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Detty Machine Design
Detty Machine Design
Detty Machine Design
Lecture 3
Tensile Properties
z
Tensile Test
= 50 mm = 12.5 mm
Tensile Test
z
Stress-Strain Curve
Engineering Stress = Applied Load / Original A Engineering Strain = L / Original L For Soft & Ductile Materials Not Easy to determine point of Yielding. Point obtained by 0.2% offset Necking starts after UTS
Youngs Modulus = Stress / Strain (Modulus of Elasticity)
Ductility
z
Extent of Plastic deformation material undergoes before Fracture. Measurement z Total Elongation of specimen z Reduction of Area
z z
Engineering Stress based on Original Cross section Area Instantaneous A changes with Elongation Engg. Stress Not represent Actual Stress
Material Types
z z z
Perfectly elastic Elastic and perfectly plastic Elastic and Plastic with strain hardening
Resilience: Amount of energy stored in material up to elastic limit per unit volume Toughness: Amount of energy stored in material up to fracture per unit volume
Hardness
z
Good hardness generally mean that the material is resistant to scratching and wear. It is also an indication of strength.
Not a fundamental property as the resistance to indentation depends on the shape of the indenter and on the load applied. Hardness Tests
z
z z z
z z z z z
Ductility: Extent to which material can sustain plastic deformation before rupture. Gold is most ductile material. Brittleness: undergoes a very little plastics deformation before rupture. Malleability: Ability to be flattened into thin sheets without cracking. Stiffness: Ability of material to resist deformation. Poissons ratio: ratio of lateral to longitudinal strain. Impact strength
Surface Roughness
Center-line average value (Ra) Root-mean-square-average value (Rq) Peak to valley height (Ry)
Surface Roughness
Lay Pattern