EXTENDED MARKUP

LANGUAGE - XML
- -

XML
1998 W3C

:



.
XML de facto

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XML

XML
-

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XML

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OBJECT EXCHANGE MODEL (OEM)

OEM
-

OEM
, ,
:
(label, oid, type, value)

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XML

XML ( )

HTML

XML SGML (Standard Generalized

Markup Language)

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SGML :
(DTD
Document Type Definition), .
XML -,
SGML , .
XML HTML
.

XML vs HTML & XHTML

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 XML

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XML
XML

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XML

XML

XML

DTDs

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XML
,

,
-
start-tag
end-tag ( <STAFF></STAFF>)
XML
,

,
<EMPTYELEMENT/>

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 XML
-

start-tag


( : <STAFF branchNo = B005>)
-

( : <SEX gender = M/>)

, -

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XML

-
:

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. XML
.

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<students>

<student>

<studentCode>. . .</studentCode>

<forename>. . .</forename>

<surname>. . .</surname>

<studyType>. . .</studyType>

<startYear>. . .</startYear>

</student>
</students>
<student studentCode=>
...
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</student>

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DOCUMENT TYPE DEFINITIONS

(DTD)

DTD XML
:

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a



.

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XML

<!ELEMENT STAFFLIST (STAFF)*>

<!ELEMENT STAFF(NAME, POSITION, DOB?, SALARY)>

Asteriks (*) ;
Plus (+) ;
Question mark (?) ;
;

.

<!ELEMENT POSITION (#PCDATA)>

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#PCDATA parsable character data

#PCDATA

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,
, ,

: ,
.
6 :
CDATA - character data, ;

ID
;

IDREF IDREFS-
ID ;
ENTITY ENTITIES ;

NMTOKEN NMTOKENS ,
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<!ATTLIST

STAFF branchNo CDATA

#IMPLIED>

#IMPLIED ,
#REQUIRED ,
#FIXED

<!ATTLIST

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SEX gender (M|F) M>

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, DTD
XML :

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 , IDS ID
REFERENCES

XML ID
.
IDREF
d , IDREFS

Branch Has Staff,
STAFF BRANCH
:
<!ATTLIST STAFF staffNo ID #REQUIRED>
<!ATTLIST BRANCH staff IDREFS #IMPLIED>

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 ID IDREFS

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XML

: -
XML
XML -.
- XML
:

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XML , ,
<?xml version 1.0?>
;

;
start-tag end-tag;
XML
-, XML
,
DTD.
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