Li gii thiu C s in sinh hc l mt mn hc c bn trong lnh vc K thut Y sinh ni chung v chuyn ngnh in t Y sinh hc ni ring.

Trong phn ti liu ny, tc gi s c gng cung cp ti cho ngi c ci nhn tng quan v nguyn l to dng in trong c th, cc phng php phn tch tn hiu in sinh hc cho cc bi ton thun v ngc ng dng trong in t v Y sinh. ng thi tc gi s c gng cung cp mt ci nhn tng quan nht v cc tn hiu in sinh hc. Song song vi qu trnh y, quyn sch ny s l ti liu tham kho cn thit cho mi sinh vin Vit Nam, nhng ngi bt u tham gia vo lnh vc in t y sinh, vt l y t,... c lin quan ti cc tn hiu sinh hc. Trong mt n lc cung cp ti mt ci nhn ton din, quyn sch ny s cung cp cc thng tin v nhng phn sau: C s gii phu v sinh hc c th ngi di gc in sinh hc Cc thng s in ca m Cc khi nim ngun khi v b dn khi v cc m hnh in Cc l thuyt v t sinh hc Cc phng php l lun v tnh ton l thuyt cho in t sinh hc Cc phng php o in v t trng ca cc m thn kinh Cc phng php o in v t trng ca in th hot ng ca tim Qu trnh kch thch in v t trng ca m thn kinh Qu trnh kch thch in v t trng ca tim Phng php o thng s in ca m Cc hin tng in t sinh hc c lin q uan Mong rng, quyn sch ny c th cung cp mt ci nhn tng quan u tin cho mi thnh vin khi bt u lin quan ti chuyn ngnh K thut Y sinh, mt chuyn ngnh mi ca Vit Nam

Khi nim v in sinh hc- t sinh hc in sinh hc l mn hc c bn v ngun gc dng in trong c th sinh hc m c th y l i tng ngi. gii thch mi hin tng in sinh hc trong c th ngi, mt khi nim lin quan kh quan trng c lin quan ti l t sinh hc. T sinh hc v nguyn tc l dng kim tra cc hin tng in, in t trng v hin tng t trng pht sinh trong m sinh hc. Cc hin tng bao gm:

Phn ng c th kch thch ca m (ngun)

in th v dng in trong b dn khi Trng in t ti bn ngoi v bn trong c th p ng ca cc t bo c kh nng kch thch i vi cc kch thch in v t trng Cc thng s in v t trng khc ca m. Mt vn rt quan trng trong qu trnh tm hiu mn hc ny l phn bit c cc khi nim trong in t y t. Trc ht l cc hin tng in sinh hc, cc hin tng in t sinh hc v cc hin tng t sinh hc v cc phng php o c v kch thch. Sau mi n vic tham chiu ti cc thit b s dng cho cc mc ch khc nhau.

Thng qua vic nh ngha, in t sinh hc l vng giao thoa do n lin quan trc tip ti cc ng dng trong cuc sng v c mt khoa hc k thut cng nh vt l. Thng thng chng ta c bit quan tm ti cc nguyn tc, cc quy lut tng hp gia k thut, vt l vi y hc v dc hc. Cc nguyn tc y c nh ngha ngn gn di y:

Vt l y sinh (Biophysics): l ngnh khoa hc lin quan ti cc gii php i vi cc vn sinh hc lin quan ti kha cnh vt l. K thut sinh hc (Bioengineering): ng dng k thut vo s pht trin ca cc thit b y t, phn tch cc h thng sinh hc, ch to cc sn phm da trn cc tin b khoa hc k thut. Thut ng ny thng c s dng i chiu vi K thut y sinh hc v k thut ha y sinh. Cng ngh sinh hc (Biotechnology): Nghin cu v cng ngh x l vi sinh vt. Lnh vc chnh ca ng dng cng ngh sinh hc l cc sn phm nng nghip, thc phm v thuc. in t y t (Medical electronics): Mt phn vng ca k thut y sinh lin quan ti cc thit b in t v phng php trong y hc. Vt l y t (Medical physics): L ngnh khoa hc da trn cc vn vt l gii quyt trong qu trnh chn on y hc. K thut y sinh hc (Biomedical engineering): K thut lin quan ti ng dng ca khoa hc cng ngh (Thit b v phng php) cho sinh hc v y t.

Hnh 1.1 Cc lnh vc lin quan ti nhau BEN = bioengineering, BPH = biophysics, BEM = bioelectromagnetism, MPH = medical physics, MEN = medical engineering, MEL = medical electronics Hnh 1.1 miu t mi quan h gia cc lnh vc, c bit n ch ra mi quan h gia lng l thuyt gia cc ngnh khoa hc an xen vi nhau ngi c c th chun b cc kin thc khoa hc cn thit trc khi i vo nghin cu cc lnh vc c th. Cc lnh vc nh trong in t sinh hc L thuyt c bn

in t sinh hc c th chia theo nhiu cch khc nhau khi tip cn. Mt trong s cc cch phn loi l thuyt l chia theo 2 hng. Mt l cc cng thc Maxwell (lin kt in t trng) v nguyn tc thun nghch (xem hnh 1.2). Cng thc Maxwell Cng thc Maxwell, v d mi quan h gia in t trng, lin kt s bin i theo thi gian ca trng in t. iu c th gii thch n gin theo quy lut tn ti gia in trng v t trng. Ni no c in trng th s xut hin t trng v ngc li. S ph thuc gia in, in t trng hay cc hin tng t trng, in t sinh hc c th chia thnh cc mng kin thc khc nhau (xem theo chiu ngang ca hnh 1.2) v chng ta c th chia thnh 3 mng nh, c th gm: A. in sinh hc B. in t sinh hc C. T sinh hc Trong qu kh, in t sinh hc cn c gi l t sinh hc v n c phn vp phi s trung lp vi phn loi C. Do , trong ti liu ny, chng ta c th s dng khi nim "t sinh hc" nhng chng ta s s dng in t sinh hc nhn mnh tnh chnh xc ca thut ng v lnh vc khoa hc lin quan.

Hnh 1.2. Phn loi in t trng Tnh thun nghch Do nguyn l thun nghch, dn n s phn phi nhy trong vic d tm cc tn hiu in sinh hc, s phn b nng lng trong cc kch thch in, s phn phi nhy trong nhng php o tr khng in l ging nhau. iu ny cng ng cho cc phng php t sinh hc v in t sinh hc tng t khc. Ph thuc vo vic chng ta ang cp n vic o lng cc trng, o lng kch thch v t ha, hay vic o c cc thng s in t khc ca m, in t sinh hc c th chia thnh cc mc theo chiu dc nh sau:

I. o in trng hoc t trng t mt ngun in sinh hc hoc t cc vt liu t. II. Kch thch in bng in trng hoc t trng hoc s t ha vt liu (vi t trng).

III. o cc thng s in hoc t c trng ca m.