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    Raquel Aragon Mien
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    1) Atoms are the building blocks of matter and consist of protons, neutrons, and electrons. Protons are positively charged, electrons are negatively charged, and neutrons have no charge. 2) Materials are classified as conductors, insulators or semiconductors based on their valence electrons. Conductors have 1-2 valence electrons and allow easy current flow. Insulators have 7-8 valence electrons and resist current flow. Semiconductors have 4 valence electrons. 3) Electricity can be produced through different methods including magnetism in generators, chemical reactions in batteries, pressure in piezoelectric sensors, heat in thermoelectric devices, friction in static electricity, and light in

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    1) Atoms are the building blocks of matter and consist of protons, neutrons, and electrons. Protons are positively charged, electrons are negatively charged, and neutrons have no charge. 2) Materials are classified as conductors, insulators or semiconductors based on their valence electrons. Conductors have 1-2 valence electrons and allow easy current flow. Insulators have 7-8 valence electrons and resist current flow. Semiconductors have 4 valence electrons. 3) Electricity can be produced through different methods including magnetism in generators, chemical reactions in batteries, pressure in piezoelectric sensors, heat in thermoelectric devices, friction in static electricity, and light in

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    23 views25 pages

    Basic Electricity

    Uploaded by

    Raquel Aragon Mien
    1) Atoms are the building blocks of matter and consist of protons, neutrons, and electrons. Protons are positively charged, electrons are negatively charged, and neutrons have no charge. 2) Materials are classified as conductors, insulators or semiconductors based on their valence electrons. Conductors have 1-2 valence electrons and allow easy current flow. Insulators have 7-8 valence electrons and resist current flow. Semiconductors have 4 valence electrons. 3) Electricity can be produced through different methods including magnetism in generators, chemical reactions in batteries, pressure in piezoelectric sensors, heat in thermoelectric devices, friction in static electricity, and light in

    Copyright:

    Attribution Non-Commercial (BY-NC)
    Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
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    of 25

    BASIC ELECTRICITY

    CHAPTER 1 ATOMIC STRUCTURE

    TERMS TO KNOW

    ALTERNATING CURRENT(AC) ATOM ATTRACTION CENTRIFUGAL FORCE CONDUCTORS DIRECT CURRENT (DC) ELECTRON ELECTRON ORBITS

    INSULATORS MATTER NEGATIVE NEUTRON NUCLEUS POSITIVE PROTON SEMICONDUCTORS VALENCE ELECTRONS

    HISTORY OF ELECTRICITY

    GREEKS DISCOVERED 2500 YEARS AGO USED PRACTICALLY ABOUT 100 YEARS AMBER BECAME CHARGED WHEN RUBBED WITH OTHER MATERIALS: ATTRACTED THINGS LIKE LEAVES, FEATHERS, BITS OF CLOTH THE WORD ELECTRIC COMES FROM THE WORD ELEKTRON

    LIST A: POSITIVE
    LIST B: NEGATIVE

    STUDY OF ATOMS

    ATOM IS THE BUILDING BLOCK OF UNIVERSE ALL MATTER IS MADE FROM A COMBINATION OF ATOMS MATTER IS ANY SUBSTANCE THAT HAS MASS AND TAKES UP SPACE MATTER CAN EXIST IN THREE FORMS: SOLID, LIQUID, OR GAS ELEMENT: CANT BE DIVIDED INTO A SIMPLER SUBSTANCE

    STUDY OF ATOMS

    THREE STATES OF WATER

    THREE PARTS OF AN ATOM: 1.ELECTRON

    2. PROTON 3.NEUTRON
    NUCLEUS: PROTON AND NEUTRON NOTICE THE CHARGES OF EACH PART

    PROTON=POSITIVE CHARGE

    ELECTRON=NEGATIVE
    CHARGE

    LAW OF CHARGES. Opposite charges attract and like charges repel

    VALENCE ELECTRONS

    OUTER SHELL OF ATOM IS KNOWN AS VALENCE SHELL ELECTRONS LOCATED IN OUTER SHELL ARE VALENCE ELECTRONS THE VALENCE SHELL CANT HOLD MORE THAN 8 ELECTRONS

    COPPER: GOOD CONDUCTOR BECAUSE OF ONLY ONE VALENCE ELECTRON

    CURRENT FLOW HAPPENS WHEN ELECTRONS MOVE FROM

    ATOM TO ATOM.

    INSULATORS: HAVE 7 OR 8 ELECTRONS IN VALENCE SHELL

    SEMICONDUCTORS: HAVE 4 ELECRONS IN VALENCE SHELL

    CONDUCTORS

    THEY HAVE ONLY 1 OR 2 VALENCE ELECTRONS: THEY GIVE UP THOSE ELECTRONS EASILY WITH LITTLE EFFORT THEY ALLOW CURRENT FLOW EASILY: LOW RESISTANCE!!!!!!

    EXAMPLES OF GOOD CONDUCTORS

    SILVER: 1 VALENCE ELECTRON COPPER: 1 VALENCE ELECTRON GOLD: 1 VALENCE ELECTRON ALUMINUM: 3 VALENCE ELECTRON PLATINUM: 1 VALENCE ELECTRON

    INSULATORS

    MATERIALS THAT HAVE 7 OR 8 VALENCE ELECTRONS RESIST FLOW OF ELECTRICITY ELECTRONS ARE HELD TIGHTLY AND ARE NOT GIVEN UP EASILY

    EXAMPLES OF INSULATORS

    RUBBER PLASTIC GLASS WOOD

    SEMICONDUCTORS

    MATERIALS THAT HAVE 4 VALENCE ELECTRONS ARE NEITHER GOOD FOR CONDUCTORS OR INSULATORS USED TO MAKE DIODES AND TRANSISTORS COMPUTORS ARE FULL OF SEMICONDUCTOR MATERIAL SILICON AND GERMANIUM MOST COMMON USED

    METHODS OF PRODUCING ELECTRICITY

    MAGNETISM=GENERATOR CHEMICAL=BATTERY PRESSURE=PIEZO SENSORS HEAT=THERMOCOUPLES FRICTION=STATIC LIGHT=PHOTO ELECTRIC

    REVIEW..

    OPEN THE BOOKS TO SUMMARY AT END OF CHAPTER. DO THE REVIEW QUESTIONS IN CLASS.

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