MATHEMATICS FORM 2 CHAPTER 3

ALGEBRAIC EXPRESSION S II
By : Pn Rosmawati bt Mat Yusop

SIMPLIFY ALGEBRAIC EXPRESSIONS BY GROUPING LIKE TERMS

EXAMPLE: 1. 7pq + 5 2pq + 3 = 7pq 2pq + 5 + 3 = 5pq + 8

an algebraic expression
Susun semula mengikut sebutan yg serupa (unknown sama). Tanda di depan setiap sebutan dibawa sekali semasa menyusun semula.

Kira macam biasa

2. 2xy 5pqr + 4yx 3pqr = 2xy + 4yx 5pqr 3pqr = 6xy 8pqr

3.

DO EXERCISES IN GIVEN WORKSHEET PAGE 1

MULTIPLY AND DIVIDE ALGEBRAIC EXPRESSIONS BY A NUMBER

Multiply an algebraic expression by a number. EXAMPLE: an algebraic expression 1. 4(2p + 3)

a number

4(2p + 3) = 4x2p + 4x3 = 8p + 12

Darabkan nombor dengan setiap sebutan dalam kurungan 4x2p + 4x3 boleh juga ditulis: 4(2p) + 4(3) ->tanda darab ditukarkan dgn kurungan

2. -2(3x 2y + 5) = -2 x 3x - (-2 x 2y) + (-2 x 5) = -6x - (-4y) + (-10) = -6x + 4y - 10

3.

Divide an algebraic expression by a number. an algebraic expression EXAMPLE: a number 1. (4y - 6) 2 = 4y 6 Tukarkan kepada bentuk pecahan 2 = 4y - 6 Bahagikan setiap sebutan dengan 2 2 2 = 2y - 3

2. (-4w 12v) (-4) = -4w 12 v -4 = - 4w - 12v -4 -4 = w (-3v) = w + 3v

3. (4xy2 - 6yz) (-8) = 4xy2 - 6yz -8 -8 = - xy2 - (-3yz) 2 4 = - xy2 + 3yz 2 4

DO EXERCISES IN GIVEN WORKSHEET PAGE 2

ADDITION AND SUBTRACTION INVOLVING TWO ALGEBRAIC EXPRESSIONS

To add two algebraic expressions. EXAMPLE:

1st algebraic expression 2nd algebraic expression

1. (2ab 3) + (ab + 1) = 2ab 3 + ab + 1 = 2ab + ab 3 + 1

Buangkan kurungan

Susun semula mengikut sebutan yg serupa (unknown sama).

= 3ab - 2

2. (4pq 3qr) + (2qp - 5qr) = 4pq 3qr + 2qp +(-5qr) = 4pq 3qr + 2qp - 5qr

Buangkan kurungan

Susun semula mengikut sebutan yg serupa (unknown sama).

= 4pq + 2qp 3qr 5qr

= 6pq - 8qr

3. (ab +3pqr) +(2pqr 7ab + cd) = ab + 3pqr + 2pqr +(-7ab) +(+cd) = ab + 3pqr + 2pqr 7ab + cd = ab 7ab + 3pqr + 2pqr + cd = -6ab + 5pqr + cd

To subtract two algebraic expressions. EXAMPLE:

1st algebraic expression

2nd algebraic expression

1. (2ab 3) - (ab + 1) = 2ab 3 - ab - (+1)

= 2ab 3 ab - 1

Buangkan kurungan

Susun semula mengikut sebutan yg serupa (unknown sama).

= 2ab ab 3 1 = ab - 4

2. (4pq 3qr) - (2qp - 5qr) = 4pq 3qr - 2qp -(-5qr) = 4pq 3qr - 2qp + 5qr

Buangkan kurungan

Susun semula mengikut sebutan yg serupa (unknown sama).

= 4pq - 2qp 3qr + 5qr

= 2pq + 2qr

3. (ab +3pqr) - (2pqr 7ab + cd) = ab + 3pqr - 2pqr -(-7ab) -(+cd) = ab + 3pqr - 2pqr + 7ab - cd = ab + 7ab + 3pqr - 2pqr - cd = 8ab + pqr - cd

SIMPIFY ALGEBRAIC EXPRESSIONS

EXAMPLE: 1. 4(2p + 3) -2(3p 2y + 5) = 4x2p + 4x3 ( 2x3p - 2x2y + 2x5) = 8p + 12 (6p 4y + 10) Buangkan kurungan = 8p + 12 6p + 4y 10 = 8p 6p + 4y + 12 10 = 2p + 4y + 2
Susun semula mengikut sebutan yg serupa (unknown sama).