Hoc Autocad * M u: I .Cc bc chun b bn v: 1.

1 nh n v bn v: (lnh: UNITS) G lnh: UNITS s xut hin hp thoi DrawingUnits nh trong movie sau cc bc down v tham kho nha: http://www.megaupload.com/?d=UYSYBT61 Cc thng s Tiu Bo chn l : - Length: Decimal (milimet) - Angle: Deg/Min/Sec ( pht giy) - Precision: chn 0 - Drag and Scale: Milimeters - Chiu quay: ngc chiu kim ng h ( khng chn clock wise) - Derection: East Cui cng nhn OK l ta chn xong n v o. :p 1.2 Gii hn bn v: (Lnh: MVSETUP; LIMITS ) G lnh MVSETUP - Tiu Bo :p s hi bn ( Enable paper space ? ) - Chn No - Tiu Bo :p tip tc hi (Enter Units Type? ) - Chn Metric Xut hin Autocad text Windown - Enter the scale factor: ( t l bn v Tiu bo chn bn v 1/100) : 100 - Enter the paper width: ( Chiu rng ca kh giy chn kh giy A4) : 297 - Enter the paper height: ( Chiu cao ca kh giy chn kht giy A4) : 210 => Nhn Enter l bn hon thin qu trnh chn gii hn bn v (Vi khung giy A4, t l bn v 1/100). Bng lit k kh giy theo n v mm: Ao: 1189x841 1 inch = 1"=25,4mm A1: 841x594 1 foot=1'=12"=304,8mm A2: 594x420 A3: 420x297 A4: 297x210 Bc II: Text Style - Toolbar --> Format - -> Text Style; - Trn mn hnh s xut hin mt bng Text Style; Trong phn Style Name chn New ri ly mt tn no m bn thch (V d : TieuBao :p) Tip n l chn Font ch (Tiu Bo chn Font VnAvantH; phn ny cc bn tu chn ; kiu ch (Regular); ( Ring phn Height bn 0.0000). => Bn no cn Font cad chuyn dng th c th PM cho Tiu Bo nha. Bc III: Dimension Slyle Manager - Toolbar --> Format - -> Dimension Slyle Manager ; - Trn mn hnh s xut hin mt Dimension Slyle Manager Bn chn New => Chn mt ci tn m bn thch Tiu Bo chn l Dim 1-1 :p, Start chn theo mc nh ca Autodest l STANDARD (cc phn khc gi nguyn) => Continue => Xut hin New Dimension Slyle Dim 1-1 Trong hp thoi Dimension Slyle Tieu Bao bn iu chnh cc thng s cn thit sau: Lines: - cc thng s trong mc ny bn c th tu chn theo mnh, chng iu chnh cc thng s ca ng ging kch thc, Symboys and Arrows: - cc thng s trong mc ny cc bn cng c th t tm hiu, c g th PM cho Tiu Bo nha hihi, cc thng s ny cng iu chnh v ng kch thc... Text: - Text style: bn chn kiu ch m bn va to trn, vd: Tieu Bao - Text height: vi bn v t l 1/100 bn ln chn l 150 - 250 l va ( Ghi ch: khi cc bn to Text Style bn height l 0.00 th khi vo Dimension Slyle bn c th chn chiu cao ch theo mnh, nu bn height trong phn text style bn chn bao nhiu th sau ny s ko thay i trong Dimension Slyle, v khi vo phn nng cao s rt kh s dng okie ) - Vertical: chn Above - Horizontal: Centered

- Offset fromdimline: l khong cch t ng kch thc ti ch : bn chn 50 100 l va tu vo t l bn chn. - Text Alignment: bn ln chn Aligned with Dimmnsion lines Primany Units: - Units Fomat: ci ny cc bn chn Decimal, v phn trc chng ta cng chn Decimal cho phn n v trong bn v. - Precision: chn 0 => cc thng s cn li cc bn t iu chnh nu ci no ko bit c th gi nguyn hoc PM ln din n TB d dng hng dn . sau khi chn xong tt c theo mnh bn nhn OK => tip nhn SetCurrent chp nhn Dim Style m bn va to ra. Ch : phn quan trng nht trong Dimension Slyle l Scale factor trong th mc Primany Unitsci ny th bnh thng cc bn c th khng cn thay i, nhng l mt Pro Cad Design cc bn ln bit v phi bit. - Cng dng ca Scale factor to cc Dimension Slyle (DT) theo cc t l khc nhau. V khi vic v nhiu t l trong cng mt bn Cad khng cn l chuyn kh na. cn v vic to DT th cc bn c th lm theo cch to DT bnh thng nh trn. nhng khi chn New DT bn phi chn Start With l kiu Dim no m bn mun bt u. V D: Ti to kiu Dim u tin l: Dim 1-1 vi t l 1/100 (nh hng dn trn) Tip theo to mt Dmtyle vi t l 1/50 ( cng mt bn Cad nhng to gp i) = Chn New => chn tn DT l Dim 1-2; chn Start with l Dim 1-1 (bn trn) => Continue => Primany Units => Scale factor => chn thng s l 1/2 hoc 0,5 hihihih => nhn OK => Set current => Close vy l bn bc u hon thnh cng vic to cc Dim style phc v cho mt bn v Pro m bn sp thc hin. Nhng cng vic v chun b bn v n y a s l hon thnh 2. To Layer: (Lp v i tng) - Nhp lnh: LA - n vo New to mt lp mi. V d: Trc ct - Thit lp thng s cho lp (2 thng s hay dng: Color - Mu sc; Linetype Kiu ng) Vi lp Trc ct mnh thng dng mu s 8 v kiu ng l center. thit lp mu bn n tri chut vo giao nhau gia ct color v hng c tn lp trc ct, hin ra bng mu bn g vo s mu hoc n tri chut mu bn thch. thit lp kiu ng thng bn n vo giao gia hng tn lp v ct linetype (cad mc nh l conti...) bn n vo Load hin ra danh sch cc dng ng thng ko thanh s chut v chn ng kiu ng m bn thch. Nhn OK 2 ln bn hon tt vic thit lp lp trong Cad. - Mc ch: Khi bn dng cc lp v cc i tng khc nhau sau ny bn s qun l bn v ca mnh rt d dng. Dn dn s hng dn c th cc cng c qun l bn v. 3. Thit lp kiu/dng ng thng: - Nhp lnh LT - Hin ra ca s sau:

 ly mt kiu ng sn c trong th vin bn p vo Load. chn kiu ng hin thi bn n tri chut chn kiu ng ri n Current hin th thng tin chi tit bn n Show detail xa mt kiu ng c bn n Delete thit lp t ca ng thng bn nhp vo 2 Scale. Nh rng: Global Scale factor: T l tng th ca tt c cc ng; Current Object Scale: T l ca kiu ng c chn hin thi. (Ci ny mnh khng chc chn lm) Cng c Linetype ny rt hu ch khi bn v bin php thi cng. Bn c th to ring cho mnh 3 loi ng (ng in - ng nc - Hng ro). Nu v khong cch ca ng qu nh th bn c th cho tng khong cch gia chng ln. Bng cch l bn chnh thng s trong Linetype Scale Cch n gin nht l bn nhn t hp phm CTRL+1 hin ra thanh cng c Properties, tip bn chn i tng m bn mun scale. ri bn thay thng s trong phn Linetype Scale l okie roi hihi. ( Ch : bn c th s dng thanh cng c Properties hiu chnh hoc thay i ton b thng s ca mt i tng. ci ny n qun l hay lm v cn nhiu cng dng khc, Cc Lnh v c bn: 2.1.V on thng: (Lnh: LINE): a/ Cng dng: v cc i tng l on thng b/ Nhp lnh: Line hoc L c/ C php lnh: - Command: L - LINE Specify first point: (Chn im P1 bt k lm im th 1) - Specify next point or [Undo]: ( Chn im P2 hoc p U ) - Specify next point or [Close/Undo]: (Chn im tip theo hoc p C, U) + p Close : ng kn ng gp khc + p Undo : Hu b mt on va v 2.2 V na ng thng ( Lnh: RAY ) a/ Cng dng: v i tng l na ng thng ( ng gii hn mt u ) b/ Nhp lnh: RAY ( hoc dng lnh L nh phn trn TB ni n ) c/ C php lnh: Command line: Ray <Enter> Specify start point: im bt u P1 Specify through point: im i qua P2 Specify through point: im i qua tip P3, P4,...

Bn c th v bao nhiu ng tu thch,im khc bit ca lnh RAY vi lnh Line l bn c th v mt ng thng gii hn mt u, cn u kia th di v hn. y l mt lnh rt hu ch cho vic v hnh chiu cnh. cc bn ch tm hiu nha. 2.3. V ng trn ( Lnh Circle) a/ Cng dng: v i tng l ng trn b/ Nhp lnh: g lnh Circle hoc C c/C php lnh: Command: C CIRCLE Specify center point for circle or [3P/2P/Ttr (tan tan radius)]: T y ta c cc cch v ng trn sau: 1. v ng trn bng tm v bn knh ( Center and radius ) Command: c CIRCLE Specify center point for circle or [3P/2P/Ttr (tan tan radius)]: Nhp to tm Specify radius of circle or [Diameter]: Cho bn knh ( hoc p D cho ng knh) => vy l chng ta c ng trn th 1 2.v ng trn qua 3 im: 3P Command: c CIRCLE Specify center point for circle or [3P/2P/Ttr (tan tan radius)]: 3P Specify first point on circle: cho im th 1 Specify second point on circle: cho im th 2 Specify third point on circle: cho im th 3 => vy l chng ta v c hnh trn th 2 :p 3. V ng trn qua 2 im ( 2 u mt ca ng knh): ci ny cng tng t nh lnh trn. ta p 2P ( cc bn t tm hiu tip nha ) 4.V ng trn tip xc vi 2 ng Line v bn knh R : Command: c CIRCLE Specify center point for circle or [3P/2P/Ttr (tan tan radius)]: Ttr Specify point on object for first tangent of circle: Chn ng th nht m ng trn tip xc, lu chn im cng gn im tip xc cng tt Specify point on object for second tangent of circle: Chn ng th 2 m ng trn tip xc lu chn im cng gn im tip xc cng tt Specify radius of circle: nhp bn knh ng trn cn v. => vy l chng ta v c ng trn th 3 5. V ng trn qua 3 ng Line cng tng t nhng khi nhp lnh ta lm nh sau: Trn thanh cng c: Draw => Circle => Tan, Tan, Tan lm tng t phn 4 nhng giai on cui ta ko nhp bn knh m chn im tip xc ca ng Line th 3. 2.4. V cung trn ( Lnh ARC) a/ Cng dng: v i tng l cung trn b/ Nhp lnh: Arc hoc A c/C php lnh: ./ Cc cung trn c v theo chiu ngc chiu quay ca kim ng h ./ C nhiu cch v cung trn a. Cung trn qua 3 im: Command: A ARC Specify start point of arc or [center]: Cho P1 Specify second point of arc or [Center/End]: Cho P2 Specify end point of arc: Cho P3 => vy l ta v c mt cung trn ri b. V cung trn qua im u, tm, im cui * ( Tiu Bo dng hnh nh chp c t mt bi hc c ca TB nha):

Tip tc cc lnh v nhng hnh c bn: Lnh v hnh ch nht G lnh: Rec Enter an option or specify a point: Nhp t kha (Ch ci vit hoa [Chamfer/Elevation/Fillet/Thickness/Width] hoc nhp 1 im. Nu bn nhp 1 im s ra bng chn di y:
Hnh ny c thu nh kch thc. Kch vo y xem hnh vi kch thc gc, nguyn bn l 668x487 v dung lng l 59KB.

Tip tc c 2 la chn: 1. Nhp nh cn li 2. G D ri Enter: Nhp chiu di Enter - Nhp chiu rng Enter - Chn hng HCN Cc t kha t mu trn tng ng tng thit lp khc nhau: 1. Chamfer vn gc hnh ch nht (Nhp khong cch vt theo 2 hng X, Y) 2. Elev Cao t hnh ch nht (dng trong bn v 3D) 3. Fillet bo trn 4 gc hnh ch nht (Nhp bn knh) 4. Thickness t dy ng bao hnh ch nht (Dng trong bn v 3D) 5. Width rng 2.5. V a tuyn (Lnh Pline) a, Cng dng: dng v cc i tng l a tuyn (a tuyn l mt ng a hnh c th gm cc on thng v cung trn. Nhng tt c c coi l mt i tng duy nht) b. Nhp lnh: Pline hoc PL c. C php lnh: Command: PL (PLINE) Specify start point: Cho im u ca pline 1. Specify next point or [Arc/Halfwidth/Length/Undo/Width]: <Bn ang ch v on thng> hy chn im th hai ca Pline hoc a ra cc la chn. # p Arc: Chuyn sang ch v cung trn # p Close: ng kn pline bng on thng # p Halfwidth: nh 1/2 b rng pline < y c th hiu nh mt mi tn c im m nhn, cn t im tip theo tr i c rng tng ng la chn> + Specify starting half-width <....>: 1/2 b rng bt u on + Specify ending half-width <....>: 1/2 b rng cui on # p Length: Ko di tip on va v # p Undo: b on va v # p Width: Cho b rng phn on sp v + Specify starting width <....>: B rng bt u on + Specify ending width <....>: B rng cui on 2. Specify endpoint of arc or

[Angle/CEnter/Close/Direction/Halfwidth/Line/Radius/Second pt/Undo/Width]: < Bn ang ch v cung trn> a ra cc la chn ca bn. # p Angle: cho gc v cung # p CEnter: Cho tm cung trn # p Direction: nh hng tip tuyn ca cung # p Close: ng kn pline bi mt cung # p Line: Ch v ch v on thng # p Radius: Cho bn knh ca cung trn # p Second pt: Cho im th 2 v th 3 ca cung # p Undo: B mt phn on va v # p Width: nh rng ca pline. 2.6. V a gic u (Lnh Polygon) a/ Cng dng: V nhng i tng l a gic b/ Nhp lnh: Polygon hoc POL c/ C php: Command: POL (POLYGON) Enter number of sides <4>: Cho s cnh ca a gic Specify center of polygon or [Edge]: Cho tm a gic ( Hoc p E ) * Khi ta cho mt tm bt k ta s c 2 cch v a gic: (p I hoc p C) Enter an option [Inscribed in circle/Circumscribed about circle] <I>: (1) 1. V a gic ni tip ng trn: ta p (I) dng nhc (1) Enter an option [Inscribed in circle/Circumscribed about circle] <I>: (I) Specify radius of circle: Cho bn knh ng trn ni tip => vy l hon thnh a gic ni tip ng trn m bn mun v. 2.V a gic ngoi tip ng trn: ta p (C) dng nhc (1) Enter an option [Inscribed in circle/Circumscribed about circle] <I>: (C) Specify radius of circle: Cho bn knh ng trn ngoi tip a gic => vy l hon thnh a gic ngoi tip ng trn m bn mun v. * Khi ta p E (v a gic bi I cnh E) khi s l: Command: pol POLYGON Enter number of sides <6>: Cho s cnh m bn mun Specify center of polygon or [Edge]: E (p E cho di cnh a gic) Specify first endpoint of edge: Cho im P1 l im mt th nht Specify second endpoint of edge: Cho im mt P2 l im th 2 ca cnh => Enter => bn v c a gic u c cc cnh cng di E m bn cho. Vy l chng ta hon thnh xong lnh v POL (v mt a gic u) 2.7. V hnh Elip (Lnh Ellipse) a/ Cng dng: V i tng l Elip, v khi v Elip ta cn ch ti gi tr bin PELLIPSE - Vi PELLIPSE = 1: th Elip l mt a tuyn gm cc cung trn ghp li ( ta c th coi n nh mt ng PLine) - Vi PELLIPSE = 0: th Elip l ng n, v c th truy bt im nh ng trn. b/ Nhp lnh: ELLipse hoc EL c/ C php lnh: Vi bin PELLIPSE = 0 ta c nhiu cch v Elip nh sau: 1. Cho mt trc v 1/2 trc th 2: Command: EL (ELLIPSE) Specify axis endpoint of ellipse or [Arc/Center]: Cho im th nht ca mt trc P1 Specify other endpoint of axis: Cho im th 2 ca mt trc P2 Specify distance to other axis or [Rotation]: Cho im th ba P3, hoc nhp 1/2 khong cch ca trc cn li * ti y ta c th xc nh trc cn li bng cch p R (Rotation - Quay mt gc) => Vy l c th v Elip ri hihihih 2. Cho tm v 2 trc: Command: EL (ELLIPSE) Specify axis endpoint of ellipse or [Arc/Center]: C nh tm Elip Specify center of ellipse: Cho tm Elip Specify endpoint of axis: Cho mt im cch tm xc nh trc th 2, hoc cho khong cch => Vy l v c Elip th 2 roi,

3. V cung Elip: (p A ti dng lnh trn) Command: EL (ELLIPSE) Specify axis endpoint of ellipse or [Arc/Center]: A Phn ny cc bc t tm hiu nha hihi cng tng t cc phn trc thi, ch khc l ta v xong elips roi ct hai im no to thnh mt cung trn thui hihihi 3.1 Lnh UCSICON a/ Cng dng: thay i, hin, tt Icon... b/ Nhp lnh: UCSicon c/ C php: Command: ucsicon Enter an option [ON/OFF/All/Noorigin/ORigin/Properties] <ON>: # p ON/OFF: Hin th hay tt Icon (Tr li cho cu hi th 1 ca bn 06x8) # p All: Cc thay i c gn vi tt c cc ViewPort (ci ny phn sau s r) # p Noorigin: Hin Icon gc di tri (Tr li cho cu hi th 2 ca bn 06x8) # p ORigin: hin Icon gc h trc mi (ci ny bn t tm hiu vi phn tip nh) # p Properties: ci ny l thay i Icon, bn c th to ra kiu icon m bn thch vi bng UCS Icon => Vt l ta c th qun l c mt ci Icon tht n gin 4.1 Lnh Undo, U hy b lnh va thc hin a/ Cng dng: Lnh ny dng hy b kt qu cc lnh va thc hin xong b/ Nhp lnh: U hoc UNDO c/ C php: (c 2 cch ung lnh hoc bn g U hoc bn g UNDO ) 1. Nu bn g U th mc nh ca Cad s a bn tr li 1 bc vi kt qu ca lnh bn va thc hin. iu ny th n gin ri. khi thc hin sai mt lnh, hoc mun quay li mt im no th bn ch vic U Enter l OK, bn Enter bao nhiu ln th s quay li by nhiu bc. Dng U cng ging nh bn dng Ctrl + Z trong Windows vy... 2. Nu bn g UNDO th c php lnh s nh sau: Command: undo (Current settings: Auto = On, Control = All, Combine = Yes > Ch mc nh khng ln thay i nu bn khng i su vo n) Enter the number of operations to undo or [Auto/Control/BEgin/End/Mark/Back] <1>: #Nu g s n vo th Acad s hy b n lnh trc , tng t nh ta dung U vi n ln Enter y m iihihhi # Mark & Back : nh du lnh va thc hin, bn c th nh du lnh va thc hin nhiu v tr khc nhau, sau ny bn c th dng Back quay li ch va nh du, ( Cad s a bn n ch nh du gn nht m bn Mark) # BEgin & End: bn c th dng chng cho vic tp hp mt nhm lnh trc , thnh mt khi = 1 lnh. sau ny bn c th Undo c mt khi lnh . ch : dng BEgin trc ri dng End kt thc. 4.2 Lnh REDO phc hi i tng sau lnh UNDO a/ Cng dng: TB va hng dn xong lnh Undo,cc bn s thc hnh vi n, nu bn no c Enter mnh qu, l tay Undo lun c lnh khc, th ng lo, hy s dng REDO phc hi li lnh va UNDO nhm . Ch : lnh REDO ch b i c mt bc ca UNDO, b/ Nhp lnh: REDO hoc phm tt Ctrl + Y c/ C php: :p :p :p lnh ny ch c th thi, cc bn bit cn dng 4.3 Lnh REGEN ti to li bn v a/ Cng dng: Khi cc bn dng lnh Zoom, cc i tng l ng trn thng b mo i... lnh ny gip cho ta ti to li ton b bn v, khi y cp nhp cc bin thay i. b/ Nhp lnh: Regen (RE) hoc Regenall # i vi Regen: ch ti to bn v mt khung nhn hin thi # i vi Regenall: Ti to bn v tt c cc khung nhn hin c. 4.4 Lnh v li bn v trn mn hnh, xa du Blip (REDRAW) a/ Cng dng: Cc bn s dng auto cad, chc i ln phi kh chu v mi ln kch chut li li du "+" trn mn hnh; chng bit lm th no, chn, hihi nhng khng sao, gi y, ch vi mt cht hiu bit v n, bn s thy b i mt vn l n gin, Lnh REDRAW s v li bn v trong khung nhn, ng thi xa i du Blip trong

bn v. b/ Nhp Lnh: REDRAW hoc R 4.5 Lnh ERASE xa hon ton i tng trong bn v a/ Nhp lnh: ERASE hoc E (bn cng c th dng Delete bng cch chn i tng ri Delete hihi) b/ C php lnh: Command: E Select Objects: chn i tng cn xo Select Objects: chn i tng tip theo cn xa hoc Enter => vy l xa i tt c nhng g bn mun ri * Sau khi thc hin lnh E, i tng s b xo, mun khi phc li bn c th dng OOPS hoc UNDO 4.6 Lnh BREAK ngt b mt on i tng trong bn v a/ Nhp lnh: Br hoc Break b/ C php lnh: Command: BR BREAK Select object: chn mt im trn i tng (im ny l im u cn xo) Specify second break point or [First point]: Chn im th 2 hoc p F cho li im th 1 cn xo => nh vy bn c th ct mt on gia trong mt ng thng, hoc mt cung trn * Ta cng c th tch i tng ra thnh 2 phn, bng Break: Command: BR BREAK Select object: chn mt im trn i tng (im ny l im gia m ta mun tch i tng) Specify second break point or [First point]: @ ri Enter l xong

7.1 Lnh OFFSET Dng to i tng mi song song vi i tng c chn. Nu i tng c chn l ng trn hoc cung trn, lnh offset s to ra ng trn hoc cung trn ng tm. Command: offset (hoc ) Specify offset distance or [Through] <1.0000>: (nhp khong cch vi i tng c chn) Select object to offset or <exit>: (chn i tng mun offset) Specify point on side to offset: (chn pha ca i tng mi) Select object to offset or <exit>: (tip tc hay thot) La chn Through: thay v nhp khong cch, ta c th chn 1 im m i tng mi i qua bng cch chn T. Command: offset Specify offset distance or [Through] <1.0000>: T Select object to offset or <exit>: (chn i tng mun offset) Specify through point: (chn im m i tng mi i qua) Select object to offset or <exit>: (tip tc hay kt thc lnh) Bi tp: 7.2 Lnh TRIM Dng xn mt phn i tng. on cn xn trong lnh Trim b gii hn bi cc i tng ct. Ta phi xc nh chnh xc cc i tng ct xn ng. Command: trim ( hoc ) Current settings: Projection=UCS, Edge=None Select cutting edges ... (chn i tng ct)

Select objects: 1 found Select objects: (Enter kt thc chn) Select object to trim or shift-select to extend or [Project/Edge/Undo]: (chn phn i tng mun xn) Select object to trim or shift-select to extend or [Project/Edge/Undo]: (tip tc hoc kt thc lnh 7.4 Lnh COPY Dng sao chp mt hoc mt nhm i tng . Ta cn cung cp khong cch gia i tng gc v i tng copy bng mt vector. Vector c xc nh da trn 2 im c th t. Thc hin cc bc nh sau Bc 1 : gi lnh copy (c th tro th t Bc 1 v Bc 2) Bc 2 : chn i tng Bc 3 : nhp vector Command: copy (hoc nhp trn thanh cng c chnh hnh ) Select objects: 1 found Select objects: (Enter kt thc chn i tng ) Specify base point or displacement, or [Multiple]: (nhp im u ca vector ) Specify second point of displacement or <use first point as displacement>: ( nhp im cn li ca vector) 7.5 Lnh MOVE Dng di chuyn mt hoc mt nhm i tng. Tng t lnh copy, lnh move cng i vector khong cch. Thc hin cc bc nh sau Bc 1 : gi lnh move Bc 2 : chn i tng Bc 3 : nhp vector Command: move (hoc nhp trn thanh cng c chnh hnh ) Select objects: 1 found Select objects: (Enter kt thc chn i tng ) Specify base point or displacement, or [Multiple]: (nhp im u ca vector ) Specify second point of displacement or <use first point as displacement>: ( nhp im cn li ca vector) 7.6 Lnh ROTATE Dng xoay i tng. Ta cn xc nh tm xoay v gc xoay. Ch rng hnh ban u s khng cn sau khi xoay. Thc hin cc bc nh sau Bc 1 : gi lnh rotate Bc 2 : chn i tng Bc 3 : nhp tm xoa
---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Bc 4 : nhp gc xoay

Command: rotate (hoc nhp trn thanh cng c chnh hnh ) Select objects: 1 found Select objects: (Enter kt thc chn i tng ) Specify base point: (nhp tm xoay ) Specify rotation angle or [Reference] ( nhp gc xoay)

7.7 Lnh MIRROR Dng ly i xng gng. Ta xc nh gng bng 2 im, v ch cn xc nh phng, khng cn bit hng v di ca gng. Hnh ban u c th c gi li hoc xa tu ta chn. Thc hin cc bc nh sau Bc 1 : gi lnh mirror Bc 2 : chn i tng Bc 3 : nhp 2 im xc nh gng Bc 4 : chn xo hoc gi li hnh c Command: mirror (hoc nhp trn thanh cng c chnh hnh ) Select objects: 1 found Select objects: (Enter kt thc chn i tng ) Specify first point of mirror line: (chn im th nht trn gng) Specify second point of mirror line: (chn im cn li) Delete source objects? [Yes/No]: (chn Y xa hnh c, N gi li) 7.8 Lnh SCALE Dng thay i kch thc ca i tng theo mt t l chnh xc. Ta cn xc nh im gc v t l thay i. Hnh ban u s c xa . T l thay i c th c vit di dng s thp phn (nh 0.5) hoc phn s (nh ). Bc 1 : gi lnh scale Bc 2 : chn i tng Bc 3 : nhp im gc Bc 4 : nhp t l Command: scale (hoc nhp trn thanh cng c chnh hnh ) Select objects: 1 found Select objects: (Enter kt thc chn i tng ) Specify base point: (nhp im gc) Specify scale factor or [Reference]: (nhp t l 7.10 Lnh ALIGN

---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- GV: Nguyn Hong Hin Tra ng 38 Trung tm Tin hc HSP - BI GING AUTOCAD 1 ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- L kt hp ca 3 lnh Move, Rotate v Scale. Thng c p

dng cho cc i tng xut hin nhiu ln trong bn v nhng vi gc v kch thc khc nhau.Ta cn nm c khi nim i tng ngun v i tng ch (l i tng trc v sau khi p dng lnh align) Bc 1 : gi lnh align Bc 2 : chn i tng (ngun) Bc 3 : chn im ngun th nht Bc 4 : chn im ch th nht Bc 5 : chn im ngun th hai Bc 6 : chn im ch th hai Bc 7 : b qua im ngun v im ch th ba (ch chn khi v 3D) Bc 8 : chn c thay i kch thc i tng hay khng Command: align Select objects: 1 found Select objects: (Enter kt thc chn i tng ) Specify first source point: (chn im ngun th nht ) Specify first destination point: (chn im ch th nht ) Specify second source point: (chn im ngun th hai ) Specify second destination point: (chn im ch th hai ) Specify third source point or <continue>: (Enter b qua) Scale objects based on alignment points? [Yes/No] :Y (c thay i kch thc)
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GHI KCH THC LN BN V

Ta c th gi cc lnh ghi kch thc bng cch g lnh Command, hoc nhp chn biu tng lnh trn thanh cng c Dimension Sau y l mt s lnh ghi kch thc thng dng 5.1 Lnh Dimlinear Dng ghi khong cch gia 2 im theo phng ngang hoc phng ng. Command: dimlinear Specify first extension line origin or <select object>: {chn im th nht} Specify second extension line origin: {chn im th hai} Specify dimension line location {chn phng ngang hoc ng} dimlinear dimaligned Cc on thng ko di t im A, B (im cn ghi kch thc) c gi l ng m rng hoc ng ni di (extension line). on thng c 2 u l 2 mi tn, c ghi km kch thc c gi l ng kch thc (dimension line). 5.2 Lnh Dimaligned Dng ghi khong cch tht gia 2 im.. Command: dimaligned Specify first extension line origin or <select object>: {chn im th nht} Specify second extension line origin: {chn im th hai} Specify dimension line location {chn pha ghi kch thc}

5.3 Lnh Dimbaseline Dng ghi kch thc song song. V d nh ghi kch thc cc on AB, AC, AD nh hnh v. Ta cn 1 bc m l ghi kch thc AB bng lnh dimlinear, sau mi gi lnh dimbaseline cho AC, AD Command: dimbaseline Specify a second extension line origin or [Undo/Select] <Select>: {im A c chn sn, ch cn chn C} Dimension text = 168.64
---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Specify a second extension line origin or [Undo/Select]

<Select>: {ch cn chn D} Dimension text = 220.03 5.4 Lnh Dimcontinue Dng ghi kch thc ni tip. V d nh ghi kch thc cc on AB, BC, CD nh hnh v. Ta cn 1 bc m l ghi kch thc AB bng lnh dimlinear, sau mi gi lnh dimcontinue cho BC, CD Command: dimcontinue Specify a second extension line origin or [Undo/Select] <Select>: {ch cn chn C} Dimension text = 106.4 Specify a second extension line origin or [Undo/Select] <Select>: {ch cn chn D} Dimension text = 51.39 5.5 Lnh Dimradius Dng ghi kch thc bn knh ng trn, cung trn. Command: dimradius Select arc or circle: {chn ng trn cn o} Dimension text = 50 5.6 Lnh Dimangular Dng o gc gia 2 line. Command: dimangular Select arc, circle, line, or <specify vertex>: {chn line th nht} Select second line: {chn line th hai} Specify dimension arc line location or [Mtext/Text/Angle]: {chn gc trong hay gc ngoi} Dimension text = 39
5.1. Lnh In: ( Ctrl+P) Command line: ta g t hp phm CTRL+P Khi trn mn hnh s xut hin : Plot - Model

. - Pape setup: phn ny ta ko cn ch n - Printer/Plotter: Chn my in m ta nh in bn v ( Tiu Bo chn my HP LaserJet 5100 PCL 6 c th In A3 ) - Paper size: chn loi bn v A3 hoc A... do cc bn nh. - Number of copies: Bn mun in 1 bn v v copy ra nhiu bn v ging th th hy iu chnh thng s y okie - Plot Area: bn chn Window trong phn what to Plot. sau d kch vo biu tng Window bn cnh ri chn bn v bn mun in. - Plot offset: trong phn ny bn kch chut vo Center the Plot a bn v vo chnh gia. ca kh giy bn chn. ( bn c th chn thng s X, Y cn chnh ln bn v, nhng theo TB th ko cn thit hihi ) - Fit to paper: ci ny mnh cng khng dng n, v vy cc bc kch chut vo Fit to paper b i nh. ( cng dng ca ny l to scale cho bn v trong mt khung giy) => vy l ta iu chnh thng s ban u ca Plot Model ri hhihi - Tip ta bm vo phm mi tn nh gc ca PM ( cnh phim Help y ) - trong phn ny ta ch cn ch n: Plot Style table ( Pen assignments) - cc phn cn li cc bn c th t tm hiu s dng ( nu khng th gi nguyn nha ) * Plot Style table (Pen assignments) bn lm cc bc nh trong hnh v minh ha sau:

Trn Plot Style ta chn New => Star From scratch => Bn t tn ty thch ( ti chn l TieuBao hihihih) => Sau khi bm NEXT trn mn hnh s hin ra Plot Style table Editor TieuBao.ctb: Trong Phn Plot Slyle ta chn ht tt c cc mu ( c th dng t hp phm tt Shift+End hoc c th dng chut ko chn)

Tip theo ta chnh thng s trong phn Properties nh sau:

Trong : - Color bn chn mu en ( khi in en trng) tt c cc nt bn in ra u c t mu en,v m bo khng b m.:p - cc thng s khc bn iu chnh theo Tiu Bo ( v t tm hiu v tnh cht ca n nha) - Ta ch vo phn Lineweight: khi bn chn tt c cc mu, ri chn Lineweight l mt s A th khi in ra bn v ca chng ra t tt c cc nt u bng nhau v bng A ( v d y Tiu Bo t thng s ban u A = 0,1800 mm ) - Bc tip theo ta chn ring mt mu m ta s dng. v d y ti chn mu vng (Color 2) lm Nt Tng ( nt v chnh) => cc thng s vn gi nguyn nh ta va iu chnh bn trn. ta ch thay i thng s Lineweight. ( V d y Tiu Bo chn B = 0,2500 mm )

- Bc tip theo lm nh bc trc, ta ln lt chn cc thng s trong Lineweight cho cc ng nt ( theo mu) m bn s dng trong bn v ( V dL Nt Tim trc C=0,1500mm; Nt Khung tn D=0,700mm.....) cc bn t tm hiu v t nt cho ng qui nh nha hihihihihi. - Bc tip theo bn chn Save As.. nu bn mun lu gi nhng ci t thng s ny. sau ny bn c th dng chng cc bn v c t mu tng ng. - Tip theo ta chn Save & Close ch li Plot Model In Vy l bn to c mt ch in qun l bn v cho ring bn chc mng bn. Ghi ch: Sau ny khi in mt bn v khc bn ch cn chn li Plot Style l okie ri. hoc khi bn mun n my khc in th bn c th Copy file trong ( C:\Documents and Settings\***\Application Data\Autodesk\AutoCAD 2007\R17.0\enu\Plot Styles\ ) ri vo Plot Style li n ra l dng ngon hihihihi

Lnh REC l mt lnh quan trng, TB cng dng kh nhiu trong bn v, bn c th dng rec bng cch na l: Command: rec Specify first corner point or [Chamfer/Elevation/Fillet/Thickness/Width]:bn chn im th nht P1 Specify other corner point or [Area/Dimensions/Rotation]: ti tc g @ P1,P2 Nh vy bn c mt hnh ch nht hoc hnh vung theo kch thc P1, P2 m bn t. ( ghi ch: nh t du " , " gia P1 v P2 nh)