The task of the fuel injection equipment:

To supply the right amount of fuel (METERING) To supply fuel at the right moment (TIMING)

To divide up fuel into fine spray (ATOMISATION)

To provide even delivery of fuel into each cylinder

(DISTRIBUTION)

The fuel pump consists of:

Delivery valve spring Delivery valve Slot Inlet port Spill port (relief port, bypass port) Helix (helical groove) Plunger Barrel Rack Pinion Sleeve Flange (key)

Operation:
Fuel pump is actuated by the camshaft
A roller follower rides on the cam, when the follower

is on the base circle of the cam the plunger is at the bottom of its stroke, the fuel fills the barrel above the plunger through the inlet port As the cam rotates the plunger rises and seals off inlet and relief ports, the pumping starts As the plunger continues to move upwards fuel is raised in pressure and expelled through delivery valve to the injector

 The fuel flows at high velocity through small holes in

the injector nozzle and is divided up into fine spray When the edge of helix uncovers the relief port, high pressure is released and pumping stops The plunger is rotated in the barrel with the help of rack and pinion to control the amount of fuel Timing of injection is adjusted by raising or lowering the plunger by the screw in the tappet