PATHOPHYSIOLOGY: Hemorrhagic Stroke (CVA)

Risk Factors: Etiology: Unknown

Modifiable: o o o o o o HPN Heart disease Obesity Fatty/salty diet Vices (alcohol/ smoking) Sedentary lifestyle

Non-Modifiable: o o o Age (58 y/o) Sex (male) Heredity (family history of HPN)

Deposition of fatty materials on vessel walls

Formation of atherosclerotic plaque

Hypoperfusion of blood going to vital organs

RAAS activation and SNS Stimulation

Vasoconstriction

Blood Volume

Blood Pressure

Weakening of blood vessels

Aneurism formation

Rupture of Artery supplying the brain

Intracranial Hemorrhage Blood leaks into the brain tissue ICP Destruction of motor and sensory neurons

Inflammatory Response (compression of the brain due to swelling from Hemorrhage)

Loss of function to its pyramidal pathway

Cerebrum LOC Headache N/V Dizziness Seizure Drooling Muscle twitching

Neurologic deficits depending on the area of brain affected

Right Hemisphere

Left Hemisphere

 Left Hemiparesis Dysphagia Decreased eye movement Poor judgment Impaired proprioception Contralateral Neglect Impaired visual motor perception blurring of vision

Anterior Carotid Artery

Middle Cerebral Artery

Parietal lobe

Temporal lobe

Primary Somatosensory area Tactile agnosia Paresthesias Disturbed sensory perception Gustatory area No taste perception Pre-motor area Disturbed motor activities of complex/abstract sequential motor abilities (writing name, etc)

Wernickes area Difficulty in interpreting speech/language (receptive aphasia) Primary Auditory area Impaired sound perception/interpretation Auditory Association area Impaired sound, music, speech, noise perception Olfactory area Impaired smell perception