Tng Cng ty Vin thng Qun i Phng k thut ---------------------

Hng Dn x l s c thit b trm BTS 3012

Phin bn 1

2008
o i Ngha - Phng K thut TCT Nng 05/2008 1

Tng Cng ty Vin thng Qun i Phng k thut ---------------------

Hng Dn x l s c thit b trm BTS 3012

NGI LP

NGI PH DUYT

o i Ngha - Phng K thut TCT Nng 05/2008

Phn E: Hng dn x l s c
I. II. Gii thiu chung.................................................................................... 4 1. Cch xc nh li.................................................................................. 4 2. Phng php x l li........................................................................... 4 Cc li thng gp................................................................................ 5 1. Li trn h thng anten feeder............................................................. 5 2. Li truyn dn...................................................................................... 8 3. Li kt ni phn cng.......................................................................... 10 4. Li phn cng..................................................................................... 11 Cc bin php phng nga li.............................................................. 11

III.

o i Ngha - Phng K thut TCT Nng 05/2008

I.

Gii thiu chung

1. Cc cch xc nh li o Nhn c li t cc cnh bo (Alarm) bao gm: 9 Cnh bo t h thng iu khin (Alarm console) 9 Cnh bo t hp cnh bo (Alarm box) 9 Cnh bo t trung tm vn hnh (OMC) o Nhn c li t vic thng k phn tch lu lng o Nhn c li t Driving test o Nhn c li t vic kim tra nh k o Nhn c li t cc phn nn ca khch hng. a. Xc nh thit b li o Nu BSC c li th thng l n s nh hng n mt s trm hoc n s nh hng n tt c cc trm BTS o Nu BTS c li th n s ch nh hng n chnh n v t l chuyn vng thnh cng (handover success rate) ca cc cell ln cn o Trong khi m rng pht trin mng, chng ta c th tro i cc BTS v v th gy ra li cho BSC hoc BTS o Li gy ra bi qu trnh bo dng sai. b. Cc loi li trong BTS o Li Antenna & Feeder o Li truyn dn o Li kt ni phn cng o Li phn cng 2. Phng php x l li a. Phn tch thng tin cnh bo Thng tin cnh bo t h thng cnh bo BSS thng ch th thng qua m thanh, nh sng, n LED v cc biu tng a ra trn mn hnh N bao gm cc m t chi tit v trng thi khng bnh thng, cc nguyn nhn c th, cc gi khc phc, bao gm phn cng, kt ni (link), trung k v t l ti CPU vv... Chng l cc im mu cht phn tch v xc nh li. b. Phn tch cc trng thi ch bo o Cc ch bo c th ch ra cc trng thi lm vic ca mch, ca link, ng truyn quang, node v ca ch active/standby c. Kt qu phn tch thng k lu lng o y l phng php ch yu xc nh li ca phn mm RNO. d. Phn tch kt qu o kim bng cng c, my o o N phn nh li mt cch t nhin qua cc d liu c lng t ha v c th nhn ra c o i Ngha - Phng K thut TCT Nng 05/2008 4

o Mt s loi cng c, my o My phn tch bo hiu (Signaling Analyzer), in thoi test (Test phone) nh my TERM, my Bird (Site Analyzer) vv e. D theo cc giao din (Tracing the Interface) o N c s dng xc nh nguyn nhn gy li kt ni cuc gi ca thu bao v tng tc bo hiu ni i vv... o Kt qu d c th dng tm ra nguyn nhn trc tip gy li cuc gi v xc nh v c vn hoc thu c du hiu cho cc phn tch tip theo. f. Gi kim tra (Calling Test) o y l cch n gin nht v nhanh nht a ra phn on v chc nng x l cuc gi v cc module lin quan ca BSS bnh thng hay khng. g. So snh v tro i o So snh: So snh cc thnh phn li hoc cc hin tng li vi nhng ci bnh thng tm ra s khc bit qua tm ra vn . Phng php ny thng c dng vi cc vn n gin. o Tro i: Nu li khng th xc nh nguyn nhn ngay c khi cc phn t d phng c thay, bn c th tro i cc phn t bnh thng (nh bo mch, si quang vv) vi cc phn t c kh nng b li v so snh trng thi hot ng phn bit ra phn b li. Phng php ny thng c dng vi cc vn li phc tp h. Tt bt /khi ng li (Switching/Resetting) o Cch ny khng xc nh c nguyn nhn li mt cch chnh xc, do c chy li phn mm, li c th s khng xy ra na, v th kh c th bit c nguyn nhn li thc s v khc phc vn . o y l phng php khn cp v ch dng trong trng hp khn cp

II. Cc li thng gp
1. Li trn h thng anten feeder a. BTS feeder system structure

o i Ngha - Phng K thut TCT Nng 05/2008

Phn loi li: Phn loi Li Hin tng Khng c tn MS li truy nhp vo mng, cc cuc gi khng thit lp Trn tn hiu hiu ng c, cuc gi b rt, TRX ri (idle) trong thi gian di ng xung xung (downlink Tn hiu ng signal) Cht lng chuyn i km, vng ph ca BTS b co hp xung yu Khng c tn Cc cuc gi khng th thit lp Trn tn hiu hiu ng ln ng ln nhy thu ca (uplink signal) Cht lng chuyn i km, vng ph ca BTS b co hp BTS yu C cnh bo sng Cnh bo VSWR ti DDPU Li h thng ng VSWR Feeder-Anten Cnh bo b K C b khuych i tp m thp LNA ti DDPU tp m thp LNA b. Cc li hay gp trn ng xung o M t 9 Khng c tn hiu ng xung 9 Tn hiu ng xung yu o Phn tch 9 Khng c tn hiu ng xung B1: Xem li cc cnh bo c v cc cnh bo thi giam thc OMC hoc trm bng phn mm local maintenance console B2: Nu c cnh bo sng ng nghim trng DDPU th phn ln kh nng l do khi DTMU tt b khuych i cng sut lm cho khng c tn hiu u ra. Cch x l: Kim tra VSWR ca tuyn antena-feeder bt u t im jumper u vo DDPU. Nu VSWR vn nm trong gii hn cho php th tip tc xc nh li bng phng php khoanh vng nh sau: B3: V hin tng l khng c tn hiu ng xung, v vy im li phi nm trong ng tn hiu RF. Nu im li c xc nh nm trong phn t cng ra ca DDPU ti antenna trn nh ct, th DDPU s pht hin c v a ra cnh bo VSWR. Nu khng ng th c th kt lun l im li nm gia u ra ca TRX ti u ra ca DDPU. Cch x l: Kim tra cp kt ni gia cc cng DTRU TX1, TX2 vi DDPU TXA, TXB hoc DTRU TCOM vi DDPU TXA, TXB l ng. o i Ngha - Phng K thut TCT Nng 05/2008 6

B4: Nu cc cch lm trn vn khng tm c li th thay DDPU. B5: Nu cc cch lm trn vn khng tm c li th thay DTRU. 9 Tn hiu ng xung yu: Triu chng ca li ny l vng ph ca BTS hoc ca cc sng mang b thu hp. Cch x l nh sau: B1: Kim tra cng sut u ra ca TRX l bnh thng. B2: Kim tra ch s VSWR o c ti DDPU l bnh thng. B3: Kim tra suy hao xen ca ng truyn qua DDPU. B4: Kim tra cc u ni lin quan n ng tn hiu RF c bt cht. c. Cc li thng gp trn ng ln o M t 9 Khng c tn hiu ng ln 9 nhy thu ca BTS yu o Phn tch 9 Khng c tn hiu ng ln B1: Th thay th ng feeder-antenna khc cho ci khng c tn hiu ng ln Nu tn hiu ng ln c khi phc ng feeder mi th chc chn ng feeder nguyn gc l c vn . Nu hin tng vn lp li th DDPU c vn . Kim tra li cc cp ni gia RXA1-4 v RXB1-4 vi cc ng RXM1, RXD1, RXM2, RXD2 l ng (theo cu hnh). B2: Nu li vn cha c khc phc th thay DDPU, v lp bn ghi lin quan n tnh trng li v nh km DDPU b li; Ch : Khi phc li kt ni antenna feeder v trng thi ban u ca n. Khi thay i antenna feeder m bo rng: Hai antenna - feeders tng ng s trong cng cell/sector Kt ni antenna ln c khi phc v trng thi ban u sau khi xc nh c li. Nu khng vng ph ca cell c th s b nh hng. y l cc nguyn tc c bn phi tun th, khi s dng phng php ny gii quyt vn . 9 nhy thu ca BTS yu Kim tra VSWR ca antenna feeder Nu n qu ln th chng t kt ni ca mt phn t no trong tuyn antenna feeder RF l km cht lng. Nu VSWR l bnh thng th cc ch s nng lc knh thu ca DDPU nh li (gain), h s tp nhiu (noise factor). o i Ngha - Phng K thut TCT Nng 05/2008 7

9 nhy thu ca BTS yu Cc lii thng thng s c th c xc nh bng cch pht trin cc phng php trn. Nhng s khng th trnh c mt s li khng th xc nh c theo cc phng php ny, v n khng phi l cch kim tra ton din. V d: li gim v h s tp nhiu tng trong trng hp ca b khuych i s khng c phn nh trong trng thi hot ng v li s khng th xc nh c. Vic to cc bn ghi r rng v trng thi li s rt hu ch cho cc phn tch su hn sau . d. Cc li thng thng trn h thng feeder o M t 9 Cnh bo VSWR trn DDPU o Phn tch 9 Cnh bo sng ng Kim tra VSWR ca h thng antenna - feeder. Nu n thp hn 1.5, m cnh bo DDPU VSWR vn c to ra th cnh bo ny s c xem nh l mt cnh bo li v cn phi thay DDPU. Nu VSWR l cao hn 1.5, th cn iu chnh cc kt ni antenna feeder cho n khi VSWR thp hn 1.5 Tiu chun lp t yu cu VSWR thp hn 1.3 2. Li truyn dn a. M t o Bng iu khin cnh bo (Alarm console) 9 Bo BIE (BTS Interface Unit) mt ng b PCM, c cnh bo LAPD_OML o Chng trnh iu khin thng k lu lng 9 T l chuyn giao thnh cng, t l rt cuc gi ca cell l bt thng. o Phn nn ca khch hng 9 Khng th gi, cht lng ti, rt cuc gi b. Cc nguyn nhn o Thit b truyn dn, bo mch hoc lung E1 b li 9 Nhiu loi thit b truyn dn th s c nhiu li o M ng dy, m pht hin, sa li dng khc loi nhau (HDB3, CRC4) o Cht lng kt ni lung E1 ti 9 N s gy ra cht lng km hoc lung truyn dn b chp chn o T l li bit cao High BER (bit error rate) 9 Truyn dn Vi ba v HDSL c bit l khi tri ma o Li h thng tip t o i Ngha - Phng K thut TCT Nng 05/2008 8

c. Li truyn dn loi 1: E1 chp chn o Tin trnh x l o Cc nguyn nhn c th l thit b truyn dn, bo mch hoc lung li 9 B1: Thc hin kim tra self-loop test pha BTS v kim tra n ch th LIU ca card TMU l tt. Nu n LIU khng tt th vn nm trong card TMU thay card TMU. 9 B2: Thc hin kim tra self-loop test v pha BSC v kim tra ch th E1 ca bo BIE ca BSC l OFF. Nu BIE khng OFF, th vn nm thit b truyn dn. 9 B3: Kim tra phn mm qun l truyn dn NM v kim tra cc cnh bo lin quan. Da trn cc cnh bo (nu c) ny bn c th xc nh vn nm thit b truyn dn. 9 B4: Nu khng c ci no li th vn nm kh nng tng tc gia thit b truyn dn v BSC (hoc BTS) d. Li truyn dn loi 2: Cnh bo OML thng xuyn o Tin trnh x l L do c th l lung E1 c u tip t cng tc khng tt hoc thit b truyn dn li. 9 Kim tra card TMU trong BTS kim tra thit lp tip t cho lung E1. 9 Kim tra in tr ca u ni E1 v rack my o tnh trng cch ly. 9 Kim tra u ni E1 trong DDF (khi lp t) c u t 9 Kim tra v ca thit b truyn dn E1 c u t 9 Kim tra ton b h thng s dng cng mt h thng ni t. Nu khng sa i li cho ng, ri kim tra xem vn c khc phc cha. 9 Nu vn khng c khc phc sau cc bc o kim tra trn th vn nm thit b truyn dn, lung truyn dn E1 hoc card giao din E1. Kim tra kt ni v thc hin kim tra loop test khoanh vng xc nh li. 9 Kim tra phn mm NM v kim tra cc cnh bo lin quan. V x l n theo cc hng dn ca thit b truyn dn. e. Trng hp li in hnh: OML chp chn do E1 tip t sai. o M t OML ca trm thng xuyn b gin on v ch th tng ng ca E1 u BSC nhy lin tc. Phng my t trn nh i cao 300m. Phng t thit b truyn dn cch xa 20m. 9 Ti trm, k s O&M tm thy cc vn sau: Lung E1 c u t v c kim tra ng DIP switch u ni E1 c bo v cch li vi v t my. Cp tip t cng tc c u ni vi h thng t ca phng my. o i Ngha - Phng K thut TCT Nng 05/2008 9

 DDF v tt c cc khung kim loi c ni ti cp tip t ca phng my. u ni E1 tip xc vi khung kim loi ca DDF Khng c chng st cho lung E1 c s dng n ch th ca lung E1 nhy nhanh o Tin trnh x l 9 B1: self-loop lung E1 ti nh t BTS nhn c n ch th cp lung E1 l OFF BTS l OK. 9 B2: self-loop lung E1 trn DDF v nhn n ch th cp lung E1 l OFF lung E1 t BTS n DDF l OK 9 B3: self-loop v BSC trn DDF v thy trng thi E1 l OFF E1 t BSC n DDF l OK 9 B4: Tt ngun ca TMU ri bt li, vn li 9 B5: Tho lung E1 ra khi DDF, vn li 9 B6: Ngt kt ni E1 nh t BTS, tt ngun v tho TMU. Kim tra in tr gia v u ni E1 nh t v cp tip t ca t my th thy chng cch ly vi nhau ( bnh thng) 9 B7: Thay i TMU DIP switch sang v tr tng ng tip t ca cp lung E1 thnh OFF (khng ni t), vn li 9 B8: Tho u kt ni E1 ra khi DDF thay i TMU DIP switch sang v tr tng ng tip t ca cp lung E1 thnh OFF (khng ni t). Ht li 9 B9: xc nhn li, thay TMU (vi cp E1 khng c ni t). v u ni E1 tip xc vi DDF th thy n ch th E1 trn TMU nhy nhanh Li 9 Khi phc li TMU ban u v tho u ni E1 ra khi DDF, li bin mt. 3. Li kt ni phn cng Trng hp li in hnh: cnh bo VSWR do cp t o M t: Trn phn mm O&M trm BTS, c mt TRX trong mt sector c n cnh bo , alarm console ch ra cnh bo TRX VSWR. Trm va c lp mi. 9 Ti trm k s O&M tm thy cc vn sau: Cp RF gia TRX vi DDPU c kt ni tt Dy nhy RF ti DDPU cng c kt ni ng Cp RF (dy nhy) gia DDPU v thit b chng st c kt ni. o Tin trnh x l: 9 B1: Kim tra tt c cc kt ni t TRX n ng feeder chnh v chng st vn cht li tt c cc ch ni, nu vn vn cn th n khng nm kt ni. 9 B2: Ni DDPU ca sector b li n feeder-antenna ca mt sector tt khc, n cnh bo TRX vn , tc l h thng antenna v feeder khng c li, phc hi li cc kt ni. o i Ngha - Phng K thut TCT Nng 05/2008 10

9 B3: Thay TRX li bng mt ci mi, cnh bo TRX vn , tc l TRX khng c vn , khi phc li nh c. 9 B4: Thay cp gia TRX v DDPU, vn bin mt Vn l cp b t trong khi vn chuyn. 4. Li phn cng Trng hp li in hnh: Trm b li do TRX li o M t Trm khng c lu lng v khch hng phn nn rng h khng th gi in. 9 N l mt trm omni-directional v ch c mt TRX 9 Ti trm, k s O&M tm thy cc vn sau: Tt c cc card u ng v tr v tt c cc n ch th u khng c cnh bo H thng Antenna v feeder tt H thng tip t tt H thng ngun tt o Tin trnh x l 9 B1: Kim tra trn h thng iu khin OMC, tm thy cch bo link radio trong trm. 9 B2: Kim tra trn h thng iu khin O&M OMC BTS khng c card no . 9 B3: Kim tra phn mm ca cc card, tt c u ng 9 B4: Thay card TMU bng mt ci mi, vn li, phc hi li nh c. 9 B5: Reset li TRX v thay tt c cc kt ni n TRX bng ci mi, vn li, phc hi li nh c. 9 B6: Thay i TRX bng mt ci mi, vn bin mt li nm TRX

III. Cc bin php phng nga li

Cc bin php phng nga li cho BTS 1. Phn cng: Tiu chun lp t l quan trng nht o Cn ch hn cho u ni E1 o Cn ch hn cho u ni feeder o Cn ch hn chng thm nc cho h thng antenna v feeder o Kim tra xc nhn h thng chng st v tip t c bo v 2. Kim tra trng thi lm vic o H thng iu khin O&M BTS u tin thc hin ly cnh bo ca tt c cc trm multi-site fault query, ri th loi b cc li theo cc m t cnh bo v cc gi khc phc. Nu bn khng th khc phc li ngay th cng phi xc nh c nguyn nhn li. 3. Thc hin gi th calling test cho tt c cc khe thi gian. o i Ngha - Phng K thut TCT Nng 05/2008 11