IV-1

1
( )
i
f x
+
( )
i
f x
h
i
P
IV. Hyuepuuko uu1erpupane
A. Me1opa ua 1panesu
Hexa ( ) y f x = e nenpexnnara ]ynxnnja no cermenror [ , ] a b n nexa roj cermenr e
noenen na n enaxnn nocermenrn co rouxnre:
1 2 1
...
n
a x x b x
+
= < < < = .
- 3naun,
1 1 1 1
n n
i n
x a x x i h x b
+ +
= = + = xae mro
( ) b a
h
n

=
.
onocno
Ha nonnrepnanor
1
[ , ]
i i
x x
+
npnnnxno ja npecmerame nonpmnnara xopncrejxn ro
rpanesor co ocnona: h n co crpann ( )
i
f x n
1
( )
i
f x
+
, onocno co ]opmynara:
Conpajxn rn cnre nonpmnnn onname:
1
( ) ( )
2
i i
i
f x f x
P h
+
+
=
1
x a =
1 n
x b
+
=
2
x
i
x
1 i
x
+
h
3
x
n
x
h h h
...
...
( )
i
f x
1
( )
i
f x
+
1
( )
i
f x
+
( )
i
f x
h
i
P
IV-2
2 3 1 1 1 2
( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) ( )
...
2 2 2 2
n n n n
f x f x f x f x f x f x f x f x
P h h h h
+
+ + + +
~ + + + + =
, )
1 2 3 1 1
( ) 2 ( ) 2 ( ) ... 2 ( ) 2 ( ) ( )
2
n n n
h
f x f x f x f x f x f x
+
= + + + + + + =
1 1
2 3 1
( ) ( )
( ) ( ) ... ( ) ( )
2
n
n n
f x f x
h f x f x f x f x
+

+ (
= + + + + +
(

onocno
, ) ( )d ( ) ( ) 2* ( ) ( 2 ) ... ( ( 1) )
2
b
n
a
h
I f x x f a f b f a h f a h f a n h = = + + + + + + + + (
}
.
3a npnnnxna onenxa na anconyrnara rpemxa R na meroor, moxe a ce xopncrn r.n.
npnnnnn na Pynre, cnope xoj
2
1
3
n n
R I I ~ .
xae mro
n
I e pesynraror o npecmerynanara co uexop
b a
h
n

= , a
2n
I e pesynraror o npecmerynanara co uexop
2 2
h b a
n

= .
Hpnuep 1: Co mero na rpanesn, npnnnxno a ce onpeenn
2
0
cosx dx
t
}
, semajxn
1,2,4,8,... n = ce oexa 0,05 R < .
Pemenne:
Hajnpno a nneme reomerpncxo snauene na roa mro npaneme.
n=2
pasnnxara
n=1 pasnnxara
IV-3
Camo a ce norcernme exa no
npexonara rnana X, onnme
anannrnuxo pemenne (r.e. rouno
pemenne) na onoj onpeenen nnrerpan:
2
0
cos 1 x dx
t
=
}
.
- n=1
2
0
1 2
b a
h
n
t

t
= = = .
, ) , )
2
1
2
( ) ( ) (0) ( ) (1 0) 0,785
2 2 4
h
I f a f b f f
t
t
t
= + = + = + ~ (o rpn ennmann).
- n=2
2
0
2 4
b a
h
n
t

t
= = = .
, ) , )
4
2
2 4
( ) ( ) 2 ( ) (0) ( ) 2 ( )
2 2
h
I f a f b f a h f f f
t
t t
= + + + = + + =
(1 0 2 0,707) 0,948
8
t
= + + ~
Cneyna:
1 2
1 1
0,785 0,948 0,055
3 3
R I I = = < mro ne e ononno rouno.
- n=4
2
0
4 8
b a
h
n
t

t
= = = .
, ) , )
2
( ) ( ) 2 ( ) ( 2 ) ( 3 )
2
h
I f a f b f a h f a h f a h = + + + + + + + =
, )
2 8 8 8
( (0) ( ) 2 (0 ) (0 2 ) (0 3 )
16
f f f f f
t t t t
t
= + + + + + + + =
, ) (1 0 2 0,9239 0,7071 0,3827 0,987
16
t
= + + + + ~ .
Cneyna:
2 4
1 1
0,948 0,987 0,013
3 3
R I I = = < mro e ononno rouno.
Oronop na saauara:
2
0
cos 0,987 0,05 x dx
t
=
}
.
n=4 pasnnxara
IV-4
Hpnuep 2: Co mero na rpanesn, npnnnxno a ce onpeenn
1
0,4
d
x
e
x
x
}
semajxn
0,1 h = .
Pemenne: Fpojor
1 0,4 0,6
6
0,1 0,1
b a
n
h

= = = = . 3naun, nocnennor uexop e: 1 7 n + = .
Hmame. (raenara e nanpanena no Excel)
Cneyna: j
1
0,4
0,1
d 3,7296 2,7183 2(3,2974 3,0369 ... 2,7329)
2
x
e
x
x
~ + + + + + =
}
= , )
0,1
6,4479 2 14,758 0,05(35,9639)
2
+ = =1,7950
Oronop na saauara:
1
0,4
d 1,7950
x
e
x
x
~
}
.
Hponepxa: O rpeara no rpa]nxor ce rnea
exa nonpmnnara e:
0,6 0,6 0,5 0,1 1,8 P ~ + + + = \
i
i
x ( )
i
f x
*1 *2
1 0.4 3.7296 3.7296
2 0.5 3.2974 3.2974
3 0.6 3.0369 3.0369
4 0.7 2.8768 2.8768
5 0.8 2.7819 2.7819
6 0.9 2.7329 2.7329
7 1 2.7183 2.7183
6.4479 14.758*2=29,516
IV-5
Hpnuep 2: Kopncrejxn 6 n = n meroor na rpanesn, npnnnxno a ce npecmera
7
1
3 2d x x
}
.
Pemenne: Hajnpno rpea a ro najeme uexopor:
7 1 6
1
6 6
b a
h
n

= = = = ,
a nocnennor uexop e 1 7 n + =
Hmame:
i
i
x ( )
i
f x
*1 *2
1 1 1.0000 1.0000
2 2 2.0000 2.0000
3 3 2.6458 2.6458
4 4 3.1623 3.1623
5 5 3.6056 3.6056
6 6 4.0000 4.0000
7 7 4.3589 4.3589
5.3589 15.4137*2=30.8274
Cneyna:
j
7
6
1
1
3 2d 1,000 4,359 2(2,000 2,646 3,162 3,606 4,000)
2
I x x = ~ + + + + + + =
}
, ) 0,5 5,3589 30,8274 + = 18,0930.
Oronop na saauara:
7
1
3 2d 18,0930 x x ~
}
Hponepxa: O rpeara no rpa]nxor ce rnea
exa nonpmnnara e
6 5,5 4,25 2 0,25 18,00 P ~ + + + + = \
Bo rpa]nxor e aen xomnjyrepcxara
npecmerxa na nonpmnnara, r.e. P =18,182.
IV-6
Hpnuep 3: a ce npecmera ncrnor nnrerpan xaxo no Hpnmep 2, cera semajxn 12 n = n
a ce npecmera npnnnxnara rpemxa nomery nara pesynrarn.
Hajnpno rpea a ro najeme uexopor:
7 1 6
0,5
12 12
b a
h
n

= = = = ,
a nocnennor uexop e 1 13 n + = .
Hmame:
Cneyna:
j
7
12
1
0,5
3 2d 1,000 4,359 2(1,581 ... 4,183)
2
I x x = ~ + + + + =
}
0,25(5,3589 67,2758) + =18,1586 ,
Hpnnnxnara rpemxa na
12
I e:
6 12
1 1
18,0930 18,1586 0,0219 0,03
3 3
R I I = = = < ,
mro e no cxna co xomnjyrepcxara npecmerxa.
i
i
x ( )
i
f x
1 1 1.0000 1.0000
2 1.5 1.5811 1.5811
3 2 2.0000 2.0000
4 2.5 2.3452 2.3452
5 3 2.6458 2.6458
6 3.5 2.9155 2.9155
7 4 3.1623 3.1623
8 4.5 3.3912 3.3912
9 5 3.6056 3.6056
10 5.5 3.8079 3.8079
11 6 4.0000 4.0000
12 6.5 4.1833 4.1833
13 7 4.3589 4.3589
5.3589 33.6379*2=67.2758