y l mt trong nhng th c s dng mt cch ph bin trong Ting Anh.

Chng ta hy cng nhau tm hiu v cu trc v cch dng ca n nh. I/ Cu to ca th Hin Ti n: C hai dng c bn ca th Hin Ti n: Mt dng kt thc vi tn cng l "-S" cn dng kia th khng c. Sau y l mt s quy tc, vi v d l ng t "sing"

Ch ng
I You He She It We They
s/es" vo sau ng t. -S or -ES?

Dng ng t
dng n gin dng n gin dng n gin
+S

V d
I sing You sing He sings She sings It sings We sing They sing

dng n gin
+S

dng n gin
+S

dng n gin dng n gin

Ni cch khc, ch khi ch ng l ngi th 3 s t (he, she, it) th chng ta mi thm "-

Vi hu ht ng t, dng ngi th 3 s t c cu to n gin bng cch thm ui "-s". Tuy nhin, vi mt vi ng t, bn cn thm ui "-es" hay thay i dng ca t. Sau y l mt vi quy tc:

ng t kt thc bng Cch to dng ngi 3 s t

s z sh ch Thm -ES Thm -ES Thm -ES Thm -ES

V d
He passes She dozes She wishes He watches

Ph m + y [Cc dng khc]

II/ Cch dng Cch dng 1: Hnh ng lp i lp li

i Y thnh I ri thm -ES Thm -S

It flies He sings

Chng ta s dng th Hin ti n din t mt hnh ng c lp i lp li hoc thng xuyn xy ra. Hnh ng ny c th l mt thi quen, mt s thch, mt s kin hng ngy, thi kha biu hay iu g thng din ra. N cng din t mt iu g m 1 ngi thng hay qun hay thng khng lm.

V d:

I play tennis. She does not play tennis.

Does

he play tennis?

Cch dng 2: Mt iu hin nhin, lun ng

Th Hin ti n cng c th dng din t mt s tht lun ng hoc c coi l ng. Cch dng ny khng nhn mnh n s chnh xc ca s tht m l nim tin ca ngi ni. N cng c dng khi qut v c ngi v vt.

V d:

Cats like milk. Birds do not like milk.

Do

pigs like milk?

Cch dng 3: Hnh ng trong thi kha biu.

Ngi ni thng s dng th Hin Ti n ni n mt hnh ng trong thi kha biu s xy ra trong tng lai gn. Cch dng ny thng c s dng khi ni n cch phng tin giao thng cng cng...

V d:

The train leaves tonight at 6 PM. The party starts at 8 o'clock.

Cch dng 4: Hnh ng ang xy ra

Ngi ni cng s dng th Hin Ti n din t mt hnh ng ang xy ra hay khng ang xy ra hin ti. Cch dng ny c s dng vi cc ng t tnh thi hoc vi nhng ng t nht nh.

V d:

I am here now. He does not need help now.

V TR CA TRNG T Nhng v d sau ch ra v tr ca trng nhng nh: always, only, never, ever, still, just, ...

V d:

You only speak English.

Do you only speak English?