Experiment 3

NAME / TITLE TOPIC LEARNING OBJECTIVE KEY SCIENCE CONCEPTS/ MAIN MESSAGES PROPS/ MATERIALS

Hot Ice How to make hot ice? Supersaturated, Crystallization Crystallization will evolve heat (exothermic reaction) -Sodium Acetate, CH3COONa -Distilled Water -Bunsen Burner -Beaker -Spatula -Tripod Stand -Wire Gauze

WHAT TO DO?

1. Boiled the distilled water in the beaker and sodium acetate is adding inside. 2. Heat the solution to just below its boiling point. 3. Stir in more sodium acetate. Keeps stirring and adding sodium acetate until you start to see solid material accumulating at the bottom of the beaker. 4. Pour the hot solution into a glass or other container. Do not allow any of the undissolved solid to enter the container. 5. Cool the solution in the refrigerator 30 minutes to an hour. Remove the solution from the refrigerator. As long as you didn't leave any solid sodium acetate in the solution, it should still be liquid.

WHAT HAPPENS?

When you are ready to make 'ice' introduce a little of the solid sodium acetate. You could dip a toothpick or the edge of a spoon in sodium acetate powder. The crystallization will evolve heat (exothermic reaction), making the solid feel hot to the touch (~130 F)

SCIENCE EXPLANATION

1. Sodium acetate is an ionic compound consisting of sodium cations, Na(+), and acetate ions, C2H3O2(-). Like most acetates, it exhibits high solubility in water: the solubility increases as the temperature increases. The hot ice demonstration calls for creating a saturated solution of sodium acetate in hot water, then cooling it by placing the solution in a freezer. As the solution cools, the solution will be supersaturated. 2., In the solution, the ions move freely in random. When the ions combine to form solid crystallites, their freedom of motion becomes restricted. As the ions freedom of motion becomes restricted, the energy will be released as heat energy. Consequently, the introduction of a

solid crystallite of sodium acetate will warm itself as the sodium acetate precipitates from solution. 3. Consequently, most instructions for the hot ice demonstration call for adding a few grains of solid sodium acetate to the supersaturated solution to induce crystallization.