ORGANIZATIONAL BEHAVIOR ORGANIZATIONAL COMMUNICATION

NUZUL FARISYA AHMAD FADZIL YANG IDURA MOHD YUSOF BM770/2P

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Communication - Definition
The sharing of information between two or more individuals or groups to reach a common understanding

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Importance of Good Communication

Increased efficiency in new technologies and skills Learning, Implementing, Training Expands workers skills Improved quality of products and services Subordinates communicate problems and solutions for increasing quality to superiors

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Importance of Good Communication

Increased responsiveness to customers Empowered workers lower response time to satisfy customer wants and needs More innovation through communication Cross-functional teams communicating effectively produce higher quality products more efficiently

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The Communication Process

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Communication Issues
Verbal Communication The encoding of messages into words, either written or spoken Nonverbal The encoding of messages by means of facial expressions, body language, and styles of dress

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Nonverbal Communication
Nonverbal Communication - all elements of communication that do not involve words Four basic types Proxemics - an individuals perception & use of space Kinesics - study of body movements, including posture Facial & Eye Behavior - movements that add cues for the receiver Paralanguage - variations in speech, such as pitch, loudness, tempo, tone, duration, laughing, & crying

Barriers to Communication

Communication Barriers factors that block or significantly distort successful communication

Physical separation Status differences Gender differences Cultural diversity Language

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The Dangers of Ineffective Communication

Managers and their subordinates can become effective communicators by: Selecting an appropriate medium for each messagethere is no one best medium. Considering information richness (the amount of information a medium can carry). A medium with high richness can carry much more information to aid understanding. Is there a need for a paper path or electronic trail to provide documentation of the communication?
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Communication Networks
Communication Networks The pathways along which information flows in groups and teams and throughout the organization. Choice of communication network depends on: The nature of the groups tasks The extent to which group members need to communicate with each other to achieve group goals.

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Communication Networks
Pathways Vertical Manager to upper level managers Manager to subordinates (direct reports) Lateral Manager to other managers

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Communication Networks
Communication Network

Formal

Informal

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Organization Communication Networks

Organization Chart A pictorial representation of formal reporting channels in an organization. Communication in an organization flows through formal and informal pathways Vertical communications flow up and down the corporate hierarchy. Horizontal communications flow between employees of the same level. Informal communications can span levels and departmentsthe grapevine is an informal network carrying unofficial information throughout the firm.
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Formal and Informal Communication Networks in An Organization

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Formal communication network

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Communication Networks in Groups and Teams

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Communication Networks in Groups and Teams

Type of Network
Wheel Network Chain Network Information flows to and from one central member. Members communicate only with the people next to them in the sequence.

Wheel and chain networks provide little interaction. Circle Network All-Channel Network Members communicate with others close to them in terms of expertise, experience, and location. Networks found in teams with high levels of communications between each member and all others.
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Information Richness of Communication Media

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Collaborative Work Environment

New Technologies for Communication
Informational databases Electronic mail systems Voice mail systems Fax machine systems Cellular phone systems

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Technological Advances in Communication

Internet Global system of computer networks used by many firms use it to communicate with their suppliers. World Wide Web (WWW) Provides multimedia access to the Internet. Intranets A company-wide system of computer networks for information sharing by employees inside the firm.

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How Do New Technologies Affect Behavior?

Fast, immediate access to information Immediate access to people in power Instant information exchange across distance Makes schedules & office hours irrelevant May equalize group power May equalize group participation

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 Communication can become more impersonal interaction with a machine Interpersonal skills may diminish -less tact, less graciousness Non-verbal cues lacking Alters social context Easy to become overwhelmed with information Encourages polyphasic activity

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Defensive Communication
Defensive Communication - communication that can be aggressive, attacking & angry, or passive & withdrawing Leads to injured feelings communication breakdowns alienation retaliatory behaviors nonproductive efforts problem solving failures

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Non-defensive Communication
Non-defensive Communication - communication that is assertive, direct, & powerful Provides basis for defense when attacked restores order, balance, and effectiveness

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Two Defensiveness Patterns

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Defensive Tactics
Defensive Tactic Power Play
Put-Down

Speaker Boss
Boss

Example Finish this report by months end or lose your promotion.

A capable manager would already be done with this report.

Labeling
Raising Doubts

Boss
Boss

You must be a slow learner. Your report is still not done?

How can I trust you, Chris, if you cant finish an easy report?

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Defensive Tactics
Defensive Tactic Misleading Information Speaker Employee Example Morgan has not gone over with me the information I need for the report. [Morgan left Chris with a copy of the report.]
Morgan did not give me input until just today. You cant be serious! The report isnt that important. I gave it to the secretary. Did she lose it?

Scapegoating Hostile Jokes Deception

Employee Employee Employee

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Tips for Effective Communication

Thank You

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