Termodinamika

Dr.-Ing. Sihana

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Kerjakan pada lembar soal.

Air at 100 kPa and 300 K with a mass flowrate of 0.05 kg/s is to be compressed to 800 kPa using
any one of the following methods:
- Method 1: Quasistatic adiabatic compression from 100 kPa to 800 kPa in a single
compressor.
- Method 2: Quasistatic adiabatic compression from 100 kPa to 250 kPa in one compressor
followed by quasistatic adiabatic compression from 250 kPa to 800 kPa in a second
compressor.
- Method 3: Quasistatic adiabatic compression from 100 kPa to 250 kPa in one compressor
followed by constant pressure cooling to 300 K at 250 kPa, and then quasistatic adiabatic
compression from 250 kPa to 800 kPa in a second compressor.
Determine the method in which the total power requirement is the lowest.
4 3 2
T T T T
R
c
p
c o | o + + + + =

dg konstanta (3.653; -1.33710
-3
; 3.29410
-6
; -1.91310
-9
; 0.276310
-12
)

Diketahui: Udara p
1
= 100 kPa, 300 K, 0.05 kg/s, dikompresi menjadi 800 kPa. Kompresor
tunggal, kompresor dua tingkat, kompresor dua tingkat dengan intercooler 300 K.

Ditanyakan: Kerja yang diperlukan.

Asumsi:
- Sistem terbuka (CV), energi kinetik dan potensial diabaikan.
- Udara sebagai gas ideal, c
p
konstan = 1.005 kJ/(kg K), k = (c
p
/c
v
) = 1.4.
- Kompresi berlangsung secara adiabat, reversibel (isentropis).
- Cooler bekerja secara isobaris, adiabat.

Solusi:

Neraca energi sistem CV, steady state steday flow:

|
|
.
|

\
|
+ +
|
|
.
|

\
|
+ + + + =
o
o
o o i
i
i i cv cv
cv
gz
c
h m gz
c
h m P Q
dt
dE
2 2
2 2

( ) ( )
o i cv o i cv cv
h h w h h m P Q + + = + + =
cv
q 0 atau 0

;
untuk kompresor berlaku (q
cv
= 0): ( )
o i cv
h h w + + =
cv
q 0 ( )
i o p i o cv
T T c h h w = =
untuk cooler berlaku (w
cv
= 0): ( )
o i cv
h h w + + =
cv
q 0 ( )
i o
h h =
cv
q

Proses isentropis: konstan =
k
pv
Gas ideal p RT v = , sehingga
k
|
|
.
|

\
|
=
i i
o o
o
i
p T
p T
p
p

k
k 1
|
|
.
|

\
|
=
i
o
i o
p
p
T T

Kompresor tunggal: p
i
= 100 kPa; T
i
= 300 K; p
o
= 800 kPa
4 . 1
1 4 . 1
100
800
K 300

|
.
|

\
|
=
o
T = 543.4 K
( )
i o p i o cv
T T c h h w = = = 1.005 kJ/(kg K) ( 543.4 300) = 244.65 kJ/kg

Termodinamika
Dr.-Ing. Sihana

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Kompresor dua tingkat:

K-1:
4 . 1
1 4 . 1
100
250
K 300

|
.
|

\
|
=
o
T T
2
= 389.7 K ( )
i o p i o cv
T T c h h w = = = 1.005 (389.7 300) =
90.2 kJ/kg

K-2:
4 . 1
1 4 . 1
250
800
K 389.7

|
.
|

\
|
=
o
T T
3
= 543.4 K ( )
i o p i o cv
T T c h h w = = = 154.4 kJ/kg
Total = w
cv
= 90.2 + 154.4 = 244.6 kJ/kg


Kompresor dua tingkat dengan intercooler:

K-1: T
2
= 389.7 K w
cv
= 90.2 kJ/kg
C-1: T
3
= 300 K
K-2: T
4
=
4 . 1
1 4 . 1
250
800
K 300

|
.
|

\
|
=
o
T T
4
= 418.2 K w
cv
= 118.8 kJ/kg

Total: w
cv
= 90.2 + 118.8 = 209.08 kJ/kg (lebih kecil dibanding model satu tingkat)