(ra;a;h;a:=+l +.a;l+.

a;mxa;ta;m,a
(ra;a;va;ea;pa;de ;vea;na ;a;va:=+a;.ca;ta;m,a

April 15, 2004

Bopadeva with the

from two editions: The Harillamr.tam by Sr
Madhusudana Sarasvat edited with introduction by Parajuli
commentary of Sr
Pandit Devidatta Upadhyaya. (Benares: The Chowkhamba Sanskrit Series Office,
vopadevakr.ta srharilla srhemadrikr.ta-harillavivekakhyat.kaya
1933.) and Sr
sam
. valita. Edited by Nityasvarupa Brahmacarin. (British Library shelf mark:
San.H.4.)
1 Produced

Contents
1

:pra;Ta;ma;~k+:nDa;k+:Ta;a;sa;a:=H

;a;d;ta;a;ya;~k+:nDa;k+:Ta;a;sa;a:=H

txa;ta;a;ya;~k+:nDa;k+:Ta;a;sa;a:=H

. ca;tua;TRa;~k+:nDa;k+:Ta;a;sa;a:=H

:pa:*.a;ma;~k+:nDa;k+:Ta;a;sa;a:=H

10

:Sa;+~k+:nDa;k+:Ta;a;sa;a:=H

12

.sa;a;ma;~k+:nDa;k+:Ta;a;sa;a:=H

14

A;;ma;~k+:nDa;k+:Ta;a;sa;a:=H

16

na;va;ma;~k+:nDa;k+:Ta;a;sa;a:=H

18

10 d;Za;ma;~k+:nDa;#Ta;a;sa;a:=H

19

11 O;;k+:a;d;Za;~k+:nDa;k+:Ta;a;sa;a:=H

23
1

12 d;a;d;Za;~k+:nDa;k+:Ta;a;sa;a:=H

28

Chapter 1
:pra;Ta;ma;~k+:nDa;k+:Ta;a;sa;a:=H
(ra;a;ma;;
+a;ga;va;ta;~k+:nDa;a;Dya;a;ya;a;Ta;Ra;a;d ;a;na:ffi+.pya;tea
;a;va;du;Sa;a va;ea;pa;de ;vea;na ma;`/a:n:a;he ;ma;a;a;d+tua;;yea 1
A;a;na;nd;~ya h:=e+l +.Ra;l+.Ma va;+:a Ba;a;ga;va;ta;a;ga;maH
.~k+:nDEa;d;Ra;d;Za;a;BaH Za;a;Ka;aH :pra;ta;nva;n,a ;a;d:ja;sea;a;va;ta;aH 2
.sa;a . ca ;a;d;ta;a;ya;d;Za;mea d;Za;Da;a d;a;ZRa;ta;a ya;Ta;a
A:a .sa;ga;eRa ;a;va;sa;gRa;(a .~Ta;a;nMa :pa;ea;Sa;Na;mUa;ta;yaH 3
ma;nva;nta:=e+Za;a;nua;k+:Ta;a ;a;na:=+ea;Da;ea mua;a;+.=+a;(ra;yaH
.sa;ga;Ra;d;ya;~txa;ta;a;ya;a;a;d;~Ka;nde ;SUa;+:a d;Za k+:ma;a;t,a 4
(ra;ea;tua;vRa;u+:(a l+.[ma;a;d;ae ;a;d;ta;a;yea (ra;va;Nea ;a;va;a;DaH
I+.ta;a;dM d;a;d;Za;~k+:nDMa :pua:=+a;NMa d;Za;l+.[a;Na;m,a 5
:pra;Ta;meaY;;a;d;Za;a;Dya;a;ya;a;~ta:a :pra;k+.=+Na:a;ya;m,a
;a:a;a:a;d;a;d;Za;a;Ba;lR +.[ya;h ;a;na;ma;Dya;ea:a;ma;tva;taH 6
(ra;ea;ta;a:=H Za;Ea;na;k+:ea v.ya;a;saH :pa:=+a;a;[a;a;ea:a;ma;aH k+:ma;a;t,a
va;+:a:=+eaY;a;pa ta;Ta;a .saU ;ta;ea na;a:=+dH Zua;k I+.tya;ma;a 7

;vEa:=+a;gya;~ya :pra;k+:SeRa;Na :pra;k+:Sa;eRaY:a ;a;va;va;a;[a;taH

ta;+:[a;Na;pa:=H (ra;ea;tMua va;uM . ca;a;hR ;a;ta .saM ;a;h;ta;a;m,a 8
:pua:=+a;Nea;`/a;Sva;
a;ta;h;a;sEa;a;hR l+.[a;Na;a;a;d;a;na:ffi+.pa;Na;m,a
:vea;dH :pua:=+a;NMa k+:a;v.yMa . ca :pra;Bua;a;mRa:Ma ;a;pra;yea;va . ca
ba;ea;Da;ya;nta;a;a;ta ;a;h :pra;a;hu;`/a;~:
/ a;va;;
+a;ga;va;tMa :pua;naH 9
:pa:*.a :pra:(a;aH Za;Ea;na;k+:ysa .sUa;ta;~ya;a:a;ea:a:=M ;a:a;Sua 10
A;va;ta;a:=+pra:(a;ya;ea;(a v.ya;a;sa;~ya;a;a;na;vRxa;a;taH k+:ma;a;t,a
na;a:=+d;~ya;a:a :he;tUa;a;H :pra;ta;a;tya;Ta .~va:ja;n}.a . ca 11
+Ea;Nya;a;Ba;BBa;va;~ta;d;~:a;a;tpa;a;Nq+.va;a;va;na;m,a
.sua;a.*+;d
Ba;a;Sma;~ya .~va;pa;d;pra;a;a;aH kx+:SNa;~ya d;a:=+k+:a;ga;maH 12
(ra;ea;tuaH :pa:=+a;a;[a;ta;ea .ja;n}.a ;Dax ;ta:=+a;";~ya ;a;na;gRa;maH
kx+:SNa;ma;tyRa;tya;a;ga;sUa;.ca;a ta;taH :pa;a;TRa;ma;h;a;pa;TaH 13
BUa;Da;mRa;ya;eaH k+:le+.Ba;Ra;a;ta;~ta;ta;~:a;a;NMa :pa:=+a;a;[a;ta;a
:pa:=+a;a;[a;ta;ea b.ra;;Za;a;paH :pra;a;yea;Na Zua;k+:sa;*: +.maH 14
I+.tya;;a;d;Za;a;BaH :pa;a;dE :=+Dya;a;ya;a;Ta;RaH k+:ma;a;tsmxa;taH
.~va;pa:=+pra;a;ta;ba;nDa;ea;nMa .~.P+.a;tMa .=+a:$yMa .ja;h;Ea nxa;paH 15
I+.a;ta ;vEa:=+a;gya;d;a;Q.a;ea;+.a;Ea :pra;ea;+:a d+Ea;a;Na:ja;ya;a;d;yaH 16

(ra;a;Ba;a;ga;va;tea :pra;Ta;ma;~k+:nDaH .sa;ma;a;aH

Chapter 2
;a;d;ta;a;ya;~k+:nDa;k+:Ta;a;sa;a:=H
;a;d;ta;a;yea (ra;va;Na;a;*: +.a;a;na ;Dya;a;nMa (ra:;d ;a ;a;va;ma;ZRa;na;m,a
;a;d;a;d;Sa;a:*.+:dR;Za;a;Dya;a;yea ;Dya;a;nMa .sa;a;Da;a:=+Nea h:=eH
:de;he Y;sa;a;Da;a:=+Nea .ja;a;vEaH (ra:;d ;a (ra;ea;ta;a:= va;+:a:= 1
o+.tpa:a;Ea . ca;ea;pa;pa:a;Ea . ca ;a;va;ma;ZRa;~ta:a :de;h;ya;eaH
o+.tpa;a:a;`/a;~:
/ a;a;va;Da;a;d;a;~ya mUa;ta;Ra;mUa;tRa;a;va;Bea;d;taH 2
o+.pa;pa;a:a;`/a;~:
/ a;Da;a;[ea;pa;sa;ma;a;Da;a;na;pra;ya;ea:ja;nEaH
a;ya;a;Na;Ma d;Za;a;Ba;BeRa;dE ;a:=+tya;Dya;a;ya;a d;Za k+:ma;a;t,a 3

(ra;a;Ba;a;ga;va;tea ;a;d;ta;a;ya;~k+:nDaH .sa;ma;a;aH

Chapter 3
txa;ta;a;ya;~k+:nDa;k+:Ta;a;sa;a:=H
txa;ta;a;yea tua a;ya;`/a;~:
/ Ma;Za;d;Dya;a;ya;aH .sa;gRa;va;NRa;nea
.sa;gRaH k+:a:=+Na;sa;}BUa;a;ta;a;BRa;a;a .sa;a ya;ea;ga;sa;a;* +;a;ya;e
aH 1
;a;va;du:=+a;ya;ea;+:va;a;n,a ya;ea;gMa mEa:ea;ya;ea :de;va;hU;ta;yea
k+:a;pa;lH .sa;a;* +;a;
a;ma;tyea;ta;a;a;va;a;ta;h;a;sa;a;a;va;h;ea;a;d;ta;Ea 2
+:na;a;vMa;Za;a;ta:=+a;d;a;eaY:a . ca;tua;a;BRa;a;vRa;du:=+a;ga;maH
A;;a;BaH .sa;gRa;a;va;~ta;a:=H .sa;a;a;BaH k+:ea;q+.ta;a h:=eH 3
.sa;ga;Ra;Da;a:=+Da:=+ea:;d ;tRua;a;dR;ta;a;ya;~tua . ca;tua;dR ;Za
O;;ke+:na ta:a .sa;a:*: +.aH .sa;gRa;~ta;a;d;~ta:=+ea;+:yea 4
. ca;tua;a;BRaH k+:a;pa;l+.ea;tpa;a:a;nRa;va;a;BaH k+:a;pa;l+.ea;+:yaH
ba;nDua;a;BaH [a:ua:fl+:d;a;sa;~ta:;d ;teaH (rua;a;ta:fl+.;d ;va;a;t,a 5
kx+:SNa;a;va;ta;a:=+a;va;sa;tea;mERa:ea;ya;a;t~va;a;h;ta;~ya . ca
.sa:+;a;ya;ea;a;vMa;Za;tea:jRa;n}.a .sa;a;;
+v.yRa;a;H :pa:=+a;tma;naH 6
.sa;}ya;gbua:;d;a :pua;naH :pra:(aH .sa;d;a;+:a;tpa;+a:ja;ea;;
+vaH
:pa;+a:jea;na .~tua;a;ta;~ta;~ya .sa;ga;RaH k+:a;l+.ea;+:yea d;Za 7

k+:a;l+.Ma;Za;aH :pa:=+ma;a;Nva;a;d;a;a b.ra;;pua:a;sa;mua;;

+vaH
A;a;a;va;Ba;Ra;va;ea va:=+a;h;~ya ga;Ba;Ra;Da;a;nMa . ca ;dE ;tya;ya;eaH 8
Za;a;pa;ea mua;a;na;Bya;ea ;vEa;ku+:NFe ;a;va;SNUa;e+:Bya;~tva;nua;g{a;hH
;a;h:=+Nya;a;[a;~ya .sa;a;ma;Tya va:=+a;he ;Na . ca .sa;*: +=H 9
va;Da;(a :de;va;~ta;ea:ea;Sua k+:a:=+Na;ea;a;H .sa;ma;a;sa;taH
k+:dR;mea;na h:=e+~ta;ea;Sa;ea :de;va;hU;teaH k+.=+g{a;hH 10
ta;ya;ea;a;vRa;a;.ca:a;sa;}Ba;ea;ga;~ta;a;Bya;Ma k+:a;pa;l+ja;n}.a . ca
l+.[a;NMa Ba;ga;va;;
+e H .sa;a;tua;a;va;Za;tea;~ta;Ta;a 11
A;sa;tpua:fl+:Sa;ya;ea;(Ea;va :]a;a;na;ya;ea;ga;~ya . ca k+:maH
Ba;a;+:ya;ea;ga;~ya k+:a;l+.a:=eH :pa;a;pa;a:a;a;ma;~ya;Da;ea ga;a;taH 12
.=+a:ja;~ya;ntaH :pua;Nya;pa;a;pa;a;t,a .sa;a;`/a:/ va;k+.aU:;d . ca :pua;Nya;taH
:de;va;hU;a;ta;va;d;a;tma;a;a;a:=+Dya;a;ya;a;Ta;Ra I+.meaY;a;*:" +.a;BaH 13

(ra;a;Ba;a;ga;va;tea txa;ta;a;ya;~k+:nDaH .sa;ma;a;aH

Chapter 4
. ca;tua;TRa;~k+:nDa;k+:Ta;a;sa;a:=H
O;;k+:ea;na;a:Ma;Za;ta;aY;Dya;a;yEa;a;vRa;sa;gRa;~tua;yRa IR +.a:=+taH
;a;va;sa;gRaH k+:a;yRa;sa;}BUa;a;taH k+:a;ya bua:;d;a . ca;tua;a;vRa;Da;m,a 1
.~:a;a;ba;a;l+.pra;Ea;Q+vxa:;d ;tvEa;(a;tua;Spra;k+.=+Na;a kx+:ta;a
.sa;ta;a;Drua;va;pxa;Tua;pra;a;.ca;a;nea;a;ta;h;a;sEa;~ta;du;+:yea 2
.sa;a;a;Ba;(a . ca;tua;a;BRa;(a d;Za;a;Ba;(a;a;;a;Ba;~ta;Ta;a
ma;nua;k+:nya;aA;nva;yaH .sa;tyEa ;a;d;Sa;~ta;tpa;a;ta;ta;a;ta;ya;eaH 3
:pa;tya;a ;a;na;Sea;Da;nMa .sa;tya;a :de;h;tya;a;gaH ;a;pa;tua;mRa;Kea
ga;NEa;dR ;[a;ma;Ka;DvMa;sa;ea b.ra;;Na;a .fl+:d+sa;a;ntva;na;m,a 4
;a;va;SNua;na;a ya::]a;sMa;a;sa;a:;d ;DrRua;vea;Na;a:=+a;Da;nMa h:=eH
k+:a;ma;l+.a;Ba;ea ;Drua;va;~ya;aY;sma;a;d;a;[a;a;nta;a;d;a:=+NMa ma;na;eaH 5
;a;va;SNa;ea;DrRua;va;pa;d;pra;a;a;aH :pxa;Ta;vea :vea;na;sa;}Ba;vaH
:vea;na;ba;a;h;eaH :pxa;TUa;tpa;a:aH .sUa;ta;a;d;aEH .~ta;va;nMa :pxa;Ta;eaH 6
:pxa;Tua;na;a ;a;na;g{a;h;ea BUa;mea;~ta:a;u +gDa;~ya d;ea;h;na;m,a
.ja;ya;eaY:(;a;mea;Dea Za;k+:~ya .sa;a;[a;a;tk+:a:=+ea ma;Dua;a;d;SaH 7

.sa;Ba;a;ma;Dyea .~va;Da;ma;eRa;a;H ku+:ma;a:=e+ByaH :pa:=+a;tma;Da;aH

ta;Ta;a va;nea .~va;Da;ma;Ra;a;a;~ta;paH ;a;pa:ea :pra;.cea;ta;sa;a;m,a 8
;Dya;a;tma;ea;a;+:na;Ra:=+de ;na;a;smEa :pa;a;pa;a:;d R ;~ta;Ma ;a;va;na;a;tma;naH
k+:a;l+.a;a;Ba;BUa;a;ta;~ta;.cC+.e+:mRua;a;+:dR;nd;a;va;pa;yRa;yea 9
:pua:=;*+;na;a;
a;d;v.ya;a;K.ya;a;nMa ta;paH:a;sa;a:;d H :pra;.cea;ta;sa;a;m,a
d;[a;mua;tpa;a;d;a ;a;na;va;Ra;Na;ma;Dya;a;ya;a;TRa;~.pxa;Za;eaY;*:" +.yaH 10
o+.pa;k+:ma;ea;pa;sMa;h;a:=+Ea :pra;.cea;ta;ea;a;Ba;~ta;d;a;tma:jEaH
ta;Ta;a;pya;Dya;a;tma;pa;a:=+ea;[ya;a;.cC"E+.Ma :pra;a;.ca;a;na;ba;a;hR ;SaH 11
:pua;NyMa :pua:a;~ya ;a;pa;tua:=+pya;ntaHk+.=+Na;Zua:;d ;yea
Ba;vea;a;d;a;ta d;a;ea;ta;a;ya;tMua :pra;.cea;ta;ea;vxa:a;va;NRa;na;m,a 12

(ra;a;Ba;a;ga;va;tea . ca;tua;TRa;~k+:nDaH .sa;ma;a;aH

Chapter 5
:pa:*.a;ma;~k+:nDa;k+:Ta;a;sa;a:=H
:pa:*.a;mea .~Ta;a;na;ma;Dya;a;yEaH :Sa;a;qM +:Za;tya;a ;a;na:ffi+.a;pa;ta;m,a
ma;ya;Ra;d;a;pa;a;l+.nMa .~Ta;a;nMa ta;a;`/a;~ta;~
/ / :a ;ea l+.ea;k+:Bea;d;taH 1
l+.ea;k+:aH ;a;[a;a;ta;d;a;ERaH :pa;a;ta;a;lM ;a;pra;ya;v.ra;ta;ta;du;;
+vEaH
;a;[a;tea;d;Ra;pa;a;a;d;ma;ya;Ra;d;aH kx+:ta;aH :pra;a;+.a;d;nva;yaH 2
O;;vMa . ca :pa:*.a;d;Za;a;BaH :pa:*.a;a;Ba;(a ;a:a;a;Ba;`/a;~:
/ a;a;BaH
. ca;tuaHpra;k+.=+Na;a :pra;ea;+:aY;Dya;a;ya;a;Ta;Ra;n,a k+:ma;taH Zxa;Nua 3
;a;pra;ya;v.ra;ta;a;+;a ;a;Dra;na;a;a;Ba;Svea;kE+:k +.Sa;Bea a;yaH
.=+a:ja;ea;pa;de ;x;mua;+:tvEa;BRa:=+teaY;;Ea :pra;pa;Ea:a:jea 4
:pua;NyEa;Na;sa;*: +ja;q+.ta;a;a;Za;a;ba;k+:ea;a;Q+pra;k+:a;Za;nEaH
ta:va;a;K.ya;a;na;Ba;va;a:=+Nya;ta;d;a;a;K.ya;a;nEaH :pa:=+eaY;nva;yea 5
mea;a;vRa;l+.a;vxa;ta;Sa:*: +.a;d;va;SRa;d;a;pEa;(a :pa:*.a k+:Ea
;a;d;a;va k+:ma;a:+;a;yaH .sUa;yRa;Drua;va;sUa;ya;Ra;nta:=+Drua;vaH 6
:pa;a;ta;a;l+.Zea;Sa;na:=+kE+:~:a;ya;eaY;Da;ea;Bua;va;nea ma;ta;aH

10

(ra;a;Ba;a;ga;va;tea :pa:*.a;ma;~k+:nDaH .sa;ma;a;aH

11

Chapter 6
:Sa;+~k+:nDa;k+:Ta;a;sa;a:=H
:Sa; O;;k+:ea;na;a;vMa;Za;tya;a :pua;a;H .sa;a;nua;g{a;h;ea h:=eH
k+:mRa;Na;a yea;na .yEa;yRa:a .~Ta;a;ta;v.yMa .tea;na ta:a .tea 1
;a;ta;+nta;a;ta;a;h ma;ya;Ra;d;a;pa;a;l+.nMa .~Ta;a;na;ma;a;a:=+ta;m,a
kx+:teaY;a;pa :pa;a;ta;ke ya:a na :pa;a;taH :pra;tyua;ta;ea;a;a;taH 2
.sa;a;nua;g{a;h;eaY:ja;a;a;ma;l+.~ya Bua;va;a;nd+~ya ya;Ta;a ;a;d;a;va
;a:a;a;BaH :Sa;ea;q+.Za;a;Ba;(ea;nd+pa;a;pMa :Sa;;a;;ke ;a;d;ke 3
;a;va:(;a:ffi+.pa;~ya vxa:a;~ya ma:fl+:ta;Ma . ca va;Da;a;a:+;a;Da;a
d;[a;a;nva;ya;~ta;du;tpa:yEa ;vEa:(;a:ffi+.pea ;a:a;ke Y;a;g{a;mea
vxa:a;a;;ke . ca;tua;Ske Y;ntyea vxa:a;pra;a;`/a;#:
/ / / ca:a;ke+:tua;ta;a 4
A:ja;a;a;ma;l+.a;Ga;na;a;Za;ea;a;+:vERa;SNa;vEa;ya;Ra;}ya;a;na;g{a;hH
ya;mea;na .sa;a;ntva;nMa .tea;Sa;Ma d;[ea;Na;a:=+a;Da;nMa h:=eH 5
na;a:=+d;a;tpua:a;na;a;Za;eaY;~ya d;Ea;a;h:a;a;a;d:(;a:ffi+.pa;BUaH
ta;~ya :de;va;pua:=+ea;Da;~tvMa gua:fl+:tvMa ;a;va;SNua;va;mRa;a;Na 6

12

ta;d;Da;a;Ga;a;dx:a;Ba;yMa vxa:a;va;a;sa;va;sa;*: +=H

vax :a;Ba;a;+.:]a;Ra;na;Za;Ea;ya vxa:a;~ya ma:=+NMa .=+Nea 7
vxa:a;h;tya;a;pra;ta;a;k+:a:=+a;(a:a;ke+:ta;eaH .sua;ta;a;.cCu+..caH
ba;ea;Da;eaY;a;*: +=+ea;na;a:=+d;a;Bya;Ma ;a;va;d;a;a;l+.a;Ba;(a na;a:=+d;a;t,a 8
ga;Ea:=+a;Za;a;pa;a;a vax :a;tvMa ga;BeRa Za;k+:ma:fl+:a;;
+d;a
v.ra;tMa ;a;d;a;ta;kx+:tMa :pua:yMa :pra;tya;Dya;a;ya;a;ma;meaY;*:" +.yaH 9

(ra;a;Ba;a;ga;va;tea :Sa;+~k+:nDaH .sa;ma;a;aH

13

Chapter 7
.sa;a;ma;~k+:nDa;k+:Ta;a;sa;a:=H
.sa;a;mea :pa:*.a;d;Za;a;Ba:=+Dya;a;yEa:ffi+.a;ta;va;NRa;na;m,a
+:a;taH :pra;a;*: +:mRa:ja;a k+:ta;Ra Ba;ea;+:a;sma;a;tya;a;a;d;va;a;sa;na;a 1
.sa;a :pra;+:a;de ;a;ta;h;a;sea;na d;Za;a;Dya;a;yea;na d;a;ZRa;ta;a
.~va:ffi+.pa;taH k+:a:=+Na;taH :pa:*.a;a;Dya;a;yea;na k+:mRa;Na;a 2
:pra;+:a;d;~ya :pa:=+ea .=+a;ga;ea :de;SaH ;a;pa;txa;a;pa;txa;v.ya;ya;eaH
;a;va;SNa;Ea ta;ya;ea:=+a;va;Sa;yea k+:mRa;Na;eaY;sua:=+Ba;a;va;d;a;t,a 3
d+u;ma;a;ZMa ;a;va;h;ntMua ta;dE;ku+:NFe k+:l+.h;a;`/a;n}
/ / .a;TaH
. ca;tuaHsa;na;ea ;a;h :pra;+:a;d I+.ta:=+Ea ;a;va:ja;ya;ea .ja;yaH 4
:pra;a;a;*:+.Sk+:a;ma;sa;k+:a;ma;a;Bya;Ma Ba;a;+:Bya;Ma va;a;sa;na;a;d;ya;m,a
d;ya;ea:=+pyea;k+:P+.l+.ta;a k+:mRa;Na;ea Ba;ea;ga;taH [a;ya;a;t,a 5
ku+:ma;a;=E +d;RaH~Ta;ya;eaH Za;a;pa;ea ;a;h:=+Nya;k+:a;Za;pa;eaH Zua;.caH
b.ra;;Na;ea va:=+l+.a;Ba;(a :pra;+:a;d;~ya . ca .sa;}Ba;vaH 6
;a;pa:a;a :pa:=+a;[a;NMa ta;~ya ba;a;l+.a;na;Ma .tea;na ;a;Za;[a;Na;m,a
na;a:=+d;ea;+:a;nua;va;a;d;(a ;a;h:=+Nya;k+:a;Za;pa;ea;vRa;DaH 7

14

:pra;+:a;de ;na nxa;a;sMa;he ;l+.a ta;ta;eaY;~ya ;a;Za;va;va;d;a;ZaH

.sa;a;ma;a;nyea;na .sa;d;a;.ca;a:=+~ta;Ta;a ;a:a;Sva;a;(ra;mea;Sua . ca 8
:pa;a:=+v.ra;a:ja;k+:Da;ma;Ra;(a ma;ea;[a;Da;ma;Ra gxa;h;a;(ra;mea
(ra:;d ;a;d ;a;a;na mua;mua;[Ua;Na;Ma ya;a;va;d;Dya;a;ya;ma;*:" +.yaH 9

(ra;a;Ba;a;ga;va;tea .sa;a;ma;~k+:nDaH .sa;ma;a;aH

15

Chapter 8
A;;ma;~k+:nDa;k+:Ta;a;sa;a:=H
ma;nva;nta:=+a;TRa;ma;Dya;a;ya;a;~:a;ya;ea;a;vMa;Za;a;ta:=+;mea
ma;nva;nta:=+a;a;Na :pra;tyea;kM b.ra;;a;he ;Sua . ca;tua;dR ;Za 1
. ca;tva;a;ya;Ra;d;aeY:a tua;yRa;~TMa ;a:a;Sua na;a;gea;nd+ma;ea;[a;Na;m,a
:de :pa:*.a;meaY:a :Sa;+~TMa .sa;a;~va;mxa;ta;ma;nTa;na;m,a 2
a;ya;ea;d;ZeaY;;Ea na;va;sua .sa;a;mea ba;a;l+.ba;nDa;na;m,a
a;ya;ea;a;vMa;Zea ma;t~ya;k+:Ta;a :Sa;+sa;a;ma;sa;`/a;nDa;ga;a
/ 3
ma;nva;nta:=M .sa;ta;Ma ;Da;ma;eRa ma;nua;a;Ba;yRa;tpra;k+:a;Zya;tea
.sma:=+Na;a;.ca:=+Na;a;K.ya;a;nEaH .~vEaH .~vEaH .sa;a;SRa;a;Ba:=+nta:=e 4
;a;va;pa;d;a;a;tma;a;na;ma;a;Za;a;nea .sa;}.pa;d;a;a;TRa;Sua . ca;a;pRa;yea;t,a
o+.Ba;ya:a :pra;a;ta::]a;a;tMa ;a;na;vRa;he ;a;d;a;ta .sa ;a:a;Da;a 5
ga:jea;nd+ma;ea;[a;NeaY;}Ba;ea;a;Da;ma;nTa;nea ba;a;l+.ba;nDa;nea
.sa v.ya;+:~tMa Ja;Sa;ea :vea;a:a ta:va;ta;~tea;na ta;aH k+:Ta;aH 6
g{a;a;h;a;d ;nDa;ea h:=e+ma;eRa;[aH :pra;a;gia;n}.ea;a;ta ;a:a;k+:ea ga:jea
ma;nd:=+a;sa;ea ;a;va;Sa;g{a;a;sa;ea h:=eH .~:a;a;tvMa .sau :=e .sua;Da;a 7

16

.=+NaH .sua:=e .ja;yaH Za;}Ba;eaH .~:a;a;[ea;tTMa .sa;a;k+:eaY;NRa;vea

ba;le +jRa;ya;ea v.ar ;ta;ea ;a;d;tya;a h:=e;jRa;n}.a;a;a;TRa;ta;a ba;l+.Ea 8
ba;le +.a;dR ;tsa;a h:=e+vRxa;a:;d ;a;nRa;g{a;h;a;nua;g{a;h;Ea ba;le H
:pra;+:a;d;sUa;+:ya;(Ea;va;ma;Dya;a;ya;na;va;k+:ea ba;l+.aE 9

(ra;a;Ba;a;ga;va;tea A;;ma;~k+:nDaH .sa;ma;a;aH

17

Chapter 9
na;va;ma;~k+:nDa;k+:Ta;a;sa;a:=H
na;va;mea tua . ca;tua;a;va;Za;tya;Dya;a;ya;a;Za;a;nua;k+:a;tRa;na;m,a
IR +.Za;a BUa;pa;ta;ya;~ta:a .=+a;ma;kx+:SNa;a;d;yaH .~va;ya;m,a 1
I+.ta:=e ta;a;a;ya;ea;gea;na ta;tk+:Tea;Za;a;nua;k+:a;tRa;na;m,a
I+.l H :pxa;Sa;DraH Za;ya;Ra;a;ta:=+}ba:=+a;Sa;eaY:ja;a;va;pra;ya;eaH 2
ma;a;nd;a;ta;a . ca h;a:=+(a ;ndH .sa;ga:=+eaY;Ta Ba;ga;a:=+TaH
.=+a;ma;ea .=+a;";BrMa;Za;l+.a;Ba;Ea ku+:Za;eaY;Ta ;a;ma;a;Ta;le +(;a:=H 3
O;;l+.ea .=+a;ma;eaY:jRua;na;[a:a;va;Da;ya;eaH [a:a;vxa;;
+gaH
ya;ya;a;tea;BRua;a;+:mua;+.a;ea;(a :pUa:fl+:`a;~:
/ a;Sua ya;du;dR;ya;eaH 4
d;Ea;Sya;`/a;nta:
/ =+`/a;nta;B
/ a;a;Sma;a;Na;Ma :pra;a;Da;a;nya;a;dx;`/a;SNa;k
/ x +:SNa;ya;eaH
. ca;tua;a;va;Za;a;ta;a:=+tyea;tea .=+a:ja;a;na;eaY;Dya;a;ya;na;a;ya;k+:aH 5
.=+a;ma;Ea ya;ya;a;tya;}ba:=+a;Sa;Ea . ca;tva;a:=+eaY;;Ea ;a;h k+:mRa;a;BaH
a;ya;ea;d;ZEa;k+:a;d;Za;a;BaH k+:ma;a:a:a;a;kR+:sa;ea;ma:ja;aH 6

(ra;a;Ba;a;ga;va;tea na;va;ma;~k+:nDaH .sa;ma;a;aH

18

Chapter 10
d;Za;ma;~k+:nDa;k+:Ta;a;sa;a:=H
;a;na:=+ea;Da;ea d;Za;mea .~k+:nDea na;va;tya;Dya;a;ya IR +.a:=+taH
;a;na:=+ea;Da;ea na;a;ma .sxa;;a;na;Ma .sa;ma;a;h;a:=+(a;tua;a;vRa;DaH 1
.nEa;a;ma;a:a;kH :pra;a;kx+:a;ta;k+:ea b.ra;;Na;eaY;ntea ;a;d;na;a;yua;Sa;eaH
;a;na;tyaH :pra;a;ta;[a;NMa mua;a;+.=+a;tya;`/a;nta;k
/ I+.a;ta .smxa;taH 2
.nEa;a;ma;a:a;k+:ea ;a;na:=+ea;Da;eaY;nya;ea ;Da;mRa;gl+.a;a;na;a;na;a;ma;a:a;kH
BUa;a;ma;Ba;a:=+a;va;ta;a:=+a;K.ya;ea ya;d;Ta .ja;n}.a ma;a;pa;teaH 3
.sa O;;Sa d;Za;mea :pra;ea;+:ea mua;a;+.=e+k+:a;d;Zea ta;taH
a;ya;eaY;nyea d;a;d;Zea Zua:;d M ;a;na:ffi+.pa;a;ya;tua;ma;a;(ra;ya;m,a 4
ta;~ya;a;va;ta;a:=+aH k+:ta;Ra:=+ea h:=e+~tea;Sua ma;h:a;maH
kx+:SNa;a;va;ta;a:=+~ta;~ya;a;ta;(a;a:=+tMa d;Za;mea ma;ta;m,a 5
ga;ea;ku+:le ma;Tua:=+a;ya;Ma ta;+a:=+k+:a;ya;Ma kx+:tMa ;a:a;Da;a
. ca;tua;(a;tva;a;a:=M+a;Za;ta;ea;M .sa;a;a;Ba;~ta;tpa;=E H k+:ma;a;t,a 6
:pra;a;k+:fa;ba;a;ya;pa;Ea;ga;Nq+.kE+:Za;ea:=+pra;Ea;a;Q+Bea;d;taH
:pa:*.a;Da;a ga;ea;ku+:l+.kx+:tMa ta;a kM+:sa;va;Da;a;a;Ba;Da;m,a 7

19

. ca;tua;a;BRa;dR ;Za;a;BaH Za;kE H .sa;a;a;Ba;nRa;va;a;BaH k+:ma;a;t,a

kM+:sa;Ba;a;Ba;Ra;a;va;naH kx+:SNa;a;e +va;k+.a;Ma ta;~ya .sa;}Ba;vaH 8
.ja;ta;~ya ga;ea;ku+:l+.pra;a;a;a;a;nRa;d+ea;+:a;tkM+:sa;Ba;aH :pua;naH
v.ra:jea .ja;n}.a;ea;tsa;va;~ta;~ya .tea;na;a;Ta;ea :pUa;ta;na;a;va;DaH 9
A;na;~txa;Na;a;va:Ra;Ba;*: +.~ta;~ya na;a;ma;a;a;na . ca;a;pa;l+.m,a
d;a;ma;ea;d:=+tva;ma;f;nMa ya;ma;l+.a:jRua;na;Ba:*+;na;m,
a 10
va;Da;(a va;tsa;ba;k+:ya;ea;~ta;Ta;a;Ga;a;sua:=+Ba;ea;a;ga;naH
va;tsa;.ca;ea:=+b.ra;;ma;ea;h;ea b.ra;;Na;a .~ta;va;nMa h:=eH 11
.=+a;mea;Na ;Dea;nua;k+:va;DaH k+:a;a;l+.ya;~ya .~va;yMa d;maH
v.ra:ja;~ya .=+[a;NMa d;a;va;a;tpra;a;l+.}ba;ea h;a;l+.na;a va;DaH 12
=+dx;tua;a;(ra;ya;Ea
d;a;va;a;+ea:a;a;Na;mEa;Sa;a;ke :pra;a;vxa;*+.
ga;ea;pya;a;na;nd;ea :vea;Nua:=+va;a;d, ga;ea;pa;a;na;a;ma;`/a;}ba;k+:
/ a;.cRa;nea 13
ya:$va;pa;a;a;pra;sa;a;d;(a Ba;*: I+.nd+ma;Ka;~ya . ca
ga;ea;va;DRa;na;~ya;ea:;d :=+NMa ga;ea;pa;a;na;Ma :de;va;ta;a;ma;a;taH 14
kx+:SNa;a;a;Ba;Sea;k+:ea ga;ea;de ;vEa;vRa:fl+:Na;a;a;nd;ma;ea;[a;Na;m,a
.sa;}Ba;ea;ga;ea ;a;na;a;Za ga;ea;pa;a;a;Ba;a;vRa;pra;l+.}ba;ea l+.sa;d;nea 15
ga;ea;pa;a;a;va:=+h;ga;a;ta;a;a;na ta;a;a;BaH .sa:*+;pa;nM
a h:=eH

.=+a;sa;k+:a;q+.a . ca l+.a;l+.ta;a ma;ea;[a;ea ;a;va;d;a;a;Dra;ya;[a;ya;eaH 16

v.ra:ja;~Ta;ga;ea;a;pa;k+:a;ga;a;tMa h;teaY;a:=+e . ca kM+:sa;Ba;aH
:ke+:a;Za;v.ya;ea;ma;va;Da;(Ea;va;a;kU+.=+ya;a;nMa v.ra:jMa :pra;a;ta 17
ma;Tua:=+a;kx+:SNa;ya;a;nMa . ca;a;kU+.=e+Na;a;Zua h:=eH .~tua;a;taH
kx+:SNa;~ya ma;Tua:=+a;l+.ea;kH kM+:sa;ma;+.=+Na;ea;d;a;maH 18

20

kx+:SNea;na ma;+:h;na;nMa h;tea kM+:sea .sua:=+ea;tsa;vaH

. ca;tua;(a;tva;a;a:=M+Za;a;d;meaY;Dya;a;ya;aH kM+:sa;va;DeaY;a;*:" +.a;BaH 19
kx+:SNa;~ya ;a;va;d;a;ea;pa;a;d;a;na;mua:;d ;va;~ya v.ra:ja;a;ga;maH
A;a:(;a;a;sa;nMa . ca ga;ea;pa;a;na;Ma ku+:b.ia;a;kU+.=+a;pra;yMa h:=eH 20
.sa;*: +.eaY;kU+.=+~ya gua:fl+:a;Ba:jRa:=+a;sa;nDa;pa:=+a;Ba;vaH
ya;va;na;~ya va;Da;eaY;Dya;a;yEaH .sa;a;a;Ba;ma;Ra;Tua:=M ya;ZaH 21
kx+:SNeaY;a;Ba;l+.a;Sa;ea .fl+:`a;;Nya;a
//
.fl+:a;;N
`/ / a;a;h:=+NMa h:=eH
.fl+:`a;;Na;(
/ / a :pa:=+a;BUa;a;taH :pra;du;a;}:a;a;.cC+.}ba:=+[a;yaH 22
.~ya;ma;nta;k+:~ya;a;h:=+NMa .sa;tya;Ba;a;ma;a;sa;mua;d;hH
k+:a;a;l+.nd;a;a;a;d;a;va;va;a;h;(a Ba;Ea;mMa h;tva;a du+ma;a;&+.a;taH 23
.fl+:`a;;Nya;M
/ / a na;mRa .=+h;a;sa .fl+:a;nta;ea na;ua:fl+:d;he
ba;a;Nea;na ba;nDa;nMa na;ua;ba;Ra;Na;~ya h;a:=+Na;a .ja;yaH 24
nxa;ga;~ya .sa:=+f;tva;a;nta;ea h;a;l+.na;a ya;mua;na;a;a;Ba;d;a
k+:a;Za;a;Za;pa;Ea;Nq" +.k+:va;Da;ea .=+a;mea;Na ;a;d;a;va;d;[a;yaH 25
:pa:=+a;Ba;vaH ku+.ffi+.Na;Ma . ca h:=e+ga;Ra;hR ;~Tya;ma;;
u +ta;m,a
.ja:=+a;sa;nDa;va;Dea ma:n:a;ea yua;a;Da;a;;=+sa;ma;a;ga;maH 26
.ja:=+a;sa;nDa;va;Da;ea Ba;a;ma;a;a;+gia;ya;(a;a:jRua;na;a;a;d;a;BaH
;a;Za;Zua;pa;a;l+.va;Da;ea ya::]ea du;ya;eRa;Da;na;pa:=+a;Ba;vaH 27
.sa;a;va;~ya yua:;d M ya;du;a;BaH .sa;a;va;~ya h;a:=+Na;a va;DaH
d;nta;va;"+:~ya .sUa;ta;a;nta;ea va;va;l+.a;nta;(a .sa;a;a:=+Na;a 28
(ra;a;d;a;}:aH .sa;}.pa;d;;
u +ta;a
(ra;a;d;a;ma;kx+:SNa;sa:*+;paH

.sua;&+.tsa;*:H
ku+.fl+:[ea:ea kx+:SNa;ea;d;a;h;a;a;d;va;NRa;na;m,a 29

21

va;sua;de ;va;~ya ya::]a;(a max ;ta;pua:a;pra;d;ZRa;na;m,a

(rua;ta;de ;va;~ya . ca;a;a;ta;TyMa :vea;d;~tua;a;ta;a;na:ffi+.pa;Na;na;m,a 30
:de;va:a;ya;a;va;Ba;a;ga;(a ;a;d:ja;pua:a;a;&+.a;ta;~ta;Ta;a
kx+:SNa;k+:a;tyRua;pa;sMa;h;a:= I+.ta;a;dM d;a:=+k+:a;kx+:ta;m,a 31
+:na;.ca;tva;a;a:=M+a;Za;ta;ea;+:ma;Dya;a;yEaH :pa;a;d;va;a;NRa;tEaH

(ra;a;Ba;a;ga;va;tea d;Za;ma;~k+:nDaH .sa;ma;a;aH

22

Chapter 11
O;;k+:a;d;Za;~k+:nDa;k+:Ta;a;sa;a:=H
mua;a;+.=e+k+:a;d;Za;~k+:nDeaY;Dya;a;yEa;k+:a:Ma;Za;ta;ea;a;d;ta;a
ta:a k+:mRa: ]a;a;na;a;na;+a;Bea;d;a;tpra;k+.=+Na;d;ya;m,a 1
:pa:*.a;a;Dya;a;ya;a;~ta;ya;ea:=+a;d;aM ta:a;a;d;ae yua;ga;pa;t[a;yaH
;a;va;SNua;gua;ea ya;du;ku+:le ;a;va;pra;Za;a;pa;a;a;d:=++:yea 2
d;Ea . ca;tua;;ya;mea;k+:ea d;Ea :pra:(a;aH Zea;Sea;Sua .sa;ea:a:=+aH
:]a;a;tMua Ba;a;ga;va;ta;a;nDa;ma;Ra;n,a :pMua;sa;ea ma;a;ya;Ma ta;d;tya;ya;m,a 3
b.ra;;k+:ma;Ra;va;ta;a:=+a;a;l+.ma;Ba;+:a;a;Ma yua;ga;`/a;~Ta;
/ / a;ta;m,a
na;va :pra:(a;a;a;a;a;ma;(a;ke ta;a;na;a;.ca;K.yua;nRa;va;a;SRa;Ba;aH 4
.sa;vRa;k+:ma;Ra;pRa;NMa ;a;va;SNa;Ea .=+a;ga;de;Sa;a;va;va;a:jRa;ta;aH
;a;ma;Tya;a;TRa;d;ZRa;na;a;sa;a;+:a;vRa;pa;yRa;ya;a;va;ma;ZRa;na;m,a 5
.sa;vRa:a;a;nua;ga;tMa Zua:;d M :vea;d;ta:n:a;a;.cyua;ta;a;.cRa;na;m,a
:pua:fl+:Sa;a;a;d;va;pua;l +.Ra;l+.a k+:a;l+..ca;k+:pa;a:=+Bra;maH 6
;Dya;a;nMa ya;ea;ga;eaY;.cRa;nMa .~ta;ea:a;mua:a:=+a;a;Na na;va;a;a;*:" +.a;BaH
;Da;meRa Ba;a;ga;va;teaY;Bya;a;saH :pMua;a;Ba;Ba;Ra;ga;va;tEaH .sa;h 7

23

;a:ja;ta;ma;a;ya;~ya ;Da;a;ma .~va;ma;a:=+ea;QMu BUa;a;ma;k+:ea:a:=+a

ma;a;ya;a:ja;ya;eaY;Da:=+a Ba;a;+.:]a;Ra;nk+:mRa;sa;mua;a;ya;a;t,a 8
A;va;ta;a:=+k+:Ta;a;ta;eaY;taH k+:a;}ya;tya;a;gea;Za;k+:a;tRa;nea
I+.a;ta BUa;mea;(a;ta;sxa;a;Ba:=+Dya;a;ya;a;na;Ma . ca;tua;;ya;m,a 9
va;sua;de ;va;a;ya .ja;a;ya;ntea;ya;ea;pa;a;K.ya;a;na;a;ma;dM .ja;ga;Ea
mua;mua;[a;vea d;a:=+va;tya;Ma na;a:=+d;~ta;x+h;a;ga;taH 10
;a;va;SNa;ea:=+Bya;TRa;na;a :de;vEaH .~va;vRa;sea;tyua:;d ;vea;na . ca
.~va;Da;a;ma na;ya mea;tyUa;.cea :Sa;e .sMa;va;a;d;k+:a:=+Na;m,a 11
. ca;tua:;d ;Ra a;a;~ta;TEa;kM d;Ea d;a;vea;kM . cEa;k+:kM ;a;d;Da;a
d;Ea ;a;d;Da;a a;Ma;(a;tua:;d ER ;k+:mea;k+:mea;kM . ca .sa;ea:a:=+a;n,a 12
:pra:(a;a;n,a Zea;Sea;Sua ;a;h;tva;a;ntya;Ea ma;ma;a;hM ;l+.ya;d;ZRa;na;Ea
.sa;*: +.tya;a;ga o+.pa;a;ya;~ya .sa;tsa;*: +.a;sa;*: +.ya;eaH .sa;ta;a;m,a
Ba;e+.ja;Ra;va;~ya ;a;va;Sa;ya;a;sa;+:Ea dx;e Y;a;pa dU;Sa;Nea 13
:he;ta;ea;h;sa;sa;na;nd;a;a;d;sMa;va;a;d;~ya;ea:a;ma;~ya . ca
(rea;ya;ssua ;Dya;a;na;ya;ea;ga;~ya ;a;sa:;d ;a;na;Ma . ca ;a;va;BUa;a;ta;va;t,a 14
va;Na;Ra;(ra;ma;a;a;d;Da;mRa;~ya :]a;a;na;a;d ;a;na;Ma ya;ma;a;a;d;va;t,a
gua;Na;d;ea;Sa;a;pa;va;a;d;~ya ta:va;sa;* +;a;a;v.
/ / aH 15
ya;va;`/a;~Ta;te
[ea:a;[ea:a::]a;Bea;d;~ya :de;h;ya;ea;ga;a;va;ya;ea;ga;ya;eaH
A;a;Ba;ma;a;na;a;na;vxa:ea;(a ;a;k+:ya;a;ya;ea;ga;~ya .sMa;sxa;ta;Ea 16
A;a;Da;+a;na;~ya Ba;e+:(a :pa:=+~ya;aH .sa;}bua;Bua;tsa;ya;a
:pra:(a;a;nd;a;a;vMa;Za;a;tMa . ca;ke kx+:SNMa :pra;tyua:;d ;vaH k+:ma;a;t,a 17
:he;ya;ea;pa;a;de ;ya;a;na;Da;Ra:=H .~va;a;pae .sua;a;pra;bua:;d ;va;t,a
;a;ma;TaH kx+:SNa;k+:Ta;a;sa;+:aH :prea;}:aE;va h;a:=+d;a;~ta;a 18

24

.~va;sxa;;a;nua;pra;a;va;;eaY;sa;Ea .=;jaHsa;`/a;mma;(r
/ / / a;sa:va;ta;a
gua;Na;a;.ca:a;ea;Ba;ya;tya;a;ga;ea Ba;a;+.=+v.ya;a;Ba;.ca;a:=+taH 19
A:ffi+.pa;a;.ca;nta;nMa .ffi+.pEa;Dya;Ra;txa;Dyea;ya;sa;ma;a;na;ta;a
ta:a ta:a;ea;tk+:fM .sa:vMa k+:mRa;tya;a;gaH Za;nEaHZa;nEaH 20
:de :he;yea :de o+.pa;a;de ;yea gua;Na;d;ea;Sa;a;va;a;Ba;a;;
+d;Ea
k+:mRa;a;Na :]a;a;na;Ba;+.a;ea;nRa .sa;a .sa;a .sa;* +;a;a;pr
a;k+:pa;na;a;t,a 21
.~va;taH ;a;sa:;d H :pua;ma;a;a;a;nya;n}.a;na;ea;ga:n:a;a;Ba;ma;a;nya:jaH
ma;naHZa:ua:ja;yaH .sa;}ya;k, :pra;a;ta;ma;a;a;d;Sva:ja;a;.cRa;na;m,a 22
:pua;ma;a;npra;kx+:tya;ea;pa;gUa;Q+ea ;a;va:(;a;mUa;ta;Ra;Za;pUa:ja;na;m,a
:pa;a;dE ;d;Ra;a;vMa;Za;a;ta;a;vRa;SNa;ea:fl+.a:=+a;Nyua:;d ;vMa :pra;a;ta 23
gua:fl+:a;BaH :pa:*.a;a;vMa;Za;tya;a l+.ea;k+:ta:va;pa:=+a;[a;Nea
h ;a;na;ma;Dya;ea:a;mEa:=+;na;va;a;;a;a;Ba;`/a;~:
/ a;DEa;k+:Da;a 24
A;a;tma;ta:va;pa:=+a;[a;a;ya;Ma . ca;tua;DeRa;tya;a;d;a;mua:a:=+m,a
+.Nya;nxa;Nya;a;(ra;ma;d;nd;Bea;de ;na d;a;d;ZMa ;a;d;Da;a 25
v.ya;va;~Tea;a;ta ta;Ta;a :vea;d;eaY;pa;a;a;ta;pa:*.a;d;ZMa ;a;d;Da;a
gua;Na;l+.[yEa;l+.ga;a;ta;ya;eaH 26
;a;Ba;[ua;ga;a;ta;~ya .sa;a;* +;a;~ya

o+.+.a;ea;M ma;na;sa;eaY;a:=+tvMa ba;lM Bea;d;ea .=+Nea .ja;yaH

+:na;a;vMa;ZMa . ca;tua;DERa;va . ca;tua;a;BRa;d;Ra;d;Za;ea:a;=E H 27
:pa:*.a d;a;d;Za;a;BaH :Sa;a:*.H
:Sa;f, a;ya;ea;a;vMa;Za;a;ta;~ta;taH
;a;naHsa;*: +.tvea gua;Na;tya;a;gea Ba;a;+:d;a;Q.aeRY;pa;k+:mRa;a;Na 28
ta:va::]a;a;nea . ca;ea;pa;ya;ea;ga;a;a:+;a;a;d;a;d;a;d;a:a;mea;l+.na;m,a
ta:;d e ;tua;Sva;a;pa ;a;na;Sk+:}.pa;ea ;a;naHsa;*: +.eaY;.cCe +.d;le +.pa;kH 29

25

;a;va;Za;ea;Da;k+:ea ma;l+.tya;a;ga;a tya;+:ea ;a;va;a;k+:ya;ya;aY;a;Ba;dH 30

;a;naH=+:ea;h;ea ;a;d;;Bua;*:, +.Sa;ea;Ba;h ;a;na;ea .ffi+.pa;a;pra;l+.ea;a;Ba;taH
.sa;a:=+g{a;a;h:a;~.pa;ZRa;mUa;Q+ea ;a;na;l+.eRa;Ba;ea ga;a;tya;va;a:*.a;taH 31
.=+sa;a;mUa;Q+ea ;a;va;mua;+:a;Za;ea :pa;a:=+g{a;a;h:a;a;Ba;ma;a;na;mua;k,
O;;k O;;k+:ma;na;a gua;a;a;sa:;d ;Ea;k+:a ;Dxa;ta;a;na;(a;yaH 32
IR +.Za;~yEa;k+:~ya k+:tRxa;tvea ;Dya;a;tua;DyeRa;ya;a;tma;na;a ;`/a;~Ta;ta;E
/ / a
:de;h;a;~va;tvea . ca :pua:fl+:SaH ;a;k+:ya;tea gua:fl+:a;BaH k+:ma;a;t,a 33
a;nd+ma;a .=+a;vaH
:pxa;a;Ta;va;a va;a;yua:=+a;k+:a;Za;ma;a;pa;eaY;a;+;a;(

k+:pa;ea;ta;eaY:ja;ga:=H ;a;sa;nDuaH :pa;ta;*: +.ea ma;Dua;kx+:;jaH 34

ma;Dua;h;a h;a:=+Na;ea ma;a;naH ;a;pa;*: +.l+.a ku+.=;=+eaY;BRa;kH
ku+:ma;a:=+a Za:=+kx+:tsa;pRa +:NRa;na;a;a;BaH .sua;pea;Za;kx+:t,a 35
O;;tea mea gua:=+va;ea .=+a:jMa;(a ;tua;a;va;Za;a;ta:=+a;a;(ra;ta;aH
o+.pa;a;ya;tveaY;nta:=+*: +.a;~tea k+:ma;a;a:+;a;~k+:nDa;ta;a ta;taH 36
:de;h;~ya :pxa;Ta;gua;e +ZaH (rEa;.a;aA;ea;a;d;+ta;a;kx+:ta;a;t,a 37
.~va;ea:a:=+a;tpxa;Ta;gua;a;+;Ea ;a;d;ta;a;yEa;k+:ea;na;a;vMa;Za;k+:Ea
:pra;a;gua:a:=e+Na;a;a;pa ya;ea;ga;a;ma;h ba;ea;Da;a;ya;tMua ta;ya;eaH 38
:pra;Ta;maH :pa:*.a;maH :Sa;+ea d;Za;ma;eaY;Ta a;ya;ea;d;ZaH
O;;k+:a;vMa;Za I+.a;ta :pra:(a;aH :Sa;qu +.tTa;a;pa;na;pUa;vRa;k+:aH 39
;a;naHsa;*: +.ta;a k+:TMa k+:a;dx;k, ta;a;a;va;Ra;h;(a .yEa;yRa;Ta;a
Ba;e+:ya;eRa ;a;va;Sa;ya;~ta;`/a;sma;nsa;tya;nya;`/
/ / /
a;sma;n,
/ / / a .=+a;taH k+:Ta;m,a 40
.sa;a k+:TMa Ba;a;+:tua;yMa ;a;kM k+:TMa Ba;a;+:gRua;Na;ea;`/a;jJa;te
/ / / / a
.yEa;yERaH k+:a;ma;a;TRa;Da;meRa;Sua .yaE ;ma;eRa;[eaY;nta;bRa;a;h;BRa;vEaH 41

26

.tea k+:a;dx;Za;aH (rua;a;ta;BRa;a;+:pa:=+a . ca .smxa;ta;yaH k+:Ta;m,a

k+:a;dx;gBa;H k+:TMa d;Ea;~Tya;ma;a;Ba;ma;a;na;[a;yaH k+:Ta;m,a 42
;a;kM k+:mRa: ]a;a;na;Ba;+:a;na;Ma .sUa;a;.ca;ta;a;na;Ma :pua;naH :pua;naH
.sa;va;eRa;pa;de ;Za;sa;a:=+a;Na;Ma .~va:ffi+.pa;a;ma;a;ta .sa;*: +.a;taH 43

(ra;a;Ba;a;ga;va;tea O;;k+:a;d;Za;~k+:nDaH .sa;ma;a;aH

27

Chapter 12
d;a;d;Za;~k+:nDa;k+:Ta;a;sa;a:=H
A;a;(ra;ya;ea d;a;d;Za;~k+:nDea a;ya;ea;d;Za;a;Ba:=+a;a:=+taH
A;a;(ra;ya;(a :pa:=M b.ra; :pa:=+ma;a;tma;a .=+ma;a;pa;a;taH 1
ya;taH :pra;pa:*.a;Da;a;~ta:a .sa;peRa .~:a ;gDa;a;a:=+va;a;a;(ra;ta;a
o+.pa;a;de ;ya;a;nua;pa;a;de ;ya;a;va;a;(ra;ya;a;(ra;a;ya;Na;Ea . ca ta;Ea 2
A;ta;(a;tua;a;BRa:=+Dya;a;yEa:=+nua;pa;a;de ;ya;ta;ea;a;d;ta;a
o+a:=+ea:a:=+duH~Ta;tva;a;t~Ta;a;pa;k+:a;na;Ma ;`/a;~Ta;te
/ / a:=+a;pa 3
yua;gea yua;geaY;nya;Ta;a;Ba;a;va;a;tk+:a;l+.g{a;~ta;ta;ya;a ta;Ta;a
o+.pa;a;de ;ya;tva;mea;ke+:na :pa:=+a;a;[a;tP+.l+.d;ZRa;na;a;t,a 4
(ra;va;NMa ma;na;nMa ;Dya;a;nMa . cea;tyua;pa;a;d;a;na;he ;ta;vaH
ta:a (ra;va;Na;a;sa:;d;a;Ta d;a;Bya;Ma Za;b.d;~ya .sa;}Ba;vaH 5
:vea;d;ea;pa;vea;d;a;Ba;a;~ya ma;a;kR+:Nqe +.ya;k+:Ta;a ;a:a;a;BaH
;a;va;SNua;ma;a;ya;a;a;Za;vea;[a;a;a;Ba;a;BRa;a;a ma;na;na;a;sa:;d ;yea 6
mUa;teRa;~ta:vMa .sUa;yRa;ga;tva;mea;ke+:na :]a;a;na;a;sa:;d ;yea
:pua:=+a;Na;a;Ta;eRa;pa;sMa;h;a:= O;;ke+:nEa;ke+:na ta;a;;
+d;a 7

28

A;;a;d;Za d;Za ;a:Ma;Za;t,a ya;a;Da;k+:a na;va;a;vMa;Za;a;taH

:Sa;a;qM +:Za;a;ta;dR ;Za na;va;pa:*.a;a;Ba;a;va;Za;a;ta;`/a;~:
/ a;a;BaH 8
. ca;tua;a;BRa;(a;a;Ta na;va;a;ta;=e +k+:a:Ma;Za:+;a;ya;ea;d;Za
I+.a;ta Ba;a;ga;va;teaY;Dya;a;ya;a O;;k+:a:Ma;Za;.cC+.ta:a;ya;m,a 9
O;;k+:a;a;d;a;na;ya;mea;nEa;ta;a;na;Bya;sea;.cC+.a;+:ta;eaY;nva;h;m,a
va;+:a (ra;ea;ta;yRa;Ta (ra;ea;ta;a va;+:yRa;nya:a ;a;.ca;nta;kH 10
Za;a;~:ea .~k+:nDea :pra;k+.=+NeaY;Dya;a;yea va;a;k+.ae :pa;de Y;[a:=e
gua:ffi+.pa;a;d;;ea ya;eaY;TRa;~tMa ;a;va;mxa;Za;`/a;nva;SNu
/ a;ta;tpa:=H 11
O;;kM .tea:ja;`/a;~:
/ a;Da;a ya;d;tsUa;yRa;ma;Nq+.l+=+`/a;Zma;
/ / / a;BaH
O;;kM b.ar ; ta;Ta;a ta;d;a;d;SNua;ma;a;ya;a;tma;a;Ba;mRa;ta;m,a 12
ma;Nq+.l+.a;a;a;gRa;tea .sUa;yeRaY;nea;k+:tvMa .=+`/a;Zma;ta;a
/ / / ya;Ta;a
ma;a;ya;a;ya;a ;a;na;gRa;tea ;a;va;SNa;Ea ta;Ta;aY;nea;k+:tva;ma;a;tma;ta;a 13
ya;Ta;a na;ya;na;sa;}ba;nDa;a;" +;a:=+ea .=+Zma;ya;ea .=+veaH
ta;Ta;a :]a;a;ta;a:= A;a;tma;a;na;ea :de;h;sa;}ba;nDa;ta;ea h:=eH 14
;a;va;Zea;Sa;~tua ya;Ta;a;tma;a;na;(ea;ta;na;tva;a;du;pa;a;sa;tea
;a;va;SNMua ma;a;ya;a;nta:=+pra;a;a;du:=+va;~Ta;a;a;na;vxa:a;yea 15
o+.pa;a;sa;nMa k+:mRa;Ba;a;+.:]a;a;na;ya;ea;gEa;`/a;~:
/ a;Da;a k+:ma;a;t,a
yea;Sa;Ma ;Da;a;a;vRa;Sa;yeaY;d;ea;Sa;a .sa;d;ea;Sa;a .nEa;va :tEaH kx+:ta;m,a 16
k+:ma;Ra;pRa;NMa ;a;va;SNa;Ea ;a;va;SNa;ea;va;Ra;ta;Ra :pa:=+~.pa:=+m,a
;a;va:ja;nea ;a;.ca;nta;nMa ;a;va;SNa;ea;ya;eRa;ga;a;na;Ma l+.[a;NMa k+:ma;a;t,a 17
I+.a;ta Ba;a;ga;va;ta;~ya;a;nua;k+:ma;Na;a .=+ma;Na;a kx+:ta;a
;a;va;du;Sa;a va;ea;pa;de ;vea;na ;a;va;d;tke+:Za;va;sUa;nua;na;a 18

29

h;a:=+l +.a;le +.a;ta na;a;mea;yMa h;a:=+Ba;E+:a;vRa;l+.ea;k+.a;ta;a;m,a

A;~ya;a ;a;va;l+.ea;k+:na;a;de ;va h:=+Ea Ba;a;+:a;vRa;va;DRa;tea 19

I+.a;ta
(ra;a;Ba;a;ga;va;tea ma;h;a;pua:=+a;Nea va;ea;pa;de ;va;a;va:=+a;.ca;ta;a
h;a:=+l +.a;l+.a;nua;k+:ma;Na;a .sa;ma;a;a;a

30