The Filtration Spectrum

Micrometers
(Log Scale)

ST Microscope Ionic Range

0.001

Scanning Electron Microscope

Optical Microscope Micro Particle Range

1.0 10

Visible to Naked Eye Macro Particle Range

100 1000

Molecular Range
0.01

Macro Molecular Range

0.1

Angstrom Units 1
(Log Scale)

10
2 3 5 8

100
20 30 50 80 20 30 50 80 0 0 0 0

1000

104
30 00 50 80
2 3 5 8

105
2 3 5 8

106
2 3 5 8

107
2

20 00

00

00

Approx. Molecular Wt.

(Saccharide Type-No Scale)

100

200

1000

10,000

20,000

100,000

500,000

Albumin Protein
Aqueous Salts

Yeast Cells Paint Pigment Bacteria A.C. Fine Test Dust

Pin Point

Carbon Black Endotoxin/Pyrogen

Atomic Radius Sugar

Beach Sand
Granular Activated Carbon

Virus Tobacco Smoke Latex/Emulsion

Relative Size of Common Materials

Metal Ion

Synthetic Dye

Milled Flour
Ion Ex. Resin Bead

Pesticide Herbicide

Colloidal Silica Asbestos Gelatin

Blue Indigo Dye

Red Blood Cells

Pollen Human Hair

Coal Dust
Cryptosporidium

Giardia Cyst

Mist

Process For Separation

REVERSE OSMOSIS
(Hyperfiltration)

ULTRAFILTRATION MICROFILTRATION
10 Angstrom Unit = 1 Nanometer

PARTICLE FILTRATION

NANOFILTRATION

Note: 1 Micron (1x10-6 Meters) 4x10-5 Inches (0.00004 Inches) 1 Angstrom Unit = 10-10 Meters = 10-4 Micrometers (Microns)

Copyright 1996, 1993, 1990, 1984 Osmonics, Inc., Minnetonka, Minnesota USA