Lecture 14: Double-Stub Tuning

Why we use double-stub tuning? The single-stub tuner has one limitation: it must be placed at the proper distance from the load, which is a variable that is difficult to adjust in practice. The double-stub tuner uses two tuning stubs, partially removes the requirement for variable distance from the load, and is widely used in laboratory practice as a single frequency matching device.

Double-stub tuning
Original circuit with the load an arbitrary distance from the first stub

Equivalent circuit with load at the first stub. Shunt are easiest to implement in practice.
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Smith Chart Solution for finding the matching parameters: d, l1, and l2.
Step 1: Draw the normalized load impedance yL in the Smith Chart. Step 2: Taking into account the effect of the transmission line d between two stubs --rotated 1+jb circle Step 3: Design l1 so that yL moves to y1 (or y1 for solution 2).

Step 4: the transmission line between l1 and l2 will rotate back to the original 1+jb circle. And y1 (or y1 ) rotates to y2 (or y2 ) Step 5: Design l2 so that the susceptance is cancelled out and impedance is matched to the line (origin in the Smith Chart). Notes: 1. If the load admittance is located inside the shaded area (forbidden area), it simply cannot be matched by the doublestub tuning. How to shrink the forbidden area? 2. In practice, stub spacings are usually chosen as /8 or 3/8.

ELEC344, Kevin Chen, HKUST

ELEC344, Kevin Chen, HKUST

Example 5.4 on Page 267 of Pozar Match a load impedance ZL = 60 - j 80 to a 50 line using a double-stub tuner. The stubs are shortcircuited are spaced 8/ apart. The match frequency is 2 GHz. Solution: 1.
y L = 0.3 + j 0.4

Solution (cont.) 3. Find the susceptance of the first stub,

b1 = 1.314

5. Then the susceptance of the second stub should be

b2 = 3.38

or b1 = 0.114 4. Rotate the 1+jb circle to the original location, and have
'

or

' b2 = 1.38

6. The lengths of the short-circuited stubs are

l1 = 0.396 l2 = 0.454
' l2 = 0.100

y2 = 1 j 3.38

2. Construct the rotated 1+jb circle.

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or

' y2 = 1 + j1.38

or l = 0.232
' 1

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Solution 1 has a much narrower bandwidth than solution 2 Read page 270271 of Pozar for analytic solution.
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