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CERVICAL MUSCULATURE

SPLENIUS CERVICIS
ORIGIN: - SP - thoracic vertebrae (T3-T6) INSERTION: - TP of upper 2-3 cervical vertebrae ACTION: - Together - they extend , hyperextend head - Neck acting on one side - They laterally flex, rotate head, neck

SPLENIUS CAPITIS
ORIGIN: - Lower part of Ligamentum nuche - SP - cervical vertebrae (C7) - Upper thoracic vertebrae (T1-T4) INSERTION: - Mastoid Process (MP) of temporal bone & lateral part of superior nuchal line ACTION: - Together extend, hyperextend head, neck - One side = laterally flex, rotate head, neck

MEDIAL SCALENE
ORIGIN: - TP cervical vertebrae (C2-C6) INSERTION: - Upper surface 1st rib ACTION: - Raises 1st rib (inspiration) - Together flex neck - One side laterally flex, rotate neck

POSTERIOR SCALENE
ORIGIN: - TP of lower 2 -3 cervical vertebrae (C5C7) INSERTION: - Outer surface 2nd rib ACTION: - Raises 2nd rib (inspiration) - Together flex neck - One side laterally flex, rotate neck

STERNOCLEIDOMASTOID
ORIGIN: - STERNAL HEAD: manubrium of sternum - CLAVICULAR HEAD medial part of clavicle INSERTION: MP of temporal bone - Lateral half of superior nuchal line of occipital bone ACTION: UNILATERALLY bends neck laterally, rotates head to opposite side - BILATERAL- flexes neck, draws head ventrally & elevates chin - Draws sternum superiorly in deep inspiration

LONGUS COLLI
ORIGIN: - TP 3 4 5 cervical vertebrae INSERTION: - Anterior arch of atlas INFERIOR OBLIQUE PART ORIGIN: Anterior surface of bodies 1st 3 thoracic vertebrae INSERTION: TP of 5th 6th cervical vertebrae VERTICAL PART ORIGIN: Anterior surface upper 3 thoracic & lower 3 cervical vertebrae INSERTION: anterior surface 2nd, 3rd, 4th cervical vertebrae ACTION: - All 3 flex cervical vertebrae

LONGUS CAPITIS
ORIGIN; Anterior tubercles of TP 3rd 6th cervical vertebrae INSERTION: Occipital bone anterior to forearm magnum ACTION: - Together (bilaterally) flex head - One side rotate head

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