NiAl

NiAl
XRD SEM
. 72 NiAl
X 8/1nm .

) (Master Sintering Curves, MSC
. 1000C 900C 1400C
.
270kJ/mole MSC a = -25/962 b = 3/398 .
MSC NiAl
.
: .NiAl

.
3

NiAl ) (5/86g/cm ) (1911 K

1573 K .
NiAl ] .[1,2


] .[3,4
.
1 .
2 .

 ...

. NiAl
] [5 ] [5 ] [6 .
NiAl ].[7


.

.
NiAl
.
] MSC [8 (Combined Stage Sintering,
) CSS ] [9 . CSS .
MSC ) ( ) (
.
. MSC
.
NiAl MSC
. S
.
.

CSS ]:[8
)(1

1 d D0 1
Q
=
exp(
)
m
3 dt
RT
kG T

t k T
D0 G Q R m .
3 4 .
) (1
) ( ]:[10

Gm
0 3 d

)(2

1
D0

) (

) (
]:[10
1
Q
exp
dt
t0 T
RT
t

)(3

) (t , T

) (mean residual square, MRS ]:[11
)(4

/ avg 1) 2 / N ) d

( (
i =1

1
s 0

= MRS

N ave i N .
MSC . S
]:[11
)(5

1 s
a b )
s 0

1 0
) (ln a
1 + exp(
)
b

s = 0 +

( Ln ) Ln(

. -1/b a/b .
. :

99/5 % 450
1:20 60 32 10 5 72
. 13/6 .
1060MPa 12mm 2mm
.
.

.

 ...

15C/min . 900C 1000C

4 210 1 0/667 0/333 0 4 . 1400C 2
. ASTM
C20-87 .
SEM

X . X Cu k 0/05
1 sec/step 10 sec/step .
X mudmaster
.
.
 .

) (1 X 60 32 10 5
72 . 10
. 32 NiAl
. 60
NiAl .
) (100
.
. X mudmaster
NiAl 72 8/1 nm .
) (2 SEM 72 .
15m .

. 72 1/5
.
X 1000C 4 ) (3
. NiAl

-1
72-f 60 -e 32 -d 10-c 5-b 0-a
.

-2 SEM NiAl
72.

.
.
.
) (Q ) (MRS Q
) .(4 MRS Q = 270kJ/mole .
270 kJ/mole .

-3 X
4 .1000C

 ...

NiAl 305 kJ/mole

].[12
1 s
a b )) (5
s 0

( Ln Ln

) .(5 a b
-25/962 3/398 . a b o= 0/71
NiAl ) (5 MSC
:
)(6

1 0.71
)(ln + 25.962
1 + exp(
)
3.398

s = 0.71 +

-5 a. b
-4
.

) (6 MSC
MSC .
 .

X
) .(1
X .
.

. -
) ( z = 13 Ni-Al

-6 MSC .

) (z = 28 .
.

NiAl )Ni(Al
. NiAl -
. NiAl
].[13
NiAl
. ) (7 .

NiAl .
NiAl .






-7

NiAl Ti .
.

.

 ...

.6

NiAl .
NiAl
.
. NiAl
. NiAl
. .

270kJ/mole .
.
.7

.
XRD
XRD .
.8
1. T. Czeppe and S. Wierzbinski , Structure and Mechanical Properties of NiAl and
Ni3Al-based Alloys, International Journal of Mechanical Sciences, 42, 2000, 14991518.

2. V. K. Portnoy, A. M. Blinov, I. A. Tomilin, V. N. Kuznetsov and T. Kulik,

Formation of Nickel Aluminides by Mechanical Alloying and Thermodynamics of
Interaction, Journal of Alloys and Compounds, 336, 2002, 196-201.
3. V. Gauthier, F. Bernard, E. Gaffet, D. Vrel, M. Gailhanou and JP. Larpin,
Investigations of The Formation Mechanism of Nanostructured NbAl3 via MASHS
Reaction, Intermetallics 10, 2002, 377-389.
4. P. Grahle and E. Arzt, Microstructural Development in Dispersion Strengthened
NiAl Produced by Mechanical Alloying and Secondary Recrystallization, Acta
Materialia 45(1), 1997, 201-211.
5. S. G. Pyo, N. J. Kim and P. Nash, Transmission Electron Microscopy
Characterization of Mechanically Alloyed NiAl Powder and Hot-Pressed Product,
Materials Science and Engineering , A181-A182,1994,1169-1173.
6. G. R. Haff and E.M. Schulson, Recrystallization and Grain Growth in NiAl, Metall.
Trans., 13A, 1982, 1563-1566.

7. T. R. Smith, Synthesis and Mechanical Properties of Nano-Scale NiAl and

NiAl/Al2O3 Composites, Mater. Res. Soc. Symp. Proc., 350, 1994, 219-224.
8. H. Su and D. L. Johnson, Master Sintering Curve: A Practical Approach to
Sintering, Journal of American Ceramics Society, 79 (12), 1996, 3211-3217.
9. J. D. Hansen, R.P. Rusin, M. Teng and D.L. Johnson, Combined-Stage Sintering
Model, Journal of American Ceramics Society, 75 (5), 1992, 1129-1135.
10. P. Garg, S. J. Park and R. M. German, Effect of Die Compaction Pressure on
Densification Behavior of Molybdenum Powders, International Journal of Refractory
Metals & Hard Materials, 25, 2007, 1624.
11. D. C. Blaine, S. J. Park, P. Suri, and R. M. German, Application of Work-ofSintering Concepts in Powder Metals, Metallurgical and Materials Transactions, 37A,
2006, 2827-2835.
12. R. D. Noebe, R. R. Bowman and M. V. Nathal, Physical and Mechanical Properties
of The B2 Compound NiAl , International Materials Reviews, 38(4), 1993, 193-232.
13. M. M. Moshksar and M. Mirzaee, Formation of NiAl Intermetallic by Gradual and
Explosive Exothermic Reaction Mechanism During Ball Milling, Intermetallics, 12,
2004, 1361-1366.

...

Production of Nanocrystalline NiAl by Mechanical Alloying

and the Investigation of Densification Behavior of Resultant
Powder
A. Mashreghy1 , M.M. Moshksar2
alimashreghy@yahoo.com
moshksar@shirazu.ac.ir

Abstract
Nanocrystalline NiAl powder was produced by mechanical alloying of elemental powders
in a planetary ball mill. The produced powders were characterized by XRD and SEM.
After 72 hours of milling, the elemental powders were completely converted to
nanocrystalline NiAl with crystallite size of about 8.1 nm. The crystallite size was estimated
from X-Ray Diffraction pattern using mudmaster software. Then, the NiAl powders were
cold compacted to a disc with 12mm diameter and 2mm thickness . The green compacts
were sintered at 900C , 1000C and 1400C for different times. The densification behavior
of powders during sintering was studied by Master Sintering Curve (MSC) method based
on Combined Stage Sintering (CSS) model. The activation energy of densification during
sintering was estimated 270kJ/mole and the values of a and b in MSC equation were
calculated as a = -25.962 and b = 3.398 . The result of MSC was in a very good agreement
to that of experimental observations.
Keywords: Nanocrystalline powders, Master sintering curve, NiAl, Mechanical Alloying, Activation energy.

1- Ph.D. Student, Department of Materials Science and Engineering, School of Engineering, Shiraz University,
Shiraz, Iran.
2- Professor, Department of Materials Science and Engineering, School of Engineering, Shiraz University, Shiraz,
Iran.