLFkfr Bhd ml iaNh ds leku HkVdko ls mRiUu dq.BkxzLr fLFkfr dks vo; Hkksxrk gSA ifj.kke
gksrh gS ftlds mM+ us ls igys gh ia[kksa dks dkVdj fiatjs esa cUn Lo:i grkk gqvk ekuo uSfrd ewY;ksa dks Hkwydj nwf"kr ekufldrk
dj fn;k tkrk gS tgk flQZ vkSj flQZ og ek;wl gksdj vius ia[k ds rgr t?kU; vijk/kksa dks vatke nsrk gSA ;gh dkj.k gS fd vkt
QM+QM+kdj vius HkkX; dks dkslrk gSA fiNys gh fnuksa esjk ,d fgUnh lkfgR; esa nwljk sepUn ]vaxzsth lkfgR; esa nwljk tktZ
fgUnh lEesyu esa tkuk gqvkA dk;Ze esa v/;{k egksn; us cukZM 'kkW vkSj iatkch lkfgR; esa nwljk ohj flag ugha gqvkA vkt
vpkud ogk mifLFkr ysf[kdkvksa esa ls ,d lqfl) ysf[kdk dks gekjh laLfr lH;rk] Hkk"kk o nsk dk vfLrRo [krjs esa gSA
eap ij nks 'kCn dgus ds fy, vkeaf=r dj fy;kA ysf[kdk lkfgR; lekt ds fy, ,d sjd vkSj ekxZnkZd dk dke djrk
egksn;k Mxexkrs dneksa ls eap ij igqpdj yM+[kM+krh vkokt+ gS ij tc ,sls gh vifjiDo] dwM+k&ddZV o cktk: lkfgR; dh
esa Jksrkvksa dks lEcksf/kr dj jgh FkhaA ysf[kdk ds eq[k ls fudys ltZuk dh tk,xh rks ml ij lq<+ lekt dh LFkkiuk dSls lEHko
'kCnksa vkSj fopkjksa dk vkilh rkyesy ugha FkkA brus esa ,d gSA blfy, vkt gesa lkspuk gksxk fd ge frHkk lEiUu O;f dks
tksjnkj glh dk Bgkdk dkuksa esa lqukbZ fn;kA ysf[kdk egksn;k eku&lEeku nsa ;k dsoy 'kksgjr dk ycknk vks<s+ frHkkghu O;f
ldidkrh gqbZ viuh ckr dks vk/kh&v/kwjh dg eap ls mrj xbZAa dh t;&t;dkj djsaA
vkp;Z dh ckr rks ;g gqbZ fd lekjksg ds vUr esa mlh ysf[kdk
MkW-izhr vjksM+k ubZ ih<+h efgyk jpukdkjksa
esa bUVjusV ij lokZf/kd lf; l`tu/kehZ
dks eku&lEeku ls uokt+k x;k vkSj v/;{k egksn; mudh aklk
lkfgR;dkj gSaA
ds iqy ck/krs gq, Qwys ugha lek jgs FksA
ifjdYiuk le;
twu&2013
(25)

fopkj

&lkS j Hk dq e kj

jktuSfrd fod`fr;ksa ls yM+us dh t:jr % vuhrk nsoh

vkt ds usrkvksa ds vkpj.k dks ns[krs gq, dksbZ Hkh jktuhfr 'kCn esa ^^uhfr** yqIrizk; gS vkSj ^jkt* 'kCn viuh lk{kkr~
vuqeku yxk ldrk gS fd mudk pfj= vkn'kZ ds :i esa viukus rkdr fn[kkus ij vkeknk gSA vkt ds usrk jktuhfr ds uke ij
;ksX; ugha gSA ij tc ge Lora= Hkkjr dh ckr djrs gSa rks gekjs turk dks [kwc Bx jgs gSa] ftlls vius ns'k dk ra= Bxh dk ra=
lkeus vkn'kZ ;ksX; lSdM+ksa usrk ekStwn Fks& egkRek xka/kh] iafMr cu x;k gSA vuhrk nsoh us yksdrkaf=d jktuhfr esa dkWjiksjsV
tokgj yky usg:] yky yktir jk;] pUnz'ks[kj vktkn] lqHkk"k ?kjkuksa dh ?kqlisB ij Hkh fpUrk O;Dr dhA jktuhfr esa /ku dh
pUnz cksl bR;kfn usrkvksa ls ge izsj.kk ysrs Fks vkSj vius cPpksa dks t:jr txtkfgj gSA pans ds :i esa fy, x, bl /ku dk dqN
muds leku cukuk pkgrs Fks] ij vkt usrkvksa dh ;g Nfo gS fd Hkkx turk ls vkSj T;knk fgLlk iwthifr;ksa ls pans ds :i esa fy;k
yksx vfHkusrkvksa dks rks vius cPpksa dk vkn'kZ cukus dh lksp tkrk gSA fQj olwyh 'kq: gks xbZ] ftlesa xq.Ms&ekfQ;k lgk;d
ldrs gS] ij usrkvksa dks ugha cukuk pkgrsA ;s ckrsa efgyk tkxj.k gksrs gSaA vr% jktuhfr esa mudh Hkh ,d Hkwfedk fuf'pr gks xbZA
dY;k.k eap l0bZ0 dh izns'k v/;{k lg ukyank ftyk efgyk cgqer tqVkus ds fy, ekfQ;k dk ckgqcy mi;ksxh fl) gksus
izdks"B tn;w dh egklfpo Jherh vuhrk nsoh us ,d dk;Ze dks yxkA jktuhfr esa /ku dh c<+rh Hkwfedk ls vc futh dEifu;ksa ds
lEcksf/kr djrs gq, dghA mUgksaus dgk fd euq"; dks mlds pfj= uqekabnksa dh ?kqlisB c<+us yxh gSA dEifu;ksa dk edM+tky bruk
ls igpkuk tkrk gSA euq"; dk pfj= ftrus lnxq.kksa ls ;qDr etcwr gks x;k gS fd ftUgsa ge izfrfuf/k pqudj Hkstrs gS]a os futh
gksxk] yksx mlls mruk gh vkdf"kZr gksaxs] usrkvksa ds fy, rks dEifu;ksa ds >kls esa vkdj muds nyky cu tkrs gSaA vuhrk nsoh
mudk pfj= vkSj Hkh egRoiw.kZ gks tkrk gS]a D;ksfa d mUgsa ns'k&lekt us vkxs dgk fd gekjs ns'k esa c<+rs Hkz"Vkpkj dk ewy dkj.k gekjh
dks usr`Ro iznku djuk gksrk gSA Hkz"Vkpkj dks ysdj ns'k Hkj esa bu jktuSfrd O;oLFkk esa mfpr rjhds ls gks jgk foRrh; iks"k.k gSA
fnuksa tcjnLr tn~nkstgn py jgh gS] blds ewy esa pfj= gh gS&
a tc rd jktuSfrd O;oLFkk dk pfj= ugha cnyrk rc rd
D;ksafd tSls&tSls usrkvksa ds pfj= dk Lrj fxjrk x;k] mlh Hkz"Vkpkj ls ihNk NqM+kuk vlaHko gSA
lkSjHk dqekj fcgkj ds C;wjksphQ gSa
vuqikr eas Hkz"Vkpkj c<+rk x;kA vuhrk nsoh us vkxs dgk fd vkt
ifjdYiuk le;
twu&2013
(26)

fo'ks"k

&ekyk pkS cs

Hkkjrh; flusek ds lkS lky % ,d fogaxokyksdu

3 ebZ] 2013 kqokj dks Hkkjrh; flusek iwjs lkS lky esa ukf;dk ghjksbu gqvk djrh FkhaA ifr&iRuh nksuksa dks [kwc
dk gks x;kA fdlh Hkh nsk esa cuus okyh fQYesa ogk ds lkekftd lQyrk feyh vkSj nksuksa us feydj ckEcs VkWdht LVwfM;ks dh
thou vkSj jhfr&fjokt dk niZ.k gksrh gSAa Hkkjrh; flusek ds lkS LFkkiuk dhA vius mn~xe ls ysdj vkt rd Hkkjrh; flusek esa
o"kksaZ ds bfrgkl esa ge Hkkjrh; lekt ds fofHkUu pj.kksa dk vDl brus T;knk cnyko vk, gSa fd dksbZ Hkh vc ;g ugha dg ldrk
ns[k ldrs gSaA mYys[kuh; gS fd blh frfFk dks Hkkjr dh igyh fd vkt ds nkSj esa cuus okyh fQYesa mlh Hkkjrh; flusek dk vax
Qhpj fQYe jktk gfjpa dk #igys ijns ij inkiZ.k gqvk FkkA gSa tks geskk Hkkjrh; lekt esa psruk dks tkxzr djus dk dk;Z
bl fQYe ds fuekZrk Hkkjrh; flusek ds tud nknk lkgc Qkyds djrk vk;k gSA dgk tkrk gS fd fdlh Hkh lekt dks lgh jkg
FksA ,d lkS o"kksZa dh yEch ;k=k esa fgUnh flusek us u dsoy cskqekj fn[kkus ds fy, lcls lk ek/;e flusek gS] D;ksfa d flusek n`;
dyk frHkk, nha cfYd Hkkjrh; lekt vkSj pfj= dks x<+us esa Hkh vkSj JO; nksuksa dk feyk tqyk :i gS vkSj ;g lh/ks euq"; ds fny
egRoiw.kZ ;ksxnku fn;kA
ij Hkko Mkyrk gSA
nknk lkgc Qkyds us vius yanu okl ds nkSjku bZlk
1913 ls 1929 rd Hkkjrh; flusek esa ewd fQYeksa dh gh
elhg ds thou ij vk/kkfjr ,d pyfp= ns[kkA ml fQYe dks /kkurk jgh ij 1930 ds vkl ikl pyfp=ksa esa /ofu ds lekosk
ns[kdj nknk lkgsc Qkyds ds eu esa ikSjkf.kd dFkkvksa ij djus dh rduhd fodflr gks tkus ls lokd~ cksyrh fQYesa cuus
vk/kkfjr pyfp=ksa ds fuekZ.k djus dh cy bPNk tkx`r gqbZA yxhaA vkye vkjk Hkkjr dh igyh lokd~ fQYe Fkh tks fd lu~
Lonsk vkdj mUgksaus jktk gfjpa cukbZ tks fd Hkkjr dh igyh 1931 esa nfkZr gqbZA
yach fQYe Fkh vkSj 03 ebZ 1913 esa nfkZr gqbZA /ofujfgr gksus
fQYe fuekZ.k esa dksydkrk fLFkr enu Vdht ds cSuj
ds ckotwn Hkh ml pyfp= us yksxksa dk Hkjiwj euksjt
a u fd;k vkSj rys ,-bZjkuh us egRoiw.kZ igy djrs gq, igyh cksyrh fQYe
nkZdksa us mldh [kwc kalk dhA fQj rks pyfp= fuekZ.k us Hkkjr ^vkye vkjk* cukbZA bl fQYe dh 'kwfVax jsyos ykbu ds ikl dh
ds ,d m|ksx dk :i /kkj.k dj fy;k vkSj rhozrk iwoZd mldk xbZ Fkh blfy, blds vf/kdkak ; jkr ds gSAa jkr ds le; tc
fodkl gksus yxkA mu fnuksa fgekakq jk; teZuh ds ;w-,Q-,- Vus ksa dk pyuk can gks tkrk Fkk rc bl fQYe dh 'kwfVax dh tkrh
LVwfM;ks esa fuekZrk ds :i esa dk;Zjr FksA os viuh iRuh nsfodk FkhA tkus ekus fQYe fuekZrk ';ke csusxy us ^Hkk"kk* ls dgk]
jkuh ds lkFk Lonsk okil vk x, vkSj vius nsk esa pyfp=ksa dk ^^Hkkjrh; flusek dh 'kq#vkr ckrphr ds ek/;e ls ugha cfYd
fuekZ.k djus yxsA mudh iRuh nsfodk jkuh Lo;a mudh fQYeksa xkuksa ds ek/;e ls gqbZA ;gh dkj.k gS fd vkt Hkh fcuk xkuksa ds
ifjdYiuk le;
twu&2013
(27)

fQYesa v/kwjh ekuh tkrh gSaA** okfM;k ewoh Vksu dh 80 gtkj #i;s
dh ykxr ls fufeZr lky 1935 dh fQYe ^gaVjokyh* us ml
tekus esa yksxksa ds ekul iVy ij xgjh Nki NksM+h vkSj vfHkus=h
ukfM;k dh ikskkd vkSj igukos dks efgykvksa us QSku VsaM ds :i
esa viuk;kA
1933 esa nfkZr fQYe dekZ bruh vf/kd yksdf; gqbZ
fd ml fQYe dh ukf;dk nsfodk jkuh dks yksx fQYe LVkj ds
uke ls lacksf/kr djus yxs vkSj os Hkkjr dh Fke efgyk fQYe
LVkj cuhaA ewd fQYeksa ds tekus rd eqacbZ iwoZ uke cacbZ nsk
esa pyfp= fuekZ.k dk dsU cuk jgk ijarq lokd~ fQYeksa dk fuekZ.k
'kq: gks tkus ls vkSj gekjs nsk esa fofHkUu Hkk"kkvksa dk pyu gksus
ds dkj.k psUubZ iwoZ uke ekl esa nf{k.k Hkkjrh; Hkk"kkvksa okyh
pyfp=ksa dk fuekZ.k gksus yxkA bl rjg Hkkjr dk pyfp= m|ksx
nks Hkkxksa esa foHk gks x;kA mu fnuksa Hkkr] ckacs Vkdht vkSj U;w
fFk;sVlZ Hkkjr ds eq[k LVwfM;ks Fks vkSj ;s k;% xaHkhj fdarq
euksjatd fQYesa cuk dj nkZdksa dk euksjatu fd;k djrs FksaA ;s
rhuksa LVwfM;ks nsk ds cM+s cSulZ dgykrs FksA mu fnuksa lkekftd
vU;k; ds fo#) vkokt mBkus okyh] /kkfeZd rFkk ikSjkf.kd]
,sfrgkfld] nskse ls lEcaf/kr pyfp=ksa dk fuekZ.k gqvk djrk Fkk
vkSj mUgsa cgqr vf/kd ilan Hkh fd;k tkrk FkkA ml le; ds dqN
fl) ,oa yksdf; fQYesa gSa&oh 'kkarkjke dh fQYe nqfu;k uk
ekus] Sat vksLVu dh fQYe vNwr dU;k] nkeys vkSj Qrsgyky
dh fQYe lar rqdkjke] egcwc [kku dh fQYesa oru] ,d gh jkLrk
vkSj vkSjr] vnsZkhj bZjkuh dh fQYe fdlku dU;k vkfnA oh
'kkarkjke dh Mk- dksVuhl dh vej dgkuh] egcwc [kku dh jksVh]
psru vkuan dh uhpk uxj] mn; 'kadj dh dYiuk] [oktk
vgen vCckl dh /kjrh ds yky] lksgjkc eksnh dh fldanj] iqdkj
vkSj i`Foh oYyHk] ts-ch-,p- okfM;k dh dksVZ Mkalj] ,l-,l- oklu
dh pays[kk] fot; Hk dh Hkjr feyki vkSj jke jkT;] jkt diwj

ifjdYiuk le;

dh cjlkr vkSj vkx mu fnuksa dh vfoLej.kh; fQYesa gSa vkjaHk esa

LVwfM;ks i)fr dk pyu jgkA gjsd LVwfM;ks ds vius osruHkksxh
fuekZrk] funsZkd] laxhrdkj] uk;d] ukf;dk rFkk vU; dykdkj
gqvk djrs FksA ij ckn ds pyfp= fuekZ.k esa #fp j[kus okys yksx
Lora= fuekZrk ds :i esa fQYesa cukus yxsA bu Lora= fuekZrkvksa
us LVwfM;ks dks fdjk, ij ysuk rFkk dykdkjksa ls Bsds ij dke
djokuk 'kq: dj fn;kA pwfd Bsds esa dke djus esa vf/kd vkenuh
gksrh Fkh] dykdkjksa us osru ysdj dke djuk yxHkx can dj
fn;kA bl dkj LVwfM;ks i)fr dk pyu lekIr gks x;k vkSj
LVwfM;ks dks dsoy fdjk;s ij fn;k tkus yxkA
1931 esa vknsZfkj bZjkuh us Hkkjr dh igyh lokd~ fQYe
vkye vkjk dk nkZu fd;kA mlh lky rfey dh igyh lokd~
fQYe dkfynkl vkSj rsyqxq dh lokd~ fQYe Hk ykn dk
nkZu fd;k x;kA U;w fFk,VlZ us caxyk esa paMhnkl fQYe dk
fuekZ.k 1932 esa fd;k FkkA blds ckn Hkkjr dh dbZ Hkk"kkvksa esa
lokd~ fQYeksa ds fuekZ.k dh f;k rsth ls 'kq: gks xbZA ewd
fQYeksa ds iwjs nkSj esa vf/kdrj fQYesa ;k rks ikSjkf.kd ;k /kkfeZd
;k ,sfrgkfld dFkkvksa ij vk/kkfjr gksrh FkhaA dqN fQYesa vjc]
;wjksi vkfn dh yksdf; dgkfu;ksa ij Hkh cuh FkhaA ysfdu lkekftd
fo"k;ksa ij fQYeksa dk fuekZ.k cgqr gh de gqvkA ewd flusek esa gh
ckcwjko isVa j tSls fQYedkj mHkj pqds Fks] ftuds fy, flusek flQZ
euksjatu dk ek/;e ugha Fkk cfYd og lkekftd lansk nsus dk
ek/;e Hkh FkkA 1930 vkSj 1940 ds nkd esa ejkBh vkSj fganqLrkuh
fQYeksa dks pkb;ksa dh vksj ys tkus okys ,l- Qksyky] fo".kqiar
nkeys vkSj oh- 'kkarkjke bUgha ckcwjko isaVj dh nsu FksA Hkkjrh;
flusek esa ;FkkFkZokn dh 'kq#vkr dk Js; ckcwjko isaVj dks tkrk
gSA
ikjlh fFk;sVj us fganh&mnwZ fookn ls ijs jgrs gq,
cksypky dh ,d ,slh Hkk"kk dh ijaijk LFkkfir dh tks fganh vkSj
mnwZ dh ladh.kZrkvksa ls ijs Fkh vkSj ftls ckn esa fganqLrkuh ds uke
ls tkuk x;kA ;g Hkkjrh; miegk}hi ds cM+s fgLls esa laidZ Hkk"kk
ds :i esa fodflr gqbZ FkhA fganh flusek us vkjaHk ls gh Hkk"kk ds
blh :i dks viuk;kA bl Hkk"kk us gh fganh flusek dks xSj fganh
Hkk"kh nkZdksa ds chp Hkh yksdf; cuk;kA mUgksaus fganw&eqfLye
,drk dks R;{k vkSj ijks{k :i ls c<+kok fn;kA vkxk gJ dehjh
1879&1935 dk ukVd ^;gwnh* bldk Js"B mnkgj.k gS] ftl ij
dbZ ckj fQYesa cuha vkSj fcey jk; us Hkh bl ukVd ij fQYe
cukuk t:jh le>kA
xqtjs tekus ds vfHkusrk eukst dqekj us dgk fd 40
vkSj 50 dk nkd fgUnh flusek ds fygkt ls 'kkunkj jgkA 1949
esa jktdiwj dh fQYe ^cjlkr* us ckDl vkfQl ij /kwe epkbZA
bl fQYe dks ml tekus esa ^,* lVhZfQdsV fn;k x;k Fkk D;ksafd
vfHkus=h ujfxl vkSj fuEeh us nqik ugha vks<k+ FkkA fcey jk; us
^nks ch?kk tehu* ds ek/;e ls nsk esa fdlkuksa dh n;uh; fLFkfr

twu&2013

(28)

dk fp=.k fd;kA fQYe esa vfHkusrk cyjkt lkguh dk Mk;yx

^^tehu pys tkus ij fdlkuksa dk lR;kukk gks tkrk gS] vkt Hkh
Hkwfe vf/kxzg.k dh ekj >sy jgs fdlkuksa dh ihM+k dks lVhd rjhds
ls vfHkO; djrk gSA ;g igyh Hkkjrh; fQYe Fkh ftls du
fQYe lekjksg esa iqjLdkj kIr gqvkA 50 ds nkd esa lkekftd
fo"k;ksa ij vk/kkfjr O;kolkf;d fQYeksa dk nkSj 'kq: gqvkA oh
'kkarkjke dh 1957 esa cuh fQYe ^nks vk[ks ckjg gkFk* esa iq.ks ds
^[kqyk tsy ;ksx* dks nkkZ;k x;kA yrk eaxskdj us bl fQYe
ds xhr ^,s ekfyd rsjs cans ge* dks vk/;kfRed pkb;ksa rd
igqpk;kA Q.khojukFk js.kq dh cgqpfpZr dgkuh ^ekjs x, xqyQke*
ij vk/kkfjr fQYe ^rhljh dle* fgUnh flusek esa dFkkud vkSj
vfHkO;f dk lk mnkgj.k gSA ,slh fQYeksa esa cnuke cLrh]
vk"kk<+ dk fnu] lwjt dk lkrok ?kksMk+ ] ,d Fkk panj&,d Fkh lq/
kk] lkkbZl Mkmu] jtuhxa/kk] lkjk vkdkk] ufn;k ds ikj vkfn
eq[k gaSA /kjrh ds yky vkSj uhpk uxj* ds ek/;e ls nkZdksa dks
[kqyh gok dk LikZ feyk vkSj viuh ekVh dh lksa/kh lqxU/k] eqYd
dh leL;kvksa ,oa foHkhf"kdkvksa ds ckjs esa yksxksa dh vk[ksa [kqyhA
^^nsonkl] cfUnuh] lqtkrk vkSj ij[k** tSlh fQYesa ml le; ckDl
vkfQl ij mruh lQy ugha jgus ds ckotwn] fQYeksa ds Hkkjrh;
bfrgkl ds u, ;qx dh orZd ekuh tkrh gSaA egcwc [kku dh
lky 1957 esa cuh fQYe ^^enj bf.M;k** fgUnh fQYe fuekZ.k ds
{ks= esa ehy dk iRFkj ekuh tkrh gSA lR;thr js dh fQYe ikFksj
ikapkyh vkSj 'kEHkw fe=k dh fQYe ^tkxrs jgks* fQYe fuekZ.k vkSj
dFkkud dk 'kkunkj mnkgj.k FkhaA bl J`a[kyk dks LVfyaZx
baosLVesaV dkjiksjsku fyfeVsM ds cSuj rys fuekZrk funsZkd ds
vkflQ us ^eqxys vkt+e* ds ek/;e ls ubZ pkb;ksa rd igqpk;kA
vfHkusrkvksa esa pkyhl ds nkd esa dqUnu yky lgxy] vkksd
dqekj] fnyhi dqekj] nso vkuUn] brs[kkkj] jgeku] fiapw diwj]
seukFk] vthr] jkt diwj vkSj i`Fohjkt diwj yksdf; gq, rFkk

ifjdYiuk le;

vfHkusf=;ksa esa nsfodk jkuh vkSj ehuk dqekjh pfpZr jghaA blh izdkj
ipkl ds nkd esa vfHkusrkvksa esa 'kEeh diwj] jktsU dqekj] jkt
dqekj] lquhy nk] thou] fdkksj dqekj] enu iqjh] vkse fkoiqjh]
vuwi dqekj vkSj jktsU ukFk pfpZr jgs rFkk vfHkusf=;ksa esa pfpZr
jgha e/kqckyk] oghnk jgeku vkSj vkkk ikjs[kA
1 tuojh] 1961 dks ,d fQYe vk;h ^xaxk tequk*A bl
fQYe esa vo/kh laoknksa dk ;ksx FkkA fgUnh flusek ds bfrgkl esa
;g igyh ckj gqvk FkkA ;g fQYe O;kid lQy gqbZ FkhA blds
fuekZrk fnyhi dqekj ds HkkbZ ukflj [kk ,oa funsZkd fufru cksl
FksA fnyhi dqekj ,oa oSt;Urh ekyk ds lkFk uthj gqlSu us Hkh bl
fQYe esa vfHku; fd;k FkkA ^xaxk tequk* us ;g fookl dk;e dj
fn;k Fkk fd vxj dksbZ mkj Hkkjrh; cksfy;ks&
a Hkk"kkvksa esa Hkh fQYesa
cuk,] rks og ?kkVs dk lkSnk ugha gksxkA Hkkjr ds Fke jk"Vifr dh
bPNk Fkh fd Hkkstiqjh esa Hkh fQYe fuekZ.k fd;k tk,A mudh bl
bPNk ds f"Vxr Hkkstiqjh dh igyh fQYe dk fuekZ.k gqvk]
ftldk uke Fkk gs xaxk eS;k rksgs fi;jh p<+bcksA fQYe fuekZrk
fooukFk lkn 'kkgkcknh us 21 Qjojh] 1963 dks rRdkyhu
jk"Vifr nskjRu M- jktsU lkn dks iVuk ds lnkdr vkJe
esa lefiZr fd;kA ;kuh 21 Qjojh] 1963 dks bl fQYe dk
mn~?kkVu lekjksg le>k x;kA blds ,d fnu ckn vFkkZr 22
Qjojh] 1963 dks fQYe dk ,d hfe;j 'kks iVuk ds oh.kk flusek
esa j[kk x;kA ysfdu blds O;kolkf;d nkZu dh 'kq#vkr 4
vSy] 1963 dks okjk.klh ds dkk Vdht vc cUn gks pqdk gS
ls gqbZA ;g vkp;Z dk fo"k; gS fd bl o"kZ ,d vksj Hkkjrh;
flusek viuk 'krkCnh o"kZxkB eukus tk jgk gS rks nwljh vksj
Hkkstiqjh flusek viuk ipkl o"kZ Hkh iwjk dj jgk gSA
f=yksd tsryh us xksnku ds fuekZrk funsZkd ds :i esa
ftl dkj vkfFkZd uqdlku dk [k+;ky fd, fcuk sepan dh
vkRek dks lkeus j[kk] og vkt Hkh vknkZ gSA xksnku ds ckn gh
lkfgfR;d fr;ksa ij fQYe cukus dk flyflyk 'kq: gqvkA
;ksxokn dh ckr djsa rks xq:nk dh fQYesa ^I;klk*] ^dkxt ds
Qwy^ rFkk ^lkgc chch vkSj xqyke* dks dkSu Hkwy ldrk gSA
eqtQj vyh dh ^xeu* vkSj fouksn ikaMs dh ^,d ckj fQj* us
bl flyflys dks vkxs c<+k;kA jesk flIih dh 1975 esa cuh fQYe
^kksys* us fgUnh fQYe fuekZ.k dks ubZ fnkk nhA ;g vfHkusrk
vferkHk cPpu ds ,axzh ;ax eSu ds :i esa mHkjus dk nkSj FkkA
ipkl ds nkd esa VstMh fdax ds :i esa fnyhi dqekj yksdf;
gq,A nhnkj 1951 vkSj nsonkl 1955 tSlh fQYeksa esa nq[kn
Hkwfedkvksa ds fy, ekgwj gksus ds dkj.k mUgas VsftMh fdax dgk
x;kA eqxys&,&vkte 1960 esa mUgksaus eqxy jktdqekj tgkxhj
dh Hkwfedk fuHkkbZA ;g fQYe igys 'osr vkSj ';ke Fkh] vkSj 2004
es jaxhu cukbZ xbZA mUgksaus 1961 esa xaxk&tequk fQYe dk fuekZ.k
Hkh fd;k] ftlesa muds lkFk muds NksVs HkkbZ ukflj [kku us dke
fd;kA 1970] 1980 vkSj 1990 ds nkd esa mUgksaus de fQYeksa esa
dke fd;kA bl le; dh mudh eq[k fQYesa Fkha fo/kkrk 1982]

twu&2013

(29)

^fnyokys nqYgfu;k ys tk,xs* ls 'kq: djds ^uhy vkSj fuDdh*

rd dh dgkuh esa bl cnyko dks ns[kk tk ldrk gSA bl cnyko
dks nks :iksa esa ns[kus dh t:jr gSA ,d :i gS Hkkjr ds ?kjsyw
fQYedkjksa dk vkSj nwljk oklh Hkkjrh; fQYedkjksa dkA nksuksa dh
fQYeksa dk dFkkud vkp;Ztud :i ls ,d tSlk gSA buesa ls tks
yksx ikfjokfjd Mkek ugha cuk jgs gSa os ;k rks vkSlr ntsZ dh
lLisl
a fFkzyj vkSj vijk/k dFkk ij fQYe cuk jgs gSa ;k laiUu ?kjksa
ds ;qokvksa o egkuxjksa ds ;qokvksa ds thou esa miHkkskoknh laL
fr dh vfuok;Z [kkeh ds :i esa vk, rukoksa ij fQYe cuk jgs gSAa
?kjsyw fQYedkjksa esa vkfnR; pksiM+k] dj.k tkSgj] jkdsk jksku]
jkexksiky oekZ] Qjgku v[rj tSls lQy fQYedkjksa ds uke
fy, tk ldrs gSa vkSj nwljh Js.kh esa xqfjUnj p<~<k csM
a bV ykbd
csdge] ukxsk dqdquwj gSnjkckn Cywt] foosd jatu ckYM
E;wfVuh % ,fk;u LVkeZ E;wftd] csuh eSF;w s;j n ikVhZ ;kj]
fukk ikgwtk ckyhoqM ckmaM] egsk nkkuh eSaxks lkSQy] ehjk
uk;j ekulwu osfMax] 'ks[kj diwj n xq:] nhik esgrk vkfn ds
uke fy, tk ldrs gS]a tks vfuok;Z :i ls okfl;ksa ds fy, fQYesa
cukrs gSaA
iqjkus tekus esa ^rhljh dle* ls ysdj ^Hkqou 'kkse* vkSj
vadqj] vuqHko vkSj vfo"dkj rd fQYeksa dk lekukUrj vkanksyu
pykA bu fQYeksa ds ek/;e ls nkZdksa us ;FkkFkZoknh i`"BHkwfe ij
vk/kkfjr dFkkoLrq dks ns[kk ij[kk vkSj mudh lk vfHkO;f;ksa
ls Hkkfor Hkh gq,A u, nkSj esa fot; nkunsFkk dh dgkuh ij
vk/kkfjr fQYe ^igsyh* ';ke csusxy dh ^osyde Vw lTtuiqj*
vkSj ^osyMu vCck*] vkkqrks"k xksokfjdj dh ^yxku*] ^Lonsk*]
vkfej [kku vfHkuhr ^Fkzh bZfM;V~l*] vferkHk cPpu vfHkuhr ^ik*
vkSj ^CySd*] 'kkg#[k [kku vfHkuhr ^ekbZ use bt [kku* tSls dqN
uke gh lkeus vkrs gSa tks dFkkud vkSj vfHkO;f dh f"V ls
lk ekus tkrs gSaA 60 vkSj 70 dk nkd fganh fQYeksa ds lqjhys
nkd ds :i esa LFkkfir gqvk rks 80 vkSj 90 ds nkd esa fgUnh
flusek ^ckyhoqM* cudj mHkjkA
uCcs ds nkd esa lat; diwj] v{k; dqekj] lquhy 'ksh]
lSQ vyh [kku] vt; nsoxu vkfn vfHkusrkvksa dk] rks ogha
vfHkusf=;ksa esa fnO;k Hkkjrh] fcikkk clq] dfjek diwj] djhuk
diwj] euh"kk dksbjkyk] dktksy nsoxu] jkuh eq[kthZ] hfr ftaVk
vkfn dk vkxeu gqvkA blh dkj 2000 ds nkd esa 'kkfgn diwj]
_frd jksku] vfHk"ksd cPpu] Qjnhu [kku vkfn vfHkusrkvksa rFkk
vfHkusf=;ksa esa f;adk pksiM+k] uhrw pUk] nhfidk iknqdks.k] vuq"dk
'kekZ] lksue diwj] veh"kk iVsy] hfr >afx;kuh rFkk 2010 ds
nkd esa lksuk{kh flUgk dk /kekdsnkj vkxeu gqvkA
tgk rd Hkkjrh; flusek esa vLdj dk u gS] rks
igyh ckj Hkkjr dh vksj ls lcls igys egcwc [kku dh fQYe
enj bf.M;k 1957 fonskh Hkk"kk dh vafre ikp fQYeksa esa
ukekafdr gqbZ Fkh] fdUrq bls vLdj ds vuq:i ugha le>k x;kA
nwljh ckj ehjk uk;j dh fQYe ^lyke cEcs* vLdj dh nkSM+ esa

nqfu;k 1984] dekZ 1986] bTtrnkj 1990 vkSj lkSnkxj

1991A 1998 esa cuh fQYe fdyk mudh vk[kjh fQYe FkhA
lkB ds nkd ds pfpZr vfHkusrkvksa esa 'kfk diwj] dSLVks
eq[kthZ] /kesZU] ftrsU] jktsk [kUuk] latho dqekj] fQjkst [kku]
lat; [kku] t; eq[kthZ] foothr] eueksgu ".kk] vkse dkk]
vflr lsu] se pksiM+k] ,-ds- gaxy vkSj jesk nso dk uke vkrk
gS] ogha vfHkusf=;ksa esa f;k jktoak] ujfxl] gsek ekfyuh] kfeZyk
VSxksj] jk[kh xqytkj vkfn dkA lkj ds nkd esa ftu vfHkusrkvksa
dh ppkZ gqbZ muesa eq[k gSa vferkHk cPpu] vfuy diwj] uohu
fupy] jkdsk jksku] jkdsk csnh vkSj vkseiqjh vkfn] ogha vfHkusf=;ksa
esa js[kk] eqerkt] thur veku] ijohu cch] uhrw flag] kckuk
vkt+eh] hfr xkxqyh] hrh lw vkfn pfpZr jghaA
blh dkj vLlh ds nkd esa lat; nk] luh nsvksy]
kkg#[k [kku] vkfej [kku] lyeku [kku vkfn vfHkusrkvksa dk /
kekdsnkj osk gqvk] ogha vfHkusf=;ksa esa ek/kqjh nhf{kr] twgh pkoyk]
vferk ukfx;k vkfn dkA
80 ds nkd rd fQYesa tehankjh] L=h 'kks"k.k lfgr mu
lHkh eqksa ij vk/kkfjr gksrh Fkha tks lekt dks Hkkfor djrs FksA
mudk ms; O;kolkf;d u gksdj lkeftd dY;k.k gksrk FkkA ij
90 ds nkd esa fQYeksa esa O;kid cnyko vk,A fQYedkjksa us ,sls
fo"k; pquus 'kq: dj fn,] tks cgqr gh lhfer oxZ dh ilan ds
Fks] ysfdu cnys esa mUgsa pwfd Myj esa dekbZ gksus okyh Fkh
blfy, O;kolkf;d fgrksa dks dksbZ uqdlku ugha gksus okyk FkkA
vkSj ;s ogh nkSj Fkk tc fQYesa lekt fgr ls gVdj iwjh rjg ls
O;kokfld fgr esa je xbaZA fQYesa cukus okys funskdksa vkSj
fuekZrkvksa dk mn~ns; fQYe esa okLrfodrk Mkyus ds ctk, mu
phtksa dks Mkyus dk gksrk tks nkZd dks euksjatu djk, ftldk
vkt lekt ij udjkRed Hkko iM+us yxkA vkt Hkkjrh; lekt
tks vk/kqfudrk dh uaxh nkSM+ esa nkSM+ jgk gS mldk Js; cgqr gn
rd vkt ds nkSj esa fufeZr gksus okyh fQYeksa dks gh tkrk gS vxj
mnkgj.k ls le>uk gks rks uCcs ds nkd ds mkjk/kZ esa cuh fQYe
ifjdYiuk le;
twu&2013

(30)

'kkfey gqbZ FkhA LVhV fpYMUl ij vk/kkfjr ;g fQYe fdlh Hkh

fonskh fQYe ls detksj ugha FkhA blds ckotwn twjh us bls voMZ
ds ;ksX; ugha le>kA rhljh ckj vkfej [kku dh ^yxku* dks ysdj
rks bruk tcjnLr ekgkSy cuk fd yxk fd gj gky esa bls
vLdj feydj jgsxk] fdUrq ;g Hkh lQy ugha gqvkA Hkkjrh;
flusek dks xka/kh esa dkLVwe fMtkbfuax ds fy, Hkkuq vFkS;k dks
vLdj feyk gSA blds vykok 1992 esa foo flusek esa vHkwriwoZ
;ksxnku ds fy, lR;thr js dks ekun vLdj voMZ ls vyar
fd;k x;k Fkk] fdUrq o"kZ&2009 Hkkjrh; fQYe m|ksx ds fy, ,d
[kqk[kcjh ysdj vk;k] tc fczfVk Hkkjrh; fQYe Lye Mx
feysfu;j esa **t; gks** xhr ds fy, xqytkj vkSj laxhr ds fy,
,-vkj- jgeku dks vLdj iqjLdkj feykA lqjksa ds cknkkg jgeku
us fganh ds vykok vU; dbZ Hkk"kkvksa dh fQYeksa esa Hkh laxhr fn;k
gSA VkbEl if=dk us mUgsa ekstkVZ vQ ekl dh mikf/k nhA
jgeku xksYMu Xyksc voMZ ls lEekfur gksus okys igys Hkkjrh;
gSAa ,-vkj- jgeku ,sls igys Hkkjrh; gSa ftUgsa fczfVk Hkkjrh; fQYe
Lye Mx feysfu;j esa muds laxhr ds fy, rhu vLdj ukekadu
gkfly gqvk gSA blh fQYe ds xhr t; gks ds fy, loZJs"B
lkmaMVSd daikbysku vkSj loZJs"B fQYeh xhr dh Js.kh esa nks
xzSeh iqjLdkj feysA xqytkj dks o"kZ 2002 eas lkfgR; vdkneh
iqjLdkj vkSj o"kZ 2004 esa Hkkjr ljdkj }kjk fn;k tkus okyk
rhljs loksPZ p ukxfjd lEeku in~e Hkw"k.k ls Hkh lEekfur fd;k tk
pqdk gSA o"kZ 2009 eas MSuh c;y funsZfkr fQYe Lye Mx
feysfu;j eas muds }kjk fy[ks xhr t; gks ds fy, mUgsa loZJs"B
xhr dk vLdj iqjLdkj fey pqdk gSA blh xhr ds fy, mUgs xzSeh
iqjLdkj ls Hkh lEekfur fd;k tk pqdk gSA
dqy feykdj ns[kk tk, rks Hkkjrh; flusek us vius lkS
o"kksZa dh ;k=k ds nkSjku dbZ egRoiw.kZ iM+ko dks ikj fd;k gS] ftls
guqeku dwn ls de ugha dgk tk ldrkA
ifjdYiuk le;
twu&2013

(31)

iqLrd ppkZ

&'kdhy fln~ n hd+h

dFkk d`fr;k ;FkkFkZ ds izfr vkxzgh gksus ds la?k"kZ lfQ+;k vkSj ve`rk ls vkxs tkrs gq, Hkkjrh; L=h ds la?k"kZ
ckotwn dYiuk ds lgkjs dh eksgrkt jgh gSAa [kkVh okLrfodrkvksa dk foLrkj xzg.k djrk gSA bl :i esa og eq[kj :i esa bl =klnh
ij vk/kkfjr gksus ij HkhA miU;kl esa ;g eksgrkth dgkuh dh dks mHkkjrk gS fd xqykeh ls vktk+nh dh vksj vk, ,d nsk esa L=h
vis{kk vf/kd gksrh gSA ;FkkFkZ vFkok okLrfodrkvksa dks Hkh dh csfM+;k ogh gSa] mldh oapuk, vkSj ;kruk ds volj mie
rksM+uk&ejksM+uk iM+rk gS] mUgsa lokjuk fcxkM+uk iM+rk gS fd Hkh ogh gSaA laln] U;k;ky;] izkklu vkSj /keZxq: lc mlds
cgq/kk mUgsa tl dk rl izLrqr ugha fd;k tk ldrkA 2011 esa f[+kykQ+ ,d iafDr esa gSaA eqfLye L=h ds fy, 'kjhvr vfrfjDr
izdkfkr pfpZr ysf[kdk uwj t+ghj dk miU;kl ^viuk [kqnk ,d fofk"V foijhrrk gSA miU;kl dk uk;d vCckl tkQ+jh] tks Li"V
vkSjr* dh Hkh ;gh fLFkfr gSA gkiZj dkfyUlls vk;k 286 i`"Bh; ;g gh dE;qfuLV Hkh gS] blesa le;kuq:i ifjorZu dk izcy leFkZd
miU;kl njvLky muds vaxszth miU;kl ^ekbZ xkM bt+ , oweu* gSA og ekurk gS fd bZeku vkSj dkuwu nks vyx okLrfodrk, gSA
dk mUgha ds }kjk fd;k x;k fgUnh vuqokn gSA izdV u fd, tkus ^viuk [kqnk ,d vkSjr* dk dky[k.M chloha lnh ds os lkB&lRRkj
ds ckotwn miU;kl mudh ek jft+;k lTTkkn t+ghj ds thou o"kZ gaS] tks ?kVuk iw.kZ rks gSa gh] egRoiw.kZ Hkh gSa] bu o"kksZa esa cM+h
la?k"kZ ij vk/kkfjr gS] ftldk [k+klk fgLlk muds ifr ;kuh uwj rCnhfy;k ?kfVr gqb]aZ L=h eqfDr ds LoIu dks Bksl oSpkfjd&rkfdZd
ds firk rFkk Hkkjrh; lkaLd`frd bfrgkl ds ,d cM+s O;fDrRo vk/kkj blh vof/k esa izkIr gqvk] U;k; ds fy, okftc la?k"kZ Hkh rst
lTtkn t+ghj ds la?k"kZ ds lkFk tqMk+ gqvk gSA miU;kl ds yxHkx gq,A ;g vof/k gS] pkSFks nkd ls 'kkg ckuks dsl dk loksZPp
lok lkS i`"B fnYyh esa eap dykvksa dk /ka/kk djus okyh ve`rk U;k;ky; ds QSlyk vkus rd ;kuh 1985&86 rdA bl QSlys
xksfoUn mlls tqMs+ dykdkjksa ds la?k"kZ dk fooj.k fy, gq, gSAa bl us Hkkjrh; lekt vkSj jktuhfr esa ,d Hkwpky lk iSnk dj fn;kA
xzqi ls tqMs+ gksus ds dkj.k ;g la?k"kZ jft+;k dk Hkh gS] tks miU;kl 'kjhvr dks ysdj lcls T;knk izu Hkh rHkh mBsA L=h ds izfr
esa lfQ+;k ds uke ls izLrqr gSA FkksMk+ o`gRrj :i esa nsf[k, rks ;g 'kjhvr ;kuh bLyke ds joS;s dks ysdj vusd mkstd cglksa us
ifjdYiuk le;
twu&2013
(32)

tUe fy;kA gkyr ;g Fkh fd QSlys dk fojks/k djus okyksa dks

bLyke o eqfLye eq[kkfyQ+ eku fy;k x;kA miU;kldkj us mu
{k.kksa dh Hk;kogrk dks idM+us dk iz;kl fd;k gS] bl e esa dbZ
psgjksa dh rqPNrk Lor% m?kM+ vkbZ gS&
^QSlyk vkus esa vk/kk ?k.Vk yxkA QSlyk ftlus ,d
fNgkj lky dh vkSjr dks bTTk+r ls thus vkSj ejus dk gd+
fn;kA rd+jhcu mruk gh le; yxk] eqfLye nqfu;k esa dgj
cjik gksus esa og d+gj tks lqizhe dksVZ esa pqUkkSrh nsrs gq, iwN jgk
Fkk fd ge viuh vkSjrkas dks HksM+ cdfj;ksa dh rjg D;ksa u j[ka]s rqe
gesa dqN dgus okys dkSu gksrs gksA* i`"B 246
lfQ+;k bl QSlys ds i{k esa [kM+h gksrh gS] viuh csVh
flrkjk ds lkFkA ogh lfQ+;k tks y[ku ds ,d vfr pfpZr o
izfrf"Br ifjokj ds vkDlQksMZ fjVuZ lS;ntk+ns vCckl tkQ+jh
;kuh lTtkn tghj dh iRuh gSA tks 'kjhvr esa le;kuqlkj
ifjorZu dk izcy i{k/kj gSA L=h eqfDr dk xaHkhj leFkZd gSA
lfQ+;k 'kkg ckuks dk lkFk nsus ds fy, vdsyh chekjh dh gkyr
esa fnYyh ls bankSj tkrh gS] tgk fo"ke ifjfLFkfr;kas esa mldh ekSr
mlds thou o la?k"kZ dk iVk{ksi djrh gSA bl rjg pkSFks nkd
esa vkjEHk gqvk L=h vfLerk vkSj vktk+nh dk la?k"kZ ukSos nkd esa
nq[kn fLFkfr;ksa dk fkdkj gksrk gSA pkSFks gh nkd ds pkSFks o"kZ esa
fooknkLin dgkuh laxzg ^vaxkjs* izdkfkr gqvk] fdlh Hkh Hkk"kk esa
L=h ljksdkjksa dh] ftlesa eqfLye L=h ds ljksdkj izeq[k gSa] bruh
fkr Hkjh vfHkO;fDr igyh ckj gqbZ Fkh] bl pkSFks nkd esa lfQ+;k
dk fookg vCckl tkQ+jh ds lkFk gqvk vkSj izxfrkhy ys[kd la?k
dk igyk o nwljk jk"Vh; vf/kosku HkhA uwj us blh pfpZr dgkuh
laxzg ^vaxkjs* dks yiVsa uke fn;k gS] blds izdkku o"kZ dks cnyrs
gq, mUgksua s mlls tqM+s vusd i{kksa dks dFkk dh t+:jr ds vuq:i
b/kj&m/kj fd;k gSA T+;knk fparktud ;g gS fd mUgkaus s ;g rF;
izfrikfnr djuk pkgk gS fd dE;qfuLV ikVhZ us ^yiVa*s fy[kus rFkk
eqlyekuksa dh Hkkoukvksa dks Bsl igqpkus ds vkjksi esa vCckl
tkQ+jh dks ikVhZ ls fudky fn;k FkkA 'kkg ckuks izdj.k esa Hkh og
rF; jksirh gSa fd loksZPp U;k;ky; ds QSlys ij ekfDlZLV ikVhZ
us ekSu lk/ks j[kk ;k QSlys dk fojks/k fd;kA blh rjg ve`rk
xksfoUn ds dyk laLFkku esa cksul dh ekx dks ysdj pys dykdkjksa
ds vkanksyu esa ikVhZ usrkvksa ds pfj= dks udkjkRed crk;k gSA fu%
lansg ikVhZ ;k ikVhZ usrkvksa dks bu reke udkjkRedrkvksa ls iwjh
rjg eqDr ugha ekuk tk ldrk ysfdu ;FkkFkZ dks ,dne myV
nsus dks vo; gh dFkk lkfgR; esa rF;ksa dh okLrfodrk dh
iM+rky xSj equkflc gS] dqN yksx bls dFkk fojks/kh izo`fr Hkh dg
ldrs gSa] fQj Hkh ;fn dFkkud ,sls thou dks ysdj cquk x;k gS]
ftlds rF; ;k ?kVukdze cgqr lkoZtfud gksa] rc ,sls loky
t:j [kM+s gks ldrs gSa D;ksfa d blls /kkj.kk, curh ;k fcxM+rh gSAa
^yiVa*s gh og iqLrd gS tks furkar /kkfeZd ifjikVhoknh
?kjkus dh lfQ+;k ds vCckl tkQ+jh ls 'kknh dk izeq[k dkj.k cuhA
vCckl ds okfYknSu ,slh cgw pkgrs Fks] tks /kkfeZd gks vkSj ukfLrd
vCckl dks] HkVds gq, vCckl dks lgh jkLrs ;kuh etgc ds jkLrs
ij yk ldsA gqvk blds foijhrA lfQ+;k dkQh gn rd vCckl
ds jax esa jaxrs gq, vk/kqfud] rdZ esa fookl djus okyh] :f<+
Hkatd efgyk cu xbZA viuh vfLerk] vkRefu.kZ; dk vf/kdkj
equ"; ds :i esa lEekutud thou dh iw.kZrk] vkRe fuHkZjrk

ifjdYiuk le;

ftldh izeq[k fpark, cuha] vCckl gj dne mlds lkFk FkkA bu

fparkvksa dks ysdj mldk igyk Vdjko vCckl dh okfynk ysMh
t+hur csxe ls gqvkA /kkfeZd :f<+;ksa vkSj lkearh laLdkjksa esa fyIr
mudh gSfl;r ifjokj esa rkukkkg dh lh Fkh] vCckl vkSj lkfQ+;k
us leosr :i esa bl rkukkkgh dks pqukSrh nhA ;g pqukSrh gh ckn
esa O;Dr dh xbZ etkt+ dh bl bPNk dks iwjk djuk Fkk fd ^^rsjs
ekFks ij ;g vkpy cgqr gh [kwc gS ysfdu] rw bl vkapy ls bd
ijpe cuk ysrh rks vPNk FkkA** bl rjg vkSjr ls balku cuus
dh tn~nkstgn 'kq: gksrh gSA ysMh th+ur ls Vdjko dk eryc
gS] ijkftr ewY;ksa] tM+ laLdkjksa rFkk et+gch lRrk ls Vdjko] fd
ysMh th+ur dh bl lRrk ls xgjh lkB&xkB gSA bl Vdjko dh
vkjafHkd ifj.kfr gksrh gS ,sfrgkfld 'kkunkj dksBh ls rFkk losZUV
DokVZlZ esa iukg ysus esa ftls miU;kl esa lkxj iskk] kkfxnZ iskk
dgk x;k gSA jkhn tgk dh dgkuh ^flQ+j* blh ?kVuk ij vk/
kkfjr gSA la;ksx ls miU;kl esa jkhn tgk t+kfgnk ds :i esa ekStnw
gSa vkSj lfQ+;k o vCckl ds la?k"kZ esa izfr iy muds lkFk gSa] ;gh
gky dkR;k;uth ds :Ik esa jkgqy lkad`R;k;u rFkk bjQ+ku ds :Ik
esa etkt+ dk Hkh gSA
miU;kl esa dbZ {k.k ,sls vk, gSa tgk uwj t+ghj dh
lkgfldrk vfHkHkwr djrh gSA bls mnwZ dh efgyk dFkkjksa }kjk
O;Dr cksYMusl dk vxyk iM+ko Hkh dg ldrs gSaA fgUnh efgyk
dFkk ys[ku esa 'kCnc) gqbZ cksYMusl ls ;g FkksMk+ vyx bl vFkZ
esa gS fd blds ljksdkj oSpkfjd Hkh gSa vkSj T+;knk cM+s Q+yd ij
?kfVr gksrh gSA udkjkRedrkvksa ds lkFk gh lgh] vius [kkunku
ds oSHko dk c[kku uwj us Hkh fd;k gS ysfdu mUgksaus ftl csckdh
ls bl oSHko ds L;kg igyqvksa vkSj neudkjh izo`fk dks rkj&rkj
fd;k gS] og okLro esa fojy gSA miU;kl crkrk gS fd lTtkn
tghn dh izfl) ^nqykjh* dh nqykjh dks] tks ,d [kjhnh gqbZ ykSM
a h
gS] xHkZorh djus okyk dksbZ vkSj ugha vCckl tkQjh dk cM+k HkkbZ
gh FkkA jkt+ [kqyus ij dqN jd+e nsdj mls ?kj ls fudky fn;k
tkrk gSA ckn esa og ,d txg ejh gqbZ ikbZ tkrhA tSls ysMh
t+hur ds tfLVl ifr] vCckl tkQ+jh ds firk] lfQ+;k ds llqj
lQ+nj tkQ+jh rFkk mudh vaxzst izsfedk ,d taxy esa cqjh rjg
?kk;y voLFkk esa iM+s feyrs gSa izsfedk rks tku ls tkrh gS vkSj
tfLVl vikfgt gksdj geskk ds fy, fcLrj ls yx tkrs gSAa bl
rjg ysMh t+hur dk ifjokj esa ,d N= lkezkT; dk liuk iwjk
gqvkA og ugha pkgrh Fkha fd tfLVl lkgc dks vdwr lEifk dk
dksbZ vkSj fgLlsnkj Hkh gks vkSj ;g fd lS;j t+kns ifr dh larku
fdlh fQjafxu ds xHkZ ls gksA og ;g Hkh ugha pkgrha fd muds v/
kehZ ukfLrd iq= vCckl tkQjh dks ftlds f[k+ykQ y[ku ds
'kkgh beke us lkekftd cfg"dkj dk Q+rok lkfnj fd;k gS] bl
tk;nkn ls ,d y[kkSjh ;k dkSMh+ Hkh nh tk,] vCckl vkSj lfQ+;k
ftl tk;nkn dks Bksdj ekjus dk QSlyk igys ls fd, gq, gaSA
bu {k.kksa esa ysf[kdk dks fir` lkkRedrk dh opZLo oknh ekufldrk
ds uaxis u dks csckdh ls m?kkM+ ikus dk dkSky gkfly gSA mu {k.kksa
esa Hkh tc vCckl tkQ+jh tsy esa gSa vkSj lfQ+;k igys izlo ds fy,
vLirky esAa ftl fnu mls vLirky ls Nqh feyrh gS] mlh fnu
lkxj isks ;kuh losZUV DokVZj esa rkyk Mky fn;k tkrk gS rkfd
lfQ+;k le> ysa fd izfrf"Br ifjokj dh fokky dksBh ds njokts
mlds fy, geskk ds fy, cUn gks x, gSaA ;gk rd fd losZaV

twu&2013

(33)

DokVZj ds HkhA lfQ+;k [kqys eSnku esa isM+ ds lk, esa viuh igyh
larku dks] tks ,d csVh gS] nw/k fiykrh gSA ;g csVh gh ^flrkjk*
gS] flrkjk tks HkVds gq, ifFkdksa dk lgkjk gksrk gS tks dy ek
cusxh vkSj vxyh ihf<+;ksa dh tUe nk=h tks gksxhA ;ks)k dy ds
la?k"kksZa dh&;g tkurs gq,] ^dksbZ yM+kbZ vdsys ugha yM+h tkrh]
dksbZ thr Hkh rUgk gkfly ugha gksrhA og ;q) dk ijpe pkgs u
Qgjk,] ;q) gksxk rks mlh dh otg lsA og ykS u lgh] ysfdu
og 'kkUr Bgjk gqvk rsy gksxh] tks [+kkekskh ls rjD+d+h dh ykS dks
tyk, j[ksxhA mlh dh otg ls ykS ftUnk jgsxh] HkHkddj cq>
ugha tk,xhA og tks ckj&ckj tUe ysxh] D;ksafd /kjrh dh xqtj+ ]
cxSj txR/kk=h ds ugha gks ldrh] og gLrh tks v/ksjs tT+c djds]
vlk/kkj.k] loZ 'kfDreku] loZO;kihA vxj dksbZ [kq+nk gS vkSj ogh
ft+Eesnkj gS] d+qnjr dh eqrokfrj j+rkj dk] rks og [k+qnk vkSjr
ds flok dkSu gks ldrk gSA*
;g 'kCn lfQ+;k ds fy, dgs x, gkas ;k flrkjk ds fy,
blls D;k vUrj iM+rk gSA fparu dh ;g /kkj L=h ek= ds fy,
gSA vkyhkku lQ+nj eafty NksM+rs gq, lfQ+;k lksprh gSA ^og
iyV dj mu csfM+;ksa dks nksckjk rks ugha igu ldrh] ftUgsa mlus
udkj fn;k Fkk] D;k dHkh og fnu vk;sxk tc 'kjhvr nksckjk
fy[kh tk,xh] dHkh mlesa vkSjr dh Hkh vkokt+ 'kkfey gksxh\ dc
[kq+nk ;g QSlyk djsxk fd og iq#"kksa }kjk 'kksf"kr ugha gksuk
pkgrk\ dc fdlh et+gc esa dksbZ vkSjr iSx+Ecj gksxh\
;gk ;g fopkj djus dh vko;drk gS fd L=h ds
iSx+Ecj cu tkus ls vFkok L=h izHkqRo okys fdlh /keZ ds vk tkus
ls D;k lpeqp L=h eqf dk liuk lkdkj gks ldsxkA lkekftd
lajpuk esa cqfu;knh ifjorZu rFkk lEifk ds LokfeRo dh orZeku
O;oLFkk ds jgrs vkSj iq#"k dh ekufldrk dks cnys fcuk L=h dh
lkekftd voLFkk esa cM+s gh ifjorZu laHko ugha gS\ vkf[kj caxky
esa ek nqxkZ dh] dqN nwljh nsfo;kas dh vkjk/kuk Hkh O;kidrk esa gksrh
gSA ckotwn blds fir`lkk dh l?kurk ogk dbZ vapyksa dh vis{kk
vf/kd tfVy gSA
L=h igys ijk/khu gqbZ ;k /keZ dh mRifk us mls ijk/khu
fd;k] cgl ryc gS] ftldh ;gk xqatkbk ughaA
'kkg ckuks izdj.k dks dFkk rRo cukrs gq, vkf[k+j
ysf[kdk ;s dg gh xbZa fd
^kkg ckuks dh yM+kbZ vkfFkZd U;k; dh yM+kbZ gSA*
vkfFkZd U;k; dh yM+kbZ dks laHko djus rFkk eqfDr dk
iwjk pkn ikus ds fy, vk/kqfud fk{kk dks t+:jh ekuk x;k] mRrj
Hkkjr la;q izkar esa jkhn tgk ds firk 'ks[k+ vCnqYykg vyhx<+
dh dksfkkksa ds ckn y[ku esa ekSyoh vkSj tfLVl djker gqlSu
}kjk L=h fk{kk ds i{k eas fd, x;s iz;klksa dk fofk"V egRo gSA
miU;kl ,sls fooj.kksa ls lkekftd fodkl ds bfrgkl dk xokg
Hkh cuk gSA ysMh t+hur ds izcy fojks/k ds ckotwn lfQ+;k bl
dkyst esa ukSdjh djrh gS vkSj vkfFkZd vkRefuHkZjrk dk larks"k
ikrh gSA /keZ xq: vk/kqfud fk{kk ds bl vfHk;ku ds f[k+ykQ+ gSa]
ysfdu u rks eqTrck gqlSu ;kuh djker gqlSu gkj ekurs gSa vkSj
u lfQ+;kA y[ku ds cM+s vkHkw"k.k O;olk;h >qu>qu th ds lkFk
lekt esa fk{kk vfHk;ku ds leFkZd c<+rs tkrs gSaA
^rks bl rjg] nks nksLrksa] ,d mLRkkuh th tks eqTrck
lkgc ds fjrs dh cgu Fkha vkSj izkFkfed xf.kr vkSj d+qjvku

ifjdYiuk le;

i<+krh Fkha] ,d vaxzsth vkSj lkabl dh Vhpj] ,d Mkboj] usd

bjknksa vkSj cx+Sj rke>ke ds vkB eqlyeku vkSj nks fgUnw yM+fd;ksa
ds lkFk lkftnk gqlSu eqfLye xYlZ dkyst [kqykA grs esa Ng
fnu gjs insZ okyh Hkwjh cl] jcM+ Hkksaiw ctkrs Mkboj jkhn dh
fuxgckth esa] ukS cts dh ,lsEcyh ls igys igqpus dh gksM+ esa
y[ku esa ls [kM+[kM+krh /kwy mM+krh xqt+jrhA*
dkyst vkSj lfQ+;k ds chp fjrksa dks ysdj jkspd
vfiz; izlx
a vkrs gSa] :f<+okn dk foLQksV HkhA bl izf;k esa vkxs
c<+us ls drjkrs ,d lEkkt ds dbZ =kln fcEc Hkh mHkjrs gSaA
ftldh pje ifj.kfr lfQ+;k dks ukSdjh ls fudky nsus ds :Ik esa
gksrh gSA bl chp nsk vaxzst+ksa dh xqykeh ls vkt+kn gks pqdk FkkA
lfQ+;k ,d tEgwjh nsk esa ukSdjh ls fudkyh xbZ D;ksafd y[ku
ds 'kkgh beke us mlds ifr ds f[k+ykQ+ lkekftd cfg"dkj dk
Q+rok tkjh dj j[kk FkkA
x+qykeh ls vkt+knh dh vksj vk, nsk esa lekt fdruk
eq gks Ikk;k FkkA L=h ds ca/ku rks ogh FksA /keZ vc Hkh lkekftd
fodkl ds iFk dh cM+h ck/kk cuk gqvk FkkA vaxt
sz pys x, Fks ysfdu
iq#"k dk vkf/kiR; d+k;e FkkA uwj t+ghj ds 'kCnksa esa dgsa rks
eqlyeku enksZa ds fy, laHkksx vc Hkh lcls l`tukRed dke Fkk&
lQ+nj eafty vkSj eqTrck dkyst ls fudkyh xbZ lfQ;k xksn esa
uotkr fkkq fy, Hkfo"; ds fup; dks fugkj jgh Fkh] mEehn dh
fdlh fdj.k dh rykk esaA ikyh ds fo}ku] ;k;koj] vCckl]
tkQ+jh ds fe= dkR;k;uth mls jkg fn[kkrs gSaA
mudk i= ysdj og fnYyh xU/koZ laLFkk dh ekyfdu
ve`rk xksfcUn jke ls feyrh gSA u`R; o vfHku; dyk dk /ka/kk
djus okyh bl laLFkk esa og ,d u, thou dh vksj c<+rh gS
ikS#"kh vkf/kiR; iwth dh ped vkSj dykdkjksa ds 'kks"k.k dk u;k
vuqHko tU; v/;k; mlds lkeus [kqyrk gSA iq#"k vkf/kiR; ds
vf/kd Hk;kog rqPN n`; mlds lkeus vkrs gSaA
lfQ+;k ds dkuksa essa dksbZ tSls dg jgk Fkk&^ftl fnu rqe
Lohdkj dj yksxh fd HkkX;] fd+Ler tSlk dqN ugha gS] rqe viuh
ftUnxh cnyuk 'kq: djksxh* cnyrh gqbZ lfQ+;k T++;knk cny
tkrh gSA L=h ckgjh nckoksa ls viuh psruk vkSj bPNk ls cnyrh
gS] gkykr Hkh cnyrs gSa mls lekurk lEiw.kZ eqf dk fk[kj mls
u rks /kkfeZd d+kuwuksa ls feyus okyk gS] u lafo/kku ds laj{k.k lsA
og feysxk mls ubZ lkekftd lajpuk vkSj eqfDr dh foosdiw.kZ
oSKkfud lekurk lsA
vrhr ls tM+ fpUru ls eqBHksM+ djrk ;g miU;kl
Hkfo"; ds fy, ,d lqUnj liuk jprk gS] vkSj ;g gd+hd+r gS fd
nqfu;k dks lokZf/kd lqUnjrk rFkk lqUnj lius L=h gh us fn, gSaA
;FkkFkZ dF; dh 'kf gksrh gSrks fopkj/kkjk lTtk rFkk
dYiuk lkSUn;ZA bl iw.kZrk dks ikrs gq, jpuk tgk la?k"kZ ls tqMr+ h
gS] ogh ed+ke gS viuk [+kqnk ,d vkSjrA
miU;kl @ uwj tghj@
gkiZjdksfyUl] ubZ fnYyh
lkekftd lajpuk ds Hkhrj
fNik gS L=h eqfDr dk liuk

twu&2013

'kdhy fln~ nhd+h

,e0vkbZ0th0 317] Qst&
+ 2
eksckby % 09839123525

(34)

Toyar eqnn~ k

&Mh-ds- 'kq D yk

mkj izns'k esa xqV[kk iku elkyk ij izfrca/k ds ek;us

^^xqV[kk [kkvks xky xykvks]
viuh vFkhZ [kqn mBokvks**
dsoy dkuwu cukuk gh
bl leL;k dk lek/kku ugha gS]
vfirq ,d lkekftd tkx:drk
;kstuk pykuh pkfg, rFkk yksxksa
dks blds nq"izHkko ds izfr tkx:d
cukuk pkfg,A ,d lkekftd
tkx:drk izksxzke] tks miyfC/k
dqN o"kksZa esa izkIr dj ldrk gS]
og 'kk;n dkuwu lSdM+kas o"kksZa esa Hkh
izkIr u dj ldsA
gekjs lekt esa izfrfnu iku elkyk ,oa xqV[ks dk iz;ksx
c<+rk tk jgk gSA gekjs ;qok oxZ esa mldk iz;ksx vf/kd gks jgk
gSA ns'k esa gj lky yk[kksa yksxksa dh ekSr] eq[k dSalj ds dkj.k gks
jgh gSA gkbZdksVZ dh jksd ds dkj.k IykfLVd ikmp rks cUn gks
x;k] ysfdu bldks [kkus okyksa dh dksbZ deh ugha gqbZ gSA iku
elkyk ,oa xqV[kk [kkdj] yksx b/kj&m/kj Fkwdrs utj vkrs gSaA
pyrh cl esa cSBk O;fDr ckgj Fkwd nsrk gS] og ;g ugha
lksprk fd mldk Fkwd] lM+d ij pyus okys lkbfdy o
eksVjlkbfdy okyksa ds ij iM+ ldrk gSA blh izdkj lkbfdy
o eksVjlkbfdy okyk O;fDr Hkh lM+d ij pyrs le;] iku
elkyk [kkdj Fkwd nsrk gS] tks fd iSny pyus okyksa ds ij iM+
tkrh gS] ftlds dkj.k dHkh&dHkh ekjihV dh ukScr rd vk tkrh
gSA vki fdlh Hkh dk;kZy; o vkfQl esa pys tk,] 'kk;n gh dksbZ
vkfQl gksxk] tks vkidks lkQ&lqFkjk fn[kkbZ nsxkA vkfQl dh
lhf<+;ksa o dksuksa esa vkidks gekjh ^^lH;rk o laLdkj** fn[kkbZ iM+
tk,xkA vkfQl esa dk;Z djus o dk;Z djokus okyk O;fDr] tks
bldk lsou ugha djrk gS] mldk eu ogk igqprs gh fopfyr gks
tkrk gSA iku elkyk [kkus okyk O;fDr] fdlh Hkh txg] dgha Hkh
Fkwd nsrk gSA vius ?kj ls izkjEHk djrs gq,] lM+d] vkfQl]
vLirky] uflZax gkse] cl LVS.M] jsyos LVs'ku] Vsu] ikdZ vkfn
lHkh txg xanxh QSykrk utj vk tk,xkA lkoZtfud LFkyksa ij
iku elkyk ,oa xqV[ks dk iz;ksx izfrcaf/kr gSA tqekZus ,oa ltk
nksuksa dk cksMZ yxk gksrk gS] ysfdu blds ckn Hkh yksx Fkwdrs utj
vk tkrs gSaA Vsu] vkfQl o lkoZtfud 'kkSpky; dh lhV ij]
mruh xanxh ugha fn[kkbZ nsrh] ftruh fd mlds dksuksa esa iku
elkys ,oa xqV[ks dh xanxh gksrh gSA vLirky ,oa uflZx
a gkse] tgk
fnu esa dbZ ckj lkQ&lQkbZ gksrh gS] ogk Hkh yksx ihd ekjus ls
ugha pwdrsA gekjh ljdkj }kjk pkjckx ,oa vkyeckx esa] iSny

ifjdYiuk le;

lM+d ikj djus okyksa ds fy, lqUnj QqVvksoj fczt dk fuekZ.k

djk;k x;k gS] ysfdu vkt fLFkfr ;g gS fd ij ls fudyus esa
f?ku lh vkrh gSA gekjs ns'k esa fons'k ls i;ZVd ?kweus vkrs gSa] os
gekjs bl rjg ds vkpj.k dks ns[kdj D;k lksprs gksaxs\ gesa bl
ckjs esa Lo;a fopkj djuk gksxk fd ge lekt o vkus okyh ubZ
ih<+h dks D;k ns jgs gSa ^^Fkwd o xanxh**A ge iku elkyk ,oa xqV[ks
dk lsou dj jgs gSaA gekjs ?kj esa dksbZ cPpk] bldk lsou izkjEHk
dj nsrk gS] rks ge mls jksd ugha ikrs] D;ksafd ge ;g [kqn [kk
jgs gSa vkSj xanxh QSyk jgs gSaA ,f'k;k esa lcls vf/kd eq[k dSalj]
mRrj izns'k ds dkuiqj 'kgj esa gh ik;k x;k gS] ftlesa efgykvksa
dh la[;k vf/kd gS] D;ksafd m|ksx gSaA ekuuh; gkbZdksVZ lHkh
ljdkjksa dks 1 vizSy ls xqV[kk izfrcaf/kr djus dk vkns'k ns pqdh
gSA ljdkj }kjk lkoZtfud LFky ij Fkwdus ij tqekZus o ltk dk
cksMZ yxkus ls ;g lekIr ugha gksxkA ljdkj dks vkfQl o
dk;kZy; esa dk;Z djus okys deZpkfj;ksa dks vkfQl ds vUnj]
fdlh Hkh izdkj dk iku elkyk o xqV[kk vkfn ds lsou ij iw.kZr;k
jksd yxkuh pkfg,] D;ksafd os [kqn [kkrs gS]a vkSj vkfQl dk;kZy;
esa dk;Z djokus okys O;fDr] muds fy, viuh tsc esa j[kdj ykrs
Hkh gSAa esjk lq>ko gS fd] vkfQl] dk;kZy;] uflZx
a gkse] vLirky
,oa lHkh ljdkjh Hkouksa ds lhf<+;ksa ds fdukjs yxus okys VkbYl
dks] Iysu u yxkdj] /kkfeZd VkbYl yxk nsuk pkfg,] ftlls ogk
Fkwduk iw.kZr;k cUn gks tk;A blds lkFk&lkFk bldk lsou djus
okys lekt ds lHkh oxksZa dks] blds izfr tkx:d gksuk gksxk fd
ge lekt dks nwf"kr u djs]a D;ksafd dgk x;k gS&^^ge lq/kjsaxs lc
lq/kjsaxs] lc lq/kjsaxs tx lq/kjsxk**A dbZ lkekftd laxBu Hkh
lekt dks blds izfr tkx:d dj jgs gSaA nhokjksa vkSj gksfMZax]
if=dkvks]a Vh0oh0] foKkiu ds ek/;e ls Hkh tkx:d fd;k tkrk
gSA

twu&2013

(35)

ifjdYiuk le; dh egRoiw.kZ igy

^U;w ehfM;k vkSj fganh dk oSfod ifj;*

nks fnolh; varjkZ"Vh; ifjlaokn

dkBek.Mw]13&14 flracj 2013

ifjlao kn dk Lo#i%
tSlk fd vki lHkh dks fofnr gS fd ifjdYiuk lewg ds
laLFkkid fgUnh ds ofj"B lkfgR;dkj vknj.kh; johU Hkkr th
dh sj.kk ls U;w ehfM;k vkSj fganh dk oSfod ifj;
fo"k; ij nks fnolh; varjkZ"Vh; ifjlaokn dk vk;kstu ifjdYiuk
le; ds }kjk 13&14 flracj 2013 dks dkBek.Mw esa fd;k tk jgk
gSA ;g ifjlaokn pkj l=ksa esa lEiUu gksxk] ftlesa eq[; frik|
fo"k; U;w ehfM;k vkSj fganh dk oSfod ifj; ij uhps vafdr
mi fo"k;ksa ij oSpkfjd eaFku l=ksa ds lkFk gh nks l= mYys[kuh;
Cyxjksa ds lEeku vkSj lfEeyu dk Hkh gksxkA m ds vfrfj
ikqifrukFk] cks)ukFk] Lo;aHkwukFk] njokj LDok;j vkfn eq[k 22- lksky ehfM;k vkSj vfHkO;f ds [krjs
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13- Cyfxax esa usikyh Hkk"kk vkSj usiky
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16- Hkkjrh; {ks=h; Hkk"kkvksa dh bZ if=dk,
dk;Ze dh foLr`r tkudkjh http://www.parikalpnaa.com/2013/
17- fganh ds v/;;u&v/;kiu esa baVjusV dh Hkwfedk
05/blog-post.html ij ns[ksa ;k fQj bZ&esy parikalpana.samay
18- Cyfxax ls tqMs+ egRoiw.kZ lkVos;j
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cuus dks vki vkeaf=r gSa!
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twu&2013
(36)

pkScs th dh pkSiky

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twu&2013
(37)

ibZlk nsds geuh ds nw/k fi;r jguh gs l tokuh ek vksruk VSDl

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lkk eujsxk tSlh ;kstukvksa ds pO;wg esa Qlkdj [kqn ?kksVkyksa

dh tehu rS;kj djus esa yxh gSA mls egxkbZ] Hkw[k] vHkko esa
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le;** ds lnL; cusa vkSj cuk,

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uksV % lnL;rk cSad MkV vFkok eYVh flVh psd ls ^ekyk pkScs* ds uke Hkstsa euhvkMZj ls lnL;rk 'kqYd Hkstrs
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ekyk pkScs
laiknd@izdk'kd

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twu&2013

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twu&2013

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