Belajar Bahasa Inggeris

Ditujukan kepada pelajar aliran Melayu, atau mereka yang pertuturan asasnya ialah bahasa Melayu macam saya. Belajar ikut turutan berikut :

I, you, he, she, they, this, that, we, it, these, those
I me You He She They Them That It This We these those Saya Saya Awak Dia (Lelaki) Dia (Perempuan) Mereka Mereka Itu Itu Ini Kami benda-benda ini benda-benda itu

am, is, are

Ketiga-tiga am, is, are bermakna ialah, adalah, sedang. Bagaimanapun :

am digunakan selepas perkataan 'I'. is digunakan selepas perkataan 'he', 'she', 'it'. are digunakan selepas perkataan 'we', 'they'.
Contoh am, is, are yang bermakna ialah (adalah):

I am a boy he is a boy she is a girl it is a snake we are men

saya (ialah) seorang lelaki dia (ialah) seorang lelaki dia (ialah) seorang perempuan itu (ialah) seekor ular kami (ialah) lelaki

they are good

mereka (adalah) bagus

Contoh am, is, are yang bermakna sedang:

I am angry I am hungry he is thirsty she is tired we are happy they are sad

saya (sedang) marah, saya marah ni saya (sedang) lapar, saya lapar ni dia (sedang) haus dia (sedang) penat kami (sedang) gembira mereka (sedang) bersedih

Dalam bahasa Melayu, penggunaan 'ialah' boleh ditinggalkan tetapi dalam bahasa Inggeris, penggunaannya adalah dimestikan. am, is, are boleh juga digunakan sebagai soalan. Apabila digunakan sebagai soalan, am, is, are bermakna adakah. Contoh :

Am I look sad ? Is he tall ? Is she healthy ? Are you good at math ?

Adakah saya kelihatan sedih ? Adakah dia tinggi ? Adakah dia sihat ? Adakah awak bagus dalam matematik ?

am, is, are juga boleh bermakna kah dalam soalan. Contoh :

Who am I ? who is he ? who are they what is this ? where are they ?

siapa kah saya ? siapa kah dia ? siapa kah mereka ? apa kah ini ? dimana kah mereka ?

I, me
(Kedua-dua 'I' dan 'me' bermakna 'saya', tetapi terdapat perbezaan dalam penggunaannya).

I am a boy Me a boy

- right - wrong

- saya ialah seorang budak laki-laki - tunjukkan saya jalan itu

Show me the way

- right

show i the wayt Let me know Let I know You and I You and me I am happy Me happy Tell me Tell I

- wrong - beritahu saya - awak dan saya - saya gembira - beritahu saya

- right - wrong - right - right - right - wrong

- right - wrong

he, him
(Membezakan penggunaan he dengan him).

he is angry him is angry

- right - dia (sedang) marah - wrong - right - jangan pandang dia - wrong

dont look at him dont look at he

she, her
(Membezakan penggunaan she dengan her).

she is a girl perempuan her is a girl dont look at her dont look at she her book she book

- right - dia adalah seorang budak - wrong - right - jangan pandang pada dia - wrong

- right - buku dia - wrong

they, them
(Membezakan penggunaan they dengan them).

They win Them win

- right - Mereka menang - wrong

look at them - right - Lihat mereka look at they - wrong

we, us
(Membezakan penggunaan we dengan us).
we are angry us are angry - right - kami (sedang) marah - wrong

dont look at us - right - jangan pandang pada kami dont look at we - wrong

my, his, her, our, your, their, its

my, his, her, our, your, their, its membayangkan kepunyaan. Contoh :
my book her book his book their book our book your book its tail buku saya buku dia buku dia buku mereka buku kami buku awak ekornya

mine, his, hers, yours, theirs, ours, its

mine, his, hers, theirs, ours, yours, its membayangkan siapa punya. Contoh :
mine yours his hers ours its saya punya awak punya dia punya dia punya kami punya ia punya

thay book is mine - buku itu adalah saya punya that book is his - buku itu adalah dia punya this book is hers - buku ini adalah dia punya this book is yours - buku ini adalah awak punya these books are ours - buku-buku ini adalah kami punya those books are theirs - buku-buku itu adalah mereka punya this shit is its - najis ini dia (haiwan) punya

's
's juga membayangkan siapa punya. Contoh :
Ahmad's book This book is Ahmad's - buku Ahmad - buku ini Ahmad punya

was, were
was, were digunakan bagi menandakan keadaan atau peristiwa yang telah berlaku. Ia lebihkurang bermaksud telah, sudah, dahulu.

was digunakan selepas gantinama I, he, she, it. Contoh

I was angry he was hungry she was fat it was red saya (dahulu) marah dia (dahulu) lapar dia (dahulu) gemuk ia (dahulu) merah

were digunakan selepas gantinama they, we. Contoh :

They were enemy We were class-mates we were babies - mereka (dulu) musuh - kami (dulu) rakan sekelas - kami (dahulu) bayi

am, was
(Membezakan penggunaan am dan was).
I am happy I was happy I am angry I was angry - saya (sekarang) gembira. - saya (dahulu) gembira. - saya (sedang) marah - saya (dahulu) marah

are, were
(Membezakan penggunaan are dan were)
You are sad You were sad - awak (sekarang) sedih - awak (dahulu) sedih.

a, an
a, an bermakna suatu, satu, seorang, sebuah, sebiji, sekeping dan sebagainya. Contoh :
a a a a book tree man girl sebuah buku. sebatang pokok. seorang lelaki. seorang wanita.

an digunakan bila ejaan benda itu bermula dengan huruf a, e, i, o, u. Contoh :

an egg - sebiji telur an owl - seekor burung hantu

an juga digunakan bila ejaan benda itu bukan bermula dengan huruf a, e, i, o, u. tetapi bunyinya seperti huruf a, e, i, o, u. Contoh :
an hour - satu jam

the
Perkataan the mempunyai beberapa maksud. Kadang-kadang the memberi makna bahawa hanya terdapat satu sahaja benda atau perkara itu dalam dunia ini. Contoh :
The earth - bumi

The air The sun

- udara - matahari

Kadang-kadang the juga memberi makna itu. Contoh :

the car the shirt the boy - kereta itu - baju itu - budak itu

Kadang-kadang the juga memberi makna ini. Contoh :

at the moment at the rate - pada ini ketika >>> pada ketika ini. - pada ini kadar >>> pada kadar ini.

Kadang-kadang the juga memberi makna yang. Contoh :

the smaller ball - yang lebih kecil bola >>> bola yang lebih kecil.

has, have, had

has, have, had bermaksud ada, mempunyai, memiliki. has, have bermaksud ada, mempunyai, memiliki pada masa sekarang. had bermaksud ada, mempunyai, memiliki pada masa terdahulu. has digunakan selepas she, he, it. have digunakan selepas we, you, I, they. had digunakan selepas semuanya (she, he, it, we, you, I, they). Contoh :
I have a cat - Saya (sekarang) ada seekor kucing She has a book - Dia (sekarang) ada sebuah buku He has a bicycle - Dia (sekarang) ada sebuah basikal You have a pencil - awak (sekarang) ada sebatang pensel They have fruits - Mereka (sekarang) ada buah-buahan It has tail - Ia (sekarang) ada ekor we have bicycles - kami (sekarang) ada basikal I had a fever yesterday She had a cat I had scolded him you had a dream we had red shoes He had yellow pencil - saya ada demam semalam dia pernah mempunyai seekor kucing saya ada marah dia. awak pernah bermimpi kami pernah ada kasut merah dia pernah ada pensil kuning

Apabila has, have dijadikan soalan, ia bermaksud sudahkah?. Contoh :

has she tell you ? have they arrive ? - sudahkah dia beritahu awak ? - sudahkah mereka sampai ?

had boleh juga bermaksud kalaulah. Contoh :

Had you follow the rules, the accident would not happen

- Kalaulah awak ikut peraturan, kemalangan itu tidak akan berlaku.

do, does, did, done

I do I did She does She did He does He did They do They did We do We did Do you.. ? Does she...? Does he ...? Did he ... ? Did she ...? Saya yang buat, memang saya sayalah yang telah melakukannya Dia (perempuan) yang buat Dialah (perempuan) yang buat Dia (lelaki) yang buat Dialah (lelaki) yang buat Mereka yang buat Merekalah yang buat Kami buat Kamilah yang melakukannya Awak kah ? Adakah awak ? Dia kah ? Adakah dia ? Diakah ? Adakah dia ? Diakah ? Adakah dia ? Diakah ? Adakah dia ?

'...ed', '...en' :
Akhiran '...ed', '...en' bermakna 'bangun kena buat'
kill killed is killed was killed write wrote is written was written bunuh telah membunuh dibunuh telah dibunuh tulis telah menulis ditulis telah ditulis

this, these
Kedua-dua this, these bermakna ini. Bagaimanapun, this digunakan kepada benda yang bilangannya hanya satu. these pula digunakan kepada benda-benda yang bilangannya lebih dari satu. Contoh :
this pen these pens this hole these holes - pen ini - pen-pen ini - lubang ini - lubang-lubang ini

that, those
Kedua-dua that, those bermakna itu. Bagaimanapun, that digunakan kepada benda yang bilangannya hanya satu. those pula digunakan kepada benda-benda yang bilangannya lebih dari satu. Contoh :
that pen those pens - pen itu - pen-pen itu

that hole those holes

- lubang itu - lubang-lubang itu

...s
Akhiran 's' menjadi petunjuk bahawa bilangan adalah lebih dari satu.
Singular Plural Contoh : a book two books three books many books books this book these books that book those books my book my books the book sebuah buku dua buah buku tiga buah buku banyak buku buku-buku buku ini buku-buku ini buku itu buku-buku itu buku saya buku-buku saya buku berkenaan, buku itu = satu = Lebih dari satu

Any
Any Any book Anything Anywhere Anyhow anyone - apa-apa, mana-mana mana-mana buku apa-apa di mana-mana bagaimanapun sesiapa

Do you have any cheese? He doesn't have any friends in Chicago.

or, and
or and both all but while meanwhile though eventhough atau dan kedua-dua semua tetapi sementara sementara itu walau, meski walaupun, meskipun

How much, how many

how much how many - berapa banyak - berapa banyak

how many diguna bagi benda yang boleh dikira (countable). how much digunakan bagi benda yang tidak boleh dikira (uncountable).

how how how how

many much many much

pens ? water ? balls ? air ?

berapa berapa berapa berapa

banyak banyak banyak banyak

pen ? air ? bola ? udara ?

Used to
Used to - biasa, biasanya I used to go to the beach - saya biasa pergi ke pantai She used to study English - dia biasa belajar Inggeris I used to start work at 9 o'clock. - saya biasa mula kerja pukul 9

Bentuk
Bentuk - shape bulat - round bujur - oval empatsegi - rectangular empatsegi sama - square tigasegi - triangle lurus - straight panjang - long pendek - short bintang - star 3 bintang - 3-star pentagon - segi lima

Corak
Corak - pattern

Pertanyaan, Soalan
Pertanyaan tanya bertanya what Why where who which whose how when ? do ? - Question - ask - asking apa mengapa, kenapa dimana siapa yang mana ? siapa punya bagaimana ? bila ? adakah ?

am I right ? - adakah saya betul ? am i look sad ? - adakah saya nampak sedih ? is it ? is it true ? is he ... ? - adakah ia benar ? ,iakah ?, betulkah ? - adakah ia benar ?, benar kah ? - adakah dia ... ?, diakah ?

is she ... ? - adakah dia ... ?, diakah ? is that your cat - adakah itu kucing awak ? are you sure - adakah awak pasti ? are you happy - adakah awak gembira ? are they absent?- adakah mereka tidak hadir ? are you there were you there was it hot which one what is that what is this - adakah awak disana (sekarang) ? - adakah awak disana (masa itu) ? - adakah ia panas ? - yang mana satu - apa (kah) itu ? - apa (kah) ini ? - bagaimana awak rasa ?

how do you feel ? how many how much do you ? did you ? do they ... ? what what what what

- berapa banyak (boleh dibilang) ? - berapa banyak (tidak boleh dibilang) ?

- adakah awak (yang buat) ? - adakah awak (yang telah buat) - adakah mereka ... ? (sudah berlaku) ? do you mean ? - apa kah maksud anda ? is happening ? - apa sedang berlaku ? happened ? - apa telah berlaku ? had happenned ? - apa yang telah berlaku ? - bila ia akan berlaku ? - siapa dia (lelaki) itu ? - siapa dia (wanita) itu ? - sudahkah awak... ? - sudahkah dia (wanita) ... ? - sudahkah dia (lelaki) ... ? - patutkah saya ? - awak akan buat kah ?

when will it happen ? who is he ? who is she ? have you ... ? has she ... ? has he ... ? should I ... will you ?

who
who bermakna siapa. Digunakan kepada manusia.
Who is he who is the champion - siapa kah dia - siapa kah juaranya

who bermakna yang.

He is the man who won the competition Dia lah orangnya yang memenangi pertandingan itu We met the student who score 10A Kita telah berjumpa pelajar yang memperoleh 10A

whom

whom bermakna yang. Digunakan kepada manusia.

That is the boy whom you are looking

Itu ialah budak lelaki yang awak cari

The people whom we met were friendly Orang-orang yang kita telah temui adalah peramah

whose
whose bermakna yang ... nya. Digunakan kepada manusia.
That is the man whose son won the race. - Itu lah orang yang anak lelakinya memenangi perlumbaan. They helped the woman whose house was burnt down. - Mereka telah menolong perempuan yang rumahnya telah terbakar.

which
who bermakna yang mana. Digunakan kepada benda atau haiwan.
Which one is yours which one to use - yang mana satu kah awak punya - yang mana satu kah nak digunakan

which bermakna yang. Digunakan bagi benda atau haiwan.

It is the snake which ate my chicken. - Itu lah ular yang telah makan ayam saya. This is the book which she bought. - Ini ialah buku yang dia telah beli.

My, His, Her, Our, Your, Their

This This This This This This is is is is is is my book your book his book her book our book their book Ini Ini Ini Ini Ini Ini ialah ialah ialah ialah ialah ialah buku buku buku buku buku buku saya awak dia (lelaki) dia (perempuan) kita mereka

mine, yours, his, hers, theirs, ours, its

This This This This This This This is is is is is is is mine yours his hers theirs ours its Ini Ini Ini Ini Ini Ini Ini saya punya awak punya dia (lelaki) punya dia (perempuan) punya mereka punya kita punya dia (binatang) punya

mine This book is mine yours This book is yours his This book is his hers this book is hers

- Saya punya - buku ini saya punya - Awak punya - buku ini awak punya - Dia (lelaki) punya - buku ini dia punya - Dia (perempuan) punya - buku ini dia punya

Theirs - Mereka punya these books are theirs - buku-buku ini mereka punya Ours these books are ours its this food is its - Kami punya, Kita punya - buku-buku ini kami punya - buku-buku ini kita punya - Dia (binatang)(benda) punya - makanan ini ia punya

in
in mempunyai 2 makna : dalam atau pada. Contoh :
in the box in my opinion - dalam kotak itu - pada pendapat saya

no, not, un, dis

not happy unhappy not pleisure displeasure - tidak gembira - tidak gembira - tidak menggembirakan - tidak menggembirakan

less
unless less than not less than toothless beardless penniless useless - kecuali - kurang dari - tidak kurang dari tidak tidak tidak tidak bergigi berjambang berduit berguna

Lokasi
Kedudukan Location Disana Disitu Disini - Position - lokasi (kedudukan tempat) - there, over there - there, over there - here, right here

dalam - in, inside luar - out, outside depan - front Didepan - in front of belakang - back dibelakang - behind, at the back of atas - upper, on diatas - on top of diatas - over disebelah - beside disebelah kiri - on the left side disebelah kanan - on the right side bawah - below

dibawah dibawah diantara mendahului ketinggalan dihujung ditepi

underneath at the bottom in between leading left behind at the tip of at the edge of

Jarak
Jarak jauh sangat jauh dekat sangat dekat jarak jauh jarak dekat pendek panjang - Distance far very far near very near long distance short distance short long

Ukuran kuantiti
quantity a - kuantiti - satu (digunakan bagi benda yang ejaannya bermula bukan dengan a e i o u) - a book, a pencil, a pen, a ball - satu (digunakan bagi benda yang ejaannya bermula dengan a e i o u) - an owl, an arch, an egg, an uncle - beberapa (digunakan bagi benda yang boleh dihitung) - a few pencils - a few pens - banyak (digunakan bagi benda yang boleh dihitung) - many boys - many pencils - banyak (digunakan bagi benda yang sukar dihitung) - much water - much air

an

a few

many

much

several - beberapa (digunakan bagi benda yang boleh dihitung) - several ducks - several girls some - beberapa (digunakan bagi benda yang boleh dihitung) - some chalk - some pictures - mana-mana, apa-apa

any

(digunakan bagi benda samada boleh dihitung atau sukar dihitung) - any boxes - any milk a lot of - banyak (digunakan bagi kedua-dua benda samada yang boleh dihitung atau yang sukar dihitung) - a lot of flowers - a lot of dust plenty of - banyak (digunakan bagi kedua-dua benda samada yang boleh dihitung atau yang sukar dihitung) - plenty of water - plenty of flowers a large number of - banyak (digunakan bagi kedua-dua benda samada yang boleh dihitung atau yang sukar dihitung) - a large number of birds a little - sedikit - (digunakan bagi benda yang sukar dihitung) - a little rice a great amount of - jumlah yang banyak - (digunakan bagi benda yang sukar dihitung) - a great amount of flour a great deal of - jumlah yang banyak - (digunakan bagi benda yang sukar dihitung) - a great amount of sugar

Keluarga Perasaan
Perasaan suka gembira benci sedih biasa tak pasti kesunyian terganggu takut bimbang penat haus kenyang bosan sibuk - feeling, mood happy, like happy hate sad normal, usual not sure lonely annoyed afraid, scared worriy tired thirsty full bored busy

Masa
Masa Hari saat minit jam - time - day - second - minute - hour

pukul 1 - 1 o'clock pukul 2 10 minit- 10 minute past 2 sekarang sekarang ini tadi semalam malam semalam besok malam besok malam siang akan datang pada masa itu saat detik minit jam hari minggu bulan tahun abad minggu lepas bulan lepas tahun lepas minggu depan bulan depan tahun depan abad depan saat ini hari ini minggu ini bulan ini tahun ini abad ini - now - right now - just now - yesterday - last night, yesterday night - tomorrow - tomorrow night - night - day - forthcoming, in the future - at that moment second, moment moment minute hour day week month year century

- last week, previous week - last month, previous month - last year, previous year next next next next week month year century

this moment today this week this month this year this century

dua hari lepas - last two days

tiga hari lepas - last three days dua bulan lepas - last two month baru-baru ini - recently hanya baru-baru ini - only recently lama dulu - long time ago pada saat ini - at this moment sekejap lagi - in a moment satu satu satu satu satu satu satu minit lagi - one more minute, another minute jam lagi - one more hour, another hour hari lagi - one more day, another day minggu lagi- one more week, another week bulan lagi - one more month, another month tahun lagi - one more year, another year abad lagi - one more century, another century during at that time after this after that before this before that

semasa pada masa itu selepas ini selepas itu sebelum ini sebelum itu

dahulu - previous dahulu - previously hari sebelumnya - previous day minggu sebelumnya- previous week bulan sebelumnya- previous month Ahad Isnin Selasa Rabu Khamis Jumaat Sabtu hari bekerja hari cuti hujung minggu Sunday Monday Tuesday Wednesday Khamis Friday Saturday

- weekdays - holiday - weekend

Tempoh
tempoh Sekejap Lama seminit sehari sangat lama - period, duration in a short while long time one minute one day very long time

Bilangan
bilangan Kosong satu - number, quantity - nil, zero, null - one

dua tiga empat lima enam tujuh lapan sembilan sepuluh sebelas dua belas tiga belas empat belas dua puluh dua puluh satu dua puluh dua seratus seribu sejuta

two three four five six seven eight nine ten eleven twelve thirteen fourteen twenty twenty one twenty two one hundred one thousand one million

semua - all part - bahagian sebahagian - a part of, a portion of sebahagian kecil - a small part of, a small portion of sebahagian besar - a big part, a big chunk of

Kedudukan
Pertama kedua ketiga keempat kelima keenam ketujuh kelapan depan belakang atas bawah tepi tengah di di di di di depan belakang atas bawah tepi first second first runner-up third second runner-up fourth fifth sixth seventh eighth front back top bottom edge middle in at on at at the the the the the the top the the front of back of of bottom of edge of

terakhir terawal terbaik terburuk

last first, the earliest best worst

Warna
warna putih hitam kelabu kelam biru hijau merah kuning jingga coklat oren terang pekat biru muda biru pekat hijau muda hijau pekat - colour white black grey gray blue green red yellow pink brown orange bright heavy, dark light blue dark blue light green dark green

berwarna warni - colourful tidak berwarna - colourless tembus - transparent

Saiz
Saiz Besar Kecil Sangat Kecil Sangat Besar Halus Lebih besar Lebih kecil Sederhana Paling besar Paling kecil - Size Big Small Very small Very big, Gigantum. Tiny Bigger Smaller. moderate. the biggest the smallest

Tanda-tanda
, . " " ! ? * + - comma - full-stop, dot, point, period - quote, quotation mark " - double-quotes (seruan) - exclamation mark (tanda soal) - question mark - asterisk (campur) - plus (tolak) - minus, dash, hyphen (ruang) - space / (palang) - forward-slash - oblique \ (palang) - backward-slash -> (anak panah) - arrow ( - opening bracket, left-parenthesis ) - closing bracket, right parenthesis (koma) (titik)

( % ~ ' [ | @ $ ^ { } { & < > : ; _ =

) (kurungan) - parenthesis (peratus) - percentage - tilde - apostrophe ] - square bracket - pipe - alias - dollar - circumflex - left brace - right brace } - curly brace - ampersand - less than - more than, greater than - colon, double dot - semi-colon - underscore - equal sign

Rasa
Rasa Manis Masam Masam manis Pahit tiada rasa Pedas Masin Sejuk Panas Suam - Taste Sweet Sour sweet sour Bitter tasteless hot salty Cold hot Warm

Bunyi mengelirukan
Cuba bunyikan : Try To Save - Registry - Two - Safe

Bunyi hampir sama

affect beside bent due damage manner moral premise wage dependent memberi kesan effect - kesan disebelah, disamping besides - disamping itu bend - lengkung tiba masa dues - hutang rosak damages - kerosakan manners morals premises melakukan wages - gaji, upah - bergantung dependant - orang lain yang bergantung harap pada anda compliment - pujian complement - melengkapkan desert - gurun dessert - makanan tambahan

fry - goreng hung informer - pengadu mature - masak message - pesanan date - tarikh deer - rusa air - udara aloud - kuat ate - sudah makan ball - bola beach - pantai bitch been tree - pokok guess - agak

(pencuci fries hanged informant matured massage dates dear heir allowed eight bawl beech bean three guest

mulut) gorengan tergantung - pengaduan dewasa, matang urut buah kurma sayang bakal raja dibenarkan lapan

- kacang - tiga - tetamu

...self
self Myself Yourself Himself Herself Itself Themselves Ourself - diri sendiri diri saya sendiri diri awak sendiri dirinya sendiri dirinya sendiri dirinya sendiri diri mereka sendiri diri kita sendiri

Inggeris bahasa terbalik

Red Apple Red apple Long ruler Long ruler my ruler my ruler - merah - Epal - Epal merah - panjang - pembaris - pembaris panjang - saya - pembaris - pembaris saya

Malaysian flag - bendera Malaysia

Keadaan
Keadaan Baik Lebih baik Paling baik Teruk Lebih teruk Paling teruk Sihat Cantik - situation Good Better the best Bad worse The worst Healthy Pretty, beautiful

Licin Keras Lembut Lembik Selamat sakit

Slippery Hard Soft Soft Safe, secure sick

Perbuatan
Perbuatan Makan Minum Tidur Main Belajar kerja Mengajar Baling Simpan Buang duduk Baring lompat Jalan Lari Lihat Dengar Pegang Sentuh Usap Menangis Ketawa sayang Suka - Action, verb Eat Drink Sleep Play Study, Learn Work Teach Throw Save Throw-away Sit Lay Jump Walk Run see Listen Hold Touch rub Cry laugh love like

Kekerapan
Kekerapan Selalu Sentiasa jarang-jarang kadang-kadang sekali-sekala tak pernah tabiat sekali hanya sekali sekali sahaja dua kali tiga kali empat kali lima kali berpuluh kali beratus kali beribu kali kali ini sahaja - frequency always, often all the time seldom sometimes once in a while never habit once once only, only one time only once, one time only twice, two times thrice, three times four times five times tens times hundred times thousand times only this time

sekali itu saja banyak kali sekali sehari sekali setahun dua kali setahun setiap tahun setiap hari dua tahun sekali

only that time many times once a day once a year twice a year every year every day once in two years

Sikap, Perangai
baik bad lembut jahat sabar marah pemarah biasa ikut mud good bad soft bad patience angry hot-tempered normal, ordinary moody

Penyambung ayat
Penyambung ayat - conjunctions / prepositions Jadi... - so Walaupun - though, although, even though, even if Meskipun - inspite of kerana - because oleh kerana itu lah - that is why tetapi - but dan - and atau - or sejak itu - since jika - if about above across after against along among around at before behind beyond but by despite down during except for from in inside tentang, mengenai di atas, mengatasi sepanjang selepas bertentangan bersama, seiring diantara, dalam kumpulan keliling pada sebelum di belakang tetapi oleh, dengan meskipun dibawah semasa kecuali untuk dari, daripada dalam di sebelah dalam

into like near of off on onto out outside over past since through throughout till to toward under underneath until up upon with within without

ke dalam seperti dekat pada, diatas keatas luar bahagian luar atas lepas semenjak menembusi seluruh hingga ke kearah bawah bawah hingga atas dengan didalam tanpa

if
if if if if if - jika I were you - jika saya jadi awak you were me - jika awak jadi saya tomorrow not raining - jika esok tidak hujan you ask him - jika awak tanya dia

in, on, at
in on at near beside at the top at the edge Contoh : in the house on the desk at the canteen near the door beside the ball didalam rumah diatas meja dekat kantin berdekatan pintu disebelah bola didalam diatas dekat dekat disebelah di bahagian atas sipi

to, into, from, out from

to into - ke - ke dalam

from out from contoh : he he he he walks walks walks walks

- dari = keluar dari

to the door - dia berjalan ke arah pintu into the room - dia berjalan ke dalam bilik from his house - dia berjalan dari rumahnya out from the toilet - dia berjalan keluar dari tandas.

must have, can't have should have, needn't have Kerjaya

Kerjaya doktor guru, cikgu askar polis jurutera posman artis atlet pengarang tukang gunting rambut tukang sembelih haiwan tukang besi tukang kayu pemandu peribadi tukang kasut pemandu tukang ambil tiket doktor gigi petani penjual ikan penjual bunga penjual runcit penjual jalanan hakim peguam pustakawan mekanik pelombong penjual suratkhabar jururawat jurugambar juruterbang tukang paip penyair penyanyi pengadil pelayar - occupation doctor teacher soldier policeman engineer postman astiste athlete author barber butcher blacksmith carpenter chauffeur cobbler driver conductor dentist farmer fishmonger florist grocer hawker judge lawyer librarian mechanic miner newsagent nurse photographer pilot plumber poet singer referee sailor

pengukir penjaga kambing penjahit pakaian jurutaip pembuat jam

sculptor shepherd tailor typist watch maker

jantina
Jantina male female man woman brother sister bull cow tiger tigress boy girl cock hen hero heroin actor actress bridegroom bride headmaster headmistress host hostess waiter waitress manager manageress king queen - gender - jantan - betina - lelaki - perempuan - abang - kakak - lembu jantan - lembu betina - harimau jantan - harimau betina - budak lelaki - budak perempuan - ayam jantan - ayam betina - hero - heroin - pelakun lelaki - pelakun wanita - pengantin laki-laki - pengantin perempuan - gurubesar laki-laki - gurubesar wanita - pengacara laki-laki - pengacara wanita - pelayan laki-laki - pelayan perempuan - pengurus (laki-laki) - pengurus (perempuan) - raja - permaisuri

kediaman
igloo - rumah orang Eskimo

caravan log cabin house monastery castle cottage temple cell prison camp barracks hive nest stable hole barn sty fold web

rumah orang Gypsy rumah pembalak rumah manusia rumah monk istana pondok kuil bilik dalam penjara penjara kawasan rumah tentera berek sarang lebah sarang burung kandang kuda lubang tikus sarang burung hantu kandang babi kandang kambing rumah labah-labah

...ly
Bermakna dengan : happy happily sad sadly proud proudly angry angrily slow slowly fast fastly - gembira - dengan gembiranya - sedih - dengan sedihnya - bangga - dengan bangganya - marah - dengan marahnya - perlahan - dengan perlahan - pantas - dengan pantasnya

Bermakna setiap : month monthly day daily year yearly - bulan - setiap bulan - hari - setiap hari - tahun - setiap tahun

Ringkasan
I'll Don't won't - I will - do not - would not

We'll They'll I'd They'd haven't hasn't wouldn't isn't it's he's she's we're

we will they will I would They would have not has not would not is not it is he is she is we are

Would have ...

She told me that she would have liked to come and see us. In your position, I would have done the same thing. If you had told me the truth, I would have believed you. If he had worked harder, he'd have received a better grade. If you had studied hard, you would have passed your exam. He told me that he would have liked to come to the USA with us. If he hadn't worked all day long, he would have been happy to go to the pictures with you.

Kalaulah ...
If If He If If If If If If If If I were Muriel, I'd never go back there. she were alone, I'd stop by to see her. acts as if he were crazy. I had enough money, I would buy a big house. she had time, she would visit you. John didn't know this beautiful girl, he wouldn't invite her out. they spent too much time on the beach, they would get sunburnt. Betty liked exotic food, she wouldn't eat at McDonald's every day. there was enough snow, you would go skiing. you travelled by bus, it would be cheaper. I had your address, I would send you a postcard.

Some
I have some friends. Would you like some bread? Could I have some water?

Asking questions
WHO WHAT WHICH Peter has broken the vase. Who has broken the vase? John took an orange. What did John take? Which colour do you want?

WHEN

I went to Spain in 1998. When did you go to Spain? WHY I am sad because my dog is ill. Why are you sad? WHAT... FOR I save money to buy a new car. What do you save money for? HOW I go to Belgium by car. How do you go to Belgium? HOW FAR I am 5 miles from Paris. How far are you from Paris? HOW LONG This movie lasts for 2 hours. How long does this movie last? HOW MUCH + singulier I want two bottles of milk. How much milk do you want? HOW MANY + pluriel I want three potatoes. How many potatoes do you want? HOW OFTEN I go to Spain twice a week. How often do you go to Spain? HOW OLD I am 24 years old. How old are you?

Agreeing or disagreeing
Stating an opinion In my opinion... The way I see it... If you want my honest opinion.... According to Lisa... As far as I'm concerned... If you ask me... Asking for an opinon What's your idea? What are your thoughts on all of this? How do you feel about that? Do you have anything to say about this? What do you think? Do you agree? Wouldn't you say? Expressing agreement I agree with you 100 percent. I couldn't agree with you more. That's so true. That's for sure. Tell me about it! You're absolutely right. Absolutely. That's exactly how I feel. Exactly. I'm afraid I agree with James. I have to side with Dad on this one. No doubt about it. Me neither.

I suppose so./I guess so. You have a point there. I was just going to say that. Expressing disagreement I don't think so. No way. I'm afraid I disagree. I totally disagree. I beg to differ. I'd say the exact opposite. Not necessarily. That's not always true. That's not always the case. No, I'm not so sure about that. Interruptions Can I add something here? Is it okay if I jump in for a second? If I might add something... Can I throw my two cents in? Sorry to interrupt, but... (after accidentally interrupting someone) Sorry, go ahead. OR Sorry, you were saying... You didn't let me finish. Settling an argument Let's just move on, shall we? Let's drop it. I think we're going to have to agree to disagree. Whatever you say. If you say so.

tall, taller, tallest

tall taller tallest big bigger biggest small smaller smallest long longer longest short shorter shortest - tinggi - lebih tinggi - paling tinggi - besar - lebih besar - paling besar - kecil - lebih kecil - paling kecil - panjang - lebih panjang - paling panjang - pendek - lebih pendek - paling pendek

good better best bad worse worst sharp sharper sharpest

- baik - lebih baik - paling baik - teruk - lebih teruk - paling teruk - tajam - lebih tajam - paling tajam

Greetings
Greetings - ucapan
Assalamualaikum - Assalamualaikum Hello - Hello Hi - Hai Good Morning - Selamat pagi Good Afternoon - Selamat tengahari Good Evening - Selamat petang Good Night - Selamat malam Good day Have a nice day - Semoga hari yang baik Have a nice sleep - semoga nyenyak tidur Have a pleasant journey - semoga perjalanan baik bye Goodbye - selamat tinggal Happy New Year - selamat tahun baru happy hariraya - selamat hariraya Good luck - semoga berjaya Congratulation - tahniah Well done - bagus Get well soon - semoga cepat sembuh How do you do - apa kabar How are you - apa kabar awak It is good to see you - bagus bertemu awak How are you doing - awak apa kabar What's up - ada apa What's new - apa yang baru See you later - jumpa lagi nanti see you soon - jumpa lagi tak lama lagi Happy birthday - selamat harijadi I'm fine, thanks saya baik, terima kasih Oh, fine - oh, baik Pleased to meet you - seronok bertemu awak it was nice to see you - selesa bertemu awak Good - bagus Not so good - tak berapa bagus so so - boleh lah OK -

contoh ayat
Sit - duduk

I am sitting He is sitting She is sitting They are sitting We are sitting I will sit He will sit She will sit They will sit We will sit I sat She sat He sat They sat We sat I have sat She has sat He has sat They have sat We have sat I had sat She had sat He had sat They had sat We had sat -

saya sedang duduk dia sedang duduk dia sedang duduk - mereka sedang duduk kami sedang duduk saya akan duduk dia akan duduk dia akan duduk mereka akan duduk kami akan duduk saya ada duduk (sekarang tidak lagi) dia ada duduk (sekarang tidak lagi) dia ada duduk (sekarang tidak lagi) mereka ada duduk (sekarang tidak lagi) kami ada duduk (sekarang tidak lagi) saya sudah duduk (sekarang masih lagi) dia sudah duduk (sekarang masih lagi) dia sudah duduk (sekarang masih lagi) mereka sudah duduk (sekarang masih lagi) kami sudah duduk (sekarang masih lagi) saya sudah duduk (sekarang tidak lagi) dia sudah duduk (sekarang tidak lagi) dia sudah duduk (sekarang tidak lagi) mereka sudah duduk (sekarang tidak lagi) kami sudah duduk (sekarang tidak lagi)

I was sitting - Saya sedang duduk (pada masa itu) She was sitting - Dia sedang duduk (pada masa itu) He was sitting - Dia sedang duduk (pada masa itu) They were sitting- Mereka sedang duduk (pada masa itu) We were sitting - Kami sedang duduk (pada masa itu) I have been sitting She has been sitting He has been sitting They have been sitting We have been sitting I had been sitting She had been sitting He had been sitting They had been sitting We had been sitting I was sat He was sat She was sat They were sat We were sat

Math
count match add minus deduct multiply divide compute kira padankan campur, tambah tolak, buang tolak, buang darab bahagi kira

Cuaca
panas hangat sejuk hujan gelap berangin redup hot warm, humid cold rainy dark windy cloudy

Musim-musim
musim musim musim musim musim panas sejuk luruh bunga - season summer, hot season winter spring autumm

tempat-tempat
aquarium bakery barracks cemetary cinema dock factory garage hangar hotel inn jail kindergarten laundry library market mosque museum nursery orchard orphanage quay restaurant reservoir theatre zoo akuarium tempat membuat kek berek perkuburan panggung wayang tempat kapal laut dibaiki kilang tempat menyimpan kenderaan tempat menyimpan kapalterbang hotel hotel kecil penjara pusat jagaan kanak-kanak tempat membasuh pakaian perpustakaan pasar masjid muzium tempat menyambah benih tumbuhan tempat menanam bunga-bunga rumah anak yatim tempat kapal berlabuh restoran kolam takungan air panggung zoo

bahagian-bahagian rumah
dapur ruang tamu ruang makan dinding kertas dinding lantai bilik tandas bilik tidur bilik mandi siling tingkap pintu gril tempat kereta papan batu-bata dinding bata rak kasut lampu kitchen dining room wall wallpaper floor room toilet bedroom bathroom ceiling window door grille garage brick brickwall shoe-rack light

as black as
as as as as as as as as as as as as black as coal hot as fire warm as his love cold as ice dark as night easy as ABC hard as iron light as cotton loud as thunder sharp as knife sweet as honey white as snow sehitam arang sepanas api sehangat kasihnya sesejuk ais segelap malam semudah ABC sekeras besi seringan kapas sekuat guruh setajam pisau semanis madu seputih salji

then, than
then than - kemudian, setelah itu, selepas itu - daripada - dia berjalan, kemudian dia berlari - Ali lebih rendah dari Din.

he walk, then he run

Ali is shorter than Din

simple past tense

Simple past tense ialah satu cara bagi menunjukkan bahawa satu keadaan telah berlaku dalam masa yang telah lalu.
sell sold - jual (sekarang) - jual (telah berlaku)

I sell this pen to you - saya jual pen ini kepada awak I sold this pen to him yesterday

- saya telah jual pen ini kepada dia semalam take took lose lost sleep slept hear heard go went steal stole give gave - ambil - telah mengambil - hilang - telah hilang - tidur - telah tidur - dengar - telah dengar - pergi - telah pergi - curi - telah curi - beri - telah beri

catch - tangkap caught - telah tangkap meet met find found come came - jumpa - telah jumpa - jumpa - telah jumpa - datang - telah datang

play - main played - telah main write wrote - tulis - telah tulis

Konsep 'tense' (telah / sedang / akan)

Dalam bahasa Inggeris terdapat konsep 'tense' dimana dengannya kita dapat mengetahui atau memberitahu melalui satu perkataan bahawa suatu perbuatan, aktibiti atau keadaan telah berlaku, sedang berlaku, akan berlaku atau sepatutnya berlaku. Contoh :
eat I eat rice I do not eat iron I ate I will eat I am eating makan saya makan nasi saya tidak makan besi saya sudah makan saya pasti akan makan saya sedang makan (sekarang)

I was eating I have eaten the fish I I I I I I

- saya sedang makan (ketika itu) - saya pernah makan ikan itu (dan mungkin makannya lagi) had eaten the fish - saya pernah makan ikan itu (dan tak akan makan lagi) had been eating - saya sedang makan (pada masa itu) will be eating - saya akan sedang makan (pada masa itu) will have eaten - saya akan sudah habis makan (pada masa itu) will have been eating - saya akan sudah makan should have been eating - saya sepatutnya sudah makan cakap saya cakap Inggeris saya tidak cakap bahasa Iban saya sudah cakap saya pasti akan cakap saya sedang bercakap (sekarang) saya sedang bercakap (ketika itu) saya pernah bercakap (dan mungkin bercakap lagi) had spoken - saya pernah bercakap (dan tak akan bercakap lagi) had been speaking - saya sedang bercakap (pada masa itu) will be speaking - saya akan sedang bercakap (pada masa itu) will have spoken - saya akan sudah habis bercakap (pada masa itu) will have been speaking - saya akan sudah bercakap -

speak I speak English I do not speak Iban I spoke I will speak I am speaking I was speaking I have spoken I I I I I

sama, lebih, paling

big as big as bigger than the biggest of dark as dark as darker than the darkest of besar sama besar seperti, sebesar lebih besar daripada yang paling besar diantara gelap sama gelap seperti, segelap lebih gelap daripada yang paling gelap diantara

Future Past Tense

Ini merujuk kepada satu peristiwa dimasa depan dan kepastian berlakunya adalah sangat tinggi. Ini digambarkan dengan penggunaan perkataan Shall atau Will. Kedua-dua perkataan bermakna Akan. Contoh :
I shall take a book - Saya akan mengambil sebuah buku.

She will give me a book - Dia akan memberi saya sebuah buku. He will draw a picture - Dia akan melukis satu gambar. They will fight - Mereka akan bergaduh. I shall hear the noise - Saya akan mendengar bunyi bising.

Ciri, sifat
Appearance adorable adventurous aggressive alert attractive average beautiful blue-eyed bloody blushing bright clean clear cloudy colorful crowded cute dark drab distinct dull elegant excited fancy filthy glamorous gleaming gorgeous graceful grotesque handsome homely light long magnificent misty motionless muddy old-fashioned plain poised precious quaint shiny smoggy sparkling spotless

stormy strange ugly ugliest unsightly unusual wide-eyed Condition alive annoying bad better beautiful brainy breakable busy careful cautious clever clumsy concerned crazy curious dead different difficult doubtful easy expensive famous fragile frail gifted helpful helpless horrible important impossible inexpensive innocent inquisitive modern mushy odd open outstanding poor powerful prickly puzzled real rich shy sleepy stupid

super talented tame tender tough uninterested vast wandering wild wrong Feelings angry annoyed anxious arrogant ashamed awful bad bewildered black blue bored clumsy combative condemned confused crazy, flipped-out creepy cruel dangerous defeated defiant depressed disgusted disturbed dizzy dull embarrassed envious evil fierce foolish frantic frightened grieving grumpy helpless homeless hungry hurt ill itchy jealous jittery lazy

lonely mysterious nasty naughty nervous nutty obnoxious outrageous panicky repulsive scary selfish sore tense terrible testy thoughtless tired troubled upset uptight weary wicked worried Feelings (Good) agreeable amused brave calm charming cheerful comfortable cooperative courageous delightful determined eager elated enchanting encouraging energetic enthusiastic excited exuberant fair faithful fantastic fine friendly funny gentle glorious good happy healthy

helpful hilarious jolly joyous kind lively lovely lucky nice obedient perfect pleasant proud relieved silly smiling splendid successful thankful thoughtful victorious vivacious witty wonderful zealous zany Shape broad chubby crooked curved deep flat high hollow low narrow round shallow skinny square steep straight wide Size big colossal fat gigantic great huge immense large

little mammoth massive miniature petite puny scrawny short small tall teeny teeny-tiny tiny Sound cooing deafening faint harsh high-pitched hissing hushed husky loud melodic moaning mute noisy purring quiet raspy resonant screeching shrill silent soft squealing thundering voiceless whispering Time ancient brief Early fast late long modern old old-fashioned quick rapid short slow

swift young Taste/Touch bitter delicious fresh juicy ripe rotten salty sour spicy stale sticky strong sweet tart tasteless tasty thirsty fluttering fuzzy greasy grubby hard hot icy loose melted nutritious plastic prickly rainy rough scattered shaggy shaky sharp shivering silky slimy slippery smooth soft solid steady sticky tender tight uneven weak wet wooden yummy

Touch boiling breezy broken bumpy chilly cold cool creepy crooked cuddly curly damaged damp dirty dry dusty filthy flaky fluffy freezing hot warm wet Quantity abundant empty few heavy light many numerous substantial

Conjunction (Penyambung ayat)

for and nor but or yet so after although as as if as long as as much as as soon as as though because

before by the time even if even though if in order that in case lest once only if provided that since so that than that though till unless until when whenever where wherever while

yang
Yang itu that one yang ini this one yang itu lah that is the one yang ini lah this is the one yang merah the red one yang bulat the round one yang ini kah ? is this the one ? yang itu kah ? is that the one ? yang mana ? which one ? yang mana satu ? which one ? yang merah kah ? is the red the one ?

arahan
Let's do it do it now just do it don't do it never do it please do it Marilah buat buat sekarang buat aje lah jangan buat jangan sekali-kali buat tolong buat