Nathaniel Kuffner 5/17/13 7 Spartan Input Chart

GOVERNMENT Sparta was an oligarchy ruled by a Council of Elders. The council consisted of 2 Kings and 28 elders (Age 60+). Elections were basically a shooting match. The loudest support meant victory!

ECONOMY Spartans relied on slaves (Helots) and noncitizens (Perikoi) to farm the land, sculpt pottery, sew clothing, and repair weapons. They also relied on trade with other countries. Spartans would purchase their goods with heavy iron bars instead of using coins. EDUCATION Boys and girls were expected to be disciplined and strong. Babies were left to die if they seemed to be weak. At the age of 7, boys were sent to the barracks to begin their military training. They were taught to suffer immense pain without any complaint; to steal without being caught; to fight and intimidate others. At age 20 they had to pass a physical and strategic exam before they could become a true Spartan soldier and citizen. WOMEN Girls were also expected to be tough. They trained in archery and gymnastics. Spartan women had more rights than most Greeks. They looked after their husbands property during times of war. Spartan women were also free to speak with other men, even marry a second husband if her first husband was gone from battle too long.

Nathaniel Kuffner 5/17/13 7 Spartan Input Chart

Use the previous pages and the British Museums Sparta Website to complete the following. Write complete sentences with specific details and analytical explanations from the texts. DO NOT PLAGARIZE. PARAPHRASE USING YOUR OWN VOCABULARY. Be thorough in your answers. Input Charts are the primary source for Unit Exams (30% HISTORY category), use as study guide. PROMPT 1.) What type of government did the Spartans use? What does this reveal about Spartan society? 2.) Who was expected to farm, sculpt, and metalworking in Spartan society? What does this reveal about the role of citizens in Spartan society? 3.) Describe the steps a Sparta male had to endure to become a full soldier and citizen. What does this reveal about the expectations of masculinity in Spartan culture. YOUR ANSWER The Spartans used an oligarchy. This reveals that lower class citizens were treated horridly, and they had to entertain the rulers often. Many people rebelled because of the unfair ruling. Slaves were expected to farm, sculpt, and metalworking in Spartan society. This reveals that if slaves were doing peoples jobs, upper class citizens did nothing but sit around and be entertained. First, if they seemed weak as a child, they were left to die. Next they had to go to barracks at the age of seven to train. Then at the age of 20 they had to pass an exam to become a soldier. This reveals that they had super high expectations for their men, and if you couldnt meet them, you would be slaughtered. Spartan women were different from most Greek women because they had more power in what they do. This reveals that women too had to be able to kill, and take care of themselves. If they couldnt be independent, they wouldnt be excepted in Spartan culture. Sparta transformed from a place of craftsmanship into a military-oriented city because since they were big farmers and sculptures, they wanted more land so they could use its resources. They gathered their army and fought for the land, but they almost lost. They then realized that it is more important to protect our land with an army than use our people to work.

4.) How were Spartan women different from most Greek women? (Be specific) What does this reveal about the expectations of femininity in Spartan culture? 5.) On the website, click the link for Story, read the story and provide the one possible reason that Sparta transformed from a place of craftsmanship into a military-oriented city.

Nathaniel Kuffner 5/17/13 7 Spartan Input Chart 6.) On the website, click the link for Explore, select the drawer for Food and Feasting. Explore each of the 5 objects and explain the important insights indicated about Greek culture through food and feasting. The feasting objects included many aspects of art, religion, and social structure. The water jar was used to mix water with wine because they believed that only barbarians drank it neat. The man at feast represents social class because the lower people brought in soup, while the upper class brought in meat. Arisaios was a minor God how to make important Greek foods. The Skyphos was also used for drinking water wine, but everybody drank from one whether upper or lower class. A lot of the religious items were taking sculpted with care. They must of taken a long tame to make, which make them significant. Most of the items were used to give offerings to the Gods. I learned the it was a rough 13 years that children had to go through to become Spartan soldiers. They were beaten, left in the wilderness, and trained to kill just so they could become a soldier. The scary thing is that every boy had to do it. They were unmonitored most of the time, and if they messed up a little, they would die. They were also encouraged to steal just so they could survive.

7.) On the website, click the link for Explore, select the drawer for Religion. Explore each of the 8 objects and explain the important insights indicated about Greek culture through religion. 8.) On the website, click the link for Challenge, complete the challenge steps, and then reflect on your learning and questions stemming from the experience.