Thit k phn xng sn xut bt chanh dy ha tan

Mc lc
Li m u Chng 1: Lp lun kinh t
1.1 La chn nguyn liu...................................................................................................4 1.2 La chn sn phm.......................................................................................................5 1.2.1 Cc loi sn phm t chanh dy..............................................................................5 1.2.2 La chn sn phm bt chanh dy...........................................................................6 1.3 La chn a im xy dng phn xng....................................................................7 1.3.1 Nguyn tc la chn a im..............................................................................7 1.3.2 a im t phn xng......................................................................................7

Chng 2: Quy trnh cng ngh

2.1 Nguyn liu 2.1.1 Nguyn liu chnh.................................................................................................10 2.1.2 Nguyn liu ph....................................................................................................11 2.2 Quy trnh cng ngh 2.2.1 S quy trnh cng ngh...................................................................................15 2.2.2 Thuyt minh quy trnh cng ngh........................................................................16 2.3 Ch tiu cht lng sn phm........................................................................................22 PH LC MT S HNH NH THIT B.....................................................................................24 TI LIU THAM KHO.................................................................................................27

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DANH MC CC BNG BIU

Bng 1.1 Thnh phn dinh dng ca chanh dy ta...............................................5 Bng 2.1 Thnh phn cu to (%) tri chanh dy....................................................12 Bng 2.2 Thnh phn ha hc chanh dy................................................................12 Bng 2.3 Yu cu ca nc ra...............................................................................13

DANH MC HNH NH
Hnh 1.1 Tri chanh dy...........................................................................................4 Hnh 1.2 Sn phm nc chanh dy ng lon.........................................................6 Hnh 1.3 Sn phm nc ct chanh dy (chanh dy c c)...................................6 Hinh 1.4 Sn phm bt chanh dy...........................................................................6 Hnh 1.5 Khu cng nghip Ph Hi.........................................................................8 Hnh 2.1 Hoa chanh dy...........................................................................................10 Hnh 2.2 Chanh dy tm...........................................................................................11 Hnh 2.3 Chanh dy tm vng..................................................................................11 Hnh 2.4 S quy trnh cng ngh........................................................................16

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Li m u
Cng vi s pht trin kinh t ca nc ta hin nay, cht lng cuc sng ca ngi dn ngy cng tng ln, t trong khu phn n hng ngy, ngoi ngun dinh dng c bn l tinh bt, protein, lipid con ngi cn quan tm b sung thm nhng cht vi lng cn thit cho c th nh vitamin, cht khong c mt c th pht trin kho mnh. Do nhu cu th trng v sn phm rau c qu qua ch bin xut hin v ngy cng tng mnh. Trn th trng ung, sn phm nc gii kht c gas t t nhng ch cho cc loi nc p tri cy. Trong , nc ung ch bin t tri chanh dy tt cho sc khe, l loi nc gii kht rt thch hp vi kh hu nhit i nc ta. Chanh dy l ngun nguyn liu tt cho sc khe, nhiu thnh phn dinh dng, cung cp nhiu nng lng. nhiu nc, ngi ta dng tri chanh dy ch bin thnh nhiu th bnh ngt khc nhau, kt hp hoc khng kt hp vi cc loi tri cy khc lm kem, yaourt Cn nc ta, chanh dy thng dng di dng nc gii kht, trong vi nm li y nhiu loi sn phm chit xut t tri chanh dy ra i phc v nhu cu tiu dng ca khch hng Sn phm bt chanh dy ha tan cng c tin hnh sn xut nhiu nc trn th gii. Bn cnh kh nng cung cp cht dinh dng cho c th, sn phm ny cn mang li tnh tin li trong s dng, tit kim nhiu thi gian vi gi c thch hp. iu ny p ng nhu cu ca con ngi trong cuc sng hin nay, khi m qu thi gian ngy cng hn hp.

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Thit k phn xng sn xut bt chanh dy ha tan

Chng 1: CC LA CHN V LP LUN

1.1 La chn nguyn liu: Chanh dy

Hnh 1.1 Tri chanh dy Chanh dy l 1 trong nhng loi tri cy rt c trin vng trong tng lai nc ta, c bit l vng BSCL, nh c kh nng chng chu tt trn vng t chua phn (kh trng cy n tri), ng thi l loi nc gii kht tt trong ma nng nng ca vng nhit i gi ma nh vng ng bng nc ta. Trng trt: Chanh dy l loi cy d trng, khng kn t,v k thut chm bn cho loi cy ny n gin, thch hp vi c im kh hu nhiu vng nc ta, hin nay c trng nhiu Vit Nam. Nu nc v vi cht dinh dng, chanh dy s pht trin rt mnh, thch hp trng thnh dy hoc hng ro v c th duy tr i sng tt trong 4-6 nm. C th nhn ging chanh dy d dng bng cch gieo ht, gim cnh, chit hoc ghp cnhTuy nhin trong qu trnh pht trin ca cy cn ngn chn cc loi k sinh trng gy bnh nh virus, c sn, giun trn, su b

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Thit k phn xng sn xut bt chanh dy ha tan

Bng 1.1 Thnh phn dinh dng tnh trn 100g phn n c ca loi chanh dy ta (theo ti liu USDA) Nng lng (Kcal) Nc (g) Protein (g) Cht bo (g) Cacbon hydrat (g) Cht x (g) Tro (g) Canxi (mg) P (mg) Fe (mg) Se (mg) Mg (mg) 97 72,93 2.20 0,70 23,38 10,40 0.80 12.00 68.00 1.60 0.60 39.00 Na (mg) K (mg) Vitamin A (IU) Vitamin B6 (mg) Niacin (mg) Thiamin Riboflavin (mg) Acid ascorbic (mg) Folat (mcg) Vitamin ATE) Cholesterol 0 E (mg 28,00 348 700 0,10 1,5 Vt 0.13 30 14.00 1.12

1.2. La chn sn phm: 1.2.1 Cc loi sn phm t chanh dy: nhiu nc, ngi ta dng tri chanh dy ch bin thnh nhiu th bnh ngt khc nhau, kt hp hoc khng kt hp vi cc loi tri cy khc lm kem, yaourt Cn nc ta, chanh dy thng dng di dng nc gii kht, cch dng ph bin nht l nu vi nc ng v pha vi lm nc ung gii kht.B i tri chanh dy, ly rut tri trn ng pha thm nc, phn dch rut c tch ht hoc nguyn ht, ta c 1 ly nc gii kht thm ngon, b dng. Trong vi nm tr li y nhiu loi sn phm chit xut t tri chanh dy ra i phc v nhu cu tiu th trong nc v xut khu. Cc loi sn phm t chanh dy hin c trn th trng:

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Thit k phn xng sn xut bt chanh dy ha tan

Hnh 1.2 Sn phm nc chanh dy ng lon

Hnh1.3 Sn phm nc ct chanh dy (chanh dy c c)

Hnh 1.4 Bt chanh dy 1.2.2 La chn sn phm bt chanh dy: Sn phm dng bt c u im gn nh, thun tin khi vn chuyn, phn phi ra nhiu vng khc nhau. Sn phm dng bt c m thp, d bo qun thch hp cho vic s dng trong 1 thi gian di.

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Thit k phn xng sn xut bt chanh dy ha tan C 2 hng sn xut ra bt chanh dy: to ra sn phm khi pha vi nc to hn hp nectar ng nht; v loi bt ha tan khi pha nc cho dch p trong sut. Vi loi sn phm nc p trong ta cn qua qu trnh lc, gy tn tht nguyn liu. trnh tn tht nhiu cht dinh dng, ta chn loi sn phm nectar, ng thi tit kim chi ph nng lng, thit b khi s dng qu trnh lc. 1.3 La chn a im: 1.3.1 Nguyn tc chn a im xy dng ca nh my xy dng nh my, vic la chn a im rt quan trng, nh hng n qu trnh xy dng, hot ng sn xut v kinh doanh ca nh my. Do , ta da vo cc yu t sau la chn a im xy dng nh my: - a im xy dng nh my phi gn ngun cung cp nguyn liu hay trong vng cung cp nguyn liu gim chi ph vn chuyn, c bit cc loi nguyn liu nh rau qu, do chi ph cho vn chuyn v bo qun cao. Nguyn liu cung cp phi n nh v s lng v cht lng cho nh my hot ng trc mt v lu di. - a im xy dng nh my phi gn ng giao thng, nht l ng b v ng thy d dng trong vic i li, vn chuyn nguyn vt liu v tiu th sn phm. - a im xy dng nh my phi gn ngun in, ngun nc m bo cho vic sn xut c lin tc, gim chi ph v ng dy, ng dn; gn cc nh my khc hp tc nhiu mt nh c s h tng, cng trnh phc li cho cn b cng nhn ng thi s dng nhn cng hp l. - a im xy dng nh my phi gn khu vc ngun nhn lc di do, d dng thu ht lc lng lao ng tr thc cng nh lc lng cng nhn c tay ngh cao v thun li trong qu trnh tiu th sn phm. - a im xy dng nh my phi nm trong vng quy hoch ca a phng, ng thi phi m bo cc yu cu v an ninh quc phng. - a im la chn phi din tch b tr xy dng cc cng trnh hin hu ng thi phi c kh nng m rng trong tng lai. 1.3.2 a im xy dng: Phn xng t ti Khu cng nghip Ph Hi, huyn c Trng, tnh Lm ng. Khu cng nghip Ph Hi thu ht cc d n u t thuc cc nhm ngnh ngh: sn xut cc sn Trang 7

Thit k phn xng sn xut bt chanh dy ha tan phm phc v du lch, cng nghip ch bin thc phm rau qu, thy sn, ru, bnh mt, ko, cng nghip sn xut vt liu xy dng, gch cao cp, ch bin lm sn, sn xut sn phm g, cng nghip luyn kim, ha cht, thuc da, cao su, sn xut bao b carton, diatomit, thic, nhm ngnh cng nghip khc KHU CNG NGHIP PH HI

Hnh 1.5 Khu cng nghip Ph Hi Khu cng nghip Ph Hi t ti x Ph Hi, huyn c Trng, l a bn thun li v c s h tng, giao thng v khong cch cung ng t cc vng nguyn liu. V tr : Thn Pr, x Ph Hi, huyn c Trng. - Pha Ty Bc gip: Khu quy hoch dn c v sng a Nhim; - Pha ng v Nam gip: ng i x T In -T Nng; - Pha Bc - ng Bc gip: Khu t ti nh c v khu cng nhn; - Pha Ty - Ty Nam gip: Sng a Nhim. Trang 8

Thit k phn xng sn xut bt chanh dy ha tan C cc tuyn QL 20, 27, 28, 55,723 ni lin Lm ng vi vng ng Nam B, thnh ph H Ch Minh, cc tnh thuc vng Ty Nguyn, cc tnh duyn hi Nam Trung B, cc tnh duyn hi min trung to cho Lm ng c mi giao thng kinh t x hi bn cht vi cc vng, c bit hin nay chnh ph ph duyt ch trng cho u t xy dng tuyn ng cao tc t Du giy i lt v tuyn ng ng Trng Sn t lt i Qung Nam v cc tnh trong khu vc. Cch TP H Ch Minh : 270 km Cch Lt 35 km v hng ng Bc. Cch th x Bo Lc 80 km v hng Ty Ty Nam. Cch sn bay quc t Lin Khng 03km. Cng hng khng quc t Lin Khng nm cch trung tm thnh ph Lt 30 km c nng cp thnh sn bay quc t vi ng bng di 3.250 m c th tip nhn cc loi my bay tm trung nh A.320, A.321 hoc tng ng. Nm st Quc l 20 gia Lt v Du Giy ang c u t xy dng ng cao tc, thun tin giao thng i Thnh ph H Ch Minh v cc tnh B Ra Vng Tu, cc tnh duyn hi min Trung v Ty nguyn, cch cng bin Bnh Thun 130Km.

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CHNG 2: QUY TRNH CNG NGH

2.1. Nguyn liu: 2.1.1 Nguyn liu chnh: Chanh dy Tn khoa hc: Passiflora edulis Tn thng gi: dy Mt, Mt Mt, Chanh Dy, Chanh S-a, tri M Ly. Tn Anh: passion fruit, passion vine, purple granadilla Chanh dy thuc h Passifloracea, ging Passionflora, loi edulis. Theo c tnh c khong 500 loi cng thuc ging Passiflora, trong t nht 50 loi l c th n c. Chanh dy l loi cy dy leo mnh, di hng chc mt. Thn mm, hnh tr, c rnh dc, nhiu lng tha. L mc so le, chia 3 thy nhn bng, gc hnh tim c hai tuyn nh, u nhn, mp kha rng; l km hnh si; tua cun mc k l, di hn l, u cun li nh l xo. Hoa mc ring l l l, c cung di, mu trng, khng c tng bao, i 5 l mu xanh lc, trng 5 cnh ri nhau, xp xen k vi cc l i, c mt vng tua gm rt nhiu phn ph hnh si ch (trng ph) mu tm sm; nh 5, nh ngn cung nh nhy, bao phn mu vng; bu thng hnh cu, 1 .

Hnh 2.1 Hoa chanh dy Tri c tri dng hnh trn hoc hnh trng, ng knh t 4-7.5 cm. Bn ngoi l mt lp v phng, dai, ging nh sp, v mu xanh khi chn c mu vng lt hoc mu tm ty theo tng loi, v dy khong 3mm v dnh cht vi lp rut trng dy khong 6mm pha trong. Trong cng l khi dch qu c mu vng nht n vng cam v bao ly nhng chum Trang 10

Thit k phn xng sn xut bt chanh dy ha tan ht nh mu nu hoc en, rut tri c v chua ngt thanh hi ging chanh. Mi v ca dch qu rt c trng v li cun. u tin "chanh dy" xut hin cc tnh min Bc vo u thp nin 90 v khong by tm nm nay mi vo n BSCL. Lc tin vo Vit Nam c hai ging, phn bit bng xut x v mu v. Hin nay Vit Nam c 2 loi chanh dy vng v ta.

Hnh 2.2 Chanh dy tm

Hnh 2.3 Chanh dy vng Dng tri tm (forma eduli): C v tri mu tm n tm sm. Tri nh (ng knh 4-5 cm), c tua dy, nhnh v gn l xanh. Ging lc tin v c ngun gc t Australia v i Loan, thch ng vi cc vng c kh hu mt m, c v cao nh lt, Ty Nguyn ca VN, nhit bnh qun 18-20oC, cao trung bnh t 800-1.000m, c kh nng ra hoa v u qu quanh nm, cho nng sut rt cao v cho hng v tri ngon nht. Dng tri vng (forma flavicarpa): V tri mu vng chanh. Tri ln hn dng tri tm (612 x 4-7 cm), c tua dy, nhnh v gn l ng tm. Hoa ln v c trng (corona) mu tm sm hn dng tri tm, ng thi dy cng mc mnh hn. y l dng chu nng, thch hp vi vng c cao thp (0-800 m) nh BSCL. Ging lc tin v vng c ngun gc t Sirilanca, Urganda v Hawaii (ngun tra cu) c mt Vit Nam vi tn gi l chanh dy. Trang 11

Thit k phn xng sn xut bt chanh dy ha tan Nn trng ging lc tin v vng vng nhit i nng m, ging cho tri theo ma, t l cm thu hi cng nh cht lng cm tri cao nhng nng sut khng cao lm Tri chanh dy khng cha cholesterol, giu vitamin A v vitamin C, l ngun cung cp kali v cht st di do, ngun cht x tuyt ho. Chanh dy rt giu Vitamin C, l cht chng xy ha v chng vim nhim. Do c th gip bn gim cc triu chng hen suyn. Chanh dy cng c nhiu cht x rt tt cho sc khe, c th nga bnh tim mch, gi c lng cholesterol v gip lm du cc c ang b cng cng. Chanh dy cng giu carbohydrate cung cp nng lng cho c th. Chanh dy cng cha nhiu cht st v kali. Nc p t chanh dy c cha cht alkaloids gip lm h huyt p, an thn, gim au, v chng li tc ng ca cc cn co tht. Cnh, l chanh leo c tc dng an thn, gy ng (nh), gim s lo u hi hp, h huyt p (nh), du cc cn co git (trong ng kinh), gim cn au bng c nng v au bng kinh. Nhn chung, chanh dy ta c v ngt hn, t acid nhiu vitamin C hn, c s dng ph bin hn chanh dy vng trong cng nghip ch bin rau qu. Chanh dy ta c trng theo qui m cng nghip, chm sc k lng nn l ngun nguyn liu tng i r, s lng di do v tnh cht n nh thch hp cho qui m sn xut cng nghip

Bng 2.1 Thnh phn cu to (%) tri chanh dy: Thnh phn V Ht Dch qu % 49.19 4.81 46.00

Bng 2.2 Thnh phn ha hc chanh dy: Thng s m (%) tro (%) ng kh (g/l) Vitamin C (mg/100g)
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Hm lng 81.16 0.8 14.02 22.3

Thit k phn xng sn xut bt chanh dy ha tan

kh dch qu pH dch qu Acid ton phn dch qu (quy v acid citric) (g/l)

16.4 2.86 5.9

Chanh dy c th tr lnh tt, 10 oC c th tr c 2-3 tun trong hp, Nu tr kn 23oC trong ti PE c th gi c trong 2 tun, nu ph b mt ngoi bng 1 lp paraffin 57oC v m 85-90% c th bo qun c trong 30 ngy. Khi rm chn tri s chuyn i nhanh t mu xanh sang mu ta hoc nu vng. Tri c th c rm chn 20 oC vi m 85-90oC hoc rm nhanh 30oC. Chanh dy sau khi rm c th tr 2-8oC trong 1 tun. 2.1.2 Nguyn liu ph: 2.1.2.1 Maltodextrin: c s dng trong qu trnh phi ch trc khi sy phun nhm lm tng nng cht kh ca dch qu sau khi ch, tha mn nng cn thit cho qu trnh sy phun. 2.1.2.2 Cht to v ngt : ng l cht ph gia to v dng b sung vo sn phm. ng lm tng gi tr dinh dng ca sn phm v kch thch dch v. ng c tc dng to ngt nhm iu chnh hi ho ngt , v chua ca chanh dy. B sung ng lm tng nng cht tan v c kh nng gi cc cht thm trong sn phm. Ngoi ra ng cn c tc dng cung cp nng lng cho c th (4,1 kcal/1g ng). ng s dng trong thc phm l ng tinh luyn RE. ng tinh luyn l ng saccharrose c tinh ch v kt tinh c Pol trn 99.8% (trn 99,8% l ng saccharose). 2.1.2.3 Enzym Pectinase: Trong qu trnh sn xut, ta s dng enzym thng phm: Pectinex Ultra SP L ca cng ty Novo Nordisk an Mch, thu nhn t Aspergillus aculeatus. Ch phm dng dung dch lng, mu hi nu, c mi nh c trng ca sn phm ln men. Enzym c kh nng hot ng ti u nhit 40-45 oC v pH khong 3.5-4.5. y khng phi loi ch phm enzyme pectinase tinh khit m l hn hp ca nhiu loi enzyme ch yu l pectintranseliminase, polygalactorunase, pectinesterase v 1 t hemicellulase, cellulose.

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Thit k phn xng sn xut bt chanh dy ha tan Ch phm Pectinase nu bo qun 0-10 oC th hot tnh c th duy tr t nht 1 nm., nu bo qun 20oC th c th duy tr c 3 thng. Nu thi gian bo qun lu hn th hot tnh enzyme s mt i t 1-2% mi thng. Enzym c cho trc tip vo nguyn liu ban u theo phn trm khi lng xc nh. 2.1.2.4 Vitamin C : ( acid ascorbic) iu kin bnh thng c dng bt mn mu trng hoc ng vng, khng hi, v chua, d tan trong nc v trong cn, tan trong nc vi t l 0,25% 30 0C, t l 12,8% trong cn tuyt i. Khi gp nh sng mu sn phm tr nn sm dn nn cn bo qun trong l c mu ti, trng thi kh ro n nh cht lng khi s dng. Vitamin C c kh nng kt hp vi oxi lm gim hm lng oxi, kh ion kim loi c ha tr cao lm gim bt sinh ra oxit khng tt, v th s dng vitamin C lm cht chng oxi ha, ngn chn s phai mu, s bin mu, lm gim mi v v cc bin i v cht lng khc do s oxi ha gy ra. Vi liu lng 0,05 0,06% cho thm vo sn phm gip bo qun c sn phm trong thi gian di. S dng loi L- ascorbic acid dng bt, mu trng. tinh khit : 99.7% Trng lng phn t : 176.13 2.1.2.5 Nc: Yu cu nc ra: trong cc nh my hp, nc dng ra tn 0,7 1lt/kg nguyn liu. Bng 2.3 Yu cu ca nc ra. Ch tiu vt l o Mi v o trong o Mu sc (thang mu Coban) Tiu chun Khng mi 100ml 5o

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Thit k phn xng sn xut bt chanh dy ha tan Ch tiu ho hc o pH o cn c nh (t 600oC) o cng ton phn ( c) o cng vnh vin o CaO o MgO o As o Fe Ch tiu vi sinh vt o Tng s vi sinh vt hiu kh o Ch s Coli o Vi sinh vt gy bnh 6 7,8 75 150mg/lt Di 15o 7o 50 100mg/lt 50mg/lt 0,05mg/lt 0,3 0,5mg/lt Di 100 con/ml Di 20 con/ml Khng c Khng c

2.2 Quy trnh cng ngh: 2.2.1 S quy trnh cng ngh:

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Thit k phn xng sn xut bt chanh dy ha tan

Chanh dy Chn la- Phn loi Ra Tch rut qu Pectinase enzym Ch Maltodextrin Phi trn
ng ha

V T= 40-45oC t= 3 h

H t

Sy phun ng Bao b Hon thin ng gi

ToC =165oC P = 3.5 bar Ph gia

Sn phm
Hnh 2.5 S quy trnh cng ngh 2.2.2 Thuyt minh quy trnh cng ngh: 2.2.2.1 Chn la phn loi: Cht lng nguyn liu l yu t u tin quyt nh cht lng sn phm. Bi vy trc ht cn chn loi rau qu c gi tr dinh dng cao.

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Thit k phn xng sn xut bt chanh dy ha tan a. Mc ch: La chn: loi tr nhng nguyn liu khng qui cch, su bnh, men mc, thi hng. Phn loi: phn chia nguyn liu ng u v kch thc, hnh dng, mu sc, chn b. Bin i: Nguyn liu ng nht v kch thc, mu sc, chn. Loi b c tri h hng, khng ng u v kch thc. d. Thc hin: th cng Nguyn liu c a vo thng cha nguyn liu, sau c a ln mt bng chuyn, nguyn liu c dn mng khng lc chn st, hai bn bng chuyn l cc cng nhn lm nhim v phn loi qu, y l loi b nhng qu c nghi ng b h hng (dp, nt, thi,), trn bng chuyn ny cng loi ra nhng qu c kch thc khng ph hp cho qu trnh sn xut. Chanh dy c a qua bng chuyn v cng nhn s tin hnh kim tra, la chn ra tri thi, su, tri b cn trng ph hoi, loi b nhng vt l nh l, rc v cc vt khc C th thc hin ra s b trc khi phn loi i vi nhng tri qu bn. Nhng qu khng chn c th lu li cho n khi t chn mi s dng. Cn nhng qu chn qu cng c th c s dng nu cha c biu hin h hng. Nht thit phi loi b nhng qu thi ra hon ton v nhng vt dp nt thi ra l ca ng vi sinh vt xm nhp v pht trin, nh hng n cht lng sn phm sau ny. 2.2.2.2 Ra: a. Mc ch: Nguyn liu sau khi c thu mua v cn ln nhiu tp cht nh bi, t ct, thuc tr sucn bm trn b mt v qu. Ta cn lm ra nguyn liu trnh cc tp cht ny c th ln vo rut qu lm nh hng xu n tnh cht sn phm, gim lng vi sinh vt ngoi v qu. b. Bin i: sch t ct, bi bn, loi bt 1 s vi sinh vt ngoi v qu c. Phng php thc hin: Qu trnh ra gm hai giai on: ngm v ra xi. u tin qu s c a vo bn ngm sau c bng chuyn chuyn vo h thng xi ti ca my ngm ra xi ti.

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Thit k phn xng sn xut bt chanh dy ha tan Ngm lm cho nc thm t nguyn liu, lm cht bn mm, bong ra, to iu kin cho qu trnh ra d dng. Dung dch ngm c th l nc thng, nc nng hay dung dch kim. C th ngm tnh hay ngm ng. Thi gian ngm c rt ngn gim tn tht cht dinh dng. Ra xi l dng tc dng chy ca dng nc ko cht bn cn li trn mt nguyn liu sau khi ngm. Thng dng tia nc phun (p = 2 3atm) hay vi hoa sen xi. Nc ra li phi l nc sch, lng Cl2 cn li trong nc trng l 3 5 mg/L. Ty nguyn liu v nhim bn ca nguyn liu m ta c th ra mt hoc nhiu ln, vi nhiu phng php ra tng ng. d. S dng thit b ngm ra xi ti 2.2.2.3 Tch rut qu: a. Mc ch: chun b cho qu trnh enzyme, loi b nhng phn qu khng s dng c nh cung, v. b. Bin i: nguyn liu gim kch thc, tri b ph v nt ra, phn dch rut thot ra, tn tht vitamin C do b oxi ha, tn tht cc thnh phn dinh dng khc trong rut qu. c. Thc hin: Giai on ny nn tin hnh cng nhanh cng tt hn ch s tn tht vitamin C v cc thnh phn dinh dng khc trong rut qu. Cho chanh dy vo my ct chanh dy, nghin nt v ri sau tch ring phn rut chanh dy ra. 2.4 enzyme: a. Mc ch: Phn ct chui pectin trong tht qu thnh nhng on c di ngn hn nhm lm gim nht, lm trong dch qu, gip tch ht c d dng, tng nng sut thu nhn dch qu trong qu trnh ch. b. Bin i: ch yu xy ra cc bin i v mt ha sinh Enzym pectinase s ct t cc lin kt -1.4-glycoside (gia cc acid galacturonic) v cc lin kt este (gia acid galacturonic v nhm methyl), mch pectin b phn ct thnh cc phn t t do nh acit galacturonic, methanol v cc mch tng i ngn. Bin i khi dch qu sau khi thy phn: khi dch qu c s phn lp r rng, pha di y l lp ht mu nu en, pha trn l lp tht qu mu ng cam, trn cng l lp dch trong mu vng nht. c. Phng php thc hin: Trang 18

Thit k phn xng sn xut bt chanh dy ha tan u tin, dch qu s c nng nhit ln nhit ti u cho enzyme hot ng 40 45oC trong thit b trao i nhit. Sau , dch qu c a n thit b , ng thi tin hnh b sung ch phm pectinase, tin hnh trong thi gian 3 gi. Trong qu trnh thnh thong tin hnh khuy trn u khi rut qu tng kh nng tip xc gia enzym v c cht, thc y qu trnh tch ht. Cc thng s: Nng ch phm enzyme pectinase s dng: 0.3% Thi gian enzyme: 3h Sau khi c 3h, ta tin hnh gia nhit v hot enzyme 80oC trong 15 pht. Thit b: s dng thit b hnh tr y nn, c lp v o gia nhit, n nh nhit, bn trong thit b c gn cnh khuy. 2.2.2.5 Ch: a. Mc ch: tch phn tht chanh dy ra khi ht, cc cht x v bin i phn tht qu thnh dng nhuyn. b. Bin i: Nhit tng nh do ma st. Gim khi lng, tng mn. Phn tht qu gim kch thc tng ng vi l ry s dng, chuyn thnh dng nhuyn. Puree ng nht, loi b ht. Dch bo thot ra d b chuyn ha v vi sinh vt tn cng. Trong qu trnh ch, tht qu tip xc nhiu vi khng kh, c th xy ra cc phn ng oxy ha lm bin mu nguyn liu, nhng nh nguyn liu c qua chn, nn cc enzyme xc tc phn ng oxy ha kh b v hot, do bin i ha hc l khng ng k Gii phng cc enzyme oxy ha kh (catalase, dehydrogenase, ), enzyme thy phn ( pectinesterase, polymethylgalacturonase,), enzyme ascorbinoxydase xc tc qu trnh oxy ha acid ascorbic thnh dng kh hidro. c. Thc hin: s dng thit b ch cnh p. Qu trnh ch lm cho khi rut qu b p mnh vo mt ry c c l nh. Phn qua li ry l dch puree cn li thi ra l b ch cha cc cht x v ht. 2.2.2.6 Phi trn: Trang 19

Thit k phn xng sn xut bt chanh dy ha tan a. Mc ch: chun b, hon thin Chun b cho qu trnh sy phun: trn thm cht n hay cht mang vo dch qu iu chnh nng cht kh trong dch qu, lm tng hm lng cht kh, gim chi ph c c gp phn lm tng hiu qu qu trnh sy, nh sn xut thng b sung thm maltodextrin. Hon thin sn phm: trong qu trnh ny c th phi trn thm cht bo qun, ph gia mu, hng liu tng thm cht lng cho sn phm.Qu trnh phi ch lm ng u hn hp gia dch qu v maltodextrin theo t l xc nh, phi trn thm cht n to nn cu trc dng bt mn cho sn phm. b. Bin i: Vt l: khi lng thay i. trong, khc x nh sng thay i.Thay i cc ch tiu nhit l. Ho hc: thay i thnh phn ha hc ca hn hp Ho l: nng cht kh trong dch qu tng, s tng nht ca dch qu. c. Phng php thc hin: Chn nguyn liu phi ch: Maltodextrin Da vo nng cht kh ban u, tnh ton khi lng maltodextrin cn thit cho mt m sn xut, sau khi phi trn nng cht kh t yu cu cho qu trnh sy phun. Dng bm vn chuyn dung dch poree thit b phi trn c cnh khuy, ri b sung maltodextrin vo thc hin qu trnh phi trn. Thng s: yu cu kh dch qu sau khi phi trn l 25% d. Thit b: bn hnh tr, bn trong c lp cnh khuy. 2.2.2.7 ng ha: a. Mc ch: Gim kch thc phn tht qu chanh dy, tng kh nng phn tn, l lng ca tht qu, gim hin tng tch lp. To puree ng nht, kt hp vi ph gia to nn dng l lng b. Bin i: Phn tht qu gim kch thc ti a, b x nh. Qu trnh ng ha to nhit , xy ra phn ng oxi ha gy sm mu, lm tht thot dinh dng, gy bin tnh protein. c. Thit b: s dng thit b ng ha p lc cao Trang 20

Thit k phn xng sn xut bt chanh dy ha tan 2.2.2.8 Sy phun a. Mc ch : khai thc, ch bin, bo qun. Cung cp nhit lm bc hi nhanh nc trong dch sau phi trn qu to sn phm dng bt vi m thp bo qun c lu hn. L qu trnh ch bin, nng cao hm lng cht dinh dng trong sn phm, gim th tch bao b, khi lng vn chuyn. b. Bin i: Vt l: Th tch gim, khi lng gim, khi lng ring tng. Ha l Hin tng chuyn pha t lng sang hi ca m trong qu trnh sy Mt s cht thm bay hi theo m v b phn hy do nhit gy tn tht cht thm. Ngc li mt s hng thm c pht huy hay to thnh trong qu trnh sy do phn ng maillard, caramen v mi nu ca furfurol lm gim gi tr cm quan Ha hc: C 2 khuynh hng Tc phn ng ha hc tng ln do nhit vt liu tng nh: phn hy vitamin, phn ng oxy ha, phn ng maillard gia ng kh v acid amin to mu cho sn phm (c li). Tc phn ng ha hc chm i do lng nc gim dn, enzym b v hot do nhit cao lc sau: phn ng thy phn, oxi ha Protein, tinh bt, ng b bin i. Sinh hc: c ch mt phn vi sinh vt trn b mt vt liu, ko di thi gian bo qun. Cm quan: nguyn liu chuyn t dng lng sang dng cu trc bt mn, mu sc mi v thay i. c. Phng php thc hin: Thit b: s dng thit b sy phun Thng s qu trnh: Nhit u vo dng khng kh nng: 165oC 2.2.2.9 Hon thin: a. Mc ch : hon thin sn phm

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Thit k phn xng sn xut bt chanh dy ha tan Phi trn thm ng, cht mu, hng, cc vitaminlm tng gi tr cm quan ca sn phm, to s hp dn i vi ngi tiu dung. Bng cch thay i thnh phn t l cc cht trong hn hp sn phm, c th to ra c nhiu mu sc,hng v khc nhau. b. Bin i: Vt l: thay i v khi lng ring, dn nhit, th tch Ha hc: tng thnh phn cc cht trong hn hp. Cm quan: tng v ngt, v chua, mu sc thay i v tng mi thm cho sn phm. c. Phng php thc hin: Trn cc cht ng, Vitamin C, hng liu theo t l nht nh t c cht lng sn phm theo yu cu. Qu trnh phi trn c thc hin nhit phng v p sut phng. Thit b : Thit b: s dng thit b hnh tr y nn, bn trong thit b c gn cnh khuy. 2.2.2.10. ng gi a. Mc ch Hon thin: nhm to thun tin cho ngi tiu dng, sn phm c trng lng ph hp cho ngi tiu dng s dng; bn cnh da vo mu sc v cch b tr cn lm cho sn phm thu ht ngi tiu dng. Bo qun: bao b gip bo v thc phm trnh khi nh hng khng tt ca mi trng xung quanh nh: m, nhit , nh sng b. Bin i: khng ng k c. Phng php thc hin Qu trnh ng gi c din ra nhit v p sut phng. Trng lng: 100-500g/gi. Nhit ghp m: 150oC Thit b: Thit b ng gi 2.3 Ch tiu cht lng sn phm 2.3.1 Ch tiu vt l Hnh dng: dng bt mn, ng nht, khng vn cc Trang 22

Thit k phn xng sn xut bt chanh dy ha tan 2.3.2 Ch tiu ha hc m : 4 % Hm lng ng : 60% Hm lng vitamin C: 0.05% tro: khng qu 6.5% Tp cht: khng qu 0.3% 2.3.3 Ch tiu ha l ha tan cao T l ha tan cao, khng c cn. Khng b ht m khi bo qun. 2.3.4 Ch tiu cm quan: Sn phm c dng bt mn, mu vng ti, c mi thm v v chua c trng. Khi pha phn tn tt trong nc to dung dch puree chanh dy c mu sc mi v t nhin tng t nh puree qu ti. Dung dch ng nht, khng tch lp. V: V chua, ngt hi ha khng qu gt.

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Thit k phn xng sn xut bt chanh dy ha tan

MT S HNH NH THIT B

Bng ti con ln

Thit b ra xi ti

Thit b tch rut qu

Thit b phi trn- enzym

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Thit k phn xng sn xut bt chanh dy ha tan

Thit b ch cnh p

Thit b ng ha p lc cao

Thit bi sy phun

Thit b phi trn thng quay

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Thit k phn xng sn xut bt chanh dy ha tan

Thit b ng gi

Bn cha trung gian

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Thit k phn xng sn xut bt chanh dy ha tan

TI LIU THAM KHO

1. Nguyn Vn Thoa Nguyn Vn Tip Quch nh ,K thut bo qun v ch bin rau qu , Nh xut bn KHKT. 2. Nguyn Vn Tip Quch nh Ng M Vn, K thut sn xut hp rau qu , Nh xut bn Thanh Nin.
3. L Bch Tuyt Cc qu trnh cng ngh c bn trong sn xut thc phm,

khoa ha thc phm v cng ngh sinh hc trng H Bch Khoa H Ni.
4. Quch nh, Nguyn Vn Tip, Nguyn Vn Thoa Cng ngh sau thu hoch

v ch bin rau qu, NXB KHKT, 1996.

5. L Vn Vit Mn Cng ngh sn xut cc sn phm t sa v thc ung,

NXB HQG Tp. H Ch Minh, 2004.

6. Phm Vn Bn (su tm), Tnh ton cc thng s nhit l ca thc phm v

nguyn liu, HBKTPHCM, 2005.

7. www.vnulib.edu.vn:8000/dspace/bitstream/123456789/1826/1/sedev0406-09.pdf 8. www.trade.com-chinesuppliers-sunday0531-product-detail-china-fruit -washing machine.htm 9. www.haioucn.com

10. www.made-in-china.com 11. www.diytrade.com-china-4-product-suppository_Highjteffect_Homogenizer.htm.url 12. www.alibaba.com 13. www.hoesheng.com 14. www.liufeng168.com 15. www.bajajaimachine.com.fruit-cutter.htm
16. www.wikipedia.com

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