Definition It is defined as the decline in the soil quality caused

through its misuse by human activities. It refers to the decline of the soil productivity through adverse changes in1. Nutrient status 2. Organic matter 3. Structural stability 4. Concentration of electrolytes & toxic chemicals

The importance of soil arises due to following considerations Soil is a natural resource, necessary for plant growth.
Erosion of soil leads to environmental

degradation and therefore needs to be controlled. Soil acts as filter for ground water. It serves as a bearing material for roads, pipelines, buildings, etc.and as a construction material for mud-built houses.

The adverse impacts of S.D. are Soil erosion

Loss of soil fertility Desertification Pollution of the soil Polluted soil contaminates the water

 Deforestation Loss of biodiversity Atmospheric changes-

Role & functions of the Govt. Planning

Organising Directing Implementing Controlling

(Environment policies)