Poornameemamsa

><TZsT l Dq+ |d~ > +q us< o jT syvjT
eTq<q Xd|sDVk~ >+<eTT\T yT|T>sqeTTe+{ >+;s
dseTT`V$ VeTTHi+ qy&T J$| |s
u $TqT (qqyT q uVd qTue eTTqT b+<T& <wd T H sTT.
VeTTqT eTqdT#>, +~jTeTT\#> >T]+|e TT. CjT qy&T
q<q ~eCq|u eeTT# {\eTT, nq> dqTq e \eTTH
< nqTueeTT<s b+<>\&T. k<sDeTT>{ ~eCqeTT
HsjTDT&~>TsTe> >\ >TsT|s+ |s>e TT> d<T & q jTT d<T sZ T eqT
deXsTT+#T e\q \_dT + ~. ~>TsTyq HsjTDT&T =eT+&T>TsT
|C|T\ |e<seTTqT, <T>TsT ~esT\ e<seTTqT
nqT>V+#qT. j>, sXdeTT\T |e<seTTqT, k+K, CqeTT\T
e<s eTTqT |u~ksTT. <s #sD
$<qeTT\T s +&TqT sD
X~
qqTw+ # k< \qqyT q \ d~ &&TsTT.
VeTT y\se TT ~. }V\ L& n+<~. Xe TT+{
>=|yq qT, dT+<se TT\T dTu<e TTq qT, }VbV +{ jTTj
T Te TTq qT,
n$ VeTTjTT ds| dueeTT q_e ] +|C\e. eq u> y qT&T
d<TZsTe> CdTeq q w\ CqeTTqT u~+#T =
bjTeTT\qT |s D eTT\T> qqT>V +#qT. CqdeTTbsq eseZ TT\T
H\T>T $<e TT\T>` |<e TT, ;eTT, d+K, s K` n s +|&q$. |<e TT
CHe> u>e]wyTq \eeTT. TT>Eke<sy<eTT\T <
|< qXK\T. d>+<e TT\T |XK\T. |sDVdeTT\T < \T
eT]jTT |Pe\T. nf <s qeTT\T |\ eTT\T.
;eTT CqeTH eTVee $s$ +#T eT\sDyTq eT+eTTq
b<jT eT>T#Tq~. VeTTqT s +#T b< eTTqT eV+#T |$yT q
n+qT d+K n+{sT. VCqeTT\ d++~+q #HdsD
deTeTT> s UeTT> d+#Ts U |eTTqT b]uw+ > #eTT
|PsM Te+k <s qyT
< jT+eTT n eeV]ksT. eeV]+#&yT +& B

nseT] |~> L& |PksT . |dT |s D
+ nsd w s D
eTTq
;eTT d+K nqTq$ yssT> s+| &H, n$ |j>
|j qeeVseTT\+qT |sd sqT+<e TT\T >H $j+| &TsTT.
VCHHwD es+Z |jT +# yTq k< |< ; d+U
s K\H H\T>T Cqx \ T (Keys of knowledge) > |j ksTT. CdT e
k< &THq y eyT | |$<], | V#] eT+|<X e TT>,
nsq jT+|<qeTT>, |$ y<<|qeTT> #jT s<T. ; d+K\T
s +& eT+ u>eTT eksTT. |<e T+s U sV deTT\qT |{ + # $<e TT>
eT&TXde TT\T |{ e TT VsT\ y u~+# | e|+#&+~.
n$ |{ + |&es j sV deTT\T k<sD k< \, CdT e\
nCe TT>H +&bjsTT. b]uw+ > eT&T Xde TT\T |<X de TT,
eT+Xde TT, jT+Xde TT n |\Te&T#Tq$. |<X de TT < XX de TT
bDjT ysDeTTq q q~. eT+XdeTT, d+U XdeTT
<qT+<T q n+>D X de TT (Arithmatic) ;>D e TT (Algebra)\,
s UXde TT < jT+Xde TT (Lenier Mathematics) >D e TT (Geometry),
X+#<>DeTT (Conic Sectional Geometry) eT]jTT D$T
(Trigonometry) Xde TT\ qq~.
|<Xd, eT+Xd,jT+XdeTT\T eT&TqT #Hq |sds
keTsdeTTbT y k<sD |b<\yTq V u<q
|sed+#T#Tq$. e #b\+f, eT&T XdeTT\TqT,
'|+eTTqT+& y\Te&qy, jTT >=| +<eTT qeTjT eT&T
sD eTT\ #| e#TqT. sD jT e$s$ +q '|+eTT, |s ed+#
+<_+<TeP s +&Tq, lXvZ $sb l |s BX sTq ><T sZ T lDq+<
usr e+#seTVk$Ty]# s+|&q |$ |PsM Te+k >+<y T q
sse TT.
|PsM Te+k<s q+ <VeTT\THsTT. y eT+> `
13G07G11G12G11R54 deTT\THsTT. nVeTq> ~qeT ns+.
#sT&=sE u~+# $wjT $u>eTTqT VeT d\ +> s+|
e#TqT. nH deTTqT ns e TT\ nqss # q > s+|e#T.
ns e Td+~>+ kse~XeTTKyT
nkue Tqe<+# d+ d$< $<T' `
n d\D eTT. deTT #| &q $wjT eT| e TT> @$<y T q
d+XjT eTT\ MjT~>, V<yTq ~>, ds Hy<j > yTq ~>,
@$<e TT>qT sd ]+| X eTT~> s+|&eq s e T T .
$<e TT> deTT +{ yT<e+T\q qT n< jTqeTT #jT <q$.
$ d+|<jT$<T\>T VsT\# y] |$eTTq #qdsD
CdT eq k< \ esZ s X e TT #jT T |b~+# &q$.
$<yTq dyvjTeTT> s+|&q+<Tq |PsMTe+k
<s qeTTq d eTT dw s e TTq>T yKqT |] \ jTT k\u eTT=s
sTT+BjT&T#Tq~. |<,d+U sUXdeTT\T eT&+{jTT deT>
ds|eTTqT d+>V eTT> *jTCdq # |PsM Te+k <s qyUqeTT
ds+^DeTT> dTd+|qeTT+~.
d+|Psy<yvjT $CqeTTq eT\+<yTq VCdjT
|PsM Te+k <s q |b<eTT. d+|Ps y<y vjT |b<yTq V
C q eTTq d + +~ + q $#s D < MTe+d | $ e TT q s +& T
bUqeTT\ |dT + ~. n$`
1.V]jT q esTDT&T q $<j
T T&q |T&>T u >Teq|< +q
CqeTT. ~ j|wT u >Te*> |d< e TT.
2.#+<>|wT V]jTq <\eTV] q $<jTT&q
esT&T XTq|<+q VCqeTTq edsyTq eT*d<+
s|DeTT.
s+&T bUqeTT\T dsy<+ ksueTT eT<yTq
yC yT q , |< Xdj
T d<+eTT\ d++~+q deTd\+{
s <y T q |]cseTTqT #|>* q$. #s#sy T q u||+ #eT+jT T
VQeTTFqeTT> q&T#TqqT +<* VQ$<edTCeTTq +qT
;uyTq eT\sDyTTfqjTT, n~rjTyTq <qT+&jT
uCeT+jTT VQeTTFqeTT> H$s$+q<jTT, eT*yTq
<qqTue |PseTT> *d=qTjT eqeq \_+q+<T\ #se \dq
eTVAq>e TeTT, n~jT |se e~ jTjTT, dswy T q eT\sD
|PsM Te+k <s qyT
|]CqeTT (By the knowledge of the Supreme Fundamental Cause) e\q

ds eTT \_+#TqjTT, bUH\T s +& <{d T H sTT.
yw s TT ||+ #eTT(Objective world)m+> VQeTTFq+> |]|]
$<e TT\T> |d] +, $d] +, esX _+ > q&TTH, < e\+
s +& s +&T eT* |u< \ <]+#e#T. n$ HeTsb\T.(Name and
+&T> $#sDd+ $+>&+ #TH n$ s +&
Form). HeTsb\ s
|sd ss n+f, < H={ d++< * +{sTT. HDeTTjTT
ueT usTdT\ e+{e #| e#TqT. Xdj
T eTT> M{ $Xw + #Tq|&T
HeTeTTqT |<; d+Us|eTT\ eT&T>qT, s|eTTqT s U+>qT,
eeV]+#&+ |]b{.
> eTq |]o\q`
1.VQeTTFq+> |d] d, s+s+ > $d] dTq yw s TT ||+ #
;u yT q ,eT*yT q |< qsDyTT{jT | s +&e~ <T . > n~
n~rjTeTT, eTTHq ~.
2. nqTue |PseTT> y~ d< qe TTjTT |se Td |]o*+#\+f
( To verify the Truth of the Vedic Doctrine) eTT+< T > eTq+
yw s TT||+ #+jTT yC yT q d |]o\qqT (Scientific Scrutiny of
*jTT+T+~.
this Objective World) +> #j
d+>V +> #| +f >qT HeTsbyT q u $wjT ||+ #
$Xw + $e]+#Ty\qe. HeTsb\qT |<; d+UsU |u< \T>
eTT+<T #| H+. MH eTq+ eT+>`
1.|< |+#+ < X ||+ #+(Pada World)
2.;||+ #+(Bija World)
3.d+U||+ #+(Samkhya World or Number World)
4.sU|+#+(Rekha World)`n H\T>T $u>\T> $e]+#T+<+.
s U||+ #+ (Rekha World) :` b<qqT |eD+> >V + eT+
eTT+<T> s U||+ # |]>Dq rdy\+{sT #sk$T. sD+,
s UeT\+> yw s TT ||+ #, < jTCjT e#Tq+{sjTq.
ds ! |dT q edT |+#eTTjTT dsb b]uw+ > s|eT
eeV]+#T+TH+. <jTT s UyT q dsb b]uw+ > #eTT
< jT+eTT n eeV]d +{sT. ~ eTqeT+ Xs *+#<T .

m+<T+f, eTq<X+ #eT+~ bd \T y< |b~ <eeTsT\ qT
#eTT < jT+s |eTT n]d+ && eTq+ |+ #d+ {eTT.
bd<eeTsT\ |<T \T> u$+ n]+#&T#Tq #eTT\qT
yd$<H b]uw+> $Xw+ $e]+# XdjTyTq |<jT
s U||+ #eT eeV]dTH +. eTq J$ |se T\ eTTqT >V +#&qTe>
bs \d+ s U||+ # yu y eTT+<T> *jTCj *. {, eTqMT
|s D
+ eTT+<T> #eTT\ d++~+q d sV deTT\qT n+<s
ne>Vq+<$<eTT> qT+&y $e]+#T+<+. dsk<sD+>
sUrsD(Graphic Representation) |j+# #eTT\
d++~+q $wjT eTT\qT b]uw+ >` _+<T#T wj
T eTT, |+#DeTT,
w{DeTT...\T> eeV]ksT . k<sD|jT Te TTq e |]ee TT
qTqT > d +| & sTT. | ] e e TT( Boundary Circle )H
eTs<eeTL& n+{sT.( |PsMTe+k >+<$esD e]
V+ M{>T]+ eTT\bT> k<VsDeTT> dMT+ #T+<+.
s U+> |u~+|&T#Tq #eTT\T(Graphic Representations
of the chakrams ) | b~+# s V d | ] C H > V +#\+f ,
j|w ]Cq+ nedsy T +H +~.
j|wsd+>VeTT ( Gist of the Taittareeyopanishat) : +<T
esTDT&T q esT&q u >Teq sjTT, d<, n+&, ~eTT\T>
$u +#&,deVs+> $wjT ||+ #+> eeV]+|&T#Tq #s#sd w,
@< Xd|]uw V~d+|s+yTq~> eeV]+|&T#Tq<,
n<+jT T VeTTqT+& j$s$ +q<q |< q+> u~k&T .
n+<* Ve* |sTw(b~w&q Je)jTT d+u
$e]dT+ ~. d < sDVeTTqT+& XeTT, <qT+& yjTTe,
yjTTeqT+& n, jTqT+& \eTT \eTT\qT+& |~$, u $TqT+&
zw<T \T, yqT+& nqeTT, jTqeTTqT+& s# s D
<ejTeeTT\
d\ Xs+> >#]+# |sTw&T $s$ +#sT . >, |sTw&H <V
VeTTqT+& j$s$ +q dTyT q e] sb+se T #| e#TqT.
|PsM Te+k <s qyT
Jy> eeV]+|&T#Tq |sTw dsb @ $<y T q d+<V \

MjT |< Xe y #|d k<VD+>`~ |sTw
sdT (\), ~ n &s (<D
|e TT), ~ yeT|e TT (m&eTs).
~ V<jT eTT < , ~ |#e TT n |j
b*` \
s +&T s \T XseTT, n |+#ejTe deT+> s + |u~dT q ~.
| Xs+ b* s +#&+ # |D[<y T q s|D
>$+#&q~. < =~> |]o*<+.
eqy kwe eTeTT (Arrangement of the Human Form) : B
nqTue |Ps+> >V +#&>qT |]o\&T H= m\\T >#]+|
$X\yTq yT< qeTT sTy| \qT |&e Ts~X> q T +, |sT +&q T,
qT\qT u> ], jT+<DZ X d| ] Cq+ dMT+ #*. n|&T mes
#| +&H, q#T nbs+> |dT q ~eTT < ~vD\eTT
|< ee TT>qT, qT ee TTq +<kq+qTqT nqTuy edT+ ~.
ueq s UXd| ] CqeTT e s#eTTq H+~jT #| e#TqT.
|<e T u+ eT (Posture I) : |]o\&T < ue&T qT u $T|
q> |sT +&, &# & T+{ \T, m&eT# m&eTy| qTq
T +{ \ T < > Z s > uD # ] | e T b< e TT\qT
m<Ts <TsT>jTT<{ #]jTT+q> u$+#*.
|]o\q`de#qeTT: ueq |w<T<<qeTTqT |seTT
|P]>qe>Vq#d & Xdj
T yTq |< ddT+ ~. |wT
d\ Xs |j
b*` d<yT e s' njT+ <D ' |' njTeTTs '
|' njTe <+ |#+ |c nq>, ~ sdT , ~ & bseTT,
~ m&eTbseTT, eT< qTq~ u>eTT. ~ |#u yT q neTT
n <Tu>\T> $e]++~. ~ \+] |]uw #|&qT
>V +#*. < HyT q jTT|<X e TT jTT n_e < ne>Vq
=+ >DXd|]CqeTT, sU Xd|]#jTeTT +f n_ejTT
V<j qs+ #dT e&+ dT\ue TT+~. ds !
$<y T q d+\eTT |u + eTqT =~> |]o*<+. |]o\&T
q (u+ eT) d+u$+#T+, uVs+<e TTqT+& m&eT e TT(#+),
m&eT T+{\ T *y eTeTTqT dd eT+> &y| q T+{\ T

<D
e TT (&#+ )\ >T+& Vs+<e TTqT \T| s U$T
d+u$d \Te> k>BjT&q ee TTe+{ dT]dT+ ~.
>D X d+ b]uw+ > eTTqT Bse e TT (Ellipse) n eeV]dT+ ~.
(#. 1e eTT.)
seTT
m&eT#sTT
&#sTT
s \T
m&eT
T+{\T
&T +{\T
b<\T m<Ts <TsT>
eTT 1
eTT 2
< $<e TT> +se TeTTqT+& bs+_+, m&eT` uT oseTT

(Left Shoulder) m&eT# eTT&T(Left Elbow) #sTT (Palm) \<s
*+>kH +se TeTT *dqT d+u$d, eT]jTT Bse e TT
(Ellipse) n&> k>BjT&q e dT]dT+ ~.(# 2e eTT)
|& s+&T sUeTT\qT deVs+#d
@s+> u$+qsTT |sd seTT K+&+#T=qT s +&T
Bse e TT\T <s q$TksTT eTT 3. deV
C>> |wY |e#H nqsTTd u$d,
eTq+eTT+<T #|q |+#ejTe deTyTq
eTT 3
$V+> (|j
)` 1.\ (Head), 2.&s (Right
TT
Wing), 3.m&eTs (Left Wing), 4.XseTT (Body/ Trunk), 5.|#e
(Tail) uddT + ~.(+ 3). B |wT nqeTjTX+> eeV]+|
&T#Tq d\ Xs d+ +> #| deTqsTTdT+ ~. ~X> d,
| u>< X |u~eTTq nqeTjT, bDeTjT, eTHeTjT,
$CqeTjT, X\qT, Ve* e q+<eTjT X+ \sTT+q
$<q+` |q $e]+#Tq Bse e TT\ H\T>T |< q _+<Te\qT (Four
Cardinal Points )
|PsM Te+k <s qyT
nq> eTq+ u $+# T q

Vs+<+ , &jT &eT eTT&T\T (Right and Left
Elbows) b<+>T\ eT< _+<Te\qT (Tip of the
central fingers of the feet ) \ T| @s & q
eTV|]ee TT(Huge Circumcircle) <>Z#s e TT+~
eTT 4
e TT 4. ~vD \ eTT ( Horizon) < | ] ~
(Circumference) {, |]e eTV|]eeT eeV]+#T
+TH+. |dT + eTq eeVs+ B #+> |]>Dk +.
|<e T#+ y<+Xd+ |b~+q |sT w ds|eTT < d||+ #eTT
(Microcosm)q |r (Representation) n, \TdT+ ~. $d |] ~ $s{
ds|+ >=|> >#]dTq eTV (d\ ) ||+ #+ (Macrocosm) jTT
d+>V ds|yT sT d||+ #+ (Microcosm). $ s +& d\ d
ds|u<eTT $H |sds k<XeTT\$ (Mutually Analagous)>
<s q$TksTT.
$<eTT> eTV|]e#eTT |sTwd+ $s&|+
dT+#&q $sTsTwD, < b~w&q |sTwD <
|wb<yTq $s < VD (Macrocosm), |+#X
deTyT q
Je| (Macrocosm) L& k++> *jTCdT q ~. eqH
bdq |< qyTq <qeTT < ueq\ qTL\yTq \+qeTT>
#eTT < jT+eTT |< qyTq nsH|s D eTT(Prime Object of worship)
>s +|&q~.
|sTwd ~y~ $~ $<qeTT <e\q]+#y] jT+eTT <
#eTT bd<e qTd+<q|s+> nseT] |s|+>
$~+|&q~.
~rjTu+eT(Posture-II):: eTq nqTo\q+ u>+> ys= u+eTqT
|]o*<+. ue&T u+eT q s+&T#T\ eT<yqT s+&T
=&\MT<T> y*|\ dMT|+> q>qTqT u$d, Vs+<e TT,
#y =q\T
m&eTuT oseTT, m&eT y#\T (Left elbow) y*| dMT|eTTqTq

eT< y*=q\qT,nqT+& eTeTT> & bseTT eT< y*=q, y#
eTT&T (Elbow) uT oseTT\qT dd V s+< *| $<+ >
u$d eTs\ # Bse e TT (Fine Ellipse) dT]dT+ ~.
|]o\q(Observation) :
Vs+<+
Bs e C> >
|]o*+ Vs+<, eT
<s, b<eTT\y eTeTTqT dd ds
sKqT, H_eT<> sK
\+es Z + ( Perpen
dicular)> y# eTT&T\ (Elbows) eTeTT\qT\T| eT]jTT
ds s KqT u$+ <]+#*. s K\Ts+& ~vD\|]y|+ > |j DksTT.
s K\T eTq+ <]+q Bse e TTq s +&e TT\T (Axis)> s +#&HsTT.
n<Te TT> ud+q Bse e TTq H_kqeTTqqTq eTD|P s# +
eT< _+<Te neT+~. < *+>kqeTTq <>sZ > qTq k~cqeTT,
Vq< eTTq+<Tq nHVeTT, s +&TqT Bse e TTq HuT sTT. f
eT<s $X~ #eTT\qTL& s +&T HuT \T> >V +#e#TqT.
|]o\&< ueq =~b{ bDjeTeTTqT L& nu d+|C*q#,
Ve* s+#&q bDeTjT,eTHeTjT $CqeTjT, qqeTjT
XeTT\T H\T>TqT ds s U+e TT` q BsH uT \| $TsT$TT>=\T|
+ n<T+> >#]ksTT. n$ eT+> ~vD\eTT, |]eeTT,
|+#XeTT\ Bse TT eT]jTT dTwe|<e TTqT d+#T Bse | e TT
n \ Td T + ~. V e | b~ e TT q M d + +< e TTqT
ds +eTT(Constant)> >D X d$ T |b~dT+ ~.
x2
a2+
y2
b2+
=e
10
|PsM Te+k <s qyT
eT&e u+ eT (Posture-III) :` |]o\ &| &T

eT]jTT u+ eT d+u$+#*. eTT+<T> s +&T
q T * uqy (Tip of the central fingers
of the feet) dH
>eTT (Teats) ds s K +&
u$+#*. Vs+<eTTqT+& dH>eTT >T+&
*esqT \T| &jT&eTy|\ s+&T dssK\qT ^dq#
deT~uVQ uT C jTs&TT+~.sT y m&eT# m&eT dH >eTTqT
d+#TqTqT, nf & # &y| dH >eTTqT d+#TqTqT u$d
s U j _+<Te\qT \T| ^dqfq # |+#uT s UeTT
d ~ d T + ~. ~ < q$w j T + > u $d , V e | b< y T q
|+#X|T\qqT>V d |sTwd |b<T&q |< q $sTsTw
jTT dyTq (Form)> T~>#se TT+~. #eTT k<sD+>
|sTwd |b<T&q |sTw eds|+> n]+#y]# |P+|&T
+T+~.
eT&e #eTT:` eT&e #eTT w{DeTT.B b]uw+ > dT<s qeT
eeV]ksT. $Xq deTTq y<q d<+eTT\qT dTdweTT>
|b~+# VT<e TTq Xd s|DeTT\qT <s qeTT\T n+{sT.
dT<s q|<+ <s qeTH |< eTT+<Tq dT nH |ds Z ds+^D
dTd+|qeTT, deT>eTT, d+|Pse TT nH$wj \qT *jTCdT + ~. >,
dT<s q+ |w jT<jT<+ > *jTCdT + <qe!
dT<s qeTH |<e TTqT d]+q eTsTD
yT eTq $we T] d<
q & # <]+jTT+& #yT | edT+~. ^ w u>yqT
jT<s <s qeTq $wjT eT+<s qT *dq<. u> e BZ u> y qT |< ||+ #
<s qyT , dT<s q#eTT s U <s H |s|eTqe. >,
dw{DeTTjTT XuyTq |]|Ps|ksyT u>eBZ. <T,
w{D#eTT ^jTT deT>Xu< ksd+>Vs|yTq |rjT
ks+XeTT. eTq eTseT]> |jdTq #eTT < jT+eTT\
yue$T+{ >=|~ eqH #sq eTq us<X+ }V+<q+
bNq\+qT+& s<H |seTT> nqTd]+#& nqTdeTT> qT
e++> =qk>TTq< >V +#*.
11
>DXdbeD :` |]o*dTq=\~ |$#eTT\T <

jT+eTT\jTT |j>+> >DXd<eTTq sUeTT\
&qT,sU>DXdeTT dNos X+(Cone) eT]jTT H$<yTq
X+e|]#< e TTq , X+e (Conic), Bse (Elliptic), ne (Hyperbolic),
e~ (Circular etc ) T\T eT]jTT y B] + sV+# Xdj
T
deTT\qT, d+e~d (In Harmony with those Mathematical Laws)
>#]ksTT. $<y T q yC yT q +s| ] o\q (Subtle and Scientific
Observation) #eTT\T < jT+eTT\ |]CqeTT Xd
CdT e\+j q+< *dT+ ~. < beD $wjT + *q,
< sT s|+q d+<V \T, <TsT\ T |]w]+|&sTT. d+<V
@eeTT e ssTTq ne>Vq jTs&TT+~. + $Xw+ ` =*
>D X dy \ T s UXd| ] CH #d+ \T eT]jTT jT+eTT\qT+&
eTq |wb~ Xd| ] uw\ qT+&jT >V +HsH $wjT + X |
XdeTT n+f q{ qiTb eTH $wjqqTue |Ps+>
\TdT+{+.
e $wjT d+>V+#\qT+f sUXd eT*
du eTTq $wj \ dT<s q+ < w{DeTTqT+& y\Te&HjT,
| + # D+ X+ e , eT]j T T ]# < | s q e e TT( Circle ),
BseeTT(Ellipse), neeTT(Hyperbola), yTT<\>Ty |]CH
eT\u yT q < \TdT+ ~.
>, >D X de TT @ n<Te $w]+|&H, @d+ d< ++>
s+|&H, @deTd m<Ts H < X|b~yT q Xdd eTT
eT\+> |dT + ~. |+#&y T <T, n& n|]w+> e<*yjT &q
deTd |]cs+L& eTq y<+Xd|]o\q Xe eTq
<>Z#s # j
T nqT>V dT+ ~.
y<++`sU\T:` eT*eTTq y<+ ueq\ qT+&jT >D X dj
T
sU$s$+HjT XjT+> #|e#T. y< b<\+>
= <VsD\qT >eT<+. >DXk d++~+q b<$T
12
|PsM Te+k <s qyT
jT(Plane) s UeTT\T ` 1._+<Te(Point), 2.ds s K (Straight Line),

3.DeTT (Angle ), 4.deTuVQuT eTT(Eqilateral Triangle), 5.deT#T sdeTT
(Square ), 6.ee TT (Circle), 7.X+eeTT (Parabola), 8.nee TT (Hyperbola), 9.Bse
e TT (Ellipse).
|P]> s <+ > <]d> q T (In strict Logical sense) \eTT\qT
d+# sU\ X+e (Cone ) qT $$<eTTq D\ <
\eTT\ K+&+#> $s$ +q s|eTTq \TdT+ ~. n+<T M
$e]+# s UXd$ u> X+es UXde TTn, X+e, ee TT,
nee TT, Bse e TT yT<q s UK+&\qT X+es UK+&eTT\T (Conic
Sections) n eeV]+#&+ ]+~. >, e X+e>DXd
|$u> #+~q $wjT eTT\T> >V +#*.
s UXde $s$ +#& |PsyT us< X + |uT e\+<]#
s+#q yTq eT{us D
+> \<\&q dsb X+y! ses
eT+<* eTVqTue\>T bd seTDT\+<]#qT s< <e
ds|eTT> u$+#&T#Tq l#s yTsT|kseTT X+eqq
_qyTq <MT<T. $y#q qT{, nq> X+yT\ d++~+q
s#q d<+eTT\ eT\sDyTq X+ejTT ds|d<+eTT\
qT+&jT sb+~+# e#TqH $wjT+ \eTT+< VQeTTFq+>
$s$ +q e, Bse <T\ +{ X+y eT\eT d<+r]+|
e#TqT. Xdj
T yTq $Xw D yC +> # > s|+#& s+|&q
X+e jTT s#q+ $wj dTdw+ > < M]dT+ ~.
$< + > | beTTU
d+]+#T q X+ejTT s#H
(y-b)
=~> $y+#TT+<+.X+ejTT
(x-a)
u $Tu>+ es+ +T+~. eq
eTT+<T> e >T]+ \TdT+<+.
X+e jTT u $T u>+ e s+
+T+~. eq eTT+<T> e >T]+
B
C
A
=~> \TdT+<+.
90
90
0
13
ds _+<TeqT +<+ (Centre-C)> rd +f <qT+& deq

<s+ #*+# _+<T|<e TT < _+<Te\ d$T ee TT n+{sT.
_+<T |< d+# |]s KqT |]~ n+{sT. +<+ qT+& |]~|> \
_+<Teq eT< <s+ qT ykse TT (Radius-r) n+{sT.
C (a,b)
+<+> >\ ee TT. P (x,y) |]~|> \ _+<Te.
CP = r (ykse
TT) nqT+f |< >sd t d<+|s+ e dMTsD
r = ( x-a) + (y-b) eT\ _+<Te (0,0) qT
+<+>, r yks+ > >V d >qT ee TT
jTT dMTsD
+.
r = ( x-0) + (y-0) = x +y neT+~.
BH x +y = r n s ksT .
e |]~| s +&T _+<Te\qT *|
ds s KqT C n+{sT.
C>> >eTd e ydeTT
(Dimeter) n C\q |<~ n
\TdT+ ~
C
+<+> >\ e |]~| P
_+<Te. <qT+& ee TTq jT>\
_+<Te <s \T| #*+# s U |< dss K (Tangent) n+{sT.
_+<Te P ds_+<Te (Tangenial Point) n+{sT. eT]jTT $Xw+ .
ee TTq uV _+<TeqT+& e\+ s +&T dss K\T eyT ^jT&+
k< eTeT+~.
X+eqT de+s+ > <]d
e e TT ne T +~. < d s |
duy\qT =~> <]+#eTT. <
@y\T> K+&+|&qT u$d @s&
dsb\qT X+e dsb\ d\ +>
s +# e#TqT.
2
14
|PsM Te+k <s qyT
s#q+ :
a d e T + > \ _+< T eqT+& ,
ds _ +<Te >\ <s, n< _+<Te qT+&
ds ds s KL >\ <s +& w
ds+yT _+<T|< X+eeTT n
n+{sT.
S nH~ ds
_+<Te
L nH~ ds
s K
P nH deT\+ qTq _+<Te nqT+f P qT+& L s
K| >\
\+<seTT PM, ds _ +<Te S eT]jTT #s_ +<Te P \qT *| s K SP
(y eT< <seTT) \ w SP ds + > +T+~.
PM
X+e ds|eTT jTT ds _ +<Te S qT H_ (Focus) n+{sT.

L ds
s KqT jTs K (Directrix) n+{sT. SP, PM \ ds w +<
(Eccentricity) n+{sT. B 'e' nH ns \ dksT .
SP
>
PM
= e (k)
dsw { (o1) nsTT, X+y |se\jTeTT

(Parabola) n+{sT.
SP
d.
=e=1
PM
> |se\jTeTT ds _ +<Te (S) eT]jTT jTs K\ deq<s+

#]+# _+<T|<e T ks+XeTT.`
` X+e s U +
15
| s e\j T d M T s D ( y =4ax ) >

<]+#e#T.
|se\jTH_ S=(a,o)
jTs K (Directrix) l
(l) jTs K|q (S) jTT $| e TT (Z)
SZ\ eT< _+<Te A.
< a > dksT .
> SA = 1 = e neT+~.
2
AZ
> A |se\jTeTT MT< _+<Te.

jTs K de+s+ > A >T+& Y n d+u$d
A (o,o), H_ (S) = (a,o) Z = (-a,o)
|se\jT+MT< P(x,y) _+<Te nqT+f PM jTs K \+sK
PM, perpendicular l neT+~.
|s\ejT +<duy { d+
SP
PM
= 1 (e)
SP2=PM2
SP2=PM2 i.e. (x-a)2+y2 = (x+a)2, {(x-(-a))2}+(y-y)2

0
y2 = (x+a)2-(x-a)2
= x+2ax+a2 - (x2-2ax+a2)
= x2+2ax+a2 - x2+2ax-a2 = 4ax
$<+ > |se\jT dMTsD

+ y =4ax > <]+#e#TqT.
```
+< e $wjT+ XSqeTeT+~. e+<eTTqT H_
(Focus) >, nq+< s+ qTq ds s KqT Line at infinity jTs K
Directrix>qT u$d e $\Te XSH+eTT Zero neT+~.
$| C $T (Projective Geometry) X+e jTT s#H
|]o*+# =\B mHH n<T\T >#]ksTT. X+e $u>\T ee TT
2
16
|PsM Te+k <s qyT
jTT $b . H= X+e |u< e TT jTT ds|eTT ee TTq

<jTT \T|eq (n<X) s K vanishingline & d++<e TT | <s|&
+T+~. n~ dV _+<Te e< e K+&+qsTTq $| e TT
n|se\jTeTT Hyperbola neT+~.
s +&T }V_+<Te\ e< K+&d $| e TT Bse e TT (Ellipse)
neT +~. n<Xs K e dd >qT $| e TT |se\jTeTT (Parabola)
neT+~. B { X+eeTT\ b<TseeTTq ey T eT\sDeT
KeTT> #| e#TqT.
ee TT nq+ uT eTT\T \ VQuT n >D $Cq d<+eTT.
& nq+X e TT N # d+|&T njT d+KqT ddT+ < >V +#*.
VQuT VQXe TT, { q me n X ||+ #+qT, s +&T q
$Tq> Xde TT\qT b]uw+ > eeV]+| &T#Tq~. < 1 qT+&
eT+> 2, 3, 4, 5.....N es $\Te\qT |]>D d +>, DeTT, uT eTT,
#T sTeTT, |+#uT , w&T , nwu T ... N uT d+K> >\ VQuT \T
d~ksTT. MjTT |TqeTT\qT |eD+> |]>Dd X+e ~s
|T qeTT\{ eT\sDu yT q < \eTTqT |eD+> >V d ee TT
n{ eT\ sDu yT q < \TdT+ ~.
y<q $Cq |]o\\T |T qyTH , \yTH u< + n+> |{+ #TsT.
n{ eT\yTq |< q sDyTTf | s +&e<~jTT qT+&< y] sj
T eTT.
n~ |Pse TT (Complete) n< VeTT. n< HeTs|eTT\T \ n{
eT\sDyTq ~. n~ n~rjTeTT (Unique) n y] d<+eTT < <s qeTT.
$<+ > Xdj
T eTT> s|e TTq $$<e TT s FjT\
d++~+q y<qT\ jTT }V\T < ueq\ d++~+q =
$wj \qT ~X> n+f s +&T <<\qT deTqjT |s# T + dMT< + `
1. _+<Te (Point) : _+<Te n$< |r. n$< $T<CH

|sjT+> |]>D+|&TT+~. B <HyTq (Positive)
(Existance) b sTTH, |dT q<q nd eTT < qsTd
+T+~. q<q nejTe u>eTT\T (parts) > jeTeTT <
$kse TT>, +&& H= d _+<Te n s+| e#TqT.
17
_+<Teq |j> |jH\ <c >D $Cq Xk\, $dyTq

beTTKeTT q|{, < q<q d+# H= <s eTT (property) >, =\ (Dimension) >, >DjTyTq
ys= ds|eTT>
q&<T . eq >D X d <c s+|&q _+<Te jTT <<e TT,
y<+ Xde TT b]uw+ > s+|&q n$< < $T<<<+
d+e~d < |s|+> \TdT+ ~. y<+ Xde TT $T< <
n$< |]uwqT, >D Xd+ b]uw+> _+<TeqT, (ykseTT
X S H+ e TT (( Zero))> > \ , e e TT n) d e + s e TT> _+
|_+eTT\T> dMTsD
eTT <s d+| e#TqT.
$T< CqeTT _+<Te r=o > >\ ee TT.
2. dssK (Straight Line) : dssK y<+Xd+ b]uw+>

s+|&q >TD Xu |s|eTqe#TqT. se eTT, TTEeTT <
qHq s UyT q ueq, kV+ $+{H] |sjT|<+ > y&&T#Tq
>TD Xe TT qT+& eqyTq ~ (Derived) n #| e#TqT. <q Teq qTd+<
+|&q >TDeTT, nq> n&T TTEeTT (straightness)qT
*jTCdT + ~. + y<+ Xd+ >TDXe TT, eT\| nejTe
u eTTq d s de TdT\H eT&T ku$ >TDeTT\ b< eTTqT
eVdTq ~. ds s K, y<+T\T k<sD+> d+u$+# s|eT\yT q
n<d deTT (Law of superimposition) <c+eTT (Testimony)>
\TdT+ ~. dTdwe TT> +{ |dT q H= b<$ TyT q eT*<VsD
(Fundamental Illustration) |PsyTq <XqTueeTT, sbyTq
$T<CH n<d>, n+f n<ds|+ T~ |u$+ #dT+~.
B l X+sT \T eT n<d uw+ ` nd+d <T~s< dy#eT
nq> n~ <j T +< T n~ (| H ed T e ) nH
$T<CqeTT (u+)qT *+#~ n<d ` n sksT .
eTq jTT |Ps |]o\q\qT d]d, y
|]o\&T (observer) ~vD (Horizon)qT es |+
~+> <]+ d+|Ps+ > esT (circular shape)H
d+u$k&T. eq n ~vD\+ jTT @ u>
18
|PsM Te+k <s qyT
<]+H n~ es U+ (curvature)>H |dT + ~. n< |]o\,

d d <w <]+q|&T, es K| @ s +&T _+<Te\qT #H
n$ TTEsK n+f ds s K Hs sTdTq T> |ksTT. $<y T q
de#qyT ||<e T+> >D X dy ` ee TT nq+uT eTT\T \
VQuT (Polygon with N sides where N ) nH s#H
dT]+|#d + ~.
deVs+> |]o\qqT d+>V d ` qT, ~vD s +&T
<<\ d+<]+#&+ e\ ~vD\+ (Horizon) |sjT+ esT
nq+ |]s U |]y|y T q |]~>\ e+ >qT, nHe TT nq+ d+K>\
uT eTT\T\ VQuT >qT >#]+q< \TdT+ ~.
edTe jTT |]s K esT es U+>qT, nq+
uT eTT\T>\ VQuT > eTq>\T>T k< e? ~vD\eTT jTT |]s K
ee ds s Ue? s +&T$<\T> L& +T+<? <
s +&T $<e TT\T> +& eTs $<+ >Hq +T+<? M nq>
d+ue\ @~ yTq ~? { yT < <c $T*q y d+ue
ndeT #| |<T. ksqyTq nqTueeTT eq b<$T
d+uejT q eq T jT<se TT> |]>D+ #&y T HjTeTT. |e TT
nq+ uT eTT\ jTT d+ue e\eTT s|eT\yT q u+. <
$T<CqeTT. y<+ |]uw n<d neT+~. n<d s|yT q s|eTT
nq+eq VQuT d+ue nss V eTT < wjqeTT n
u$+# L&<T . $<+ > jT<sy T q d+ue s|eT\yT q n<d,
s +& L& eeVs+ d eTT\T>H udd , nd\T dd q bse]
|]Cq sV k nqTue |Pss+ > \TdTe& |j ksTT. s|
eT\yT q n<ds |+, jT<se TT\T qT> uddT q sT ds s K\
Hs &q VQuT E $$<e TT es U dsb\ =\\qT, |]eD\qT
ss TT+#& |j ksTT.
| s +&T |]o\qT +> dMT d ds s K jTT n<d eTT
dw+ > \TdT+ ~. |]o\&T eTT+<T> ~vD <]+q|&T, e\
e L&q esyT q&TT+~ | , n d|<+ , ee TT
jTT eT[ dueeTTq d++~+q, +<eTT, |]~, ydeTT, ykse TT
19
yTT<q $wjT eTT\T dT]+#e. eq TTEsK> VQuT > n

<>Z#s + <T . (_+<Te jTT eTT <>Z#s y T | $wj \ dT]+
jTT+&$. ~vD\ <s q+ e\ *q ~> e T $wj \qT eTs>T
|s +< >V +#*.)
e s#q+ _+<Te jTT TTEsK jTT s|<d duy
(Super imposed Nature of a point and a straightline) dw+>
$XB]dT+ ~. ee TH~ deT\+ ~|]eD +>,(Two Dimentional
fig. in a plane surface) |]~ <
+<eTT >T+& ^jT&q
ds s K\ deq |]eD+ +& e|] s K> #| &+~. |e#q+
+<eTT >T+& |]~ s +&T _+<Te\qT \T| ^jT&q TTE s K\T
#|&&+, n~ yTq nq> eTqeTT #dq{ n<s|eTT
(Superimposition) n #| jT #| qsTTq~. < $<+ > _+<Te (+<+)
jTT n<s|eTTqT L& >T]+#*. >, +<eTT ydeTT\T, |]~| >\
eTq }V _+<Te\T Cardinal points, e yC de#qeTT e\q
$s$+q n<deT\eTTq s|eTT (super impositions)
eyT q ks+X+ >V +#*.
3. DeTT (Angle) : |sd seTT _+<Te e< *d=qT s +&T ds s K\

q&TeTHs&q n+seTT (y\T) (inclination)qT DeTT n d\eTT>
s+# e#TqT. D +> y<++ s +#&q >TDeTTq
|r> #| e#TqT. DHs]# s K\T s +& L& >TDeTTq |<T
DeTTqT s+# eT*yTq ûw #+~q b]uw |<eTT
>j`Gonia nH~. B eT\eTT eTs\ d+du w DeTT njT
#| e#TqT. XX de TT skq+ >s<X + |d< + > q edT+ ~.
<q Tks+> D Xe TT qT+& >j eT]jTT y<+T\T s +q
>TD Xu\ e d+u$+#e#TqT.
4. deTuVQ uT eTT (Equilateral Triangle) : uT eTTqT >D X d+

+>u w Triangle n eeV]ksT . B DeTT n L& nqTe~+#
e#TqT. ( d+uejT jT<sy T q ~.) DeTTq +> |sjTyTq
eT\+ ^ uw f> H Trigon > s +#&+~. B eT\+ d+d
20
|PsM Te+k <s qyT
uw >TD XyTq ysT> #|qeds+ <T. usrjT Xd+

#s#s | q+qT, d , sdt ` y >TD\ deVs ds|+> u~dT q ~.
eT&T>TD\T | (Universe) jTT deT\eTT (Equilibrium) qT
d+sd +{sTT. eq deTuVQ uT eTT >TDeTT\# |]s+ # &T#Tq
deT d >\ | |s|eT eTq+ d+u$+#*.
5. #sTsdeTT (Square) : ~L#eTT\T> H\T>T ~>q_+<Te\qT
H\T>T ds s K\# \+eseZ TT \T|> Hs &q #T sdeTTqT u |seTT
n+{sT. u |seTq> ~vD\ |]y|y T q deT#T sdeT b]uw+ >
s+# e#TqT. >D X d+ #T sk eT<y T q =\\T (|]eDeTT\T)
ne<T \T (Boundaries) *q ds deT\ eTT (Superficies) n
s++~. s#q+ jT+Xde TT u |s Xe TTq # >
nqsTTdT+ ~.
6. ee TT (Circle) : s U>D X d |]uwqqTd]+ eTT+<T ee TT
jTT ds| dueeTT\qT >T]+ d\ +> $e]+#TH+. eeTT
s UeTT\{ eT\sDyTq ~. eqH B y<+T\T >sDyTq
VeT |Pse T |s=HsT. |Ps VeTT\qT d+]+#Tq
B eTs$<+ > u eTT\| eqe<w |<e TT |d] +#T es >\ ~>+
|]y|y T q u \eTT| >\ ds d e T\ esT s eTT>qT ~vD\yT
< V<T ` n s+#sT. esT s + eTq d+|Ps+ >
q&T#Tq X |~> #| &+ @eT+ $&s + > $+> <T.
y<+T\T VeTT> <]+q sT eTVe, jT X y< |b<yT
>sD u yT q |s VeTT jTT Xs+> ` X+ b* ` XX s+
V n |s=+f, eT]jTT X y+ VeTTqT ` >>q d< XyT n+f
XeTTqT b*q~ n ]+ +~. > |]<XeqyTq >>q \+
(X+) L& ey T q ks+X+. eq n~ VeTT jTT |]<XeqyTq
ds|+>qT |Pse TH |sTqT ]+ #&q~. > ee TT jTT VeTT
nH sX + bse]+ > |d, |Pse TH e|<X + yC +> Xdj
T yTq
eT\+> s +#&q< >V +#*. ee TT jTT s +&T $<e TTq
HeTsbyT q eeVs sX + bse], yC |j H\qT s +&+{
ddTq ~.
21
+ sT> #b\+f VeTTqT <$T+ > s|+#& nqTyq

e\+ ee TT (Circle) eyT . ~ n$<e TTq <DeTT\qT
n$T+ #|q VeTT jTT |]<XeqyTq jT<s dsb
u~dT q ~. VeTTq <X<XeTTq sb\THsTT. <Xsb Xs
X+ #, n<Xsb V +> eeV]+#&+ |]b{. <q Tks+>
ee TT |]<Xeq VeTTqT d+# d+ yT q jT++> d+u$+#&+
]+~.
e +<eTTqT n$< nH~>
ejT (e| ] ~)
nqTd+> eTq\q+{ |T d+$TdTq

nCq+>qT |]~ yTq VCqeTT (The
Original Supreme Intelligence )qT
|+# +& #dT q esDeTT (cover) >qT
|s=HsT. esD+ eTs\ ` ejT, n$<

n s +& T $< e TT\T> eTV s T \# Bse\ |]<T\T n$<
s +#&q~. |+ e |]~ ejTqT,
< yde<seTT> k>BjTV&q BseeTT jTT |]~ (The
Circumference of the Ellipse) n$< qT d d T + < k+ + >
#|&q~. n$< b~w Xs ds|yT q Je jTT esDeTT>qT,
ejTqT |]<Xeq VeTTq |s|yT q XsTjTT esDX> qT
bs \T >V +#*. @e d+ yT q ejT XsTjTT @
Bse e TT\ deVseTT\# Je\ jTT n$< ds|eTT\T Je\ jTT
HHeTT < nH k++> s dTH jT >V +#*. s U
C$T Xde TT ee TT jTT e $| e TT (Curved Projections)q
|se\jTeTT, (Parabola), nee TT (Hyperbola)\T L& HH $<
b~w Je\ s $beTT qqTd]+ d+b|+ q n$<esD |u< e TT\T>
y<++ s ++~.
ejT, n$<\ jTT esD X \ T VeTT jTT sDXsyT q
XsT, b~w Xs ds|eTT Je\ e]ksTT. ej X*yT q
Xs ds|+ {> e| ] ~ s|+qT, n$< X*eTT Je\
d + +~ + , Bs e ( Ellipse ), | s e\j T ( Parabola), ne
(Hyperbola)eTT\ HH$<e TTq nd+UjT sbqT, n{ nr+>
22
|PsM Te+k <s qyT
ej n$<\ |u eeTT\ qT VeTT +<+>qT s|+#&HsTT.

$<y T q s| |]CH k++> s|+q s U ||+ # d+>V +>
$V+>e q+> dMT+ #Tq eTq+, HeT |]CH \+qyTq
|< ||+ # |]o*+# ~X> |j D<+.
|< ||+ #+
(Pada World)
X, d |u< e TT\# |< ||+ #+ s +&T $<\T. X dT\~

sDs d++<e TT. XeDeTT<s n< jTq n<|qeTT\ eT\eTT>
d+b|+ #Tq~ eq y<e TTq X jT eeVsyT s&q~. y<e TT,
eTT, nbsTwjTeTT d' |eDeTT> dsT \# deT+|&q~. y<e TT,
< n$<e TT\T> nqTd]d yjT&q dT\T s +&Tq CqdeTTbsq
n+ beD >+<e TT\T> >V +|&q$. dT\T bsTwjTeTT\T.
eq neTT\T. nsTTH |d< y < beDeTTq & jTTq+<Tq
|s ' |eDeTT\T> d]+#&q$.
y<s deTde TT |DeeTT < z+seTT qT+&jT $s$ +q<
y<y T >TsT >+;sd seTT (Stertorian Voice)
ds y<jT<eeTq
b+d dsD # jT<<
jT~#H V#s + #s
|<+ d+>VD My$T <~+q~. & |<e TH
Xu kqeTT nqT nse TT $e+ |&q~. y# |<e T L& nse TTqT
#| =q e#TqT. > VeTTq n~s D
eTT (kqeTT) < dsyT q
VeTTqT s +#T y# |<e TT n s +&T $<e TTq nse TT\qT d+u$+#
e#TqT. y#se TTqT ds >y T q VeTTq |sjTeTH $wj
z$T V ` z$Tr<+ dsyT nH X yeTT \|sTdTq~.
|eD]dT+~.
y<yd HeTeTT# dT|d<T&q, u>eYw <bjTq us, ses
|Du $T H$s$ +q X d |sDVkyT q |$ kVeT+jT T
VeTTH |b~+#T #Tq< q y<q <s q |kqeTT qT<{+ jTTHsT.
n< VCk ` jT q VdeTT\ Hs+_+#TjT $wjT eTTq
|eDeTT.
23
leTHsjTDT& ><T sZ T e>, ||+ # |d< y T q q ^d `

nV+ X |]CqyT y<e TT\+{ eT<syT q , \ eTT> *jT<q<
` y<X ds ' nV yTe y< ' n~jT VCqeT, VeTT zyT``Y dY
n eTT$<e TT\T> s +|&q< L& |s D
eTTq+< ` z+ ~
sX' VDd$<' d' n |u~+H&T.
$wjT eTTqT X d |b~eTTq $wj +se TT\ deTq
sTT+ |]o*+q MT<, dsy<+eTT\ ||<yTq #seT>eTeTT
VyTqjTT, n~ |< qeTT> ` zyT`V`nVyT nqT eT&T |<e TT\#
s +|&qjTT dwe T>TqT. eT&T |<e TT ` |sTw ` ds `
q+< ` <V s ` Xs ` sd ` > ` e ` |De ` |< ` n ` `
dY ` ue ` s ` w ` >s ` jT ` d| ` |]XjT ` |C| `
s ` Y ` |Psy T ` TjT ` |sy T ` >jTjT+ ` # ` dT<s qyT
` yTT<q |<eTT\T L& zyT, eT]jTT VeTTq d++~+q
|sjT|<e TT\T> X, d~ |$ >+<e TT\# k+|<jTeTTq $>
eTTq |yX |&qy eeVseTT >#]+#T #Tq$.
;||+ #eTT (Bija World)

;eTq> eT+eT e]+#&q~. n~ HeTeTT jTT |s|eTT
L& e#TqT. |< |+# e$s$ +q~ HeTeTT\ jTT sT eT\s|eTT\
qT+&jT . |DeeTT, >jT nH&T s +&T |$ eT+eTT X dT\T
#se T deT\T> * jTTqe #| q# XseTT \T> eq<T.
z$Tr<yT ds yT, >jTr y <yT ds yT
z$Ts y T V ` nqTyeTT $wjT eTTqT |eD] +#T#Tq$.
HeTb<TseTT ( Origin of Nama or Name) : |<, ;
||+#eTT\T s+&+{ jTTjTT, y |sds beTTKeTT\ jTTjTT
b<TseeTT nq> |T d+ds deejTeTTqT+&jT qqT
nXj u<T. ns deejTeTT (Alphabet) HsjTDeTT,
eVXseTT n s +&T$<e TT\T.
HsjTDsdeejTeTT ` eseTT\T < nseTT\jTT
eTeTT> n ` ` # ` ` `|` jT ` X ` nqT ese TTs+ue TT>
>\ m$T~ eseZ TT\T> Tq$.
24
|PsM Te+k <s qyT
1. nesZ ` n, , , , , }, TT, T,
@, , z W, n+, n'
2. esZ ` , K, >, |T , v
3. #esZ ` #, #, , sa, x
4. esZ ` , s, &, &, D
5. esZ ` , <, <, <, q
6. |esZ ` |, |, , u, eT
7. jTesZ ` jT, s, \, e
8. XesZ ` X, w, d, V,
eVXss deejTeTTqT eTVXsT&T (e&T) bD eTV]
|<T H\T>T deTT\T> (& )H< s|eTT qqT>V +#qT. deTT\T `
1. n, , , DY 2) TT \T 3) @ z v 4) W #Y 5) V, jT, e, s,{
6) \ DY 7) x, eT v D qyT 8) sa u x 9) |T , &, <, wt 10) > & <X
11) K | # s < # y 12 ) | jYT, 13 ) X, w, d, sY 14) V
nqTq$.
HsjTD deejTeTTqT ns~ VsqeTT> d+u$d <
49 ese TT\T. ns~ sqeTT> >TDd 50 ese TT\T eksTT.
eVXs deTT\ esd+K 42> >D+#&q~. s+&T
deejTeTT\ eZs D
, drsD
eTT\qT, es eTeTTqT n+se TT
< u<eTT u>T> qTq|{, <+ eseTTq n`V\ keTeTT
uj
T keq <s eTT>, nq> s +&T deejTeTT\+<* deTVeT+jT T
n eT]jTT V nqT s +&s e TT\ eT< >e TT> |< +|&q<H sV d+
eTTK+> >V+#*. <+ eseTT\ eT<> eseTT\qT *|
deVseTT> d+u$+#& ysD
Xd+ b]uw+ (technial)>
|VseTT n+{sT. >, HsjTD, eVXs d+|<j\T s +&
eT eT esdeej\qT nV+ |Vs+>H |b~+qe
|+&s+ .
nVeT+f @$T{? y |k~++~. y<uw ~ dsHeTeTT (Pronoun).
25
ds HeTeTH~, ds `HeT nH s +&T |<e TT\ \sTT < deVseTT

(compund) n #| e#T. M ds Xe TT ds y nq> njTT (All)
nH ns ddT+ ~. HeT Xe TT |sT (Name)qT *jTCdT + ~.
d+u$d dsHeTXeTT n+{ |sT (Name of All) nH ns
dT]+|#d T + ~. y~ |]uw ds Xe TT VeTTqT, < >T q T u~dT + ~.
>, ds HeT|<+ VeTT < >T q T ddTq < ue+. <w
#d nV+ Xe TT VeTT, < >T q T |u~dT + < #| &+ =>
|+#<T .
nV+ XeTT VeTTqT u~+#&, b]uw+> #|+f,
Vy jTq& sD+, e\+ n~ ds HeT+ e&yT H? <T,
< Vy# eTT dV +>H #| &+~. ds HeT eeVs+ e\+
ysD
d+|<j |]$TyT q ~. VyTHqT nH eeVs+ y<+
Xd+ |d< + > |\T# |dT + ~. V<sD X ` $wj
` kVeTd> eeVsY, VyT Heue Y ` n dw+ > s +q~.
VeTT =\T<=\T $s{`< |C|> ne]+, eT+> eqy>
sb+~ y>|+ qqT nVeTd`HH jTTHqT < HqTHqT (I am)
` n |{ + #q. eq VeTT nVeTqT Xe TT# eeVseTT
qTq~. $<+ > $s$ +q V |sjTyTq nV+ nH yTT<{ e
(HeT) y#e TT (proper noun) n< X ||+ #+ yTT<{ ds HeT+
(pronoun) L& e&+ >=| $Xw+ . n+<T ||<e T+> q e eTTqT
n_e+ #d, >TsT>+;s ds+ qqT ` nV+ n |{ + #T=q VeTT
n< dseTT eTs\ n< Xe TTqT, kVeT ds HeTeTT> e T |sTw
e#q+> |{ + #&+ L& >eT+#< q $Xwy T .
~ |sTw&T> $s$ +q V qT e T |sTw e#q y#T>
u$+ nV+ Xe TT# H |{ + #TH&T? nVeT+f @$T{? n
d nVeTH~ nGVGyT (_+<Te) nH eT&T ese TT\ deVs+>
|dT + ~. d+d ysD
Xd d+|<jT+ |seTT nV ese TT\
|VseTT esd e ejTeTT\ 49 < 42 > |]>D+ |&q ns~
VsqeTTq ese TT\q+{ _+<T|Ps+> d+>V yTq b]uw
26
|PsM Te+k <s qyT
|<s |+ (Abbreviated form) b< eTTqT eVd >#]dT+ ~. e

VeTT jTT |s|yT q |C| q dsb eTTK+> Xs
esd e ejT dee+> >V + k]> < nq> qqT nVyT
nH Xu#sD+ |{ + #TH&. y~ d eTT yqT <jTTq
sVdeTT ( The mystery behind this Vedic Truth) d+|PseTT>
eT+Xde TT eHdsV deTTqT $e]+# d+<s + *jTCjT
&q~.
eT\sDeTT (Root cause) :` VQ$< |j >, |j qeTT\d+,
es deejT+ eseTT\T VQ$<eTT\T>, esZeTT\, deTT\
nH+ > |d] +qT >#]dTH , e X ||+ # eT+&|] u>+
y\T>=+<T#Tq d+e nseTT jTT |s|eTT\T eyT . d+e
nseTT jTT eTVeTTqT Xe ` nsy dsy dc d dsqkw
_s eH V HHsb n ]+ +~. lwu > y qT&T L& <
$wj ns DeTsd n s +<+> |{ + #&T. d+es|
eVeTT bDjT ysD
d+|<jTeTT jTT |]Cq+ |]o*d
#u> u<| & T T+~.
bDjT ysDeTT (Paninian Grammar) :` d+d uc X
||+ #eT+jT T, d+|Ps+ >, deT>+>, bDjT ysD + | + |&q~.
d+d uw @ jTT |<y T q qT bDjT ysD
eT+&\ |]~<{
eTqC\<T. eVXs deTT\ bs+_+|&q ysDXdeTT
n`n nH d+ d+eseTT jTT ~sT eTT>TdT+ ~. C>>
|]o*d n DY... n d+e ns+ Hs+_+q Xd+ , eTs\
n`n n d+e ns+ |]de|e TeT+~. |Ps+ #| q |Vs
d+|<jT+ deTqsTTd y~ yT q XC \eT+ esd e ejT
s|+, |< y |eD~ Xd s|+qT Vd |sD~ kV
s|+qT s +&T d+e nseTT\ | + > eTs\ n< d+e ns+
@u$ + VyT |dT+ < dw+ > \TdT+ ~. < $wj X
27
j y<< ds' b' y<H # |w'

d | qd jT' |sd eTVXs' n |{ d T + ~.
n`n ` nH n+eT d+ d+e nsyT T{jT d eTT, eTT
bDu yT deTd ksd eT+&|]u>+ |dTq < s +#&
y<X d eTs<qTkseTT> |qsey T dr]+|&q~. d+eyT q
nseTT, uc ||+ #eTTq eT\eTT <T, ;yTqqT $wjT eTT deTT
dw ] k+~. d+e nseTT ese (ns e )? ns y T <T ns
|s VeTTqT d+#T#Tq~. VeTT $XeTTq{ d++<e TTq<,
n{ d+<e TTH d+e nseTTq X ||+ #eTT& d++<e T L&
bDjT d d+$<qeTT ddT+ ~. VeTT dsq d qT+&
$XeTT #s#s bDT\ jTT d (stabity) sDu eT>T#Tq~.
n+q $Tq> d+e nseTT d+<+XeTT (|TsT) (an trustment
TT\ bDu yT #sD
to hold the objects safely) e ds ese
|w deTLsT#T <]+#T#Tq~. d+e ns| dVjTeTT<
uc+sZ esy T ~jTTqT dTdwe TT> |\T M\T |&< T . $<+ >
d+e nseTT, esdeejTeTT eseTT\{, y
deVs|eTT Hs&q XCsDeTTq+qT, y <{+
>eTeTTqT #sT X d ksd deTT<jTeTTq+ ;u yT q
eT\sDeT >V +q| & +XseTT \T>TqT. @yTq qT d eTT d yT
(Truth is TRUTH!) < $<e TT> VeTT VQs|eTT\T> $d] +q
$X\ $XeTTq+ eT\sDeTT> #| &q~.
_+<T$ds\Z T (Bindu and Visarga) : _+<Te eT]jTT $dsZ nqTq$

d+d uw n<T dueeTTqT |{ + # s +&T n#T\T. M d+eTT>
#]+#T k<eTT <T. M jTT#sDeTT ns |PseTT>H
k< eTeT+~. ns|P s+> | M d+ || b sTTH, $
s+&TqT nseTT jTT n+& (support) kV+ n<TyTq
|j H\qT k~ksTT. n$ | $T\ |<T \T> u$+|&HsTT.
nV+ nH|<+ C>> |]o*d ns`$dsZ`_+<T e\ \sTT>
|dT + ~. d+ueq nVyT nH~ eT+> V`| `$T\
deVs+> dT]dT+ ~.
28
|PsM Te+k <s qyT
d+U ||+ #+ (Number World)

d+U ||+#eTT, HeT ||+#eTT jTT k<sD dsb
*jTCdT + ~ eq ds y T q ~. d yTq ~ L&. ~ |<, s|eTT\
qqTd+<+# d+<jTeTT (Link) HeT d++<+ s| |u< \qT |{ +
y\& #jT &yT d+U||+ #| |j qeTT. d+>V +> d+K nH~
e nq> HeTs|eTT\ q&TeT qT+ y eT< >\ C eT]jTT
> < ssD d++<e TT\qT *jTCjT T |] dT+ < #| e#TqT.
y~ uw m+ sV d>] eT+f, < ||<e TT, <T |ese TT
L& | +> q<q k+K $\TeqT (Numerical Value) * +T+~.
| ese TTq q<q k+K $\Te H, = |<e TT\T = |
d+K\qT s +#$> +{sTT. ese TT\ d+K\ >\ d++<e TT
deTT\T> ` ~qe`{~qe j<c ` b~ |+# n s+|&q~.
d\T e\+ k+eTT <T (Not merely conventional) B
jTT ku$ (natural) eT]jTT yC (scientific) eTT\ sD+>,
$ # |<eTT\ |sjTeTTqT, nsd++~ $\Te\qT dT\ueTT>
>V +#& dV ]ksTT. d+d ese TT\, eT]jTT y d+K\ jTT
>|yTq XsqyT q sT d++<e TT sDeTTqH y~ yvjTeTT jTT
~e |XeTT dT\ue TT> s]+#&q~. |q #| q deTT\qT
\|sT d nH y~ dMTsD
eTT\T (Vedic Equations) >#]ksTT.
y~ kV, d+U ||+ #+ >\ n$Hue d++<e TT (Inseparable
<d |sjT|<+ > s +#&y T *jTCdT + ~.
relation) qT y< #+
y<+ #+ <d H |<+ d+K (Number)H ns+ > *jTCdT + <q $wjT +
Eq $E\+<] $~yT . y<+ |eT+eTTq q<q d+U
d++<y T q b<H (Numerical Importance) *jTCd <=
#+ <dT s +#&q~. eq y<+ Xd+ , d+U ||+ # d++~+q
sV k\qT nHw+#&e TH~ m+ beTTU d+]+#T+~. eq
eTq+ d+K\ d++~+q = k<sD $wj \qT y<q d<+eTT\
y>\ yC yT q deTqjTeTT (General Features of Numbers and
how the Doctrines of Vedanta corroborated by the Sciecne of
Numbers)
nH $wj \qT =~> eTT#{+#T+<+.
29
+ eTT+<T |]o\q eTq+ s U>D Xde TTq d++~+q

ds|eTT\T (figures) n e\+ ee TT jTT sb+se TT\T < s|
$| , | | e TT\H $wj $e]+#TH+. $<+ > s FjT>D Xd+
e+ q<q b<qeTTqT *jTTq~. d]>Z > zyT nH~ |< ||+ #+
q |u y |{ d T q ~. d+U ||+ #eTTq+<* d+K\+{ eT\sD
(;) u yT q d+KH= < <]+|>* q# eTq XjT eTT Hsy ] qf!
n|&T eTq | d+K jTT nq> d+U ||+ #eTT jTT ne>Vq
deT>eTT, dT\useTT neT+~. HjT<eTT ( Majestic)eT]jTT
eTVAqyT q d+U||+ #eTT (Numerical World) n+jT T { qT+&
=$T~ n+\T eT]jTT dTq\ jTT VQ$<e TTq d+j> dejq
ds|yT | ysT < #| |eD+se TT\qT #|qedse TT <T .
>D XdeTT >Dq nreTT> nq> +#Te\qT |&~>
nq+eTT (Infinity - ) nqT d+K d+u$+| &q~. B y<+eTT |s ,
n|s nH Vy# |<e TT\# ddT+ ~. |sy T ` nH |< d+d
uw |yTq d+d \<T. n~ eT&T*+>eTT\qT ` |s' n
|+*+>eTTqT, |s n d y#e TT>qT, |s+ n q|+d *+>eTTqT
eTT$<eTT\T> |j+# &+~. eT&T *+>eTT\qT |<eTTq
$Xwe TTq ns\ |j >+ |dT + ~. |+*vZ ]wy T q |s' nH |<+
| e qqT (yTqTqT) nVyT (HqT)> eeV]+#T |sT w *jTCdT + ~.
y< TTw\T B |De+> ]+ #sT . d* +>y#y T q |s Xe TTqT
nq+d+ K (Infinity - ) qT *jTCdT + ~. |sy T nH q|+d* vZyT
XsX e TTq d+ eTT> #| &q jT+s |yT q ee TT (circle)qT
*jTCdT + ~. n~ |ssyT q VeTTqT ddT+ ~. d+UyT q (Infinity) nq++ L& VeTTH s
dT+ < >V +#*.
|sTwX e TT :` y<+ qy qy ue CjTeq' n $s$ +q |sTw

qe' n qeX+ # ]+ +~. qe Xe TT jTT q|+d *+> y#e TT
qed+K (9) ddT+ ~. VyjT q sT qed+K |Dy L&
30
|PsM Te+k <s qyT
d+ yT . d y#' X' |De' n Xde TT. |sTw&T> ||<e TeTT>

q_ey T q VyT, qe' njTT, |sTw' njTT, nq+T&jTT (),
|De ds|&jTT, |C| njTT y~ eeVseTT |d< e TT. n{
|sTw&T qqT nVyT n d+u$+#T=H&T. nVyT ns Vs
eTseTT\ eT&T ese TT\THsTT. eTseTTqT _+<Te> u$d n$
eT&T n,V,+> <s q$TksTT. eT+d+ Uq+ eT&+{ 1, 8, 0 >
ddT+ ~. (>D X d+ 180 nee TT nq++> |d] +# |]De
1800\T> d+#&+ sV deTT (Mystery) <q >V +#*.) eq
nVeTq> 180. $<+ > nVeTH~ ns~ Vsq ess |eTT _+<Te
*d |PsyT HqT I nV+ n dds|+> u>yqT# djT+>
d]+#&q< seTT.
$<+ > @<cq s|yT q , nq> 1 yTT<\T 8 es >\ d+U
||+ #eTT _+<Te *d |Psy T |$yT q nV+ Xe TT ` (n ` (1), V
` (8)> sb+~q<, d+d esd e ejTeTT (Sanskrit Alphabet) eT]jTT
d+UXdj
T d+K\{ (The Whole Number World) <sjT+
oseTT (Fountain Head) > |dT + ~. $<e TT> nV+ Xe TT, es,
|<, d+U+> q<q |d~ | < >T]+| (significance)qT
* jTTq~. d+du w nV+seTH Xe TTq~. |DeeTT >H
nV+qT @es+ < @s + > u$d nV+seTT`|<e TT, ese TT\ s +&+{
\D eTT\qT *q~> |dT + ~. z+ s nV+s dsb\ ke
d+<]+# e#TqT.
z+seTTqT |<e TT> <]d n`èT nH esd + | + |dT + ~.
y<+XdeTT z+sy#T&q VeTTqT CjTeTT (cognizent) nq>
neXeTT >T]+| <q < *d=q e\dq |sTw&T, |ssT&T, |C|
|sjTeTT\T> d y#X ' |De' ` n z+s s ++~. <
@s + > u$d ` @yT y~rjT+ V n @ d+d (existance)
\ VeTTqT eyT s dT+ ~. z$Ts + V | < + d+>V D
31
|e ` z$TY nH yeTT $wjT + |eD\T. zyTqT |<+ >

u$d eT+d+ Uq+ nGGeT (1G3G5) n deVs+> qe (9) d+KqT
s|dT + ~. @s + > d+u$d eT+d+ Uq+ < nq++ (Infinity - )>
s dT+ ~. ~ z+s $wjT +.
<$<+ > nV+ Xu L& |<e s |u< e TT# s +&T <DeTT\
<]+#e#T. nVyTqT @|< + > <]d < k+K $\Te 180R1G8G0R
90 < 1G8R 9 < 18 es +> n+f ns + > d+u$d <
k+K $\Te 9 eyT . m |u$ +H T<~ Vy#y T ne+<H
$wj ` qy qy ue CjTeq' d y#' |De' nH X d
|eDeTT\T s|ksTT.
d+UqeTT jTT Xdj

T |kse TT (Development of the Numerical
Science) : nV+ jTT n<T d+Uq+ 180 nH~ mHH >D

Xde TTq d++~+q eT*eTTq b<$ T eTT\ H$w]+q<H
$wj =~> d]+#&e TH~ sT d+<s + n|dT y T MT <T. nc<X
d+K (18) usrjs d+Uq |kse TTq |se~ (extreme limit)>
s]+|&q~. ~ eTq+ # es eeVs+ <]dTH + ` <s H
=~> $Xw + #T+<+. eTq d+Uq |< Numerical Notion eT+> `
1. @ (T) 2. <X (|<T \T) 3. X (e+<\T) 4. dV d (y\T), 5.
njTT (|~y\T) 6. \ (\\ T) 7. |jT T (|~\\ T) 8. { (T) 9.
nsT< (|~T) 10. n 11. Ks 12.Ks 13. eTV|< 14. X+KT 15.
\~ 16. n+eTT 17. eT< eTT 18. |sse TT ` n @~ |ss+eTT>
<X> T D |kse TT# >T]+|& (with Tenfold Multiplicative significance)
{ sT y 17 dTq\T \~> s +|&q~. +{ sX e TT
>< T . |s (nq+eTT`)qT eTs\T { sT y eTT|{jT <T dTq\T
\~> #| < eTs\ @~ ncq 1 qT+& 8 es >\ n+\ |ks
XSHe~> d+>V+ < |sseT nq> |sd+K ()
+#T$T+#T> d>u >yT (Hemisphere of the Circle) n Xs+X
32
|PsM Te+k <s qyT
ns+XeTT> ~v sX e TT #jT &q~. $<+ >H \+D $T 90

yTT<\>T b<$ T eTT\qT d <]+|e#TqT.
d+U||+#$seeTT (Evolution of the Numerical World) :

d+U ||+#eTTq eT\eTT VyT ! VeTT < XsT
b<eTTqT eVdTq qe d+K (9) qT+&jT njT+\T d+K\T
$s$ +HjTq $wj X |b~ dsD
<]+# |jT
|dT + bs+_dT H +. VeTT XsT> n_ey T ` keTjT'
VQVk$T HqT VQs|eTT\T> |d]+ n_eeTT y\
d+*++~. Vy#y T q d+K (9) > #| H+. 1 qT+& 9 es
>\ n+\qT 9 # >TDd ( |jT qT VAsD
eT+{sT,) |DeeTT 9
eT]jTT nVyT (VeTT) 18 dsD
8 \ d+K s &TsTT. y
qT+& eTs\ eT*eTTq 8 n+\T ( 2 qT+& 9 ) d~k sTT. > |d+KjTT
q| u> e <|yT q qeeTT (9H) s|+#T q<q nd
|{+#T+Tq< yTq sVd+. B <VsD |<sq
|sd s+> s|+#e#TqT.
<VsD s +&H n+qT rd +<+. s +&T (2)qT s +&T T>
$Xw d 2 R 11 R 9G2. > s +&T yqT qTq d+K 9 n #| H=|qT.
H 3qT $Xw d 3 R 1,2 R 12, R 9G3. & L& eT&T yqT
9 |dT + ~.
n< $<+ > 4R1,3 R 13 R 9G4.
< dds D
n |< H+eTT\ e]+|Cd <]+#e#qT. ~
1 $wjT + L& s|+#&+~. 1R1,0 R 10 R 9G1 > 1 yqT
L& qe (V) e<s d+ ue TT> \ jTTq< ue+. $<+ >
d+U||+ # qed+K n+s$T> q&|d T q ~. B Je||+ #
deTqjT+ #d u> y qT&T ><T sZ T e> ^d #| q `
33
Xs' ds u H+ V<X s T q w
ueTjTH ds u jT+s& ejTj nH X MT d+<s +
| d<+ yUbjT+> eTq+ d+u$+#e#TqT.
dTq (Zero) : B XSH+eTT (cipher) n Xdj

T +> eeV]ksT .
B due+ s +&T $<\T> $Xw + |&+~. ~ XSqeTT nq> q<q
ndyT+ eeTT ~ (Absolute Nothing) n yTT<{ ueq.
+<qTe+{ deTyTq, eqH |+|<q (Negligible)
|]eD$\Te (Value of quantity) \~ n s +&e ueq. (|wT
eTTqT +> |b~dT+ ~. <VsD VeTTqT e]d eTT+<T<T ,
yqT <T , &y| <T m&eTy| <T , |q <T , +<< T n e]dT + ~.
ueqqT {{> $Xw d ` eTT+<T <+ f yqTqTq<H ns+ d~d T + ~.
u$db n+{ +& _& yT jTTq <H ns+ d~d T + ~.)
|w]uw yTT<{ ueqqT>TD+> XSqeTTq d\T $\Te<T
(Absolute Nothing) nq> < $\Te $TeTT, nq+eTT ()
n ueeTT. $wjT eTTqT a/o = .
keq |]uw L& (o/a=1). nq> XSH+eT L& (a
$\Te dTq) n s+| e#TqT.
|+ |< q n+ d eTyTq $\Te \<q s +&e |+ Xd+
nDsDTse TTwy T d eTTqT |]>Dq rd +f d eTeTT nq>
<q q$\Te b ejT < w . n~rjTyTq eTVeTT <
>=|qeT Xs|s + > yU+# e#TqT.
+ ueq\T s +& n$<|s+ > L& yU+| &HsTT.
n$< nH~ $T<CqyT (Absolute nothig). |se s CqeTT <c nd\T
eTVyT $T<CqeTT eq n~ |+ |< q~ Negligible n
n|eD+> d<+r]+# &q~.
34
|PsM Te+k <s qyT
# deTqjTeTT (Nice Harmony) : eTq$T+es s U, |<, ;,

d+U ||+ #eTT\ y<+Xd eT\ yC +> $Xw + (By
Syntific Analysis) $y+#TH+. n{ y<+Xd eT\eTT
d<+|s e TT> s|+#&q+<Tq n$ |sd s _qdueeTT\T ejTT,
\ k<q s +#&q _q_q eseZ TT\jTT >V +#*. y
eT< >\ # deTqjTeTT |{ > <]<+.
.d+.
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
8.
9.
s U||+ #eTT
ee TT, deT\+
e +<eTT( . )
_+<Te ( . )
ds s K
de+sd s s K\T
DeTT
deTuVQ
uT eTT
deT#T sdeTT
\+#TsdeTT(Rhombus)
10. Bse e TT (Ellipse)

11.
12.
13.
14.
15.
16.
17.
18.
19.
20. X+e(cone)
21. |]~
d+U||+ #eTT
nq+eTT ()
=$T~ (9)
XSqeTT, dTq (0)
{ (1)
s +&T (2)
eT&T (3)
|< ||+ #eTT

|se TT`V
n|s` Xs
n$<X
>TD
;||+ #eTT
z+, d+e nseTT
z+, $e nseTT
_+<Te (0)
>TD
d``s
=$T~ (9)
|H+&T (12)
|H +&T (12)
|
ejT
n$<
V+
V+
V+
m$T~ (8)
{ (1)
s +&T (2)
eT&T (3)
H\T>T (4)
<T 5)
sT (6)
@&T (7)
m$T~ (8)
=$T~ (9)
nq+eTT ()
nq+eTT ()
u `XeTT
XeTT
yjTTe
n
|dT \T (\eTT)
|~
zw<T \T
nqeTT
s dT
|sTw&T
V
esD
V
jT
s
e
\
nVyT
zyT
35
dMTsD eTT\T (Equations) :

1. zyT nqTq~ ` 9, 12,18,19 \qT ddT+ ~.
2. jT+ ` # ` s ` |sTw ` e ` ~ ` | ` nVyT ` >s
q+< ` Xs ` sd ` > ` |< ` n ` u e ` s ` w ` jT
` |]XjT ` TjT ` e qed+K (9)qT dksTT.
3. V ` |C| ` $XyT ` ds yT ` <V s ` d| $ 18 dksTT.
4. Y, Y ` Je ` <e ` ` 12qT dksTT.
|<, ; d+K\ |sd s d++< +~ $<+ > <]+# e#TqT.
esTdd+ K |<e TT
;eTT
d+K
1. y<e TT
|DeeTT, >jT 9`24
2. sejTD+
w& ] `>jT
6 (+&\T) `
24000 (X\T)
3. us+
nVyT`|sy T
18 (|s eTT\T) `
1,25000 ( X\T)
4. u>e+
<<X]`nVyT 12 d+<\T
18000 X\T
5. ^
nVyT db]
18 n<j\T
700 X\T
|d+VseTT (Conclusion) : sU, |<, ;, d+U ||+#eTT\qT
<>sZ > |]o*+q# nejTT eTT XXeTT |se TT |Pse TT VeTT>
]+ #&T#Tq jTT eT\ sDeTT qT+& eTeTT> ee TT, d+e
nseTT, |DeeTT, nq+eTT ()\T> $s$ +qe *jTTqT. eT]jTT
deT\eTT| qTq |r s Fj, <q , TTD $\Te\ |&q|&T
~ qq s|eTT\qT b+<TT+~. | d+K deVs,
VAsD, $u^sD\ eT\+> qH~\qT d+]+#T+T+~.
_+<Te jTT #se T $d |]~ ee TT. _+<Te jTT #se T $d Final
TT < nq+eT u$d, ee TT jTT d d+e Final
evolution ee
involution _+<Te < <jTT d |]~ n #| e#TqT. y<+
36
|PsM Te+k <s qyT
|s+ > d+u$d sD VeTTqT |Pse TT nq+eTT nsTTqf ss|yT q

>T L & |Pse TT nq+eTT\#H s +| &T#Tq~. > sD (V)
yT s (V)yTq ><|eTTq H$s$ +q< ks+XeTT. The objective
Poornam is the effect of Subjective Poornam. sD VeTTqT Micro
Cosm (Je&T) >qT sVeTTqT >TqT Macro Cosm >qT
eeV]+#T+f n$ s +& |Ps VeTT jTT |Ps |b<e TTq
\TdT+ ~. >T Je&T, VD |DDe TT\T Macro Cosm & Micro
+& eTT d eTTHq |Ps eTTqT k~+qsTTq n$ s +&
Cosm s
|Pse TT *d @yT b sTT. < |Pse TT \sTTkjT ue+. eTsTD yT
|Psy T T{>H uddT + ~. $wj X e |se T |$yT q X+
eT++> `
|Pse T<' |Ps$ T<+ |Ps s eTT<#
|Psd |Pse <jT |Psy T yew n m\T> #{+~.
Je&T >T |DD VDeTT\T s +&T |Ps+ \sTT+ |Pse TT>
|]D$Td nqTueeTT |PsqTueeTT. jq+<eTT XXyTq
Vq+<qTue eTT. #se T | X ` V$< V eue Vy
VyT nsTTb&T ~eyTq XXqTu sXj q+<qTue s|+
nqTu$ + que q+<d s|yT nsTTb& |\ X> |< dT+ ~.
eq |PsM Te+k $#sD dsT \ ds < b<jT yTq < |+&se TT.
n+<T\ |PsM Te+k yUq $Xw D MT $<e TT> bs+_+# &q~.
V]' z+ Y ` Xu+ ujY.
37
4.|PsMTe+k<sqyT
dey T
(Dlb<T)
yUdyT eTT
eT\+
X
jTdes+ |<; d+U s UeTjT+ $XeTq+ u< +

<V |PD9+ |se T~rjT+ $Cqeq+< |T q+ qe$T
VK\T d<q+<<j|sCq XSHHeT $< |]* Hq<9
d+\ d+ksy<9 +ue TeDH+ y<$ sT<_ w \Tw+' sD H+
HHeTT~Bsj d\y<+ keTsd |b<HjT |ed ue
$eTX9d |PD9 MTe+k<XH qd <e~eT+ d+ `
lb<TyK : >+<< eTvZ eTeX+ seyT ` nqT Xde #qeTT
qqTd]+ ><T sZ T e\T sT >+<s+u X+ eT <s q |b<yTq
VeTTH qeTdj, edT s X |se TT> |dT +#T #THsT.
nqjTeTT : jTdH nq+u< + |<; d+UsUeTjT+ $X+ $es+ Y
|Ps+ , |s+ , n~rjT+, $Cq+, q+<|T q+ Vqe$T.
||<se TT : jTdH ` <jT+<T nq+u< + ` nbsyT q u< ||> \
|<; d+UsU eTjT+ ` |<, ;d+U sUyTq $X+ `
||+ #eT+jT T, $es+ ` <su yT q n< edTe jTT sb+se TT>
qTq< Y ` $<e TT> HXjT u yT q ~jTT |Ps+ ` d+|Psy T q ~jTT
(q qT> |]|Psy T q edTe q @ edTe Hq qT qeTT #d =qTqT)
|s+ ` deTyTq ~jTT (nq> q+ qT <XedTC eTT e\qT+&Tq~jTT)
n~rjT+ ` qT | ys={ ~jTT, (nq> ds eTT HjT q~jTT)
$Cq+ ` Xdu <q # *d=q<q~jTT (ds Xk>e T y< yTq ~jTT <
y<X d Cq ds|yT q ~jTT n L& nse TTqT u$+# e#TqT) q+<|T q+
` k+<q+< ds|yT q V ` VeTTqT qe$T ` dswe TT>
d+u$+ n+* |T {+#T #THqT.
38
|PsM Te+k <s qyT
yK : y\ }V\ n+< $wjT eTTqT u~+#& < <]+|

#jT T Xde TT = |< T \qT f\JdtqT nqTd]dT+ ~. XU#+<
HjTeTTe+{ u<H |< T \ H={. #+<T ds|, dueeTT\qT
#| | e TT> T~ <]+| #jT T k< eTT<T eq H= |<X e TTq
\ nqTq #T=eT\ q&TeT> deTjT+ |dT q #+<T qT
#, yqTy+H XK|q < <XeqeTTq eX K\ q&TeT
|+#T#Tq esT qTq edTy #+<_+eT CdT yq wq
#| XU#+<HjT eTq&TT+~.
n<$<+ > |dT |PsM Te+k <s q |b<yTq VeTT jTT
ds| dueeTT\qT, ds XKsT\T, |se T>TsTe\THq ><T sZ T l Dq+<
usr e+#seTVk$T ysT |dT >+<s+u Xe TT, XU #+<
HjTeTT qqTd]+ <]+| #dT H sT.
< Vqe$T ` VeTTqT qeTd]+#T #THqT. nH~ |< q
yeTT. qe$T nH~ qeTd jT q_ee TT #d e T |sTw e#qeTT>
|jT Ty T q |<e TT. n_e qeTdjT. nq> e n~ &e HqT n\T&qT
nH ueqqT *jTCd n+ d+|{ sD s|yT q H= eTT< |<s qeTT.
n+* |<s qeTT <s e\ qT<|<s qeTT# eTq yUeT\eTTq
VeTTqT |b~dTq <DeT] |eT]> >TsTeT] VyT
CdT e\+<s @ b<jT eT s| \D sX e TTqT #jT T#THs
seTTqT >V +#*. Y ` VeTTqT n < sX e TT XU#+<T
e q&T#Tq, nq> nqTue >#sy T q n_ej
T VeT *jTCjT T
#TqT >V +#*. >+<s+u Xe TT oseTd j edT s X qsy T
jTT+&\ d+|<jT+. Xe TT < Vqe$T n qeTd j s|+>
|dTH, B |b< edT sX+ L& dw+> \eTT #ksT
l Db<T\T..
n+<T |w<T << jT<jT<+ > >#]dT+ ~. d<e kyT<eT>
dY ` nd<e kyT<eT>dY ` n X >sD u yT q VeTTqT
39
d<d <|eTT\ dY n qT s dT+ ~. d<|eTT (Existance

nqTue d<y T q $wjT +. nd<|eTT jTT d+ue e? nq> d+ue yT
q+T+~ Xde TT. m>+f ` q~ nq_e d q >V +#\+T+~.
m>T+fH+ ! n_ey T q VeTT q ` VQs|q T b+<\
d+*++~. HH$< HeTsb\ $X\ $X+> |d] + n+<T
nqTeDTe +& _& yT \bsTT+~. nq> VeTT ><|eTT>
|]D$T+q< ueeTT. |]D$T+q< #| &s # sDyTq VeTTq
seTT q+^]+# e\d edT+ ~. n+|&T n+ d s|+
nq_e d qTq V, sD VeT C><|+> ud+# VeTT
sVeT e|<X + d~d T + ~. $<+ > sD edTe ss|+>
|]D$T+#&+ $esq eT+{sT. VeTT jTT $esy T >T < ||+ #eTH
e nse TTqT d+u$+#*. ds ` $es+ |<; d+U s U+
> H\T>T ||+ #eTT\T> VeTTq+<T uddT + ~. +{ ||+ # |u< \
H+{HH VeTT \sTTksTT. n+<T n~ nq+eTT, |se TT, |Pse TT,
n~rjTeTT n #| &+~. k+<q+< ds|yT q <, @e+ $<y T q
Ww eTTqT d+u$d n+* |T {dT H q ss+ .
``
><TZsTe\T DeTTq |PsMTe+k <sqeTTqT bs_+|
ue#THseT ds+u uweTTqT |b~+#T #THsT.
>+< yTe]d+ m+<T yjT&T#Tq<H $wj ysT ` |dT e TT
d<q+< ds|yTq n<jT |sVeTT jTT n|s CqeTTqT
Xe eTT>Hq T jTiT>ys, nH~> d+b|+ q n$<# |]*+|&q,
nHHe TTq nqse TT\# *yT q d+ks deTT<eTT |& =T$T{&T #T,
y<$ sT<e TTq n<s jTTeTTq ]\# eT*qyTq n+'sD |e\ ,
Bq qT\qT sT D qT<] +|>], d\ y<+ keTsks |b<qeTTq
jTT<$T+, ueH$eTsHeTT> s+#T |PsM Te+k <s qeTTqT `
><T sZ T eT|<X e TT> `
40
|PsM Te+k <s qyT
4(i)|<eVeTT
n<' |Ps Ck
n bs+_+#T#THsT.
d+ 1 n<' |PsCk
e' n<X q+s<9 ' q<9 ' |PD9 Ckj' BqY
y<< < jTqkuj
T sD Hq+s |j uy< jT<q+s+
|Ps Ck < e yT # edT$ y' VeTT<9 |\ u>$s>'
Xe~ d+|Y eTTeTT +# w VdT |PD9 Cs T + X <X u q
sTk <q #T wj
T d+|q+s eTT|~X. nX u Vs jTk<<@e,
< < V, ~X, nVABHeT |\ + < |Pse T<, ~X
|Ps$ <' |Ps + <X9jT, k<< k<q #T wj
T d+| q+s+
|Ps Ck ue r, |Ps Cd |Psd Cde|Psd s +,
ns D ww, qXw jT<| Xw ww |]>V| |Psd s ej, < |
ks eTT|s+ s + \jTes' |j dkY < #sT
k<q #T wj
T d+| q+s+ nV' |Ps Ck ue r ue |<<Vs D
d+ jjT+
qqT + D9+ jTdCks eTT# nV
~ |PsM Te+k <s qeTTq bs+u deTT.
TTw |D e T>T Xd >+<e TTqT <s qeTT ` n d\ eTT> s+|
e#TqT. TTw`> nqT > s <Te qT+& TTw Xe TT wqeTT.
eq TTw jTq> >' ` y[qy&T nH ns+ d~d T + ~. q<q |X #
eTqq q ksTT #] q qT+& <]+q e+>[eTTq $Xq
deTT\qT (Universal Truths), qT>V + dsT\T ]+#\
|<+# >TsTeT] TTw Xy#T&T. y] jTT|<XeTT <sqeTT
nq&TT+~. n{ TTw <w n+{sT. $<y T q <w\ e #+~q
><T sZ T eq l Dq+< usr e+#s eTVk$TysT, eTTeTT eq
CdT e\ qqT>V +#T =s sT |PsM Te+k <s qeTTq ds y<qkseTTqT
d+>V eTT> ds |+ |< +HsT. deTq> ns e TT\
nqs s#q ` jT \D
eTT #| H=|qT.
41
ns eTd+~>+ kse ~XeTTKyT

nkue Tqe<+# d+ d $< $<T'
` n Xd sT\T d \D
s+#sT . C>> sT \D

|]o*d ds# q `
1.n e ns e TT\ +&*.
2.< |eD $wjT + d+Xj e+&L &<T .
3.|b< $wjT kseT+ < #| &*.
4.n~ d<+yT | |Ps |e TTq neX$T#~ s<T.
$<y T q ds \D
\ e TTq deTT\ |PsM Te+k <s qeTT
yC yT q |D[ s+|&q~. B 5 VeTT\THsTT. nVeTq>
~qeT nseTT. sE XeDeTqqeTT\ s|eTTq n<jTq
n<|qeTT\ j>eT>T s+|&q+<Tq +<* n<jT
$uqeTTq VeTT\ HeTsDeTT #jT&q~. ~ uws#H
d+|<jTeTT. |+* eTV] ` q eTVuweTTqT VeTT\T>H
s+HsT.
uw d+|<j nqTd]d, ds|eTT e nq>
\|T TyUqeTTqTL& |s , eTV$wj nq |s D $u>+
s+#&q @ eT<Z+<eTT |PsMTe+djT d+XjTeTT>
s +<eTT> #| e#TqT.
d+ n<` n' |Ps Ck n eT&T |<\THsTT. eTT+<T>
n< ` nH |<s >T]+ \TdT+<+. >+<< eT+>e TeX+ se +
nH d+|<jqqTd]+ |b<yTq VeTTqT edTsX >]+>
k$TysT qT+q yq+ #|H+. ds+u+ L& ysT
d+|<j # > b{d n< X+ bs+u dHs+_ksT . <=
$Xw+ . n<X + |De deT+> ||<e T+> V>] eTTK+ qT+& y\Te&+~.
z+sX< XX <y VD' |s
+s+ _ $s kH+>[ e u
z+s+bT> n<X e TT L& q qT> V>] +se TTqT
42
|PsM Te+k <s qyT
u~ +#T y\Te&+~ eq s +&T Xe TT\T (|<e TT\T) eT+> s y T q $>

d+|<jT $<T\# >V +|& Xks+ u+ |dT +| &T#THsTT.
$<eTT>H ><TZsTe\# ds+ueTT e+>[yTq n< XeTT#
>$+|&q< >V +#*.
n<X u |s+ > |dT eTjTT, q+s y#+ > |eT n
s +&se TT\THsTT. |dT |s D + q+ssH >V +#* se TTqT
<T ` n n<X ' q+ss' ` qs' n dw+ > *jTCksT
k$TysT.
n<X u q+ss #| H+. > n< ` nq> |eT <
sT y n ns+ d~d T + ~. ~ eTs\ k|e TT nq> ys= ns+se TTqT
n|d T + ~. sT y nq>H <sT y ! n d+XjT eTT \T> | <T.
BH n| n+{sT. B de<q+> XdeTs<qqTd]+ `
k<q #T wj
T d+|<q T nqTue |Ps+> >V +q |eT n e, k<q
#T wj
`
1. edT$ ye TT
2. VeTT | u> $s>eTT
3. Xe~ w d+|<
4. eTTeTT eTT ` n $e]ksT . >,
n<X u ` k<q #T wj
T d+| b+~q sT y ` n ns+
#| y*.
sT y |<+ n' ` nH~. ~ Vs|b <y T q |<+ . k<q
#T wj
T d+|< d~ dH |Ps Cd k< eTT+<H ns ` nX + dw+
#dT + < >V +#*.
d+ &| { < q eT&e|<+ |Ps Ck Ck n+f CT $T#
nH e #| +f \TdTy\H reyTq |q < y+#j
T d\ +>
ns+ #| e#T. y<q Xd d+|<jT+ |<+ Ck |<d
$#s \D nH |]uw |dT + ~. >, d+<s + Ck Xe TTq
$#sD`de#q n ns #| y\ >V +#*. eTTUse TTq
u< @s&q|&T |j q d~ d+ ns+se TTqT, s|+ u$+#
|jT qT \D
n+{sT.
43
# $#sD |Ps Cd >T]+ #jT &TTq< >V +#*. |Psd

Ck ` |Ps Ck n e #| +f ` & |PsX u s ww $u
Xwww ` n ww se TTqT #| +& \D
e qqTd]+ s D ww n
s +#&q sse TTH \se TT> >V +#*. sse TT L&, |Ps
Xe TTq kse? |s s e? nH MTe+d |s s yTq
d<+#d , +> e<|j d |&T q ue nH |<e TTqT n<Vs+>
n+f |]|Ps+ > n<q+> #T +f `
sT k<q #T wj
T d+| q+s+ `
n V' |Ps Ck ue n ds+ |s eddT + ~. > `
edT$yeTT, VeTT |\u> $s>eTT, Xe~ wd+|,
eTTeTT eTT nH k<q #T wj
T d+| \_+q| &< e\q |Ps Cd
V$#sD s) (ue ) \T>TT+< |+&se TTqT >V +#*.
|+ ` |Ps Cd jTqH$T? < ss $ej
T T bd>T T+<H
X+\ de<q+> s +&e d $T |< +| &T#Tq~ `
d+ 2 jT#DeT~cq+
e' #D eT~cq+ #\ H~cq+ jT s $TqTw, #D
u |s~u< q ~<, u |sD uT , e, B|T 9, eB, yTsT|ksD
>B u |s#D eT~cq+ \$T keq >D Xd s|
eT| yTsT|ks #~cq+ qs|+ . n |<] |Psd T u |s~u<
_q d\ #~cq d#HjT jT#D $T VQe#q eTTb+
<# d\ #~cq+ |Psd d\D $T ue'
d\ #~cqd |Ps\ D $XwD Cq $<j
#CqkeX
q #+ e\j
T .
+s+? jTd Cks+ # ` |dT $#sD+
s eTT sDu yT |PsX e TT# s +|&q VeTT jTT sX MT
deTT |<] +| &TTq~.
44
|PsM Te+k <s qyT
+<T ` jTY #D+ n~cqyT n eT&T |<e TT\Tq$. @~

#eTT\ ~c qy! n y#se TT. ~ L& k|y T ! n~ |Pse TT nH
nse TT q|+ |Ps eTTqT b+<TqT. > jTY #D eT~cqyT
sy T nq> @~ #eTT\~c qy n~ |Pse TT n ns+ d~d T + ~.
#eTT\, #\ qeTTq H~ jT~cqy n~ |Pse T #s
k$TysT ` #DeT~cq+ # \H~cq+ # jT s ` eT
yU+ < >D X d |s+ > \eTH X+ # b]uw+ > dksT .
\$T keq >D Xd s|y T nH~ y] eD. n+f ~|]eD
(Two Dimensional) s U#eTTq , uT , #T sd, e, Bse <T \T
u |kseTT\T> keq+> d+|&H, d+ #D+ n
VQe#q sX+ e\, ><T\T, yTsT|kseTT\T |]eD (eT&T
=\\T\) (Three Dimensonal) #eTT\T L& |PsX |]~ ekjT
d+#&q~. $wj djT+> ys e>+<+ ` n |<]
|Psd T u |s~ u< _ q d\ #~cq d#HjT jT#D$T
VQe#q eTTby T n |b~dH ` d\ #~cq+ |Psd d
\D $T ue' ` nq> VyjT q |Ps yT ds #eTT\, nq>
jT+eTT\{ n~cqeT d<qe TT.
& eTq+ >eT+# e\dq $wjT yTT{ jTTq~. |Ps eTTq
d\ #~cqeT #| q~ d \D
yT deT>yT q s#q+ <T.
VeTTqT >] `
~~jT #| +> >\eTT >
V$T~jT #| +> e\qT |&< T
d eTT CqeT q+eTsTTq
<~jT V+T y\+<<~ jT ` n #TsT. eqH lysT
#~cq+T |Psd d \D $T ue' ` n X\$Hs >V +#*.
```
ne] : d\ #~cq eT |Pse TTq d \D eTT #| q k$TysT
#\D
sX e TTq |$Td eTT+<T> d\ sb *jTCksT .
45
d+ 3 uee++ s Us|+
e' uee++ s Us|+# jT# $T<9' ued e++ s U@q

s|+ jTd e uee+ d s Us| + #\D $T|* +,
s<9 s Uj+ #c< #y| ysDjT $XwD $Xw j sTuj

sTb<q+, nd | jT+ $T HeT
qqT uee+ d #\D |T |Psu e e++ $T X+
j eV
d+ k$TysT #\D d\+> s+&T \DeTT\
sksT . n$ ` uee+ eTT s Uds|eTT nH$. $ s +&
# eTTqT s|+# ueT usTdT+{$. <={ d+|Pse TT\T.
Xde Ts< $wj k$TysT ` uee+ d s Us| +
#\D yT ` n |b~ksT . s +&T \D \ < #| H \D eTT
n y| < ny| <weTT\ se TT+~. uede+ + ` ueeTTqT
|{ + #T \D
eTT \~ s Us|eTT. uee+eTT nH \D + +f
|^\ Vy#j
T + \qe\d edT+ ~. n> <HjT T+ s +&e<q
s Uds|eTTqT eyT $e d uee+eTTq #w\ |Psd #j
T +
d+e TT\T e\d edT+ ~. $<+ > \D <jT deTyT q uee+
s Us|yT #\D +> >V +#\ ><T sZ |<X + > >V +#*.
```
ne] : |+ uee+ s Udsb\T mH q$. ne |Pse TT,
d<q+<|T qeTTHq VeTTqT dkj ? n~ d+ue e? +{
d+XjT eTT\T \T>& MjT+& yqTy+H |Ps uee+yT q
#eTTqT ee TT> s ksT k$TysT.
d+ 4 ~ es|yT
e' Y |Pse ++ es |+ ey T y <9' V' |d< , nsH<

jT+D+ u> e s| e+ d~ <HjT V qeT|Psd
es | c+s | D eTeX', jT< ~rjT d d\ #~cq+
|Ps $TT+ , d sejTe $T~ X sejTed< ed d\
46
|PsM Te+k <s qyT
#+sZ ejT# <<+ <Ts $T #Y #, >D X d

yTsT|ks #DeT~cq k s| | u |s# DeT~cq+ s|y T e,
k< X u |s #~cqd d< q <X|] u>k\d s|
Y Cd H eT+ |s jT d sT+<r HjTq |Psk | es |
\H u< ue', |]u>d \ $T d+C, jT<T|]u>k\ eT~+ y
s| eT|d< $ Tj+ |jY, sesD |<X eT~sT V ds
# w |k] <y|~y d+~s b e\js #q eqd s qT
u jT, <X u eXs | |]~|] yw k |]u>d es<s |
eT<9d<$ T q|< >T+ , @ < y|] u> q $Cj~
qqT ~ es | $T dD |Psd es | ed |]~HeT
s U|]e <Xs | q CH|j+ $XwD u s UCq keX q
eTT. Y nq> VyjT q
|Pse TT, es |yT eseTT> V ` |d< e TT n nse TT. Y |Pse ++
es |+ V e@ y s' ` n eyeTT. nq> |Pse TT es |yT q
ueeTT. |d~ d+# V Xe TT jT+eTT\ u> e s| e+ eTTqT
*jTCdT + ~.
|Pse TTq ed sbq+^]+q |+ =|Ps|e TT\T \jT
neXeTTq~. m>+f ` d+ |Pse TT d\ #~cqeT s +&e
d+ #| &q~. < sjT e X#, sejTe+ d~+ +~.
n+|&T d\#+syTq eeTTq kejTeyT
sejTeyT <TsTT+< |Ps|+ . < de<q+> k$TysT
>DXd+ u|s#eTT\ n~cq+ ~|]eDs|+ ( Two
dimentional form) s|+#&q~. ~ Xd |d<
y T q $wjT +.
$<e TT> ds eqyT |d< y T q e|] u>eTT n+ d\yTq ~
eq >DeTT>, d sT+<r HjTeTT# |Pse TTq CdT e\ dT\ue TT>
$wjTeTTqT u~+#T=s eT&e |]eDeTTqT (3rd dimention)
|]>D+ |j
T ~|]eDeTT (2nd dimentional)> \s|eTT ee TTH
ds|eTT> >V +s seTT> >V +#*.
47
dT$X\yTq sesD |<X e TTq qT#|yT s |+# ~v+&

<]+#|&T u eX d+j>eTT ~|] ~> esT\ +> >#]+#&+
dsT \ nqTue >#sy T q $wjT yT. u eXeTT\ d+j>eTT e\eTT
<> e T (Optical illusion) eyT . n #q esT seTT e\eTT
eqdy T q nqTue q s U s|eT>T ey T . eTTq jTqTue eTT
<]+# u eXeTT\ \sTT jT<se TT <T. nsTTqqT < ee TT>
~v+&\eTT ~eTT n eeV]+#T#TH jTTHeTT.
nT\H ee TT jT<se TT> qejT$jT qqT |Psy jT nK+&yT q
VeTTqT s +#T |rjT q< seTT.
ee TT jTT s#q+ | |eTT e&q~.

A
B
900
900
ne] : ee TT kejT$ nq> nejTeeTT\T *q< eTT+<T #|

H+. e s U>D + nq+ uT C\T \ VQuT > s|++~.
>, < |]~ #&& @s U+> |dT H , < jT<s dsbe>
s UD |]Cq+# dT\ue TeT+< $wj |dT d + <s
|b~ksT l k$TysT.
d+ 5 s UD keek
e' s UD+ DH+# j keekde s U <9 , s UD keek

s| s UCH C ]eC qk| d+uy < X ey T e |Ps$ T ue'
jT<| eyT e sU|]e $Te<X <| <X esU eTq+
TTEsU deTws b eTd+UjT DjTT+# >D Xd $<e<+ < #
ek q+s U D |]e | c+ keek|q < Hd
ue'
qHe |Psd s|+ \ D + #_< jT Cd H eT+ |sjT
d sT+<r HjTq e s| + |]*+, s #D+ #~+
< $TX+j eV
48
|PsM Te+k <s qyT
~ @|< d+. sUD+ DH+#j keek n $>V

y >V + < de s U n n<Vs+ #dT y*. |+ `
s K\, DeTT\ keed @~ \< n~jT s KjTjTT, < *d=q&+
<s |]~s | |]eC q+ * ey T |Pse TH ue+ \T>TT+~.
sUD keek s|s UCH ]e Cq k| d+ue Y <Xey T e
|Ps$ T ue' n e |e#q+.
e |]~ es U |dT H >D X d+ < nq+
TTEsK\ jTT nd+UjT DeTT\ deTw ds|+> $Xw + $e]++~.
eqH k$TysT ` ed nq+s U D |e | c+ keek
|q < Hd ue' ee TT nq+ s UDeTT\ deTw> |]eyT
jTTq+<Tq j s KD DeTT\ keed s K\T, DeTT\T
ee TT\T> ud+#T< ueeTT.
k$Ty] y~ <s d+Je j+>y Uq+ $wjT + yeV]
+> uw >D Xd |]uw sTT $e]+|&+~.
s K D keek nH deTd| < + s K, D, keed\ H eT&T
|<e TT\THsTT. s K ` n+f ds s K, DeTq> n~ _+<Te e< (ys=
s U+se TT#) Hs sT#T DeTT, keed ` nq> s +{jT T nq_e
d (unmanifested state) n s+| &q~. e| ] ~ < |]s K N
uT eTT\T DeTT\T \ VQuT > }V+|&+~. u$d ee TTq
|]s K# |]$T+|&q jTyTq , N uT eTT\T \ VQuT >
s +&T$<e TT\T> d+u$+#&+~.
nq+yT q $X ueq d+<]+# deTjT+ ~vD\+ =\T
ns> +> (Hemisphere)> >#]dT+ ~. ~ XsT |r. |Ps VeTT
k< \ Vsy T q H= s|+ <]+# &T +T+~. C
VeTTq s|eTT > HeTeTT> <T nsTTH k<\T k<H
k\u+deT HeTs|sVyTq VeTTq HeTs|eTT\qT
d+u$dTH sT. $wjT +
n+k|yT jTd w\d <q'
k< H+ VsjT VD s|\ H n #| &+~.
49
$<+ >H |Ps VeTTq |rjT q ee TTq VeTTq nq+>T D

*eTTqT d+u$+qT>H nq+ uT eTT\qT DeTT\qT $$<e TTq
T\qT d+u$+#&+ ]+~. Vy d+K qed+K> eTT+<T
$e]+#TH+. n<$<+> sU>D+ eeTT (N) uTeTT\qT
VQuT jTT |ks <]d >qT N $\Te 1 nsTTq# j s U
(_) s +&T nsTT DeTT (<), eT&T nsTTq# deTuVQ uT eTT,
4 nsTTq# #TsdeTT yTT<q jTs|eTT\T (Lateral figures).
kss |+ d+u$+#&q VeTT XsT&q&&T. n |r
ee TT. ~e s |yT n< deTT.
ne] : +es nsTT<T deTT\ |Pse TT jTT ds| \D <T\qT
d sT+<r HjTeTT# qT|< +q #sT\ysT se TTq #<T\
<T\qT $e]+#& |$TdTH sT.
d+ 6 e s eeVs e++ deT uT yT

e' e s seeVse++ deTde eVs|j > k<
H_e++ deTuT+ de'jT' uTC' sUsb' jTdeT
uT +<K+ # eTTq $T<9 ', q Xu< Vs D d+ jjT+.
n k<H DTTE s _+<e' deTuT yTeDXuq Xde eVjT
d eT s dT{u $ w
qqT euT eTTq $THq ed uT Cb<q eT_V +
# +|se DH$T ys+u s| eT | ]e |]D$Ts|
eVAd<VDe $es $TX+j eV
eY ` ds eeVs s++ ` deTuT yT n |<$ u>+. |Ps\D
\ y T q ee TT qT+&, deTd eeVss| j>k<H e+yT q , deTuVQ
uT eTT qyTq ~ ueeTT. & qeTH |< n<Vs+ #dT y*.
<s nse TTjTT d+|Psy T q ne>Vq/u< \T>TT+< u$+#*.
deqyTq TTEsU DeTT\# H$s$ +q deTD+ < deTuVQ
uT + eyT $e e T >V +#*.
50
|PsM Te+k <s qyT
ne] : ee TT qT+& ds eeVs_ e+eTT> deTuVQ uT

eTTqyTq < |PsdeTT\ #| &q~. #| &+ e\q ee TTq
uT eTTq b<q sDeTH ns+ d~d T + ~. nsTT sDeTT
|se DTe\ s+u eTT e+{<? | e |]D$T s|e?
VeTT jTT $ese TT e+{<? n eT&T $<e TTq d+Xj \T *>
neXeTTq~. d+XjT jT eTTq de<q+> ` +~ @|<
d k$TysT |b~ksT .
d+ 7 n<kY
e' < #DTuy Hs+ud Ldq |]D$Td #d+ue'
|s+ <k <VD e$es + d+ue rue' q q<d keT>uy
<e T<d' < V X'<+ s $T sqT ue q d+ks
|e<wd \|w D~H $XcCH |eD<wd H> >~s|
$wjT <wd # d eT^d< e T ||< | X< e D<dkeT>
uysd s$sT< <s XjT #<kue #q. n|<d kqTu jT
eqq q|Ps| eX' jT< e s] ~v+& < X d s<jT
eT< e]H ekeX | TTE eTqTu jT < ~ue'
qq<k ~T+ jTeT<kHyT V
lb<T : ee TTqT deTuVQ uT eTT> d+u$+#&+ s+uy <+
<s< T . sD+ ` nDT+ <T eq ` n nDTuyHs+u d
Ld q |]D$Td nd+ue ' ` n s+uy <d\ T ksyT <T
beT+{sT l Db<T\T.
|dT + n<kY n+f n<d e\ $es y<H n+^]+#\H~
y] d<++. VeTT jTT $esy T sT <XeqyTq ||+ #eT+ n
m u$dTH y e$ es deTuVQ uT C<H VQuT eTT\ ueq
L& que+.
& eTs |Ps|+ n+f K+&q $T |b~+# &+~. n<d
e\ < MT$esy <eTT |b~+|&TTq~. nd\<d keT ks+
~& n+|&T n<kY n n<deT\yTq $esy<yT
|eDeTeT+<H~ |X .
51
+ Xs u+qT nq> eTT| |qT # <jTT

H> > (>>&T dueeTT) <><> (<> < > &T dueeTT#) y+&jT H
u+ |e $wjT + d+u$ +#& eXeTTq~. $T<CH
n<d n Xdj
T yTq eeVs+.
|dT $wjT + ysT . $X<y T q ee TTq+<T DeTTqT
n< ed+#T= u$ T+#& ksyT <T . <>< , H> >eTT\H yTsT|
due+ sD+> X (eTT||) jT+<T s u+ \T>TTq~.
|sd s $sT< <s XjT eTTq e D\ $wjT + $<y T q keTyT$TjTT
q+<Tq Xdj
T +> #| +f n<d sD keT q+<Tq n<d
eT\yT q ue TeXyT < |Ps|+ ds|+.
B K+&d lk$TysT ` nd <dd nqTu jTeqq q
|Ps|k eX' e #| q~ yT. n<d keT +f n<kqTue +
+f ee TTq D $esd + ueq <s< T . & n<kqTue eTT
dwe TT> <]+#&TTq~. esT s+> q~ ~vD <]dTq |&T
<|qT s+&T _+<Ts|eTTq s<jT eT<e] eeTTqT
d+u$+#|&T e TTEyT nqTue eTTq edT+ ~. s<jT
_+<T |<e TTqT TTEsU+>H d+u$keTT | e <w u$+#+.
esT\ eTT $<y T q se (TTE) d+ueqeTT n<dVTe <
n<d keTjT >V +#*. { n<d |dT + |dT y T
n|dT + < ks+X+.
...
ne] : n<d jTT d+ueqT d<+r]+q sT y <

dsb sksT >TsT<e\T.
d+ 8 |s |seud'
e' |s e|sd D<' neud' s|' n<d<9'

n<kV~$<' s<d' sD<dX . s<dd $T< d
kY Cq es + \D +. n$XwD yX #uy $XcyX eT<<
kyX +< #y| s$XwD $XcD+ j D eT|b<q+.
52
|PsM Te+k <s qyT
sD<dd T <c~jT q+ \D+. njT eTqT>eT'

edT$weT<d keq\D+ yw+ k~sD $w kuy
~s D ee ud d++<q . n~s D y w +# ke#< <Xeq
ke#< eq uj
T d++<H
uT Cq+s dwe k.
d+ |s , |seud' n s +&T |<\THsTT. n<d' nH

|< d+|Ps+ > | d+ qT+& n<Vs+ #dT nqsTT+#Ty*.
> |s ` e, |seud' ` |sd neud', |sd D<squd'
n<d ds' .
|sy T q e<T \jT+<T |se TTq D<T\ jTT neud nq>
s|eTT n<d n d\ +> s+#Te#T. edTe q+<T ys=
d< X ed + <s eTT\qT s|+ ##T e\q *> ue TqT n<d>
u$+#e#TqT.
n<d s<djT , sD<djT s +&T $<\T. $T<Cq+
e\ kY Cq+ e]+#&+ s<d. <c~jT q+ sD<d
\D
+. X s u+, sE ds u+ <VsDeTT\T.
edTe q+<T ys= edT <s eTT\qT s|+ <]+#&+ e\ *>
u+ n<d> #| H+. X s u+ Xj
T +<T s <s eTT
s|+# &TT+~. seTT s|eTT. nq> s|+#& edTe . X
n~cqeTT. <jT+<T ed +s <s es|+# &TT+< n~ n~cq
eTq&TT+< >V +#*.
53
s|edT <s eTT\T n~cqeTTq+<T udkjT | < d+$T+#e.

<VsD n~cqyTq X < eTT| |jT+<T s <s eTT uddT + <
| < d+$T+#<T . > sE ds u+ eT\yT q n<d n~cq+
sEe &T. &TjT+<T ds \D eTT neud+ ds u+ \T>TT+<
| &T ds \D
eTT\T \~ C\<T. &T ds \D
\T jT<s+ >
d+$T+#e ue+.
Vd\ ucHs+_d lX+sT\T eTT+<T> n<d
d++<y T q $#sDqT ` n<d n+f @$T bs+_ksT . sD<dqT
ysT ` d s|' |s |Ps<ceud' ` n sksT . |dT deTT
#s k$TysT L& < $wj d]>Z ye\ |b~ksT.
Xj
T +<T seTTqT, sEe q+<T ds s|+#T= u+ b+<&e T
ue+. $<y T q s|DsD+> s +&+{ u< >V +# be&eTT e\
*> ue T n<d n #| &q~. edTe jTT |Ps djT bsTTq#
u+ d\ T kseTT+&~ <T. s Cq+ >, ds Cq+ >
+f n~cqeTTq X, sEe \jT+<T s, ds eTT\ u+ \T>H
\T><T . n<d\ edTe jTT|Psd sDeT>T#Tq~ eq ~
sD<d <VsDeTT\T.
es+u+ H #sk$TysT s<dqT ` s <dd
$T<d kY Cq es + \D yT ` n sksT . ~ uw+
nd +d <T~] y#eT nH n<d\D
<>sZ > < d+e~d
|dT + ~.
njT eTe>eT' ` n+f & $wj >V +#\+
eT&Te\ eTTsTT+|> n<d $#sD eTTksT .
1. edT $w eT<d keq \D yT. nq> edTe q+<T ed +s
<s es|+#& nq< ud+#&e TT n<d keq \D
eT nse TT.
2. y w + ` d n~s D $w kuy~ sD eeud d++<q
y w eTT nq<eudeTT n~cqeTTq+<T, dueeTTq <T\T kueeTT
(ys= ed +s< s eTT) ud+#T.
54
|PsM Te+k <s qyT
3. n~cq d++~jT q n~s D

y w eTT edTe q d++~+q
<X eqyT |udd +T+~.
|dT+ n<deT\yTq dsD sD+> e|]~ nH
uT DeTT\ d+ue @s&T#Tq< |+&s+ >V +#*.
ne] : deTuVQ uT eTTqT+& nq+s U ||+ #d w nsTT<T d
(9 qT+& 13) $e]+| &T#Tq~.
d+ 9 uTC +# HD Hu'
|+#eTVD u \#D
e' uTCHeT#Y |+#HD |+# deTuTC u'
|+#eTVD u \# DCjT+ <9'
qqT u C<e T\ #D eTT ]X+ j eV
uTeTT qT+& |+#H\T, |+#H\ qT+& |+# eTV
DeTT\T, yqT+& $T> #eTT\T $s$ +HjT ueeTT. &
uT eTq> deTuVQ uT eTH ns >V +#*. deTuVQ uT eTT
qT+& |+#H \T nsTT<T deTuVQ uT eTT\ s|+ $s$ +#sTT.
y qT+& nsTT<T eTVD\T ` deT~uVQ uT eTT (Isoceles
Triangle), 2. $weT uVQ uT eTT (The Scalene), 3. \+D uT eTT
(The Rightangled Triange) 4. n~ D uT eTT (The obtuse angled
Triangle) 5. n\D uT eTT (The Acute angled Triangle)@s&HsTT.
y qT+& $T*q j T s U e TT\T ( Lateral Figures)
#T sTeTT\T (Quadrilateral), |+#uT C\T (pentagon), w&T C\T (Hexagon) yTT<q
$ @s&HsTT. n dse TT. > `
ne] : deTuVQ uT eTT qT+& #\ m @s&HjTH d+XjT +

d>
T eTw \>&+ dV +. < e]+|#j
T &+ deT sT y
deTT |b~+# &T#Tq~.
d+ 10 <Y
55
e' |]De~<9' |]De \#DeTT<X 9H ~ue'

|]D$T+ #b<q_eT edT dde T d d <e k $Xws | +
$es ysDjT d++, |Td +T|]D$T ysDjT $Xw+,
>DXd < |<dueTD |suT|>e ~
qqT uT C< <\ #D eTT e|d< + X+V
< Xu eTT+<T |]DeTeTH ns #| |]DeTeTT e\qH
d\ #eTT\T $s$ kjT < < |]DeT\D ` |]D$T+#
b<q_eT edTd deTd d, <e k $Xws | eT |]w]ksT .
+<T |<q_eT edTd deTd eTT, <e k $Xws | eT
s+&T <eTT\T (|\DeTT\T) HsTT. \D <ks
#sT\ysT $es ysDsyT |<eT d+<eTT |TeTTq +T
|]D$T ysDsy T nq> nqeTTq Hb<jT eTTqT y]+#&+ d+
s +&e <k s $e]d s +& eT\+ >D Xd+ <| <
ue TD|sy T q ns $e+ #&y T q $Xw k sT . >D X d <| < d ue TD
|s uT |>e ~ ` nH~ y] +s.
$wj =~> $e]+#T+<+ ` >D Xd+ <| <
ue TDeTse T #| H+. ue TD+ <q (Positive) TTD (Negetive)
|u< \# $ks (Evolution) d+#eTT (Involution) dT\qT dd
eeV]+| &TTq~. M eTq+ $d ue TDeTTH (Positive revolu +X+.
tion) $wjT +> $y+#T+{eTT. < eTq & |dT
<<+ eTq+ deTuVQ uT ue TD >V d n~ eTq
eTs\ s +&T |s\T> d+ueqT ddT+ ~. ue TDeTT ne TT
(Axis) <s+> k~+|&TT+~. n_+<Te (Axis point)>
uT eTT @D _+<TeHH >V +#e#TqT.
|<e T ue TD+ n_ +<Te> >V +q _+<T> uT eTT qe TT>
>V + uT eTTqT deT>eTT> | $wjT +> >V +#*.
56
|PsM Te+k <s qyT
s +&e |s+ n_ +<T DeTTqT #d @ uT eTTHH |&+

$wjT +> >V +#&*.
s+&T $<e TTq $ks ue TDeTT\ eTs\ eTq+ s U>D +
eTT+<T #| q s FjT \ qT~+#&+ d+ deTuVQ uT eTT
jTT s FjT |]ue TDeTTH nq> s +&e |sH XsTTk+.
s FjT C$T d<+e |eD] +#\+f (To bear the tes TT < ue TDeTT
timony to the law of geometrical continuity) eTq+ <e
jTT s +&e |sH dMT+ #Ty*.
$wj k<VsD+> 5 $<\T> sTT $Xw + #Te#T.
|<e T$Xw D (Ist Experssion) :
1. 1e + #|qT> ABC nH
deTuVQ uT C \+q+ #d =, C +<+>
CA ns
KqT ABC, ACB D\ deq+> ACD
D+ #d |qT> u$d, CA ds s K CD
eTT 1
> |]D$T+, A _+<Te D _+<Te> kH+s
#\qeTTqT b+<TT+~.
AC K+&d BD _+<Te\qT \T|> eTq = $wj\T
|]o\HseTTq $ >#]ksTT.
1. BEC ` \+DeTT (900) (Right Angle)
2. ABC ` n\DeTT (Acute angle) (<90 ) 900\q e
DeTT
3. BCD ` n~
DeTT (Obtuse Angle) (>90 ) 900\ q me
DeTT
0
eTT 2
57
BEC
` BEC \+D uT eTT (Right angle triangle)

ABC ` ABC n\D uT eTT (Acute angled triangle)
BCD ` BCD n~
D uT eTT (Obtuse angled triangles)
B,D _+<Te\qT \T| ^dq ds
s K sD+> DeTT\T
uT eTT\T @s&jT >V +#*. s +&T _+<Te\qT \T| n<q+>
^dq n<T\qT dw+ +< >V +#*.
2.|&T A,D _+<Te\qT \T|
ys= dssKqT ^d eTs n<T+
>#]dT+ ~. n~ ABCD nH dT+<sy T q
d e + s d e TuV Q # T s T eTT.
m<Ts<TsT Dq ABC ADC\T
s +&T deqeTT\T (600) n\ DeTT\T
eTT 3
BAD, BCD DeTT\T
deqeTT\T (1200) n~ DeTT\T
$<y T q s FjT s+dt (Rhombus) n+{sT.
~rjT $Xw D ` |j >eTT (Second Experiment) :
3e eTTqT jT<<+ >
u $d H C +< + > CD
ABC D+ deq+>
+& | CD jTT $| +
CF neT+~. C,F * |
eT]jTT n<Ty T q $wjT + BC
ds s K jTT Bs D eTT (Prolongation ) CF n BF
eTT 4
B d s s K Prolonged
~.
straight line njTT \TdT+
n+<T, uT eTT u uT eTT (Base line)| s uT eTT\ $| e TT\T
u uT |]eDeTTqT |d] +| #ksTT nH $wjT eTe> eTT+~.
58
|PsM Te+k <s qyT
ds ! |&T D,F _+<Te\qT \T|>, ABFD de+s ~uVQ

#T sTeTT @s&TT+~. B >D X d+ f| jT+ (Trapezium) n
eeV]ksT . (eTT 4)
sT y f| jT+ m<T{ D_+<Te\qT \T| AF s KqT
^j*. B e\q = @~jT d+u$ +#<T .
rjT $Xw D ` |j >eTT (Third Experiment) :
4e eTT CF s KqT |PseTTe C +<eTT> 600 +&TqT
+<T> |q# F jTT $| _+<Te G @s&TqT. CF jTT $| e TT
CG n>Tq ueeTT.
BG, GF\qT \T|> ABGF nH #T sTeTT (Bs#
T sdeTT); eT]jTT
ABGFD nqT |+#uT (Pentagon) @s&TqT. sT y ` DG\qT \T|eqT.
= s|yT $TjTT >#]+|<T .
H\Ze $Xw D ` |j >eTT (Fourth Experiment) :
CGqT |PseTTe jT<|seTT> 600\ DeTT #jT TqT $|
e TT
#jT > H $| _+<Te @s&TT+~. BH, HG\qT *|q# ADFGHB
w&T (Hexagon) @s&TT+~. (+`5)
|eT AH, HF\qT \T|eqT. = yT $TjTT |+#<T .
n<Te TT> CH jTT $| e TT CB> #|TqT. es> 6e ue TDeTT
CA q bs+ud
e#TqT. nq> ] q dkqeTT Hu $ +#TqT.
< s|e T>Tq ueeTT. + $T+ = s FjT eTT s &TqeXeTT
< *jTTqT.
eTT 5
59
|+#eT $Xw D ` |j >eTT (Fifth Experiment) :

|&T CA jTT $| _+<T
|<eTTqT #T\^ *|q# CA
ykse TT> C +<eTT> ADFGHB\
>T+& #]+#T |]sK (|]~)> >\
|]ey T s&TqT. (+ 6) ~ ee TT
+<eTTqT+& m+< seTTHq qT
deqeTT> |j D+#T _+<T |<e TTq
d+ eTH& |]uw \D eT>T#Tq~.
eTT 6
$<eTT> | $XwDeTT\qT
d e Tq sTT+q# d e TuV Q
uT eTT, q DuT eTT\ d+jTTe TT <seTT> <e TTq+~ (u$ T+)
q|&T eTqeTT |]o*+q s FjT eTT\T d+>V +|e#TqT.
n$ ` 1. ds s K (Straight Line)
2. uT eTT\T (Triangles)
3. #T sTeTT\T (Quadriletarals)
4. |+#uT (Pentagon)
5. w&T (Hexagon)
6. ee TT (Circle) n #| H=|qT.
d <]+q# s|eTT\ uTeTT jTT d+jTT
s|eTT\T>H |ksTT. > s FjT s|eTT\jTT deTuVQ uT eTT
jTT s| |s|eTT (Super imposed forms) nsTT eTs\ |]ee TT
(circum circle) |s ed+#T#Tq$. ~ s
FjT eT |sesq eTT geo T q deT>yT q d s| d<+eTT.
metrical continuity. ~ d+|Psy
ne] :- <e TTe\q deTd #eTT\ j$seeTT #| &q~.

$ks d+#eTT\T (Evolution and Involutin) mfs &T#TqeqT d+XjT eTTqT
|]w]+#T |dT deTT |k$+|&T#Tq~.
60
|PsM Te+k <s qyT
d+ 11 deTqjY
e' deTd >DXd deTqjT jTeD uTC< <\
# <XH ~<9'
qq<d d\ #< d+# $k <$ T X+j eV
ne] :` $<yTq sFjT >D d<+eTT jTT $w

}VeeTT>, sTy *jT&q |]CqeTT <T.
|b<qeT+jT T >D |]CqeTTH dwe TT> >$+#&q<H $wjT +
dbjT+> *jTCjT &T#Tq~. deTuVQ uT eTT (Equiletaral
Trinagle) jTT <eTT < |]ueTDeTT#H n\ #<qeTT
deTqjTeTT e\q |<] +|e#TqH $wj deTT |u~dT q ~.
$wj e>+<e TT y+ <s k$TysT deTd >D X d
deTqjT j eD uT C<<\ # |<s H~s' n |b~ksT .
~ >+;sy T q |b<q. deTd >D X d |]CqeTT\ nk<sD
|uX*jT q >TsT<e\ $<y T q |Cy |b<qeTT #*q ~.
$wj jT<eT >TsT<e\ nqT>V eTT $y+#T+<+ ` jT<sy T q
$wjT eTTqT d<+r]+#& k|| y T q , Xd deTyT q #d beDy T q
$#sD Xdj
T +> deTqjTeTT (#jT T) n b]uw+ > eeV]ksT .
deTqjY d+ deTqjT XM T jTs+ H |j +#&q<
>V +#*. Xd <w |]o*d >D e TT jTT eT* |b<qeTT\T
(Elements of geometric laws) eTq | d T $#s D y H eTT
(Backbone)> \TksTT.
>D
E
sT |$e uT <s qeTT Xd sD q
|#<qqT *+q~. deTuVQ uT eTTqT <jTT uT eTT
ne TT>>= s FjT uT eTTH<seTT> $e]+q 31 |keq\T ds s K\T,
uT eTT\ #+~q mHH $wj \qT *jTCksTT. 33 qT+& 45 es
#jT&q |b<q\ de+s #TsTeTT\T uTeTT\
d++~+q $wj \T #]+#&HsTT. 46e |b<q eT]jTT ~rjT
61
>+<e TT 14 |b<q\T #T sdeTT\T, Bs# T sdeTT\ d++~+q

$wj \T #]+#&HsTT. sT y eT&T, H\T>T >+< $u>\ ys
$wjT eTT\ d++<e TT < d+> (concurrence) *jTCjT &q~.
H\T>e >+<eTT eT w&T Hexagon\ jTT sDeTT
+#T$T+#T> $#sD |Pss TTqT>H u$+|e#TqT.
@\qq >D XdE
& T q |b<qqT deTuVQ uT sD
$y#q eTT (Discussion of the constructin of the Equilateral Trinagle)
bs+_+, $ks eT+ (as regular Evolution) eT w&T ]
eTT+#&+ (conclusion with the construction of Regular Hexagon)
< e]<q ds s UyT q eTT> (Rectilinial Figure) |s=q&+,
< $d Evolution d++~+q #se (Last Figure) > H\T>e
>+<e TT $#sD (Discussion) |Pss TTq $wj *jTCdT + ~. es>
$#sDqT eTTd |+#<X u T e] |b<q>qT, eTs\ eT]jTT |sjTeTT
deTuVQ uT y c |b~+#&+ >D ||+ #eTT e >TDeTT\
bXk ddT+ ~.
sT y<q 5 qT+& 10 es >\ >+<e TT nH ;>D , n+>D ,
|Tq$T (Algebraic, Arithematic, Solid geometrical) $wj\
d++~+q $y#q >$+|&q~.
deTqjTeT+jT T eTq+ |PsdeTT $y+#Tq <e TT
< deTuT uT $esqeTT < ueTD+ deT>+> d+e~d
deTqsTTdT+ ~. <+ <q |]ue TD eyT >V +#\ eTT+<T
#| q $wj d+<s + d]+#Ty*.
>
+ <\ $esD 'EUCLIDELEMENTS' $. nqT+<e TT n$ <=sT yud { e&+~.
62
|PsM Te+k <s qyT
d+ 12 H|#j
|#j
T #DyT
e' q`< D, #D+ D~ u< _ H H+ |#j
|#j
T ue
Xw' <X $d d+# u< ~$<' $k <Td +# jT
$y'
q s #D $Te |Psd s|d ek| $dd+ # +
qk $T V
q ` |#j
|#j
T ` #DyT n |< $u>eTT. |#j
|#j
T
n <+< dedeTT $e+ #&q+<Tq d+|Pse TT> d+ue ' nH |<
n<Vs+ #dT = ` q #D+ | #j |#j
T d+ue ' ` n nqjT+
#| y*. |+ ` q ` nq> jTT<e TT < ue TDeTT#
#D+ ` #eTT\ |#j
|#j
T eTT\T nq> $ks d+#eTT\T d+u
$kjT H ns+ d~d T + ~.
<e TT, <H , TTD (Positive and Negative) |u< \#
s +&T $<e TT\T> |e]d +T+< #| H+. <H <+ e\ $kse TT
(Evolution), TTD<+
e\ d+#eTT (Involution) d+u$ kjT ueeTT.
eT]=~> d<w |]o*d <H<eTTe\ (By positive
revolution) +q $kse
TT (Evolution) sD+>, s FjT eTT
VQeTTFq+> (compound figure)> |d] dT+ <, n> TTD<+
e\ VQeTTFqyTq eTT d \~> d+#eTTqT
b+<TTq< \TdT+ ~.
> sT rjT \ $ks d+#\ <y T |< q sDeT
|+&se TT.
ne] :- ee TTL& s FjT $T d++~+q yT
eq ~ L& <e TT jTT |u eeTT# |u $yT q $ks d+#eTT\qT
b+<eqH ueq \>&+ dV +. dV yTq d>
T eTw *>
ueH $wjT + d]jT q |]cseTTqT sT VeTTjTT &| { d+
dksT l Dq+< <\T.
63
d+ 13 qT cDd cDd
e' cDd ` DsV d , $dd+ # ` e~j
T , qd Xw'
< # jT DsV + q k< yb ed H< \+ |\$
q'~sT sV |] deb '
q`T`cDd`cDd n |< $u>eTT. d+eTTq+<*
cDd nH |<e TTjTT ~sT < ~se VeTT jTT |]de|
*jTCdT + ~. ~ Xd d+|<jT+.
q`T cDd nH |< j |Ps deTTqT+& |#j
|#j
T d'
nH |<e TT\qT n<Vs+ #dT = nqsTT+#T+f ` qT cDd |
#j |#j
T d' nH y+ d~d T + ~. cDd n+f DsV yT q ee TTq
|#j
|#j
T eTT\T, nq> d+# $kse TT\T d+u$ +#e n nse TT.
DjTTyT q |& D _+<Te eT]jTT DsKqT ne TT> #d =q
<H < TTDyT q <e TT, < |u e+e\ |#j
|#j
T eTT\T
($ks d+#eTT\T` Evolution and Involution) d+u$ ksTT.
|s V ds| s|y T q ee TT cDeTT. B DyT <T
eq DsKjT q ne TT q\yT q <e TT eTTq |#j
|
#jT eTT\ d+ue eXyT <T . eq < |u eeTT ee TT| qT+&<
ks+XeTT.
|<eVeTT de|eTT.
64
|PsM Te+k <s qyT
4(ii) ~rjVeTT
l|Ps MTe+k<X9H de ~r jV bs+u'
e : |<e T b<+ jT#DeT~cqyT nH s +&e d+
|Ps V |b<y T q ee TT |Psu ee+eT |Psy T ds #eTT\
n~cqeT |b~+|& $Xw D
|Ps+> $e]+q ds |dT y T q
~rjV+ ` _+<<T\ d\ # sD #| q =+<] eTeTTqT
|Ps|+ > s + sdk sT .
|Ps V e+yT q ee TT >D X d |b~eTTq jT s U
eTT\+{ <su yT q n~cqeTH $wj , < sD+> deTuT
uT D s U<]yT q ue TDeTTe\q ds $<e TTq uT , #T sT,
de+s #T sTC<Tq nHH s Us |eTT\ $ks d+#eTT\T
(Evolution and Involutions) nH $wj
eTq+ $e]+#TH+. ee TT
DsU\+q+> <e TTqT b+<C\< eq n~ $ks d+#eTT\
|]~ s< d<+r]+#&+ L& ]+~.
, B $sT<+ > ` _+<Te (Point), s K (Line), \eTT (Plane)
nH eT&T eT* $wj @$<y T q s U$seeTTqH sDeTT
jTH eTs d<++ $&s + > u$ T+|# d~ (Queer and confusive)
$s$ ++~. Be\q mesH u$ T+ =+<s| & sj
\qT (Hasty
Fj \ 1. _+<Te sDeTT 2. ds s K\T sDeTT
conclusions) s
3. \eTT sDeTT n rd=H neXeTTq~. |]o*d $ sD
udeTTq \TdT+ ~.
_+<TeqT < H eT\sD+> >V +#\+f < <$T+ >
s|+ #|+# b&e, y&\ T, mT, |]~, |]eD (Magnitude)|eD+
(Unit) +&*. + s
FjT >D X dy T _+<TeqT nq+ ykse TT\
+<eTT Centre at which thousand radii meet B s FjT eTT\
$sy eT\sDeTq&+ n$#] seTDjTeTT nssVeTT
(rigmorale) neT+~. ds
`
65
s +&e<q s U $wjT +, eT&e<q \eTT $wjT + | +>

sd+ |qeds+ <T . sD+ $ s +& _+<T eT\eTT. s K ~X
#*+# _+<T |<y T | ysT <T. _+<Te~c qyT \eTT (Plane). >
_+<T (Point) sK (Line) \eTT (Plane) sUeTT\ $sy
eT\sDeTT\H y<eTT (Contradiction)qT < d+ue\qT VT<+ >
d <seTT\ s|+#& ~rjVeTT |b~+|&T#Tq~.
ne] '- _+<T sDy< n&+ > K+&+#~ (Diametrically
Antagonestic)> |P >TsT<e\T bs+u d |b~ksT .
d+ 1 _+<T ] #H j>Y
e' |<e T b<jT #D eT~cq $THq d\ #~cq+ |Ps$ TT+ ,
d y| ~<s ' |b~ ue +, @e+ d _+<BH+ d\ # sD+
e<+ c+ qqT|qd sd T + ~rjV esu
e~+<TsD y< eTT|qd sd
d\ # ||+ # k<q$HXj sqTue d< q <X ||+ #+
| sD \jT _+<se sD+ + qk < Xwd sT eTX ~
X+ ' _+<T]' sd , H nj> ~ d\ # sD
qV9 ~<9 ', < V, _+<T sD y~H _+<' s Uku du T +
XTsT $T eTTs#' q d+># , _+< ]w]eDq
s UBH+ d|] eD |]eDVTd w]qD d <T| + ,
jT<HjT w]eDd d|] eD VT $Tj V 9 s sD
uek jT s u ds e<s ~ <wDq <w jT+
_+<TsDy<
qqT _+< ]w]eDeT d\# sD d+uy|
Hj
sTT~_]e |]eD eT+^d \ #sD+ H$ T X+j
eV
d\ # ||+#eT+ $HXeTT\T nqTued<+>
|dT q +<Tq y s sDeTT\T n+^]+ rs*. |+ _+<TeqT
sD+> >V +#*. mq ` _+<Te qT+& s K\T, y qT+& uT C<T\T...
66
|PsM Te+k <s qyT
sD keT }V+#Ty* nH _+<T sD y< deT\+>

s*+#\H d+\+ k$Ty d |< +#sT .
_+<T' ` `#`Y q`nj>Y n |< $u>eTT. > ~
|+#|~ . n+f +<T nsTT<T |<e TT\THjT ue+. yTT<{ eT&T
|<\T *d _+<T]#Y nH~ |Ps|+ . q`nH~ K+&q |<+ . nj>Y
nH~ VT|sd syT q |]cs+.
B $e]+#Ty*. s FjT eTT\ _+<Te sDeTq&+
<s<T. m+<T+f _+<Te |]eDeTH~ <T. sU<T\
d|] DeTeTT\T. n+f, =\Te<q eqe. |]eDjTTeTTq s U<T\
|]eDsV yT q _+<Teq sDj> <T . { (< nj>Y
nH |<e TTqs+ ) _+<Te sD+ < d<++.
<+&! w]DeTeTTq d|]eD VT VeTTq
>sDeTTe n+^]+#e#Tq e eT+ ` n+{sy. nB <s< T .
VeTT> >T > w]eD\T < |]eD sV eTT\T e. n$
n|]q |]DeTeTT\T n+f ++e =\Te X eTTe ueeTT. eq
MTsT #|q <cqe TT d]jT q~ <T.
b! MT |y T H n+^]<e n+f nB <s< T . |+ ssD
ueeTT njTeTT n+f jT < jTeTeTT <T+~. n+^]d
n{qT+& n $s$+#e#T nH eT]jTT nd+>y<+ \jT
neXeTTq~. eq _+<TsD y<+ dTseTT |<+{sT #s k$T.
jT<HjT`w]eDd |]eD VT$T jY ` ],
ssD ued njT Y ` ds u ds |<sH ` <wDq
<wjT+ _+<TsD y<' nH~ y] +s. ~ Xdu w ly]
d<++.
B eTq uw n+f yeV]+> $e]+#Te#T. _+<TeqT
s FjT >D X d+ nd |]eD+ \ #T (Point)# sksT.
n+>D
+ < Cipher (dTq) XSH+eTT (Zero) > eeV]ksT .
uc|s+ > < nqTkseT sksT . @ |]uw m #H
67
_+<Te q q<q nd eTT>, keTs eTT> (Individual status or

\TdT+ ~.
Potency) <
s U>D X d+ _+<Teq |]eDeTT Magnitude #| <s< T .
n+>D + dTq (Cipher) XSqeTT < n+ d eTeTT (Neg <
ligible infinitesimal) |]>Dq #| &q~. uw _+<T|PsyT q
_+<T|se TTq ese TT\ ks , keTs eTT (Potency) #| &q~.
@ <D+ #H _+<Teq XSqyT nqTue |PsyT q \D
+
|dT + ~. > _+<Te |]eDsV yT q ~ (Non Magnitude) XSqeTT
(Nothing-Zero) ndeTsy T q ~ (Impotent) nq> q<q q qeTT~ n
s]+#&q~. s U<T\T +<T _qeTT> |]eDeTT (Magnitude) ++
< {< H & Shape and Potency \qT *jTTq$. > s||] eD
keTs sV yT q _+<Teq s||] eD keTs jTTe TTq s U<T\
jTT sDeTT <s KeTT> eeVs d<y T q sj
T eTT d~d T + ~.
BH l k$TysT |<e TT n<Te TT>
nj>Y! n s ksT . ><T sZ T eT|<X + +T+~.
~ Xdu w! d|] uw!
68
|PsM Te+k <s qyT
<y D |X e <ed d+j>qTu jT qTw<Xd . < # _+<

]w]eDq |sd s d+j >uysD+ q d+ue r ue' q#skqT
u j T eq q b< X eT| q \ y# +, < d
jT<X + < $T HjTH d<k | sD+s Ckj
eTqek <e de +# d+j>+ | s D' sDq sDu +
s \jT+, | sD Ckj eT<w $T#eT<w ew+
dsD eVAd~+<Tw+ H<', e~s D j' ssD uyd+uy Y,
q~rjT', n<wd _+<T w uy b <qT||H jT es+uy <'
n~+ T u<sjTD<X9 H <e>+e+, >+< $ds uj
HV ||+ ++
qqT eks+u + _+<]ess + + qb~X+j eV
d+ nDTY ` # ` n s +&T |<\THsTT. # nH~
deTT#js u< y T q nejTeTT. # ` n+f L& (also) n ns+ .
_+<TsDy< sdd bs+ud + nj>Y n K+&qeTT
d+#&q~. #sqT d+<q+ e\ nDTY ` nH eTsK+& VTe
d+ |<] +|&q< >V +#*.
ne] : |]eDeTT ~ (Non Magnitude) eq _+<Teq j>

<H sT. ds _+<Teq nd |]eDeTT (Infinite small) <
]y~+q nDT|]eDq+^]+# |+ j> d~d T + ~<
` nH y< L& sdd s +&e d dksT >TsT<e\T.
d+ 2 nDT#
e' X q _+<'sD+ d+ue , ', nDT#, #X ' |Ps |+
yesj
T , nDTY, _+<sDT <DT|]eD$w sD+ qd+ue r
q#_+<sDT|_+<+ sd+ jTT+ dsD+ +qk~ y#+ |<X e
_+<Te nqT |<e TT yeV] VeTT. s +&Ts K\T _+<Te e<

*jTTqT. s +&T s K\T K+&+#T=qT#T.
yTT<{ d+ _+<T|]eD |]o\q d+<s+ _+<Teq

XSqeTT < n+ d eTT (Infinitesimal) |]eDeTT> #| &qT
#| H+. n d qT ]\T nDTeTT> eeVs+ d+
n+^]+#sT. $<+> _+<Teq nDT|]eD $w
n+^]+#&+ e\ s U<T\ _+<TsD+ d~d T + ~ n || eTs\
|Ps|+ #k& d+u$+ #sT\ysT y< nDTY n
y<+H |X |X de<qeTqT> s +&e d |< ksT .
~ L& Xd| ] uwjT !
B TwT <Tsq HjTeT+{sT. |y~ eq+^]dH ,
<H n y< sd+ #&+ . _+<Te\T |sd seTT d+jTTe TT
69
s U<Ts &TsTT n < MT y<eTT. _+<Teq nd < nDTeTT

(Infinitesimality) n+^]+q |e TT |sd s d+j>eTT <s< T .
~]+<+f < _+<T \D
yT +& bT+~.
+ ksqyTq nqTuy *| beD $wj Xdu w
y| n b]uw+ > eeV]ksT . + =+ |<X He]+#
edTe q eTs\ n+{ edTe d+j>+ d+ue eTT+~. < y|
e#HqT<V ]d ` #sk$T ` |<X e <y D, |<X e <ed
d+j>', nqTu jT, qT w <Xd ` < # _+<' w]eDq
|sd s d+j> uyY sD+ q d+ue rue' ` n _+<TsD
sdk sT . H dbjT+> ds HqTu jT eqyTq b< eTT\
d+j>sDeTTqT, s sDeTTqT d+ sdq |seTT\qT|< +,
$Xwe TT\ d+ u<sjTD <s qeTTqT d+|~+#\ n~+ T u<sjTD
<sH<e>qe+ n esZ<sq+ #d, >+<$dsujHV||+'
>+<$ ds ; # $wj & |seT]+#< eTTksT .
$wj yeV]+> d+>V +#e#T. nDTeT+f n+
d eTT < d eTeT #| e#T. nDTeTTqT, _+<T\D
+>
>Vd<= |]eDeTT (Magnitude)qT, (Shape)qT
n+^]+#* edT+ ~. ~ k< e? n+f eeVs+ d+ _+<Tee TT
Point Circle nH< }V+#Ty*. }V+#Ty\ m+<T+THeT+f
~ e\+ bud d eTT. dud eyT . ~ ee T u$<e
n+f < ykse TT (Radius) Js dTqe\d +T+~. nTe+|&T
< b<e s|eTT (shape) XSqqT d+]+#T= nues|eTTqT
(voidness) b+<TT+~. ~ d+XjyTq ueqjT|
beDy T q d<+eTT C\<T. eq _+<Teq s+u sDeTT
q+^]+#T <s< ks+XeTT.
70
|PsM Te+k <s qyT
ne] : _+<T sDy< sd+ q |eT _+<TejTT XSq

eT\ e<s+> $esy < d| #T deT eT&e d
|k$dTH sT ds .
d+ 3 n~sDj>#
e' n| #X ' |Ps|y e <9' n~s D j> ~ n~s D

d+uy ~<9 ' X$<+s $T X s u+sjT + ds <
sC ds u+X k~cq H| |< , s~c q u+ sqqTu ~
es +q d+ue r @q XSqy<| s @e
qqT edT _+< sDTq sD+ Dd < + +qk
<< uy ~X+V
+<T ` n~s D j>Y, # ` n s +&T |<e TT\THsTT. d+
L& # ` nH deTT#js u< y T q nejs >V +#*. >,
n~s D
nj>Y ` nH~ eT]jTT K+&qVTe ue+.
n~s D nj><H < n~s D nd+uy Y n ns+ #TsT
#sk$TysT. n~s D
eTq> n~cqeT ueeTT. X$<+ syT
nq> eTT||jT+<T seTT (y+&) jTH& u+ sC ds u' sEe q>
{jT +<T ds u+ nH s +&T $<e TTq u+T\qT (Illusions) >]
>& eTq+ #| H+. Xs u+ eT\eTT X < eTT|
|jTH n~cqeTT.(Substratum) nf sEd s u+ u+ n~cqeTT
(Substratum) sEe < &T. u+ q+ d|P sEe < &T
ds +>qT, X < eTT| | y+&>qT $es+ #+~ |dT q <
ue+. & u+ sE, X\ T n~cqeTT (Substratums).
<$<+ > s U<T\ _+<Te (Point) n~cqeT #_ _+<Te
$es sD+ d~d T + ~. < j>eTT < j> <T beT+{sT
>TsT<e\T. sD+ n~ _+<Te {. nDTeTT XSqeTT < \D \T.
nDTe XSqeTTHq edTe ys=< n~sDeTT < n~cqeTT
(Substratum) C\<T. $<+ > k>T \ XSqy<+ < T u yT q
$esy <+ s +& sde TTb jsTT.
71
ne] : $<+ > sT eT&T d\qT #sk$T s+uy <,

$esy <\qqTd]+ _+<Teq s U<Ts &T sDeTTqT s]+
` nj>, niT, n~sD nj>eTT\ sDeTT> _+<Te
sD+b be#T, D+ sD+ e#T< nH d+XjT eTTqT
X++ de<q+> H\T>e d `
d+ 4 D$T#H d+uy Y
e' Dd d|] eDsD+ d+ue r w< . H nd+uy ~.
TTE s UjT $wu |s #s | D d yd+ ue ~<9'
qqT Dd ds q Tdk d $TX+ j eV
n |b~dTHsT. DyT``#Y`q` nd+uY n
|<$ u>eTT. DyT#Y ` nH~ |Ps| u>eTT. q ` nH~
K+&qy#| < + . nd+uy Y nH~ VTe. > ` (|]DeTXSqyTq
_+<Te+f) D+ |]eDeTT (Magnitute) *jTT+&T# <
sD+ d+ue yT neT+< |Ps|+ . q`<s< T . nd+ue eTT {
n de<qeTT. nd+ueqT k$TysT ` TTEsUjT $wu |s
#s | Dd e nd+uy ~s' ` n+f eT&T ds s K\ Hs &q
u |s# yT q D jTyT q d+ue < ue+.
ne] : DeTT jTT d+ue < ds HqTue eTT *jTTq~.

{ ksq (Universal) nqTue eTT (experience) qT <qTfT n
jX++ nsTT<e d ne]+|#k sT ds `
d+ 5 XX$ cDe <EsU

e' XXd $cDd# |+ |d< | XX$cD s|$wd
jT<nd + < TTEd s UjX | + |d< |TTE $w
s UjX|d< < { Dk| >>q dTejT eq Hd' sD+
\jT eTTs + <e$T dT~j $uejT+T.
qqT TTEsUjX|d< e|d< + V.
72
|PsM Te+k <s qyT
XX$ cDeY ` TTEsU ` n |<$ u>eTT. XXe Tq> +<\T.

$cDeTq> =eTT n, XX` $cD Xe TT\ $&$&> ns\T eeVs+
HsTT. s +&{ *| d+u$d XX$ cDeTT nq> +<{ =eTT nH
ns+ d~d T + ~. dedeTH e |u e+ sD+> +<{ =eTT ` nH
X+ < |<+ ysD Xd| s + > d~+ H +<{ =eTT eeVs+
nd+ue +>H >#]dT+ ~. < d+ue <T .
TTEsK $wjT + L& +{<. TTE s UeTT\T $&$&>
ds |b<eTT. TTE $wyTq sUeTT eeTT
dqTue <syT q ~.
+> >DXd |]uwqqTd]+ dMTd eeTT jTT
e\ eTT es K jTT nd u>yT TTEsK> >#]dT+ ~. ~
nqTue d<y T q ~. u \eTT s UeTT> TTEeTT nqTuy q&q+
eq < esT\ eT eeV]kyT > TTEsUeT u$ke?
u$d e+ n~ eeVs+ deT\+> ksq+> d+u$+|&TT+<?
< $<+> TTEsKjTT $XwD (Realistic Analysis) #
d+~>+> (Ambiguous) d+Xj+> ( Confusive/doubtful)>
>#]dT+ ~. > ds s K jTT d+ue XX$ cDeTT e+{<j
T seTT.
TTEsUqTue yT T +<{ =eTTe n|d< y T q |&T nTe+{ eT&T
TTEsK\# @s&q uT C qTq u |s# eTTq d+ue <s<
|PsdeTT deTqj >V +#*.
ne] : +qT dw =s TTEsKjTT n|d~ s +&T deTT\

<s |eD] ksT >TsTb<T\T.
d+ 6 |eDY
e' |eD<e TTEsUj X|d~ ]ue' +eD $T
X+je eV
73
|eDY ` nH~ |< + . eq ~ @|< d +.

n\yTq <q B |u e+ e+ nq\+. ns e TT\ nqs s#q eT+f
< !
|eD Xu |]eD |eDeTT (Unit) < =\ Magnitude
n, Cqss y T q nTq |u e|Psy T q sDd<+eT ns\T
eeVs+ HsTT. n _+<TsD sd|s D
+ nqsTTksTT.
_+<Te XSqeTT nq> w]eDeTT eq <seT>T q
n~s D
j> <T eq s U<T\ $ese TT sDeTT C\<,
s+u sDeTd C\< #| H+.
k#d+ |eD+ ss $sj
T + Xdy T dsT \ |eDeTT
n ><TZsT eT|<X+. TTEsK\T eT]jTT y# Hs&q jT
sUeTT\T (Straight lines and Lateral figures) d<+yTq
|| L&q @$<y T q |eD d<+yT H s|+#\+f < s FjT
< jT >D X de TT (Lenier or Lateral geometrical Mathamatics)
|eDeTsqyTq Xd+> >V+#&T#Tq~. XdyT sUeTT
Lenier figures $wjT+ @$<yTq beDyTq (positive
existance) <$T+
> s]+#< T . eq _+<TsDy<eTT d]jT q<
< d<+eTT.
ne] : s sj
T +#d, d<+|s + > s|D #jT &
Xd+ bT, | <qTuy \qT |y s|eTTq X, d, |sD<T\qT
L& |eD+> >V +# d+|<jTeTTqT |sd ]+#T Xk<j
T ' nH
@|< deTTqT e #d sT V eTTdTH sT #sk$T.
d+ 7 Xk<jTXk<jT'
e' Xk~ yTe TTEsUj Xuy |eD $T<9 ' <#
TTEsUjXd <{ Dk| |d~ ] ue'. q#D< uy
74
|PsM Te+k <s qyT
e seeVs e++ deTuT $T dkbeD+ |d

y# +. d bs e ~ 9 u y | yeV ] d +^ s D
HbeD$Td#HjT <T $ T. ~|<q jTT qTue j' |]>V ',
|qsT |j q+T |Pse<y .
l |Ps MTe+k<X9H ~rjV e deb
~ L& |PsdeTTe @|< d yT V |]de|
d+#& e #jT &q< ~|~> uddT q ~. V|] de| d#qyT
e |j q seTT.
| deTTqT+& |eD Xu n<Vs+ #dT+f Xk<T\T
|eDeTH ns+ d~d T + ~. $wj $es+> #sk$T `
Xk~yT e TTEsUjXuy |eD $Ts' TTEsK\qT <
|eDu eTTq >D X d $u>eTTM <$T+ >>, @+ s+ > >
s|+#< T .
y<+ Xd+ XU#+<HjT+ # VeTT jTT d \D eTT\qT
s +qT>, >D XdE
\ T TTEsKqT `
1. "We mean a straight line in its entirety, extending both ways
to infinity" ` nq> TTEsKqT deT>+> ` sT | \ nq+ <s+
es b&+# >\ ds s K n s+|>\ eTT njTT
2. "Parallel straight lines are such are in the same plane ever
so far produced both ways do not meet" ` nq> \eTT| ]+|&q
de+s ds s K\qT @y| q m+ <seTT b&+qqT n |sd seTT
*d=qe njTT,
3. "Parallel lines are lines which meet at infinity" nq+
<seTT eyT |sd seTT *d=qT eXeTT>\ ds s K\qT de+s
ds s K\T n+{s BH $eT+> `
75
4. Lines which meet at infinity are called parallel ` njTT

5. In the confocal system, the straight line is called the line
FjT >D X de TTq d++~+ X+e K+&\qT s|+#
ellipse nq> s
d+<s + ds y T q s K ds < s+ d+#]+# kwe ds s KqT s FjT
Bse e TT (Lenier ellipse) n+{s .... mHH s#qeTT\qT
d+#sT. < dssK d++~+q @ beD s#qeT
k~]+> mes ssTT+#<T. eqH >TsTb<T\T TTEsK jTT
s]+# |eDyTB< #| ` TTEsUjX nd, <{
Dk| |d~ ] ue' n+f TTEsK jTT beD +f
<e e+eTTq D<T\ beDd~ dTseTT nd+ue eTH ue+
\T>TT+~. ~ yT nsTTH yeV] dq T u$+q |+ uT
s U<T\T jTT |d +T+~. d eTT (real) <T e\
budy T (apparent) eyT .
jT<s T> |]o*+q eTq y<+ >D
Xd sT s U DeTT\ =+es jT<sy T q
s|DqT qT>=Hs|dT + ~.
eTq+ + |Ps+ d+u$+#Tq ~v+&\ |]s K (Lenier Horizon)
dssK> |dTH C~ n~ esT\ esKjTqH Cq+ L&
de+s+ > eTq uddT + ~.
ueqqT <w qT+#T eTq >D
XdE\T | >TD> s+,
d
< Ds | D > +#s T .
DeTT eT& T DeTT\T eT& T
>TD\T> |s=q&+ ]+~. >TDeTq>
sdt
eTdt
string (H]ès
K) n ns+ es K jTT
TTED (1800) $esyT TTEsK <
76
|PsM Te+k <s qyT
ds s K. $<e TT> d+u$+|&q |e TT >TDyT q | uT +>

uddT + ~. es U+> d+u$d _+<Te\qT *| (AB, BC, CA
sK eu$+ @+<eTT uTC |]eeTT> O. ABC >
|]D$TdT+ ~.
(d)
(s)
()
> ee TH~ | eT\u yT q VeTT. d eTT eTTHq

d+u$. DeTH~ eqe T~ ud+# u+(Illusion).
eqH s FjTyTq D<T\T VeTTqT |b~+|C\e seTT.
$<+ > y<+ >D X d+ DsDy< ssD + (By the refutation
of Trikonakarna Vada) <s k+KT\ eT]j T T j > X d e TT\#
|b~+|&q | sDy< sd+ #sT.
$<+ > s FjT <T\ _+<Te s+u, $es sDy<eTT\
s|D+ ~rjV+ eTT>TdT+ ~.
77
4.(iii)rjVeTT
l|Ps MTe+k<X9H de
r jV bs+u'
@e >+< d+<s D #D eTTs e deTqjT $s< |]Vsu+
||+ c+ V$<|j d#HjT rjV esue D'
|Psd s|+ e\
>& q s +&VeTT\ s eTsd |PseTT> ey T n
s FjT eTT\ |< qsDu yT q \+qeT n~jT |Pse TTqT
Vy> s|+#T #Tq<jTT s]+#&q~. ee TT jTT yu e eTT
(grandeur) <jTT y<q>DXd |]CqeTT e\q, < s
eTT\& d++<e TTqT T\HeTT> (comparative) |]o*+#T
e\q ee T>TqT. eq eT&e VeTT CdT e\ +qT
dT\ue TT> ne>Vq @s&T j s FjTeTT\ y< <DeTT
|]#jT eTT #jT T |jT eTT #jT &q~.
e yTT{ eyT |Pse TTqT, <#yTq VeTTqT s|+#>\
s FjT eTT\ |~ |r. jT#DeT~cqyT n |<e VeTT
2 ) ed ue ds|eTT\T d\ +> =+es s +#&H n~
(d.2
deT>yT q |]|Psy T q s#qeTT <T. eq e s#qeTT rjV
bs+ue TT s +&TdeTT\ T $e]+#&T#Tq~.
d+ 1 sejTe+ sTDZ + wjT+ H+ |Psy T

e sZ ' nejTy' n+X' jTd sejTe+, s+X $T<9',
sTDZ + s>~ <wsV +, n@e wjT+ j sV +, >>H ~ ye <9 +,
H$T, Cqds|$Ts' nHqCqds| + |Psd ds|\D +
d$Tue' qqTjT#DeT~cq$THqd\ #~cq s|\D
eT_< jT |q] sejTe$T~H<q + $sT< #q, #Xu q u
deTT<jTd sCd y >V T+ X q eH eTeu<H jT |<e T'
\u< _q d\ #~cq s| d\ D eT_< jT d ds| \D
78
|PsM Te+k <s qyT
ue T ysDjT |<v sejTe $T~H ds| \D eTT+ . qqT d\

#~y|d es | \q+ $sT< #q jTeTj u\u<jT#
u eX d+~k<Xq es | + |]*+ < #\s \ds|d
e |]< s y|d< qdTs+ |Psd |]~ ] d#HjT sejTe
$T~H ||+ +.
qqT jT< ed e+s CrjTu< ~ $CrjT
u<' ||w |~Hd>u<X d<d< |Ps| + qk ~X+ V.
d+ |+#|~ . +<T nsTT<T |<e TT\ ` sejTe+ ` sTDZ +
` w jT+ ` H+ ` |Psy T ` n ee TT jTT ds|\D
eTT
d+|&q~.
+ | P s y T | < e V e TT j T # DeT~ c q y T
#~cqds|\D
+ #| HsT, eTs\ sTT|&T #| &+ |qsT+
< n X++# +& n~ d \D
eTT ~ ds|\D
eTT. <
ds|\D
+> u$ TkyT yq `
1. sejTe+ ` nq> nejTeeTT\T < n+XeTT\T < ueeTT.
2. sTDZ + ` s>~ <wsV yT q ~ eqH
3. w jT+ ` j sV yT q ~
4. HyT ` Cqds|yT q ~
5. |Psy T ` |]|Psy T q ~ ` #| nHq Cq ds| + |Psd s|
\D $T ue' ` #| &+ e\ < yTq ds|\D eT \TdT+ <+{sT.
+<T | eT&T \D
eTT\T XeTTq+<Tq$. n~ ` #
$uT +# ` @eTT, eTT, $uT e (nqT y|+jTTq~) ` n
s+|&q~. eq XeTTq+<T ny| y]+#T HyT `
|Psy T n Cqds| |Ps eTT | \D
eTT\T> #| &q$.
79
~ #|<\#Tq|&T ` jT#D+ n~cqeT eTT+<T

d \D
eTTqT m+<T\ #| qT? n d>
T eTw d+<V + \T>&+
dV+. CdT wV<j >V+q >TsT<e\T sT $wj
eTT+<T>H }V+ ` # Xuq udeTT<jTd sCd y>VT+
X q eH+ neu<H jT |<e T' \u< q _q d\ #~cq
s| d \D eTT d ds| \D ue TysDjT |< sejTe
$T~ ds|\D eTT+ ` n dw+ > u~ksT . >< #| &+
deT Vy |Ps |b< s FjT yT q e, ds #~cH+
d\ D +> #| &q~. #X + # d\ u de TT<jTeTT, sCeTT
L& >V +#&TT+< u~+#& d\ D + #| &+~. n< |se sy T q
ds|\DeT ueT|&+& +&&+ deT sejTe $T~
ds|\D
eTT $<+ > #| &q~ $e]ksT . es b | + >
u~+#&+ d+ yT<q+ rd= y[ ueX d+~ #|+
<XesT s ds|yT ee T u~+qT> eTT+<T> #~cq
\D eTTqT s +qT e >+<+ |k$ksT . u eX d+~ n|d< e TT
n~e due s|D d \D
eTT> #|&qf |dT + d\
#~cq+ d \D
eT ueeTT.
\D
$y#q eT<y T q , dVT $Xw D
Logical Analysis
>#]dT+ ~. eM TXs' n ee TTqT VeTTq |r> s + <
sejTe, sTZD, wjT, H, |PseTT\qT deVs\D+>
dr]+#&+~.
eeTT nq+sK\T DeTT\T>\ VQuT> esTs
sU|]e+> d+u$+|& <]+|&T #T+&> < sejT$>
u$+#&y T ? nq+s K\qT DeTT\qT nq+>T DeTT\T> |s=
|Pse TTqT nq+>T D <qeTT> ]+ #&+ ]+~. n+|&T sejT
\DyT <TsTT+< |X. < |q eTq+ #|q ueX
d+~|] s U <cqy T d]jT q~. u eX d+~ n|d< e TT. < |]s K>,
<jT+<T |* +#&q nq+ s UD<T\T L& }V>eTeTT
yde eTT\T e. ejTT |Pse TT $wjT eTT }VreTTq $ Beyond
80
|PsM Te+k <s qyT
the limitations and imaginations
eq |PseTT sejTeyT |
kejTeyTq{ <T. < nejT$eTT n+jTT ueTyTq
ueH<s\ yT weakness of intellect created by Micsconception or
Illusion.
ne] : nr+~jT Cq #q s|eTT
Supreme Intelligence>
\+ |&q sT |Psd sb wDeTT\ysT k+K, j>, MTe+k~

<s H\ y]y] <DeTT\ <]+#sT. y{q+{ @yqT
d * +, _ q eTT @ s | D # d~> s +& e d T
|k$+|&T#Tq~.
d+ 2 @yTy~rjT+
e' jT< e dCrjT e+su<' $CrjT ~u<' d>
|| w | ~ u< X $< <e |Ps | b|d u< jT d jT<eT+ ys+
@+, @e, n~rjT$T |< jT +. < # |< jT D jT<eT+ u< jT +
ys ~ue', + #dC rj~ u< jT sV + X< T< eTTd
ue+ |Ps+ $CqqT ue r s+. nk<H XeDB XeD+HeT.
>TsTeTTU <<+ y XeD+. << 9d jTT_ sqT+q+ eTqq+.
\ <se <$q <q |s+ |s s|+ ~<dq+.
@e |Ps ds|+ Cq k<q +# |b<esD $| X
dds|+ ~<X9sTTw s<yesD X+ s|jT
@yT `@e`n~rjTyT ` n |<$ u>eTT. @yT @e ` (|Pse TT)
{> eyT jTTq~. n~rjTyT ` (<q) s +&e~ <T n nse TT.
# @e n @eseTT C&+ #| # s +&e~ < s]+#&q~.
ssD
qT k$TysT |<jT jT<eT+ u<jT+ ys eT&T
|<\T eTT$<eTTq u<eTT\qT y]dTHjT+{sT. edTu<eTT
dCrjTu< e TT ` $CrjT u< e TT ` d>u < e TT n eT&T $<e TT\T.
B lk$TysT $e]ksT .
81
1. jT<e dCrjT u< ' <VsD eTi#

TqT rd=+f
` # ~ eTi#
T n dCrjT (e) u< #| e#T.
2.$CrjT ~u< ' e Cq _qyTq <T\T n+f s
s| \T yTTq$. n{ $CrjT edTe \q ~ (eTi# T) _qyTq ~ (ys q ~)
n #| s +&e<q $CrjT u< e TT.
3.d> || w| ~u< ' \T, |e\T, | , }&\T d>
u< $ e eT&<e ~. #TqT+& qT ysT #d ~ eTij
n #| &+.
> |\ , |c~ $e d> u< e T ueeTT.
#| |< jT D jT<eT+ u< ' ys ue' d+
eT&T |<\T eT+> eT&T u< \qT y]ksTT n |]CqeTT
jTT |\ X ` + dCrj~ u< s V + X< ` T<e TT due+
|Ps+ $CqqT ue r syT. nq> $<y T q dCrjT, $CrjT,
d> u< e TT\T ~> |Pse TTqT d > *d=qT e\q Je&T eTT& T
>\& |< ksT . y]u< $Xwy T $T+f \D
eTT $CqH `
d > *d=qy& ` nH |< eTs\ XeD eTqq ~<dqeTTH
k<q eTT\ qu d+#&+ <s n $e]ksT .
1.>TsTe\ qT+& y<+ yeTT\qT yseTT\qT X<> $qTqT
XeDeTT n+{sT.
2. XeDeTTqT nqTX yeTT\ s $Xc\qT ysT #| q
jTT\ qT eTs\ eTs\ d+u$+#T+ +q #jT &+ eTqq eTq&TT+~.
3.$<yTq +qeTTqT \<se nqTd+> s+seTT
@>eTeTqdT& <d, < s$Td nqTue |Ps+> q+~+#&+
~< dqeTT neT+~.
$<+ > sT d+ |Psd s|, CHqTue eTT\T $e]+#&qe
>V+#*.
ne] : |Pse TT jTT ds|, Cqk<q eTT\qT |< + sT y

<jTT esD, $| X \ qT eT&T, H\T>T deTT\ $e]ksT .
82
|PsM Te+k <s qyT
d+ 3 |]~ sesD+
e |]~' eT+&\ s U esD+ esDX'
< # |]~ d< XesD X] <9 ', jTeTT. |]~ ` |]' BjT `
|]~' #TTq +& <] +#Tq~ n ueeTT. >D Xd+ e| ] s K
(circumference) qT |]~> |]>Dk sT . ~vD\ |]s K (Horizon)>
L& |T +Te |s=+~. (P,979 (V.S.Apte) esDeTq> | jTT+#Tq~.
< eTdyj
T Tq~. e]+ jTT+&Tq~ n ueeTT. > e]+jTT+&T
|]s K < |]~ esDeTT> #| &q~. e]+ jTT+&Tq~ nH |<e TT
k|e TT nq> ys= |<e TT jTT ns C&d | |]|Ps+ <T.
d+XjT+>H $T*bT+< ue+. esD eTq>H < esDeTH
d+XjT + \T>TT+<q e. eq dds|yT q nV+ <
CH e]+ +T+< n| se TT (Implied Meaning) >V +#*.
e]+#T nH~ X (Force). ejT < n$<> jTT XH
esDX> y<qXd+ b]uw+ (Technical)> eeV]+|&TTq~.
>, nH~>, nqTd+> eTq d+$TdTq ejT < n$<
(nCqeTT) jTT esDX (|]~) eTq jTT dds| CH Supreme
~ ds+> >V +#*.
Intelligence of Ones own self e]dTq
esDX eTq ds|yT q nV+qT ndq HqTqT, $T+,
eTs>T |s q<q b |]~ (within the limits of Nature) nHe TTq
$ ue TeTT\qT (vagaries)qT *d yTqTH Hq u$ T+| #d eTqqT
|]|] $<\T> |]u$ T+, |]|+ # |#] dTq < ue+.
83
84
|PsM Te+k <s qyT
re eTTeTT, >TsqT>V eTT, <y qT>V eTT\# eyT esD

|]~ <{ jT|&T k< eTeT+~.
ne] : nH<qTd+> d+$TdTq ejT < n$< jTT esDX
s|+q l D >TsTb<T\T < sDu yT q eT]jTT X |u<
$| X > k<VsD+> u~ksT `
y<q $#sD d++~+ s FjT b<$ T deTT*+#T$T+#T>

dw ] +|&q$. nsTTqqT CdT eq k< \ ne>VH k\u eTTq
$| X |u e $\dqeTT\T = sTTT |<] +|&q$.
d+ 4 uT + $| '
e' |+# HD |+# deT uTC

+~jD CH+ ~jD s +~jD bD
|+#+ # d#jT +. bD |+#e T| d
u s H+~jTXuq >V ue'
HDe |+# d u d#jT +
n< |+N u ds| eV
|+#H D, +~jD ` n |<$ u>eTT. |+#H D nqT#
H Xe TTq n< |]eDeTT \ nse TTqT $e+ q# |+# deTuT
uT eTT\T nqTqse TT d~+ #TqT. deTuT uT eTT DsKqT ne TT>
#d = uT eTT jTT $| e TT\ qT< |u eeTT# u$ T+|#d q # |+#
uT eTT s &q yq eTTqT eTqeTT #]+#T=HeTT. (#.d. 1/10 `
<Y) +~jD ` nqT|<e TT# |+# CH+ ~jTeTT\T, |+#s +~jT
eTT\T, |+#bDeTT\T, eTqdT, T~ >V +|q>TqT.
eTTq+<* nsTT<T uT EeTT\T 11 TTEsK\qT deTw> dksTT.
M 10 s K\T CH+ ~jT, s +~jT |+#e TT\qT dksTT. $T*q
TTEsK d u seTT# +~jT y#yT >V +|&TTq<+{sT
e >+<+ . esD $b \ eTHT<T\ T |r\T.
<X+ ~jTeTT\T, bD|+#e TT, eTHT<T\ T ysd 17 eTT\T
deTw> sD XseTT < *+>X seT eeV]+|&T#Tq$. sD
XseTT eT]jTT <eTT\jTT |~e|CyjXeTT\H&
|+#u eTT\ jTT n|+N s|eTT\T > uT eTT< T n|+N
|+#u eTT\qT dkjT s+ >V +#*.
e uT d<o$|X ]<9, n$<eq

ed eudq deT<9+ $| X \D + uT C
<y s #D eTT <X
9H ~| Xs | +
uT d ue'
n< d u s|D eV
u T +, $ | ' ` n | < $ u > e TT.
uT d< o $| X ] s' ` $| X uT eTT |r. n$<eq ed eudq
deTs+ $|X \DyT (Existance) q{ edTe qT qT>
#|+|>\ keTs eTTqT $| X n+{sT. ~ L& ej$\dyT . ejT
< n$< jTT |u eyT! esDeTT dds|eTTqT eTs>T |s | jTT+,
$| e TT < qT> #| u+ *dT+ ~. eT> w <
m+&e$ (Mirage) $| X <VsD. m+&e$ e\eTT u+jTqT
$wjT eTT eTqyTiq<.
|]o*+q# uT eTT L& u+ eT\yT . uT yT <e TT
sDeTT> Bse , #T sT, |+#uT C<Tq ds|eTT\qT $| X #
Hs sT#T #Tq~. q d]jT q ~ eT]= dsbudeTT\qT
|<]+#T $| X eTseT>TqT? eqH uT+ $|' n
dr]+|&q< seTT.
ne] : |{ |Psd s|eTT dwe TT> s +|&q~. ejT <

n$< jTT esD, $| X \ T L& k<VsDeTT> $e]+|&q$.
d+ 5 |+#HD+~jD
85
ne] : n|+N |+#u eTT\qT |b~+q sT y |+N

u d s|eTTqT |k$ksT >TsTb<T\T.
d+ 6 eTVD u
e' |+#H H |+#eTVDHe
|+#eTVu d#jT +
ewds|eT_<jT deTw ds
E
|eV
|q $e]+#Tq |+#H\
n|+N u eTT\ |+NsD
eTT e\q
Hs &q eTVDeTT AHF, BGD, ABG, AFG, DBH, DGH
nqTq$ |+#eTVu eTT\qT dkjT >V +#*.
ne] : |+N, n|+N u d s|eTTqT ew> s|+q |eT

ds #eTT\ jTT deTwd s| s|DeTTqT s +&T deTT\
s ksT .
d+ 7 ds # deTws b $s{
e dsD j #D e uT C~ u< _ H , c+ deTws |+ T
VQ$<+ w{D e yT + |+#DeTq#
ds # deTws |', $s{ ` n |<$ u>eTT.
86
|PsM Te+k <s qyT
ds # deTw s|' ` nq> e, uT C~ |Pss|e TTq $$<

ds| u< _ q eTTq ds s FjT eTT\{jT T deV ds|eTT
n ueeTT.
$s{ ` deTwd s|eTT $s{ n eeV]+| &T#Tq~. n~
(1) l+ ;>]y T q w{D |]e s|eTT>qT
(2) V+ ;C+s ] |+#D |]e s|eTT>qT s +&T $<e TT\T>
|<] +| &T#Tq~.
ne] : ds # deTws |eTTq V#eTH& eT]jTT n_< qeTTqT

>TsT<e\T d+#T#THsT.
d+ 8 V# $T Y
e' ds # deTws |+ V# $TY. XXs XH e<+r<6 '
n< Jeds|eV
V#yT ` ` Y n |<$ u>eTT. deTw #eTTH
=+<sT V#eT eeV]dTH s ueeTT. # Y`=+<sT n
#| e\q #\eT+~ $seTjT eeV]dTHs ueeTT.
#| &+ Xdd + |<jT+. XXsX K #+~q =+<sT V#eT
u$dTH sT.
```
ne] : Jeds|yT q ed s|eTT s|+|&T#Tq~.
d+ 9 _+<Tqe e+ Ce + #+
l+
V+
e' qe _+<T dV + es |+ #+ Jeds|+ $T<9'

_+<T qe+ <X, k ~+<Tqe $T eeVjT, qe _+<e' <V d
qes+<D d#jT +
Jeds| s|Dq+s+ VsD>s ds| eV
_+<Tqee+ ` Cq + ` #yT n |<$ u>eTT. qe_+< yT q e
87
eTee TT
s|eTT qTq #eTT. Ce yT ` nq> Jed++<y T q nq> Jeds|

u< y T q #eTT> eeV]+| &T#Tq~. +<T 9 _+<Te\T |< qeTT>
d+|& q+<Tq ~ _+<Tqe #eT d+u$+| &q~. +<* =$T~
_+<Te\T <V eTTq+<* qe s+<e TT\qT dkjT #s b<T\T `
qe _+<e' <V d qes+<D d#jT ` nqTq~ y] +s.
y<+ Xd >+<eTT\ d+ CqeTq++ V ` n
|b~+|&q (|Ps VeTT) qT VQ< |d] +| d+*+q<! (keTjT`VQk+ |CjTjTyT). n~ >D XdE
\ # yC eTT>
ABCD nqT |]ee
TT# d+|&q~. \+] |]uw <ee TT
dTq(Ciper)> #| &q~.
|dT + ~ ejT jTT b<$ T d+\eTT> eTV_+<Te>
nV+qT Xs _+<T deV s| VQkyT ` nCjTeH
88
|PsM Te+k <s qyT
VQ<$CjT ` ~ X yeTT\# d+dT +|&qT>, nq+

s|eTT\T> |d] +q~. qyqy ue CjTeq' |kse TT s +&T
qed+K\# y<+ >D e TT (G9) <q , TTD (`9) Posititive and Negative
eT\eTT> d+q~. eq ee TqTq~ =$T~ jTT n|{ s|eTT
(unmanifested form) > #|&q~. (KLMN) e ]wyTq e.
1. Xs, 2. eTV_+<T, 3. nV+, 4.=$T~\ |r.
eTV_+<Te sD XseTT. < |q Tq ee TT osee TT. yeT<D
bseTT\+<Tq s +&T ee TT\T s +&T |e TT\T (s\T). n<ee TT |# e TT>
#| &q~. eTV_+<Te sD u yT q ~. eq sD Xs
eT\eT #| H+. eTV_+<Te $T*q H\T>T _+<Te\ *d
d XseTTqT ddTq +~.
H\T>T ee TT\ K+&q _+<Te\qT \T| ^jT&q ee TT EFGH
d\ Xs ddT+ ~. B VD |DDe TT\ s +{ nqsTT+#e#T.
n+<T B eTjT++>qT Jed++~ Ce#+>qT L&
eeV]ksT. eeTT Ce #eTT _+<Tqe |<sqeTT L&
Xdj
T eTT>>$+| &q~.
eTV_+<Te n{ eT\+<yT 9# d+|&q~. >D X de TT
n+\+{ eT\+<eTT =$T~jTq k||eTT> +eTT+<T
s|+#&q~. eTV_+<T |kse TTq qT>TDeTT> ABCD, EFGH,
, d , sD Xs\qT dksTT.
KLMN ` d\
yTT+ eTjT+ C>> |]o*d 8`1`6`4 &y| |]s KqT
8`3`2`4 m&eTy| s KqT *|q# de+s Bse e TT (Horizontal
>
Ellipse) @s&TT+~. n<$<+
5`1`3`7 oseTTy| |]s Kq+
5`6`2`7 |#e TTy| |]s KqT *|q# \Te>qT+&T Bse e TT
(Vertical Ellipse) @s&TT+~.
s +&T Bse e TT\T |sd seTT K+&+#T=qT#T ABCD |]ee TT#
He]+|&qT <]+#e#TqT. os_+<Te 'B' Vs+<e TTqT, n<_+<Te
'D' b<+>T\ eT< _+<TeqT, sTbseTT\T s+&T y#T\jTT
89
eT< _+<Te\qT dksTT. H\T>T _+<Te\ eTs\ |]e |]~

(ABCD) dksTT. +eTT H_, < |u>eTTqqTq 1,6
_+<Te\T uT C>eTT\qT, +~ u>eTTqqTq 3,2 _+<Te\T T+{ qT
d+# $wj du > eTT+<Tq b<+ |<e T u+ eT |]o\q
d+<s + $y+#TH+. $<+ > _+<T qeeTT L&q Ce #eTT
qes+< d+jTTyT q |+&+& L& deTqjT |Ps+> deT]dT + ~.
eqH B Ce+ Jed++<yTq~ L&q y#+> |dTksT
l Dq+< usr >TsTb<T\T.
ne] : $<+ > Jeq d++~+q s FjT deTqjT |Ps+>

Je#dsb $e]+q |eT VsD>s |b<yTq #
ds |+> sTT |b~ksT .
d+ 10 e D+ VsD>s'
e' uT dV eyTe VsD >s ds|+ ue, VsD>sd
$b esD s| X< jT jTT q e uT j
seD $| Xs| < D+
VsD>s d ue' n< VsD>s ds|+ s
|Xs ds|+ s|jT '
e D+ ` V s D > s ' ` n
|<$ u>eTT. uT dV eyTe VsD >s
ds | + u e n ds $e]ksT
>TsTb<T\T. uT eTT L&q ed s|yT VsD>sT & dse TT.
$b esD s|X <jTe+ VsD>s ds|yT ` VsD>sT q
esD $| e TT\H s +&T X XseTT < ds|eTT. e+ esD X
uT eTT $| X |r\T> eTT+<T $e]+#TH+. eq s +&+{ d$Tw
s|yT q D |]es | s FjT eTT VsD>sT d+ eTeT+<
ueeTT.
90
|PsM Te+k <s qyT
ne] : es> ee TT Xs d+ +> dd Xs X~ sT

V eTTdTH sT l >TsTb<T\T.
d+ 11 eMTXs Xs'
e' |]~ |]e \ds|+ e+, |]~s
eesDX' , \+ # q +, < # ej+T | +
$<HsTTq+T eTVXs, $TX jT<#esD
Xs | ej|]e MTXsd < ]~ sb esD
X jTTq e dXs ds| $Tue' ~sT
sV |]deb'
l |Ps MTe+k <s9H
rjV ed eb
ey T ` Xs' ` Xs' ` n |<$ u>eTT.
eeTT |]~ |]e \ds|eTT> #|&q~. e \+
# q yT nHsT >TsTb<T\T. nq> Surface is defined as consciouness
y<+ d+ s |+> <]d ` |]~s eesDX' esD X |]~jT
|sT.
esD X jTqTq~ ejT jTT sb+sy T
e j+T | + $<Y
e sTTq+T eTVXsyT ` n X|eD+.
> esD Xs | ej|]e + XsT \D
eTT, |]~
|]eyT q ey T Xsd s|eTT> #| &q~.
|PseTTeH Xs |<e TT jTT ~sT < |qsT V |]de|
ddTq < seTT.
l|PsM Te+k <s qeTTq+<* rjVeTT eTTdq~.
91
|PsM Te+d
4(iv)#TsVeTT
|PD9MTe+k <X9H de #T<9V bs+u'
|PD9Xsj ' ds|eT_< jTj s# eV'
>& q eT&< jTeTT\ ` eY ds eeVs e+yT deTuT yT
(d1`6) n bs+_+|&, eM TXs Xs' (d3`11) es ey T
Xs |s|eT, n~jT q s FjT eTT\ eT\sDeT
*jTCjT &q~. y~ yvjT+ |Ps VeTTqT s +# @ s Fj
ey T q s|+|&q~. X d deTyT q s U||+ #eTTqT,
|]o*+ sFjTs|eTT\ q HeTeTT\ |b<qeTT
|dT VeTT |< q $wjT eTT. HeTs|eTT\T s +&TqT k<sDeTT>
n$Hue d++<e TT eeV]+|&T#Tq+<Tq s +{jT +<TqT ku$
deT\eTT Natural Harmony #&q>TqT. $<y T q HeTs|eTT\ jTT
deT\eTTqT Xd |eDeTT\ |<] + u~+#TjT sT H\T>e
VeTTjTT |b<+XeTT.
HeTeTT |< (Word) ; (Mantra) d+U (Number) |u< e TT\#
eTT$<e TT\T> |s=q&q|{ , |<; eTT\T s +&TqT ess |eTT eq
y s+{ es$u>eTT #] esd+UeTT $u>eTT L&
#| &q~.
Xd| s e TT> |<; eTT\ eT< $wy T q n+s+ >#]dT+ ~. |<e TT
yeV]+> n_< X y# eTT <s edTu < e TT sVdT+ ~.
;+ #sD, <q, |eT\yT q eT+X d~+ | #dT + ~. |<e TTqT
j+yT q esd e Xw e TT (Mechanical Mixture) >qT, ;eTT Xe T+yT q
esd + | eTT jTT d ds|eTT Subtle and Technical representation
>qT Xd+ s +#&q~. <VsD >D X d |]uw (ABC)
uTeTT nH~ |<yT, ABC nH sX+ ;eTqe. nf
skjTqXd+ k<sD | nH~ |<y T <H Sodium chloride n
esd + | +>qT 2Nacl n b]uw+ > ;s|+qT eeV]ksT .
92
|PsM Te+k <s qyT
|< ||+ #+ d> T eTqTw\ ;||+ #+ cT q e ~sT\,

$<+dT\ s +#&qe >V +#*. > sT nH ess |eTTq
H O (Hydrozen Hydroxide) nH~ k+yT q
_+<T|]uw s +#&q~.
es yT q n_e keqT\, ;s|yT q n_e $XwE
\ nqTue
>#se TT+~. > |< ||+ #eTT (Pada World) k<sD HeTTq,
; < eT+ ||+ #eTT (Beeja World) sV d CdT eq V$<Tq
CqT\qT b<jT eTT\>T #Tqe seTT. k<sD |<y vjTeTTqT
dT~ n< jTq nudeTT\T #d L& nqTue y< eTT >$+#T=q e#TqT.
;CyT q eT+ ||+ #eTT V$<Tq >TsTe\ qT+&jT b+<< q<
>V +| e\d jTTq~.
eq sT VeTT HeTs| $#sD s+_+|&T#Tq~.
2
d+ 1 dy#' |De'
e' d |PD9dXsd y#' n_< q+ |De' | cqe' |w\
k$T<9' DTdT $<' jT<|d j
T -qjV |De'
jT+|De' jTqV |d j
T +j + d < $< eV
d ` y#' , |De' n |<$ u>eTT.
d nq> |PsV| e] deTT $e]+#&q XsT
jTT y# |<e TT |DeeT ueeTT. y<+Xd| s + > ns <s
y#T&q |Ps VeTTq y#| < e TT, < *jT|s# T |<e TT, |DeeTT
n dse TT. |DeeTq> z+seT eeVs+ + VQ+>
>#]dT+~.
|De Xu >TsTb<T\T `
1.n_< q+ |De'
2.| c qe' |w\ keTs'
3.|d j
T nqj V |De' n eT&T$<e TTq eT\ qT
d+#sT.
< y#yTq |Pse TT < XsT u~+# y# Xy T |DeeTT
93
n yTT<{ e. DT`dT nq> DT ` <Teq dT +#T n

jTse TT. |e TTq | nH |ds Z L&q DT <TeqT+& wqyTq
|De Xe TTq |w \yTq keT jTse TT ` n s +&e e. |d j
T
nqj V ` |De' ` nq> VeTT B# $Xwe TT> qT+|&T#Tq<
eT&e e nse TT.
ne] : |De Xu s+, dsT\T sT y d+ <

dsb |<] ksT .
d+ 2 d+Usb ess |X
e' ~$<Vd' |Ps Vy#' , |De'~|s' d+U jTqjT d+Un+' s|+jTdd' d+Us|' qeHeT' n+ @'
eD9-qjT eD9' ns ' s|+ ds|+ jTdd' eD9s|'
z+s' ~rjT' #X ' deTT#j<9' X' Xj<9'
d+UH+eT< qed+U, eD9H+eT< z+sX |Ded< $< $T sj
T '
qeT z+sd |Ded+<VAHd X d~w ds $<eY
<+ qed+Uj' |De d~] #Y # | c qe' |De'
eqe d+U| u<y jTs' X' dXu <9' HjY
+# e> keT<9' Xuy< |u< ' HjT qe qT ksD
y<<9 deD9jT q<|< w' d+ue +T Cd HeTT |sjT e
ue XeT ds qT d+BjT $T uwsde T' nqe d+Uj'
|D+ jTTyTy\+ |d
Xsd s|+ <#d ds|< jT+ #de T b< y#
yjTj ' ~$<s |y#j X$Hue d++<+ |C
d+Us|', ess |', #, ` n |<$ u>eTT. |PsdeTT
qT+& |De|<eTTqT n<Vs+ #dT+f ` |DeeTT d+Us|eTT,
ess |eTT n s +&T $<e TT\T> qT+&Tq ds+ d~d T + ~. d+UjT
94
|PsM Te+k <s qyT
qj d+U. nq> d > <$Te TT> * #| q~ d+K < n+

n ueeTT. d+Us|+ jTdd' ` d+Us|' nq> d+K <
n+s|eTT qT+&Tq~ n nse TT. > d+U |DeeTT n+. n~
`9, | c qe'`|De' Xwy T q 9 qe d+K nH ns+ L& |De Xu
#| e#T. qe d+K jTT | w eTT < >=|qeTT eT]jTT <jTT
d+U ||+# (Number World) eT\eTT b< uweTT
$e]+#TH+. > d+K\ =$T~ < qed+K |Deds|eT
ks+XeTT.
ess b >T]+ $y+#T+<+. es nqj es' `
ns ' . e]+#~ (y\#) ese TT/ns e TT nH e qqTd]+ es'
ds|+ jTd d' ns y T ds|eTT < > \~ esd s|eTT n
jTse TT. > ese TT\ < ns e TT\ z+seTT |DeeT ns+ .
ess |yT q |DeeTT eTs\ |<, ; |u< e TT# s +&T $<e TT\T>
|dT + ~. ess |yT q z+seTTqT |<e TT> eT+eTT> L& u$+#e#T.
ds y<jT<eeTq ....... |<+ d+>VD My$T ` nH
d e#qeTT z+ qT |<+ > ]+ +~. |DeeTTqT eT+eTT> <+#
|DybdqqT |wT |b~+q~. > z+qT |<+ >qT eT++>qT
L& u$+# e#TqT. eT++> u$+q|&T n~ ;eTq &TT+~.
$<+ > |< |DeeTT, ;|DeeTT, d+U |DeeTT n |DeeTTqT
eT&T $<e TT\T> d+u$+# e#TqT.
;eTT |< d+K\ s +&+{ eT\sDyTq ~ >eq |< qyTq ~
( Primary ) nj T T, | < d + K\T >DeTT\T ( Secondaries ) > q T
jTq&T#Tq~.
ne] : yTT<{ s+&TdeTT\ |DeeTTqT |Ps|<y#T&q

XsTjTT y# Xs |+>qT, |<d + U ds|eTT\qT s +HsT.
|dT deTT |Ps]we TTq y#, y# ds|eTT\ s +&+{ >\
n$Hue d++<e TTqT u~+#T #THsT.
95
96
|PsM Te+k <s qyT
d+ 3 j s$Hue'
d+ 4 sDY
e' +D#]yT + j 'y#y#j

' n$Hue' d++<+
@e n_< q+eT_<j
T $THjY j ' d+U s|eD9 s||De
ejs| $Hue @ed++<'
qq_< q +eT_<j
T $Ty<#d V#d y#d |Ded
#$Huy-dT <e T+$sT< q |rjTeq jd+U eD9j
s$Hue #<T #
j ', n$Hue' ` n |<$ u>eTT.
d++<' nH |<e TT q<Vs+ #dT +f ` j ' nq> y#y#
ds|eTT\ s +&+{ n$Hue d++<e T dse TT.
d y#' |De' n y# Xs|eTT> #|&q |DeeTT
(z+seTT)q, <#eTTq ;d+U ]w, |Deds|eTT\ n$Hue
d++<e T >V +#*. ueeTT nq> < +&T (Existance) n
nse TT. $HueeTT nq> +& +&T < +& +&>\ T>T n
nse TT. n$HueeTq> { +& ys={ eTqC\, < +&C\
s +&TedTe \ eT< >\ |sd s d++<e TTqT n$Hue d++<e TT n+{sT.
y# y#ds|eTTq |<e s ;d+U |DeeTT\ eT< >\ d++<
eT$Hue d+u+<eT nq> n$ |sdseTT d< \djT jTT+&TqT.
Xuse TT\ e, eX \ e, n<V X \ e d< < H={
*djT jTT+{jT seTT.
ne] : >TsTb<T\T Xdu w & |Ps|e TT H=< s (sT y)
deTTq b<jT +> $e]ksT . qqT V#d y#d , |Ded#
n$H uydT. < eT+ $sT< q |rjTeqj' d+U esj
'
n$Hue' #Y ` # nq> y#yTq V #eTTq, y#y T q
|Dy y#y# d++< |sd]+#T n$Hue d++<eTT
d~+ #e#TqT. n+ $sT<e TT\T> eeV]+|&T#Tq d+Uese TT\
n$Hue d++< yTT bd>T T+~? nH |X < d+Xj de<q+>
H\T>e d |b~ksT >TsTb<T\T.
e' <| d+UeDs|j' y#j'sD Hy#H

@ d$<eq< $Huy-$sT< @ y <9'
n$Huy |eDeV
~ @|< deTT. |PsdeTT qT+& n$Hue' nH |<+
nqTe]dT + ~. > sD <$Hue' n d ds|+ d~d T + ~. BH
#sk$T d+Uess |j ' y#j
' sDH R y#H @ d
$<eqY n$Hue' n$sT< @s' n $e]ksT .
y#y#e TTq d+U|<e TT\ n$Hue d++<e TT sD e\
d~d T + ~. @esD ? n+f n$ s +& sDu yT q |Pse TT
VeTT < XsT ssD ue d++<e TTqT * jTT+&TjTq
ueeTT.
ne] : d+U|< |DeeTT\ jTT n$Hue d++<e TT e n_qe

\qeTT <T ~ X d |eD d<y T q < |k$+#T #THsT >TsTb<T\T.
d+ 5 XX
e' X'X|d<s|j s$Hue <9' #s |d~ s|
d# < < z$TV z$Tr<>d s + z+s@y<> d s +
z$Ts + V, ~Xdu ' y#y#j
s$Hued++<' u<
d+UeD9 jd++<' ~$<' #+ <s|k+ X #+ <sbw$ <' w9, <M dT, bC|, jEw, kMT, uV,
k+V ~$<' uekeT+ eD9keT+# jT<>jTr #T cY,
<e V#T cY n' >jTrV y uekeT+ ~qe {~qej<w
b~|+#eD9keT+ nq#, esZs De> 9-esZs D vjK ~qe
dsqeesZ esqZ y+esyZ
y#d #d y#j
d+UeD9 jX$Hue d++<+ s|
c+ Ckjk<q + <X9 jT
97
X' ` # ` n |<$ u>eTT. n$HueeTT nqT|<e TT n<VseTT>

>V+, deTT#js u<yTq #sT\# d |sD<T\qT L&
$e+ q#, X d |sD<T\jTT |DeeTT jTT y#y# ueeTTqT
|eD] +qy jT dse TT d~d T + ~. z$T V ` z$Tr<>"
ds yT ` z+s @ y<> " ds +... z$Ts + V ~ X e#qeTT\T
y#y#e TT\ n$Hue d++<e TTqT |eD] +#T#Tq$.
d+Uese TT\ ds|eTT #+ <s|eTT (y~ eTT), k+eT
s +&T $<e TT\T> d+, >TsTb<T\T #+ <s|eTTqT ` ` <M `
dT ` bC| ` jEw ` kMT ` ` uV ` n m$T~
$<e TT\T>qT, k+eTTqT ` uekeT, esk eTeTT\ s +&T$<e TT\T>qT
$Xw + |u< \qT |<] ksT . VeTT #T cY, >jT L& #T cY>H
]+ #&T#Tq~. eq s +{ uekeTeTT. +qT uekeTeTTqT
|sd ]+#T= n+\ `
1`#+<T&T, 2` H, 3`>TD, 4`y<, 5ùD, 6`sd,
7`|s , 8`>,9`~ ` |sjT |< s X e TT eeVseTT qTq~.
es keT$Tf ` ~qe ` {~qe ` b~|+# ` j<c ~>
#| &q~.
> y##eTT\ d+Uese TT\ n$Hue d++<e TT X
d deTyT q s|+|&q~.
ne] : es| < d+U<T\ Ck k<q eTT |b~+# &T#Tq~.
d6kV ++
e jTk<#y#j
s$Hue' k d+U;sU' ++ k<q +
HwD <9 ' +$TC ye #q+ VXj<9'
-$Huys|' sH|j
d+UeD9j' sDH
s$Hue+ |<X 9jT9 |DesD+ ds|eV ds'
kY ` ` V ` +yT ` n |<$ u>eTT. # kY nqT
<sXeTT |Ps]weTT < |dT+XyTq n$Hue d++<
98
|PsM Te+k <s qyT
ddT+ ~. nf `jTH <s X e TT# d+U ;sU<T\T >V +#&TsTT.

+|< e TT >TsTb<T\# ` ++ k<q + HwD ` n s+|&q~.
V ` nH~ Xjs <y T q nejTeTT. > y#eTTq #s U<T\
y#e TTq |< es; C<T\ n$Hue d++<e TT XsTT+|&q+<Tq,
n$ nq> d+U; s U<T\jTT Ck k<q eTT\>T#Tq eqT
XjTeTT ` n dse TT |s ed+#TqT.
$<eTT> d+Ues<T\ sDH (++>) n$Hue
d++<e TT s|+# &q~. |eT `
ne] : sH L& y#y#e TT\ n$Hue d++< s|+#

|jT + u>+> |De seTT\ dsb s dTH sT >sT b<T\T.
d7 |Dy <w | jT ' u-jT+ ||+ #'
e' |Dy<# sb~<9' d+UsbDy<w |jT',
@+<rD#] |+#w{ d|nc$c+' nssb<+s<
# |j
T X we D9' H |<<Vs' u ' | u ' njT+
ds + d+U+ eD9+# ||+ #' $XeTTq $T<Vs'
|Dy<+ | $rHeTT ]#<T #
|DyY ` nw | jT ' ` u ' ` njT+ ` ||+ #' ` n |<$ u>eTT.
deTTqT eTs\ ` |Dy<w | jT ' ` u ' njT+ ||+ #' `
n s +&T y\T> L& $+>&+ # e#TqT. s +&T yeTT\ es
q XeTTqT n<Vs+ #dTy*. nq> n<q+> d+u$+#T
y\qe.
y# |DeyTq d+K 9 qT+& ` nw | T\q> ` @+ (1), < (2),
rD 3), #] (4), |+# (5), w{ (6), d| (7), nc (8) ` d+K\T
qeTTq $. (#| ) ns s |yT q z+seTT qT+& ` n, , #, , ,
|, jT, X ` n nwe seZ TT\ ese TT $s$ +q$. d+U, es y#eTTq
|De 'deTTq eT\eTT\ nw | T\ eeVseTT.
99
k+K | T\ qT+& ` ds d+U ||+ #eTT (All the Numerical

World)
es | T\ qT+& ` ds es, ;CyT q |< ||+ #eTT (Pada
World) $s$
+#jT dse TT.
ne] : |DeeTT qT+& | w e TT, < qT+& $ s|eTT>

|d] + $d] +q $<qeTTqT|< +#T #THsT.
d8|]DeY
e >TDVss | $s~_bjTjT'
|]DeT|\ eV
~ @ |< deTT. |]DeY qyT ` nq> q
|<<VseTT# |]DeTeTT e\q $s$+q< dseTT. B
>TsTb<T\T >TDVs s|$sY ` n d#q bjT+> yUksT .
<= #eTs |PsyTq |<X |<. ~ ~X sXq |PsyTq
|<X e TT. |]DeTeTq> ` >TDVs s|$seT s +# &q~.
d+U ||+ #| {$sy d+u$+ >TDVs sX e TT (Direction
of Multiplications and Division) #Xs u$+#*. |+
#T ]<
eT[ >D+ |jT \qT (Four Fundamental Numerical Applications)
L& |]>Dq rdy*. n$ eT+> d+\q (Addition) ee\q
(Subtration) >TD (Multiplication) Vs (Division) nH$. H es
||+ #$se+ L& #T ]< b<$ T |jT \T uV |jT |u< \T>
XX d+ ` dw, wdY w, d+e, $e s|eTT $Xw + |&
$e]+#&HsTT.
$<+ > eT* | T\ |]DeT eT\eTT> d+U es ||+ #eTT
\TqeTTq e ks+XeTT.
ne] : |]DeT |seTT |*\qT sTy d+ $e]+|

&T#Tq~.
100
|PsM Te+k <s qyT
d9k eTT|#j
|#j
T
e' |]De~qTe' k+| $'HeTeTT|#j
|#j
T
e~Vk$<9' >TDqe~' Vs DVdX $u>'
|]DeTk|y<eV
k+ ` |#j
|#j
T ` n |<$ u>eTT. |]DeY nH~
nqTe #dT +f k+ nq> eT\ | T\T, y d++~+q
$T\ jTT |#j
|#j
T ` nq> e~j
T eTT\T d+u$ +#T #Tqe
ueeTT.
d+U ||+ # |+ d+\q, >TD (By Addition and Multiplication)
|jT\ e\q e~jTT, ee\q, Vs |jT\ (Substraction and
Division) e\q j
T eTT < VdeTT \T>T#Tq$. nf es, |< ||+ #+
$e, d+e |u< e TT\T e~j
T eTT\ sDeTTjT >V +#*.
ne] : |]DeT |u eeTTq e~j

<T\T |Pse TTq e]+|eH&
u<q+<T\ y] XjT eTTqT n_e ] +# #THsT.
d10 Hs' |PD9du<q+<'

e' >TDVs |jT Te ~ Vk|PD9d s ' ds d+U>T DVs'
que l u<q+< us#s' eTq u<q+<>V D+|PC<9+
|d+ >qT |d -|+ XSqy<eX+ss
, q, s ' , |Psd , , u<q+<' ` n |<# < e TT. ` nq>
d+\q, >TDeTT\# Hq e~ eT]jTT ee\q, u>VseTT\ e\qHq
VdeTT nH s +&TqT, |Psd q ` nq> |Pse TTq d+u$ +|e. s '
u<q+<' ` |Pse TTq _qyTq d+K\q lu<q+<T\y] eTeT
nse TT.
k<sDeTT> Xde TT ~ | Hy] eTeTT n+f e deTeTT
<H n_bjT+ n_e eTT+~. & u<q+<X e TT |PCse TT
101
>V+|&q~. #sk$T djT+> ` u<q+<>VD+ |PCseT

eT <sXjT eTTqT |{ k sT . ><T sZ T l u<q+< usr eTVk$TysT
l Dq+< usr eTVk$T >TsTe\T. MsT l X+> l $sb
l|s 41e |s~|T\T. ysT eT+d~ H=+~q eTVeT+y.
CweTT nkeqT\T, ysT |ssy T mH n<T\qT |<] +#sT.
n+<T >TsTeqT d]+#T+ |PCs+ n #bsT. l Db<T\T
|PCse TH ysT |s ~| T \T. y] eTeTT dsT \ deTyT . #sD j
T yT
n #| #THsT l Db<T\T.
```
ne] : k<sD+> dTqqT qes |+ >T]+#&+ <s,
ee TTqT XSqeTT (Zero)> u$ T+# neXeTTq~. CdT e\ ue T
|& +& V#]+#&+ deT |dT d$T ne]++| CjT &T#Tq~.
d11 XSq$T #H q+|r'
e' es b+d XSq+ T# eeVs #Y qq d+ ue
#Y d q+|d< ] < eqe~<9' qHq+ |d~ '
e< jT$c+d e qTe d#<T # XSq ejTd njT
e sb+d XSq eeVs' qT e s|d$u>' +TK
|e<<w uj
<q+d $w e|<X ' yeV]' qTedT <w'
|HD esb+d XSq+\jT' e<9'|jdkY
nqXSqy <|| ] s<+'
qHjTk| e eeVs' <+ d XSqe|<X #<V
ds'
XSq+, `#`Y q`q+ |r' ` n |<$ u>eTT. ed nH
|< n<Vs+ #dT +f ` ee TTq XSqeTTqT >V +#T <s< T .
@\q < q+yT |d< e TT> n+^]+|&q< dse TT.
d+U ||+ #eTT (Number World) |Pse TTq |rjT q ee TTq
q+eTT (Infinity) < \D
eTT> >V +|&q~. dTq \Ty{
102
|PsM Te+k <s qyT
Bse e TT 0 d# VeTT> >V +|&q~. ue TqT y]+#T

q+VeTT (Icon of Infinity) s+&T eeTT\ \sTT>
|<] +|&q~. eq dTq (XSH+eTT)qT ee TT> u$ T+#T nCqyT
| ysT <T. eq u<T\ XSqy<eTTq >D X de TTq se+q qT beD
|+#< XjTeTT> #| e#TqT.
ne] : Bse e TT (Ellipse) L& e |u< e TT>H |]>D+ |&TqT>

>#]+#T e\q n~ XSqeTT \<>T m deTs jTeTH |Ps|
de<q+> &| { < q 12e deTT ne]eT>T#Tq~.
d12 esTT <jTd #jTd #

e' jTed esTT HjsY XSq $TqT e'
|PsdY XSq+ejs $T|r' #sD9e|<X |
u+jTTE d# |PD9$Te<X jTd |Ps e|<X '
qTbse<9' sD<s ' sd+eT+rHjY nq<w'
nqTd e TT#j<9 XX' < < _+<TXSq+ _+<T' kqe+'
nDTd< X' nejTe$Xw' _~ nejTe<' XSq+T# eeVs
< $T<9 w <Xw _+<s| XSqe|<X _bjT'
d+UeT] Xc+XX d+UeTs Xc+Xk| |j qY XSq
eeVs |d< ' n' XSqd d _+<T] d+UeT] Xc+X #e|<X
_bjT' nd+eTr+ nq+d |PD9d d<d eeVsr
yTyXjT'
|PD9 MTe+k<X9H #T<9V ede b
esTTY ` jTd ` # ` jTd ` # n |<$ u>eTT. |Ps
deTT qT+& XSqeTTqqT e #d=q |+ jTd nq>
Bse e TTqT XSq d+UqeTT esTTY ` ejs $\dqeTT
103
e\qH # nH deTT#js nejTeTT Bs ee TTq ejs $\deTT

#H |Ps eTTqT u~+#T #Tq< dse TT d~d T + ~. > ` Bse e TTq
|Ps$ Te<X |Pse TT e q&T#Tq<qT eeVsyT |d< e TT>, |Ps
eTH& eeVseTT <T . XSq+ ejs |r' XSqeTT L&
u+ $\dqyT.
sD <s ' s d+eT sD >TD\T seTTq d+$TksTT.
(<' eT{ \D
eTT\T +& d+$T+qT) _+<TXSq+ _+<Te
XSqeTH eeV+ =+es n+^]+#&T#Tq~. @\qq _+<T' kq
e+' kq d#e TT> _+<Te nDT d< XeTT> sejT$ (nejTeeTT\T
~)> |+#T #Tq~. _~`nejTH nH <Te qT+& wqyTq
_+<TXeTTq nejTe sVeTTqT |sd]+#T= XSq $e
bd>T T+~. , nq+yT q |Pse TTq, d< eeVsr \D yT
| |]q |]eDe yT$<e TT>qT #| <s d<+eTT #d
jTd # nH |<~ se 4e VeTTqT eTTksT . ~se
V |]de| ddT+ ~.
104
|PsM Te+k <s qyT
4(v)|+#eVeTT
l|Ps MTe+k <X9H de |+#eT eVyT
|<e T ~rjT rjT #T sV w |Psd sb~+ ds + ||+ +.
<+ >+< |j q+ |PsC qd |\ +# s|sTTT+ |+#eV esu .
|{ H\T>< jTeTT\T < H\T>VeTT\T eTTd &| { < q
|+#eV+ |y dTH +. ~ |\ X s|yT q |+#eVeT
#|e#TqT. yTT<{ eT&<jTeTT\ y<>D Xk<s+>
VyjT q |Ps ds|eTTqT d+#& ey T T{jT deTsy T q s FjT
eT s|+# &q~.
XU#+< HjTeTT# d CHq+ >TDds|eTT, d<q+< |T qeTT
ee TX eTT, y>$wjT eTT Hq VeTTqT s|+ <]+|# d |jT +
u>+>, sb sFjT yTq eeTT>qT, y#+> |Dy
Xs |+qT y#+ > d+U, ;, s|eTT\qT dT|]#jT + #d |jT +
]+~.
<s qeT+ HeT, sb+>, X, <X+> m q&TTH
d$Tw> |+#+~jT >VyT. eq B ||+ #eTT> <]+#eTT.
X ||+ #eTT, d+U ||+ #eTT, s U ||+ #eTT e VeTT
jTT $esd s|eTT. deTw> VyTTfq d<+eTT.
+ es eTqeTT |]o*+q |< H+XeTT\qT $wjT |+#e TT>
d+>V + ||+ +#Te#TqT.
1.|Ps VeTT d CHq+eTT, n~rjTeTT.
2.|Ps VeTT jTT ss|eTT XsT&T. ee <X s|eTT
(Visible form) |De e jTT Xes|eTT (Audible form).
3.<Xs|yT q ey T qe_+<T d+jTTyT os| #| < jT s|yT q
||+ #+> |De dsb yUbjTyTq ~.
4.X VyTq |DeeTT y#y# |u< \ d+U (Number) |<
||+ #\qT |u$ +|#d q ~.
105
5.sUX ||+ #\T s +& s|He_ e+eTT sbdH \u yTq

Xs |w b~yT q nr+~jTCq (By supreme knowledge
beyond the senses) \u yTq
|Ps VeTT> s|dT H sTT.
@e+ $< |PsM Te+k <s q |]CqeTT jTT |\ X s|+ >
|+#e<jT+ bs+_+# &T#Tq~.
```
ne] : |PsM Te+k <s q eV *jTCd bs+ud +H
BH= eT|wT > ]k sT l Dq+< usr eTVk$TysT.
d1 @< eT|wY
e' @Y V #T wj
+ |PsM Te+k <X9 q+ eT|w s|
$T<9 ' eTV + #k~rjTedT |b< q yX u + XjT <HjT.
q qk~rj|s V|b< HX Uu< _ H|w <|j

<+ eTV $TX+j eV.
@`Y y` eT|wY ` n |<$ u>eTT. @< ` nq> ~ n
nse TT. ~ sX y# |<e TT. <>sZ qTq < ~ n #| #|
eeVseTTqTq $wjT yT. > |dT e TTq ` @< ` nq> eTq$T+es
#]+#Tq H\T>VeTT\ jT+<* $wjT CeTT n nse TTqT >V +#*.
~ eT|w. eTV`|``wY n B d+u$d |` nH
|ds \Z T eTT+<Tq w<` XH nH <Te qT+& <>sZ > n+ dMT|eTT
(&) LsT+&u T=, n$< < nCqeTTqT |P]> q+|#d CqeTTqT
u~+# |<X >+<e TT |wT n, eTV~XwD
+. < jTT ns
k<sDeTTqT *jTCksTT. y nH~ Xjs y T q nejTeTT. >
+ es eTqeTT H\T>T VeTT\ #]+#Tq $wjT eTT nCqeTTqT
|P]> q+|Cd , dds| CqeTTqT *+# nsk <sDyTq n~rjTyTq
|wT ` n dseTT d~dT+~. V$< < $<qT u~+#
|w<+Z <e TT |PsM Te+d ` n seTT.
106
|PsM Te+k <s qyT
ne] : |wT \ L& n$< es e TT\T, Cq|<e TT\T V$<

|b<e TT <! B L& |w #| +f nu +s+ <T .
eT|w eTVs+> s+#&+ $XwyT$TH d+Xj
sDeTT |b~ksT . s +&ed+ l Du> e <T\T
d2 <<9 <X9 HY
e' k eTT|w<+ j<9' b< ~<9'.
q qk||w <<6|rb< dT drweT<9 eT|PsjT+
jT X+w<
<s <s HY nqTq<= |<e TT. d ns' ` <s ' ` <s d <s qyT `
kY ` <s <s HY ` n $Xw + $>V y #| +f ` y< y<q
|b<yTq |Ps VeTT jTT deT>yT q nse TTqT |<] + u~+#T
e\q n seTT. |<, ;, d+U ||+ # ||+ yT q |Ps Xe
<X+> Audio visual Analyisis s|+#&+ e\q n L&
<s qXu nse TT #| e#T.
ne] : >+<e TV sDeTT $e]+ eT] s +&T sDeTT\qT
L& $e]+ >+<e TT jTT n|PsyTq n|s| eTTqT >TsTb<T\T
s|dT H sT.
ne] : | deTT |b~+qT> MT>+<e TT ds|w<s e TTqT
deT>eTT> |b~+q |b~+#e#T. n+eeTTq eTV $XwD eTT
B ks y T eT+~ ` nH d+Xj de<q+> eT&e d
|k$ksT k$TysT.
d3 +sd+~>+
e' V9nd >+<d d|w <<9 |b< + +|j q
$T # <d+ ~>+ |w<+ d+~><6 |k d+~> <<sD j
T $T
ue'
V+se V
107
+`]`nd+~>y T ` n |<$ u>eTT. +?]! ` nH~ d+d|

HqT& . Crj T eTqe. nsTT @+? n eTq+ \ T> T
d+uw+#TH|&T |y~ |+# k<sD +]? n+eq
<+ >=| $XwD
e? n sT |]|X nse TT.
< de<qeTT nd+~>e THe. |w b<qeTT\T e
u< qqTd]+ _q_q sb >#]+ d sj
T $wjT + d+~> q T
*dTH sTT. eqH
X]_H djT X_H'
eTVTTwD+ eTjT X_H'
s u + deTTbde +
eTVHjTq>' d|+ <' !
nH w eeVsqTdsD
+ d+|<jT $<T\# |eD] +|&q~.
eqH >TsT<e\T |PsM Te+k >+<e TTqT ds|wseTTqT d+>V +
d>+<e TT> sb+~+HsT.
ns y T q qT nd+~>e TT> ds q deTeTT> V<eTT> se<eTT>
eTV$wjT eTTqT ksu eTT> u~+#T ds# q >=|<qeTT. n~
eTVyT<eq ><T sZ T e\ eTq deTqT\ nd<TsZ T b<Tq lll
Dq+ l$sbl
|s d+|<jT$<T\+<se TT d>s eTT> d+u$+#T+
+{+. ds > |wT \ {q $Tq> n<T yT q Xe<X D
|jT (Audio visual Technology) qT|j + d s|eTT $<e TT>
$wjT eTTqT |b~+#T >+<e TT jTTjTT ><T sZ T e\ BX j
T TjTT
eVeTTq_ee TT #jT T#Tqe |+&se TT.
108
|PsM Te+k <s qyT
ne] : s +&e<q V+s$ TT dr]+| &T#Tq~.
d4kMTbY
e' kMTbY neeV sD ~<9 ' |< ;d+UH+ |s+ |sj

VT| s Uj k < T ~ue'
neeVyTyV
~ L& @|< dyT . eT|wY nqT|<e TTqT nqTe #dT +f
kMT|eTT e\q eT|w eT #| e#Tq nse TT d~d T + ~. se TTq
|w<+Z <e TT\T VeTTqT XU#+< HjTeTT# ~XsX + #d #|ksTT.
~ |<, ;, d+U ||+ #eTT\ sX + <s VeTTqT <>sZ > #|+
s FjT ||+ #+ eTT\ <s + <>sZ > \ +~X> rd= y sTT.
$wj sTT+ dw+ > lk$TysT ` |<; d+UH+ |s+ |sj

VT| s Uj' k< T ~ ue' ` n+f |Ps VeTH \
s|+#&+ |<, es, ;, d+U<T\ bs+|] VT + #| &H
s K | sDeTTq+<Tq, n~jT |< q |b<yTq |PsM Te+k>+<e TT
\ eTTq + #sT e #sT jTH& kMT|sDeTT e\q eTV |Psy T q ~>
|]>D+ |&T#Tq~.
ne] : \ yTq |Ps VeTTq kMT| $wjT eTT neeV eTT

` n+ kVeTTqT |sd ]+#T= s K dsXsTT b<qeTT
dr]+|&T#Tq~.
d5|<; d+U s UD eTTs s + jT'

e' |<+ Xd~ >+<s |+. ;+ eT+s |+. d+U~
qy~ |d< . s U# #~sb. k eTTs s + jT' |PsC q+
||Ps |Ps|j
s s + jT' ksD $T<9 '. qqT d+Uj
ds qTd qk @e qb<e T $T #q jT< |T {~+|
eT<k<sD| bH+ k< T + < +Uj dsqTd
| k<sD. sD+ s Uj @yy<s TTT+ |<; C deTT+
109
|<; d+UsUD+, s s + , jT' ` n |<$ u>eTT. X

d~ >+<e TT\jTT |< ||+ #eTT. ;eTT eT+s |eTT. ~qe,
{~qe ... ~> d+|&q<+jT T d+U ||+ #eTT. s U |<e TT#
e #TsTC~ #eTT\jTT >V+|&TqT. M |Ps VCq
VT<c |Ps|Ps|j
s s e TT jTeTT\T> #| &q$. >
|Ps VeTTq neeV eTT < n+ kV kMT|eTT\qT
|sd]+#T= |<eTTq ;eTTq < +f d+K n{q sK
s s jd eTT #| &q~. k< T sDeTT> s K n{q
$wy T q b<qeTT |* +|&q< ueeTT.
s+ue TT qT+& T~es nqTdeTT> nqTe]dT q d+K |< q
sDeTT m+<T\ >V +|&< T ? nH |Ps|e TTq de<qeTT>
esT\T ` |T {<T s && eT{e T\sDyT nsTTH neeV <
n+ dV sDeTTq b\eTT\ ksDeTT mT #| &q<
nf d+K ds nqTe jTTq|{ s K ksDeTT #| &q<
seTT. $wjT eTTqT *jTCjT T |<; d+UsK\ s s
jd eTT deTT <s |b~+#&q< >V +#*.
ne] : +es |PsMTe+k<sq eVeTTqT d+k|+q

>TsTb<T\T @<+Z <> $wjT yX < eTTqT miT|s # T #THsT.
d6 <+Tbse~9+
e' <+ |PsM Te+k<X9q+ bse~9+ |se <9u< yTeT
Xuq y<+H+ H<9 |d +X u< + d#.
qqd |se <9 u~ s+XCq+ < $TX+jeV.
<+, T, bse]y T ` n |<$ u>eTT. <+ ` |PsMTe+k
<s qeTT TèyT , bse]y T ` |se s eTT HiT|s # T q~. Bq
_qeTTq <s q >+<e TT\jTT y<y < +eTT\+<T #| &q |se s
CqeTTbT, se TTq yeV] $wjT eTT\qT L& bd+eTT>
110
|PsM Te+k <s qyT
|seT]ksTT. nT>+& |PsM Te+k<s qeTT e\ bse]y T q

|Ps V eTTqT eyT |b~+#T # ~ eyT eTVA|w
q<q< seTT.
ne] : ysC H |<sC qd sDY nH Xdj

T |]uw qqTd]+
bse] $wjT eTT jTT |]CqeTTq yeV] $wjT |]CqeTT
L& eXyT qqT $wjT eTTqT |se TT> |k$ksT .
d7 ds eTq <<sjTDY
e' ds eTqY |PsC q <q s+ u<sjTDY yk <e>+e$T
Xw' yd|D y<+ <X9H ds eTH eTT|qd q <+Z <C \+
<c Cj
T $T s<9'
qqT s\+ XeD~H |PsC H C +|j q eTHH X+j
eV
ds yT, nqY, u<sjTDY n |<$ u>eTT. ~ e\ |se s
|b<y T q >+<e T |Ps VCq |se se TT HiT>Tedsy T q
yeV] |]CqeTTq+qT nqY ds + n *| < u<sjTDY
nq> u<sjTD Vd <s qeTT < y<q <s qeTT qT+&
>V+#e\dq< ~XsXeTT #ksT. j $wj+seTT\qT
*d=q>sTysT ds eT|Hd sd |PseTT> bse] eTTqT
d+k|+q y<q MTe+k<sqyTq u<sjTD duc<T\qT
d+|~+# e#Tq d+#&q~. d#q bse] CqeTTq
yeV] |]CqeTT L& eXyT nqT $wjT eTTq #s b<T\
$|| <q T $wjT eTTqT *jT#dT q ~.
deTT +#T$T+#T> |PsMTe+k >+<eTT |PssTTqf
u$+#e#T.
111
112
|PsM Te+k <s qyT
e\ |Ps VeTT jTT miT \T>TT+< @y *dq $wjT +.

miT < |se s |]CqeTT e\q eTq=]><$T{? +f bjT<$T{?
nH d+Xj \ de<q+> d |b~ksT .
<XH TTwseT<e' ||< nV+ eTqTsue+ ...@<e

V$ d beDqT L& |k$ksT
ne] : |se s Cq |b<q |sy T q >+< eTqq+ #d =q&+
e' |Ps$ Y. |PsC , |Psy T e. |Psd s|@e ue rkeHq|+d+ .

|Ps$ <' |Psd s| |eD+ <X9jT
|Ps$ Y ` |Ps+ @e ` ue n |<$ u>eTT. |Ps+ yr |Ps$ Y
n $>V yeTT. |Psy T q VeTT H]+qy&T |Ps$ <T&q &T&T.
nTe+{ |Psy |Psy T nq> |Ps VyT nsTTb& ueeTT.
~ V $< V e u e V y V y T nsTTb& H
|w< #q+ d+e~dT+ ~. $<y T q |Ps eTT < uVd b+<&y T
Jeq |se se TT. B q+~#TjT >+< \ eTT.
ne] : |Psy |PsT& nsTTb&q& y< beDeTTqT |dT

d+ |k$+#&q~.
d 9 X#
e' XY X |b< eq~<9' XX

|Pse T<'|Ps$ T<+ |Ps s eTT<# |Psd |Pse <jT |Psy T yew
< XqwseT<e' ||< nV+ eTqTsue + ds X~ eTVjT+
@<e V$<b|s $T< >V ue'
q e\+ X'+T ds| V
XY ` # n |<$ u>eTT. |PseTT e # L& #seTTqT
deTT#js e TT> u$+#*. |Ps$ sy T e ue nH $wjT + X
deTeTT L& ` q+ yeT<e eTV] |Ps$ <T& |Ps eTT q+~q X
|eDeTTqT e >+<e TT >TsT<e\T jT<<+ > `
|Pse T<' |Ps$ T<+ |Ps se TT<# ,
|Psd |Pse <jT |Psy T yew
>TsTb<T\T.
d10 dX
e' dsw+ |<+ |Ps d d#jT . dX @c uVd ' b<9
HH + b| $eTTV d k eT+|- VsD eT# d+<
Vwq+ X#++ b<9+ lu>yHsjTD' bV. @c uV
Vd++< d ' @y+d + b| deTTVq| yV+ bbr <9'
nk+ d d n+-| VsDeT# bbr<9'.
| +s eV
d' # ` n |<$ u>eTT. d jTT beDeTT L& |PsE
& T
|Psy T nsTTb&H $wj <T M]dTq < dse TT. e >+<e TT
>TsTb<T\T ^d
@c uVd ' bs! HH +b| $eTTV
d k eT+| VsDeT# (u. ^.)
|Ps d~ b+~qy&T uVu +se TT\+<T <H <]d <
qT+& eTs\ $&e& +& +{&T. $wjT eTTq lX+sT \ |se T>TsTeq
>&b<#sT\y] jTT
eu+s+ <c + <cT uV'
r ud<seT' < |#T uyY
nH eT|<X e TTqT eTqq+ #dT + nqTd+<+#Ty*.
nsTH , |Ps s|yT q uVd b+~qy&T eTs\ Xy VeTT\qT
b+<&T. BjT+<T s$T+# seTT&T n+\+ L& Vq+<
d V#]>H q+<|T qT&T>H $T*b& ><T sZ T eT|<X + .
113
114
|PsM Te+k <s qyT
ne] : |q #| &q |\ XH nq> Vy Vu T& XX+>
OM
seTT&T>H *b&H $wj ~s<+ d+<+ ue nH

HjqqTd]+ nHe ~se+ #d |]de| d |<] ksT
>TsTb<T\T.
5.PURNA MIMAMSA
d11 nHe sHe'

e' |Ps$ <' He' |qse ue @e ue rXw' X C\+
js ejT qeTyT. qd|qses qd|qses, @q
||< eHeT+ eqe ees+ Hes+ VeT_d+|< , ~
X<9 d dT HV||+ +. n| ~sT sV |]deb.
eT+>+ eTV'
nHe' nHe' ` n |< $u>eTT.

|Ps$ Y |Psy T e ue n |PseTT #| &qT |PsT& q |Psy
|Psd qT+& |qse b+<&H $wj nHe' n ~se #d
|k$ksT. Xd d+|<jT+ |s+ ~se Xd |]de|
*jTCdT + ~.
e >+<+ >TsT<e $wj Xy\ s|+ ` j
}s ejTqeT yT, q d |qses , qd| qses ` @q ||< eH
eT+ eqeees+ HesH V eT_d+ |< ` n |<] ksT .
qd|qses ` q d|qses nH X y\ |s|yT
nHesH e' ` nH d+ |Ps+ MTe+k<s qeTT Hs+_+q~
yTT<\T |]de| |s +eTT X, d, Xd d+|<j\qT b{d
><T sZ T e\T u~+#sT. eT|<X + Ds+ . nd<<T\
>TsT<e\qT >V +q eTV|' |\ eT H q$T.
Xu+ ue T.
lb<T
oyd
It is admitted on all hands tht Sruti and Smruti, Purna and Itihasa,
the sacred Spiritual Lore of Aryavarta, proclaim in thundering voices
that "One who knows Brahma achieves the highest goal of life",
"Brahmavit apnoti Param." Brahma is not a thing that can be
cognizised by means of senses or Manas, but is One without a
Second, which should be realised by one's own Supreme Intelligence,
through the Initiation of a Sadguru, that has come in the line of
Bhagavan Narayana, the first Jagadguru, that has given the Nine
Prajapatis, the Pravrutti form of Dharma, and the five Holy Sages,
the Nivrutti form of Dharma. Pravrutti Dharma is otherwise termed
Yoga or Karma, whereas Nivrutti Dharma, Sankhya or Jnyana. Both
these kinds of Dharma lead to the Highest Goal, the true followers.
Brahma is incomprehensible and inconceivable, hence words,
however nice and grand they may be, would fail to make the
recipients grasp the real Status. So Bhagavan has put before His
Disciples, a good many Holy Means, by which He wished to convey
the Real Knowledge. All these methods of knowledge can be
systematically and scientifically classified into the four kinds 1. Pa da (Word), 2. Bija (Root cause) 3. Sankhya (Number), and
4. Rekha (figure).
Pada is the Huge Kalpataru of Knowledge, whose main
branches are the Rik, the Yajus, the Sama, and the Atharva Vedas,
sub-branches are the Smruti, leaves and flowers and the Purna and
Itihasa and fruits are the Darsanas. Bija is the Holy Mantra, the root
cause, nay the seed, from which the huge tree of knowledge evolves;
Samkhya is the Holy Number that stands as a mark of representation.
And the Rekha is the Holy figure that stands as the perfect graph of
115
the holy thought. The Rekha is technically called the Chakra or the
Yantra, and it is revered as the very object of Worship. Even though
the Number is here reckoned separate from the Bija for the sake of
better understanding; both the Bija and Samkhya are one and the
same as they are closely related to each other, for practical
purposes.
It is no wonder to a true aspirant on the path if it is sail that
these four forms, the Pada, the Bija and Samkhya, and the Rekha
are the keys of knowledge. Every aspirant, nay every student, nay
every Brahmachari, is initiated into the Holy Mantra, is given the
Holy Yantra as the very object of Worship, and is required to study
the Holy Veda. Bija and Samkhya fall under the category of Mantra.
To unveil the mysteries of Pada, Mantra and Rekha, three sciences
have been developed and entrusted to the care of the Brahma Rishis,
which are a mystery to the ordinary pale of students and aspirants.
The three sciences are technically called the Pada sastra, Mantra
sastra, and the Yantra sastra. Pada sastra has given birth to the
science, Grammar of Panini, Mantra sastra to the science of
Numbers, Arithmetic and Algebra, and Rekha sastra or Yantra sastra
to the sciences Geometry, Conic sections and Trigonometry.
The three sciences Pada sastra, Mantra sastra and Yantra
sastra, have each for their end and aim the presentation of the
fundamental Goal, the Brahma, bearing the nice harmony one with
the other among themselves. In one word these three sciences are
no more than three brilliant rays of light, proceeding from the same
fountain head of Light, nay three rays of brillian light converging into
the same Grand focus. The fountain head of knowledge, from
which the three rays of Science are proceeding and the Grand
focus into which the three rays of Science converge, is the Holy
Purna Mimamsa Darsana of Jagat Guru Sri Kalyanananda
Bharati Manthacharya Swami. Sringeri Sri Virupaksha Sri
Peetham.
116
|PsM Te+k <s qyT
The Purna Mimamsa Darsana consists of 54 short aphorisms,

called Sutrams divided into 5 Chapters called Ahnikams. The Sutrams
are very laconic as such they are beyond the comprehension of all
readers, however grand their intellects may be So an exposition of
the Holy grand thoughts is essential, in the light of the Holy
Sampradaya of the Brahma Rishis, to facilitate the true aspirants on
their path.
Hence a short and clear commentary of the Darsanam will be
placed before the recipients.
The commentary will be better equipped, if it is introduced with
a short dissertation, representing the way in which the three sciences
are focussed in the Purna Mimamsa.
Vedic Literature :- The whole of Vedic Literature has for its
end and aim the gist of two grand and holy teachings :- 1. The teaching
of Brahma Rishi Varuna, to his dutiful son Bhrugu, and 2. The teaching
of Brahma Rishi Uddalaka to his dutiful son Swetaketu. These two
teachings expound in full the fundamental Doctrine of the Vedic Lore,
in its systematic form, hence contain in them the rationale of each
and every query of each and every science. Both these teachings
proclaim in roaring voices that the multifarious objects (Bhutani)
perceived, evolve from the fundamental cause only without a second,
and that it is absolutely necessary for one to realise the fundamental
cause to realise the Highest Goal of Life, and that by the knowledge
of the Supreme fundamental Cause, one would acquire the
knowledge of one and all.
Objective World : The objective world, however variegated
and diverse it may appear at the very outset, is merely two fold in its
nature. 1. Nama (name) and 2. Rupa (Form). Under the Nama come
the Pada, Bija, and Samkhya, whereas Rupa is Rekha. Both the
Nama and Rupa are so closely linked to each other that the idea of
the one will not go without the other under any circumstances. Strictly
speaking, both the Nama and Rupa are only phases of one and the
same thing or object.
117
Observation : Vedic Lore proclaims that the fundamental

Cause of the Objective World is One only without a second. Let us
therefore make a scientific scrutiny of the various phases of the
Objective World, and verify the truth of the Vedic Doctrine. To be
brief, the phases of the Objective World are four and four only, Pada,
Bija, Samkhya, and Rekha. Thus We have before us, four Worlds,
to all practical purposes, 1 The Pada World, 2. The Bija World, 3. The
Samkhya World, and 4 The Rekha World. Hence let us take one
World after another for our observation.
Rekha World : Of the four Worlds, Rekha World is the foremost
to be taken into consideration, for the reason that it represents the
form perceptible of the Objective World. The perceptible form is
technically called the Rupa, and the graphic representation of the
Rupa is technically called the Chakra, (the figure). It is no Wonder to
any observer that a good number of Chakrams of various
descriptions are worshipped every day by worshippers of Veda, as
the very forms of the Deity which they adore. These Chakrams, the
very objects of worship of various descriptions, are here technically
called the Rekha World. To place before our readers, the grandeur
of the Rekha World, as the very prominent means to realise the
Highest Goal. We herein expound the mysteries of the simplest
forms of the Chakrams, that are within the ordinary reach of one and
all. The simplest forms of chakrams are technically called, 1. Bindu
Chatushtaya, 2. Pancha Kona, and 2. Shat Kona. To all practical
purposes, these Chakrams should naturally inclosed in a Circle,
which is technically Called Maryada Vrutta (bounding circle) Thus
we have before us.
118
|PsM Te+k <s qyT
ending with Sthamba (Jarayuja, Andaja, Swedaja and Udbhija) take

their birth (evolve) from the Brahma. And Brahma Valli commences
with the evolution of the Purusha thus :- Form Brahma (which is
otherwise termed Atma) Akasa evolved; from Akasa, Vayu; from
Vayu, Agni; from Agni, Apaha; from Apaha, Prithvi; form Prithvi herbs;
from herbs, Annam (Food); and from food evolved into Rethas,
evolved the Purusha - the perceptible corporeal Rind with head,
hands, trunk and legs. And this Purusha is said to be the final product
of evolution from Atma or Brahma. To avoid confusion and
misconstruction, Mother Sruti, with the tip of the pointed finger, is
pointing out the Purusha thus :- This is the head of that Purusha, this
is the right wing; this is the left wing; this is the atma (Middle); and
this is the tail. Thus the perceptible human form is pointed out by
Mother Sruti, as consisting of five parts, akin to the five parts of a
bird - head, two wings, body and tail. To understand the similarity in
the human form, a little nicety in the arrangement of the human form
should be observed.
Arrangement of the human form :- Let the Observer, calmly go
alone, and lie flat with his back downwards, and face upwards, upon
a vast sandy plain, with head towards the East, and feet towards the
West. And then let him open his eyes wide, and observe on all sides
around him with a Mathematical Intellect. It goes without a saying
that he feels himself to be at the centre of one and only one Circle
without a second, with the Horizon as the Circumference.
N.B:- It is this observation of the first Geometrician, that blessed
him with the conception and definition of the Circle.
Posture 1:- Let the Observer place his right palm close to the right
To understand the mysterious knowledge which these

chakrams graphically represent, one should have a clear knowledge
of the Tittiriya Upanishat.
hip joint, and the left palm close to the left hip joint, with the hands
Gist of Tittiriya Upanishat :- Varuna taught to Bhrugu, that

these perceptible Bhutani, commencing with Brahma (Prajapati) and
face.
lying flat on the ground, bulging like a bow; and let the legs also be
placed flat on the ground, with the feet touching each other face to
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Observation:- Now the teaching of the Tittiriya Upanishat, can be

fully realised by the observer correct to the very letter. His head, the
head, right arm, right wing, left arm, left wing, the middle trunk, the
middle Atma, and the legs the tail. Now, let the observer draw a nice
graph of his own posture, as directed herein - Commencing with
Brahma Randhra, (the centre of the head) passing through the left
arm-pit, touching the left side and knee-cap, the central fingers of
the feet, right knee-cap and side, and passing through the right
arm-pit to Brahma Randhra. This graph, if nicely traced with a little
mathematical intelligence, would assume the form of an Ellipse. Let
another be drawn from the centre of the net, passing along the left
shoulder, elbow and palm, touching the Linga (penis) and passing
along the right palm, elbow and shoulder, to the centre of the neck.
And this graph too, assumes the form of another Ellipse. Thus the
whole graph appears as if it were made up of two Ellipses cutting
each other cross-wise. The figure clearly exhibits the five portions :1. The head, 2. The right wing, 3. The left wing, 4. The body and 5. The
tail. It is plain that this figure is the graphic representation of the
Annamaya Kosha or the Sthula Sarira. This figure can as well
represent any of the other Koshas, for the reason that every Kosha
is described by the Sruti, as consisting of the same five parts, though
with relative characteristic Significance; further meditation of the other
Koshas in the light of Brahmavalli, would gradually lead the observer,
to forget, rather neglect the 4 koshas, Annamaya, Pranamaya,
Manomaya and Vijnyanamaya, and identify himself with the
Anandamaya kosha, when he thinks of himself as having the 4 points
of his form huge the Brahmarandhra, the tips of the right and left
elbows, and the tip of the central fingers of the feet, touched and four
cardinal points of the Huge Circle, whose circumference is the
Horizon. And this is no more than the Chakram, No 1. In brief this
figure, or Chakram, is the graphic representation of the Microcosm,
(Purusha), as taught in Brahmavalli. Microcosm is an epitome of the
Macrocosm nay Macrocosm is analogous to the Microcosm. So
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this simple graph is as well the representation of the Macrocosm,

Purusha, described in Purusha Sukta, of Vedic renown. Hence this
Chakram is prescribed as the very object of worship, to those who
are authorised to worship the Purusha of the Purusha Sukta.
Posture 2 :- Let the observer, now straighten his hands a little, and
place the tips of the middle fingers of both the hands a little near the
knee-caps on both the thighs. And let a nice graph be written as
directed :- from the Brahma Randhra trace the course along the left
shoulder joint, elbow, knee cap tips, of the middle fingers of the feet,
right knee cap, elbow, shoulder joint, to the Brahma Randhra. Now
the course of the mathematical line would place before the observer
a fine Ellipse. Now let the observer conceive a straight line, passing
through the three points - 1. Brahma Randhra, 2. Muladhara (Annus)
and 3. Tips of the middle fingers of the feet, and another straight line
passing through the navel, perpendicular to the above, crossing the
elbows both ways. These straight lines are called the axes of the
ellipse. Let the two straight lines be produced both ways to meet the
horizon. They would naturally touch the cardinal points of the Horizon.
And the wonderful feature of the ellipse under consideration,
The navel (Manipura) is the centre, whereas, the Swadhishtana (near
Linga), and Anahata (near the heart), are the two foci : - or Muladhara
(near the annus), and Visuddha (near the collar), are the foci. A little
more meditation of the Pranamaya, Manomaya Vijnyanamaya, and
Anandmaya Koshas, in the light of the Brahma Valli, would make the
observer feel highly astonished to see the wonderful Confocal Conics
flash before him in dazzling colours. The Horizon, the circle, the five
koshas the Ellipses, and Sushumna, the line ellipse. Thus the
following equation of a system of confocal conics is favoured by
Brahma Valli :-
x2
a2 +
Plus
y2
b2 +
= constant (1)
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Posture 3 :- Let the observer assume another peculiar posture as

directed herein :- Let the two legs be straightened stiff, and separated
from each other, so that the tips of the toes, the tips of the teats, on
either side should be in the same straight line with the Brahma
Randhra. The two straight lines should resemble to all practical
purposes the two equal sides of an Isosceles triangle. Let the right
palm be placed on the right teat, close and the left palm upon the left
teat with the elbows straightened. A nice mathematical graph of this
posture would bless the observer with the Chakram, 2. This chakram
also exhibits the pentafold classification of Brahma Valli, in another
way; hence can be deemed as another representation of the Purusha,
the Microcosm. This Chakram is generally worshipped by those
who worship the Purusha in the form of Siva.
Chakram 3 :- The Shatkona is widely known as the Sudarsanam.
The word 'Darsanam' means a clear exposition of Philosophical
truths, nay the doctrines of Philosophy. The prefix Su means perfect
or complete. Hence Sudarsanam means perfect and clear exposition
of Upanishadic Philosophy. This Sudarsanam is revered as the very
Chakram, which Bhagavan Sri Krishna holds ever and anon, in His
right hand. It goes without any say that Gita is the perfect Darsanam
of Sri Krishna Bhagavan, in the form of Pada, whereas this Chakram
is the Darsanam of Sri Krishna Bhagvan in the form of Rekha. Hence
the whole of Bhagavat Gita, is merely an exposition of this
Simple Chakram the Shatkona, nay, this Shatkona is Gita in a
nut-shell. Such is the grandeur of the various Holy Chakrams that
have been the objects of worship from time immemorial in India.
Mathematical Significance :- All these Holy Chakrams appear to
all practical purposes, as if they were formed by the combination of
the Mathematical figures to be seen in Geometry and Conic Sections,
in harmony with the Mathematical laws. Hence close study of the
light of the Mathematical laws would make the students of Philosophy,
realise the lofty philosophical problems easily without any confusion,
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for the reason that the first Mathematicians developed their Science
from these Chakrams and laws of Philosophy only. In one word,
the whole of the elements of Geometry, was simply developed
out of the Shatkona (Sudarsanam), while the Panchakona
contributed to the development of Conic Sections. Every
Mathematical wonder and rarity is no more than the
representation of some philosophical truth or other; and every
Mathematical Problem is no more than an image of some
philosophical problem or other.
Vedanta and Figures:- It is said that the Mathematical figures have
had their birth from the philosophical (Vedantic) conceptions; and it
will not be out of place, if a few illustrations are shown in favour of
the argument. The fundamental plane figures of the Mathematical
Science are 1. The Point, 2. The straight line, 3. The angle, 4. The
lateral, the type of which is the Euailateral triangle, and Square, 5.
The Circle, 6. The Parabola, 7. The Hyperbola and 8. The Ellipse. In
strict logical sense, these eight, rather nine forms, can be termed
the Conics, or Conic Sections. What is a Conic, or Conic Section,
then? Conic Sections are the figures formed by the outlines of the
cut surfaces, when a cone is cut by a plane. What is the Cone, that
ever stood before the first Geometrician, to have a copy of all the
figures, necessary for the building up of his Science? It is no more
than the Majestic and Holy Cone, that has been the object of
Worship of holy sages in Aryavarta, from time immemorial;
which is generally revered as The Sri Chakra, Meruprastara.
From this definition of the Conics, we can very easily conceive,
that all the Mathematical figures have had their origin nay, birth,
from a single form, the cone. Hence the Cone can be easily
realised as the fundamental cause of all the Scientific figures,
of multifarious kinds. Even the highly polished definition of the
conic, bears testimony to the same fact. The definition runs thus :"One definition which is of especial value in the geometrical treatment
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of the conic sections in plano, is that a conic is the locus of a point

whose distances from a fixed point (termed the focus) and a fixed
line (the directrix) are in constant ratio. This ratio, known as the
eccentricity, determines the nature of the curve; if equal to unity, a
parabola; and if less than unity an ellipse. In the case of a circle the
centre is the focus, and the line at infinity the directrix; we therefore
see that a circle is a conic of zero eccentricity."
The definition of a conic in projective geometry, leads us to still
more wonders. A conic section is defined as the projection of a
circle "the particular conic into which the circle is projected depends
upon the relation of the Vanishing line" to the circle; if it intersects in
real points, then the projection is hyperbola, if in imaginary points an
ellipse, and if it touches the circle, the projection is a parabola. From
this it can be fairly argued that the conics have had their origin,
rather birth, from the circle and circle alone. It can as well be
argued that the lateral figures, also have had their origin, from
the circle and circle alone. It is a well-known problem in the
science, that the circle is only a polygon of N sides. Polygon
means many-sided figure. Many means more than one in
vernaculars, and more than two, in classics. By substituting
the values, 2,3,4,5 and so on, to N, we reaslise, one after another,
an angle, a triangle, a quadrilateral, a pentagon and so on, the
various figures of the science. If solid be taken into
consideration, the cone stands as the fundamental cause of all
the figures; and if plane be taken into consideration the circle
stands as the fundamental cause of all the figures. Whether it
is the solid or the plane, it is immaterial, for the seekers of Vedic
knowledge. It is sufficient if they can realise that the fundamental
cause of all the forms is one, and only One, without a second.
They can as well realise that Brahma, the Purnam is the
fundamental cause of all forms perceive; and that Brahma is
One, and One only without a second.
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Now, coming to the various forms perceived in the science, we
describe here in brief, what Vedantic conceptions are represented,

by the fundamental forms described above.
1. The Point :- The point stands for Avidya, Avidya is deemed
as Midhya. Midhya is that which has no positive existence, but
appears to exist for the time being. A point is defined as that which
has no parts or which has no magnitude. To all practical purposes,
a point has wide application in the science, but in its real aspect, it
displays no single property of a figure, which is expected to have
some dimension, or other for it to be taken into consideration. Hence
the mathematical aspect of the point is a mere echo of the Vedantic
aspect of Avidya midhya. The equation, that the point is a circle
with zero radius, also corroborates the same Vedantic Law.
2. Straight Line :- The straight line represents the Guna. The
conception of the straight line is derived from the popular "guna"
which means the string of a bow. Guna in Vedanta is any one of the
three, Satwa, Rajas, and Tamas, which are considered as the
component parts of Prakruti. Straight line is a fundamental illustration,
that bears testimony of the Law of Adhyasa (Superimposition), of
the Vedanti. It is the fundamental illustration that brings to the mind
of the observer, the conception of Adhyasa, in a concrete form
perceptible to the same eye. The observer sees the horizon circular,
that is completely curved. Hence any part of the horizon, should
naturally be a curved line being the part of the curvature. But the
observer perceives only a straight line, between any two points of
the horizon, within a short range of observation. It is this observation
that had led the first scientist to frame his problem "That a circle is a
polygon of N sides. Now what is the figure that is within the range of
the observer who perceives the horizon complete in one range of
observation? It is no more than the plane figure, circle contained by
one line horizon, which is called the circumference. What is that the
observer feels in his second observation, with reference to the same
figure? A polygon of N sides. How can it be possible for one and
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the same space to be bounded by one curved line and N lines,

whether curved or straight? surely, it is impossible. The horizon
should be one curved line, or N lines; and not both. Which is correct?
If one is correct, the other is false. As far as direct perception is
taken into consideration, one curved line is the reality; hence, N sides,
is mere superimposition. Yet Superimposition is not without purpose.
Along the reality, superimposition works hand in hand with the reality
to facilitate the Yyavaharica (the worldly life), and to realise the
mysteries of the Paramarthica (The Reality). It is only through the
superimposed straight line and the polygon that we have to realise
the various measurements of the curved figures. One word of
importance with reference to the superimposition of the straight line.
the observer perceives the circular space and the horizon directly,
but observes not any point or straight line, to present him with the
ideas of a point, the centre, or a straight line, the radius or the diameter.
The definition of the circle, clearly shows the superimposed nature
of the point and the straight line. A circle is a plane figure contained
by one line which is called the circumference, and is such that all
straight lines drawn from a certain point within the figure are equal to
one another. Here straight lines are said to be drawn; hence, they
are nothing but; the work of human superimposition. And similar is
the case with the point which is described as a certain figure. Hence
the centre, the diameters, the cardinal points on the
circumference (Horizon) and the radius are no more than the
work nay superimposition of the scientific thought.
3. Angle:- Strictly speaking, the Angle stands for the Guna
of the Vedanta. It is for the reason that the angle is the inclination of
two lines, that the lines, also are reckoned as the marks, nay
representation of the Gunas. The classic name, Gonia for the angle,
shows clearly the real origin and significance of the figure. The Greek
Gonia is a simple derivative of the Sanskrit Kona; and kona is the
Vedantic representation of the Guna. We may even think that the
term Gonia is a directive of the term Guna itself.
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4. The Triangle (equilateral) :- The Gregerian term for the

triangle will place us on a more safe ground. The term is Trigon. It is
nearly allied to its parent Sanskrit term Trigunam. The term Trigunam
means the congregation of the three guna, Satwa, Rajas and Tamas.
Prakuti is defined as being made up of the three gunas. Hence
Triangle equilateral stands for the Vedantic Prakruti.
5. The Square :- The square stands for the cardinal points of
space. It is called Bhupura; and Bhupura means the plane
superficies, with regular dimensions, and boundaries.
6. The Circle :- Circle is said to be the fundamental cause
of all figures; hence it should naturally stand for Brahma, the
Purnam. What is the Circle? It is the maximum space that falls
within the range of observation complete, on the plane superficies
of the Earth, with horizon as its boundary. And this space is called
Akasa. It is no wonder if it is said that the Circle represents aptly
this Akasa visible. Tittiriya Sruti proclaims that Brahma is that
which has Akasa for his body - "Akasasariram Brahma". Another
Sruti speaks of the Brahma as "Gagana Sadrusam", (resembling
the Akasa) And visible Akasa is the Circle. Hence the circle is no
more than Brahma the Visible. That is why the Circle is termed
the Purnam, in Sanskrit, a synonym of the word Brahma, so that
it may serve the two-fold purpose, the Vyavaharica, in the Science,
and Paramarthica, in Vedanta Philosophy.
Strictly speaking, the Circle is the only available form, by which
Brahma can be realised. It is the representation of the Visible
Brahma, and not of the Real Brahma, which is above all planes of
perception, and representation. For the reason that the Circle is the
representation of the Visible Brahma, it is the nearest possible
representation of the Real Brahma. Visible Brahma is technically
called the Iswara, so that the observers may keenly realise the
distinction between the two forms of Brahma, the Visible, and the
Invisible.
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The centre of the Circle is called the Avidya, and the

Circumference, the Avaranam, a form of Avidya, which has the
supernatural power of covering the Original Supreme Intelligence.
This Avaranam is two-fold- Maya and Avidya in the View of certain
sages. Then the circumference of the circle represents the Maya,
Whereas the circumference of the Ellipse, the Avidya. Here the
readers should not confound the Avidya, genus, with Avidya,
species. This Avidya is deemed as the Avaranam of the Jiva, in
contrast with Maya, which is deemed as the Avaranam of Iswara.
The singularity of the Circle bears testimony to the Oneness of the
Iswara, and the variety of the Ellipses to the manifold variety of the
Jivas.
Parabola, and Hyperbola, too as the projections of the circle,
similar to the ellipse, can be easily realised as the representations of
some forms of Avidya, after the manner of the ellipse, hence they
can be very easily argued as the Avaranams of some forms of Jivas
(Living beings).
This Avaranam is generally called the Karana Sarira of the
Iswara, as well as of the Jiva. Variety in the Jivas, (Living Beings) is
due to the variety of Avidya, the jiva-karanam, and the Oneness of
Iswara is due to the singularity of the Iswara Karanam, the Maya.
And Brahma Supreme is above all conception, and representation.
So far with reference to the Rekha World; the Rupa, for the
present. Now let us proceed to the Pada World, the plainest and
foremost of the Nama.
The Pada World:- The Pada world is twofold - Sruti and Smruti.
Sruti is the Cause, and Smruti, the Effect. Sruti is otherwise called
the Veda. It is Nitya Apourusheya, and Swathahpramana. The
real nature of the Sruti should be known only through the Sruti.
Smruti is Anitya. Pourusheya, and parathahpramana. Both the Sruti
and Smruti are revered as the highest authority of Knowledge.
Let us see what these highest authorities of Knowledge proclaim.
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Sruti proclaims in a stentorian voice, that all the Vedas are only the
connotation of the Single word - 'Om' "Sarve Veda
yetpadamamananti Tapamsi sarvani cha yedvadanti;
Yedichechanto Brahmacharyam charanti Tat the Padam
samgrahena bravime - "Om ityetat'.
Here the word 'Padam' means the word, and the Sthana (place).
This 'Om' is said to be the Brahma, as well as the Sarvam. "Omiti
Brahma, Omitidam Sarvam."
Vedanta Darsanam of Bhagavan Krishnadvipayana Bharati,
Veda Vyasa, proclaims for ever that the holy Literature of Aryavarta,
the Sruti and Smruti, have for their end and aim, only the Brahma.
This can be realised from the opening sutra of the grand Darsana
"Athatho Brahmajijnyasa."
Bhagavan Narayana, (Sri Krishna) proclaims through His world
wide Smruti, the Gita, the "Aham" is the fundamental goal of all the
Vedas - "Vedaiseha sarvairahameva vedyaha." And that Brahma
is represented by three words - "Om, Tat, Sat". "Om Tat Sat iti
nirdeso brahmanaha trividhaha smrutaha."
A close observation of the above, and similar other statements
of Sruti and Smruti, will make the observer that the fundamental Goal
is specially represented by the three Holy Words, 1 Om, 2. Brahma
and 3. Aham, and generally by a good many words, the prominent
of which are as follows :1. Purusha, 2. Sarvam, 3. Ananda, 4. Dahara, 5. Sarira, 6. Rasa,
7. Gati, 8. Siva, 9. Pranava, 10. Pada, 11. Aja, 12. Atma, 13. Sat, 14.
Bhuma, 15. Karta, 16. Ishte, 17. Garbha 18. Yajnya 19. Swapiti 20.
Purisaya 21. Prajapati 22. Taraka 23. Tat, 24. Purnam, 25. Turiya 26.
Param, 27. Gayatri, 28. Yantra, 29. Chakra, 30. Sudarsanam.
All these words are synonymous, with the Word, Brahma, or
Om, to express whose connotation, the holy Sruti and Smruti, have
been ushered into the World.
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Bija World :- Bija is described as the Mantra, and that it is also

a form of the Nama. It is the real Nama, from which the Pada world
has taken its birth. It is no wonder if it is said that the holy Sruti and
Smruti, have for their final Goal the two Sacred Mantras, the Pranava,
and the Gayatri : "Om itit idam Sarvam" - "Gayatree va idam
Sarvam." "Om ityekaksharam Brahma."
Origin of the Nama :- It is no wonder if it is said that both the
Pada and the Bija worlds, whatever their relative significance, may
be, are only the outcome of the combinations of the letters in the
Sanskrit Alphabet (Akshara Samamnaya). The Akshara Samamnaya
is two fold - 1. Narayana, and 2. Maheswara. Narayana Samamnya
consists of the eight groups (Vargas), commencing respectively with
the letters : A ka, Cha, Ta, Tha, Pa, Ya, Sa and they are as follows :-
n } TT T
@ z W n+ n' K > |T v, #
# sa x s & & D < < < q | | u eT jT s \ e X w
d V
Maheswara Samamnaya is that which is given to Panini, by
Maheswara and it consists of the following fourteen Aphorisms
(Sutrams), which are as follows :-
n DY TT @ z v W #Y V jT e s { \ DY x
eT v D q yT sa u x |T sa < wt > & < X K | # s < #
y | jYT X w d sY V
Narayana Samamnya consists of the 50 letters, commencing
with A, and closing with Ksha, rather, 40 closing with Ha; whereas
the Maheswara Samamnya consists of only 42 letter Both the
Samamnayams differ a good deal in the arrangement and order of
the letters, yet, a nice similarity is observed in having A and Ha, as
the first and last letters of the Samamynya, while the others are
blended within the two letters. From this, it can be fairly argued that
the Varna Samamnaya is only the Pratyahara of Aham and only
Aham. What is Aham then?
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Aham :- The word "Aham" is known to the World, as a Pronoun,

First Person, Singular, of the Vedic Language. In the Vedic Language,
it is known as "Sarvanama." The word Sarvanama is a compound
of two words - Sarva and Nama. The meaning of the word Nama,
can be easily understood from its English derivative Name. The
word Sarva can be literally translated as 'All.' Hence the term
Sarvanama means 'The name of All'. In Vedic Language, the Word
Sarvam means Brahma, or the Jagat. Hence the word Sarvanama
means the name of Brahma, or the name of the Jagat. Hence it
looks not strange if it is taught that the word Aham, stands for the
Brahma, or the Jagat.
Is it for the reason that Aham is a Sarvanama, that it is the
name of Brahma? No. It is for the reason that it is the name of
Brahma, it is called Sarvanama in Grammar. Bruhadaranyaka
Sruti proclaims thus - "Sohamasityagre vyaharat
tatohamnamabhavat." Brahma manifested into Virat or Prajapati,
after the fashion of Man, and pronounced, at first "Ahamasmi" - I
am. Hence He is named Aham. The first Proper Noun has become
the first Pronoun in the World. The tone that Aham is the name of the
first person manifested, is also seen in as much as the word Aham
(1) is reckoned as a pronoun of the First Person.
How could the Manifested Brahma, the First Person think of
Himself as The Aham? What is Aham? Aham is a compound of the
three letters, A, Ha, and Bindu. In the light of Sanskrit Grammarian
thought, the Aham is the abbreviated form rather the shortened
representation of the 49 or 42 letters commencing with Aa and closing
with Ha together with Bindu. Prajapati observed that His Body was
made up of the Varna Samamnya, and gave vent to the expression,
Aham. The mystery behind this Vedic Truth, can be fully realised
from the Secrecy of Matruka Nyasa of Mantra Sastra.
Root Cause :- These letters, however variegated, they may
appear to all practical purposes, are only the modifications of one
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and only one Letter, which is above all the sphere of Language. And
this Letter is called the "Samvruta Akara." The Grandeur of the
Samvruta, is proclaimed by the Mother Sruti, thus - Akarovaisarva
Vak saishasya sparsanthasthoshmabhirvyajyamana bahvi
nanarupa." Sri Krishna Bhagavan proclaims the same, thus 'Aksharanamakaosmi." The grandeur of this Akara can be better
understood from a close observation of the System of Panini's
Grammar.
Panini's Grammar :- Panini's Grammar is the Summum bonum
of Sanscrit Language. There is no word of Sanscrit, which can escape
the sphere of Panini. The work, really commences with the
Maheswara Sutras, fourteen and closes with the Sutra 'AA'. As
such the whole work has for its beginning, the Swara, (vowel) 'Aa',
and for its close, the Swara 'A'. This arrangement of the whole work,
within the two Swaras, is a mere copy of the arrangement of the
Veda, which has the same Swaras, for its beginning and its end, as
taught by the Sruti " Yo Vedadow Swarah procto Vedante eha
pratishtitaha; tasya prakrutileenasya yah Parassa
Maheswaraha."
"AA" :- The closing sutra of Panini is intended to convey that
there is One and only One Akara. Samvruta, which is above the
sphere of his Language. The position of the sutra itself shows that
this Akara is the Root, nay, Bija of the whole Language. This Samvruta
Akara is the Varna? (letter), that represents Brahma. With reference
to Language, it exhibits the same relation, which Brahma bears to
the Universe. Brahma is above all the objects of the Universe,
but blends with all the objects to give them stability. Similarly
this "Aa", keeps itself aloof from the Words of the Language, giving
potency to all the letters for their stability of pronunciation. Without
the aid of this "Aa" no letter of the language, can be really pronounced,
It is highly astonishing, and wonderful to hear that a single letter "Aa"
has given birth to the various letters of the Varnasamamnaya, the
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multifarious combinations of which are the huge forest of words, that

form the Body of the holy Sruti and Smruti. Yet truth is truth. Similarly,
it can be argued that Brahma alone, is the fundamental cause of this
variegated universe.
Bindu and Visarga :- Two vowels are seen in Sanscrit, which
display wonderful features, they are, the Bindu and the Visarga.
These two cannot be pronounced, as they are, under any
circumstances, individually, but should be aided by 'Aa'. In brief,
they are nothing without the aid of "Aa(n)" but display wonderful
phenomena, under the support of "Aa(n)". As such, they represent,
the Prakruti, and the Vikruti, respectively. The word "Aham" is no
more than the combination, of the three vowels, Akara, Visarga
and Bindu. From this it can be realised that the Aham is a compound
of the three, Brahma, Prakruti and Vikruti.
Sankhya World :- Sankhya World is a simple, rather general
form of Nama. It is the connecting link between Pada, and Rupa.
The Samkhya world has for its purpose the exposition of the variety
of the Rupa in relation of Nama. To be brief, Sankhya stands midway
between the Akruti and Vyakti. Hence it serves the purpose of
explaining the relation between the Genus and the Species, or the
cause and the effect. Vedic Language is so mysterious, that every
word of it, nay every letter of it, has a peculiar numerical value. Some
words are very popular as referring to numbers, while every letter
has its special number of represent. The relation between the letters
and numbers is plainly seen in the Aphorisms, "Kadi Nava; Tadi
Nava; Yadyashta; and Padi Pancha." These Aphorims are not
merely conventional, but are quite natural and scientific, that by the
application of these values of the synonymous nature of different
words can be easily realised, It is by this mysterious relation between
the Sanscrit letters and the Numbers, that the Divine Glory of the
Vedic Literature can be easily established. The above aphorisms
have for their support, a good many Vedic Equations. The inseparable
133
relation, between Vedic Literature and the Samkhya World is such

that the Veda is popularly called the Chandas. It is a well known fact
that the word Chandas in Veda, means only the Number. Every
Mantra is known to have some Chandas, that represents the holy
numerical importance of the Mantra. Hence the investigation of the
mysteries of the Samkhya world are not of little importance in the
field of Vedanta. Let us therefore observe the general features of the
Numbers, a little, and see how far the Doctrines of Vedanta, are
corroborated by the Science of Numbers. Hitherto, we have
observed that all the Mathematical figures, are only the modifications,
rather superimpositions upon the Circle, as such the Circle is the
Main Causes of all the figures. And similarly the whole Pada World,
has for its focus the Word Om. If we can see a number that is the
fundmental Cause of all the Numbers, then our ambition will be fulfilled
to the very letter. It requires no proof to say that all the Numerical
World, however majestic and grand it may be, is only a modification
of the Nine Integers, and the Zero. There is also another Number
which is called the Infinity, which is above the pale of all calculations.
This number Infinity, is called "Param" or "ara", which is also a
prominent word, that stands for Brahma. The word "Param" exhibits
a peculiar status in Sanscrit. It is used in the three Genders, with
characteristic Significance. Masculine "Paraha" represents the
Purusha (The Man), who conceives himself as the "Aham", and who
is called by the Vedic Sages, the "Pranava." Feminine "Para"
represents the Number Infinity; and Neuter "Param" represents the
Figure. Circle. Above all Vedic Param represents the Brahma
Supreme. Hence the Number Infinity should naturally represent
Brahma.
Purusha :- Purusha is called Pranava by the Sages for the
reason that the Sruti "Navo navo bhavati Jayamanaha", calls the
Purusha "Navaha." Neuter "Nava" is Number Nine. Hence Number
Nine represents the Purusha, the Prajapati, the Iswara, the First
Man, and the Man, as well. But the Purusha thinks of himself as the
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|PsM Te+k <s qyT
Aham. Aham is a word composed of the three letters Aa, Ha, and
Bindu, of which A stands for 1 (One). Ha for 8 (Eight) and Bindu or
Zero. Hence Aham is equal to 180. Just as the Word Aham is
indicative of the Holy Idea that I am "Akaradi Hakaranta Varna
Rupa, together with Bindu", the word is also indicative of the Holy
Idea that I am "Ekadyashtantarupa", together with Zero. Thus Aham
is the fountain Head of all the letters of the Sanscrit Alphabet as well
as that of all the numbers of Arithmetic. Aham has a twofold
significance, the significance of a word, and the significance of a
letter. There is the usage of the word Ahmkara, in Sanscrit.
Ahamkara means the letter Aham, when the whole of Aham should
be treated as a single letter. Similar is the case with Om. Om is a
word and a letter. It is also called Omkara. When Om is taken as a
word, it should be considered as being comosed of the three letters,
A,00? and Ma when it means the Purusha, or the Prajapati, the
Apara Brahma, the Cognizable. When it is considered as a letter
Vedic, it is Only one letter, that stands as a mark for Brahma, the
Supreme. When Om is a word, its numerical value is 135, which is
equal to Nine. If it is taken as single letter, then it represents the
Para, hence its numerical value is Infinity. Similarly, the values of
Aham are twofold. If Aham be a word, then its numerical values are
180 or 90, 18 or 9. If it be a letter, its numerical value is Nine, only.
And this value of Aham is in harmony with the dictates of the Sruti
"Navo navo bhavati Jayamanaha", and the Smruti "Tasya
Vachakaha Pranavah."
Development of the Science :- It is this wonderful value of
Aham, 180 that has given birth to all the fundamental principles of
Mathematical Science, a citation of a few of which, will not be out of
place. Number 18 has given birth to the eighteen place of Aryan
Numerical Notation, namely 1. Eka, 2. Dasa, 3. Sata, 4. Sahasra,
5.Ayuta, 6. Laksha, 7. Prayuta, 8.Koti, 9. Arbuda, 10. Abja, 11. Kharva,
12. Nikharva, 13. Mahapadma, 14. Sanku, 15. Jaladhi, 16. Antyam,
17. Madhyam and 18. Parartham, with a tenfold multiplicative
135
significance. Thus a parartham is one followed by seventeen Zeros,

and Para (Infinity) is One followed by thirty five zeros. And this
thirty six, the number of places in Para (Infinity), is only the sum total
of the eight numbers, commencing with One, and ending with Eight.
It is this 180, alone that has given birth to the conception of the 180
degrees of the Parartha, (Hemisphere) and the 360 degree of the
Celestial Sphere, the Circle. Similar is the case with the Ninety
Degree of the Right Angle and so on.
Other Numbers :- Now that we have found out the Number
representing Iswara, the development of the other numbers can be
easily traced. It is said that Iswara wills that He should multiply,
("Sokamayata Bahusym"). So by multiplying Nine with Nine, we
get all the numbers one after another, or by the splitting of the Nine
after the fashion of Aham (18), we get right kinds of pairs, wherein
we see the evolution of the eight integers, only. In the highest
philosophical sense, every Integer is only a superimposition upon
the Number Nine, for the reason that behind every number we
can trace out the existence of Nine. This can be better understood
by means of illustration, thus - Take the number two, for example,
Split up 2 into its component parts, then 2 equals 11; which is 9 plus
2. Thus we see 9 behind the 2. In this way every number can be
proved to have 9 behind it, 3 equal 12 or 21. Divide the numbers by
9 and you will see the remainder, 3 only. Again 4 equals 13, 31 or 22,
Divide the numbers by 9, and the remainder is 4 only. The aw holds
good to all the numbers, without any exception. In considering One,
we should split it up as 10; and we get 1 as remainder. This system
is in harmony with the teaching of Bhagavan, "Iswarassarva
bhutanam hruddeserjuna tishtati."
Zero : It is generally called the Cipher (Sunyam). It is two-fold,
in its nature, one representing "Absolute nothing, whereas the other
a "Negligible quantity. The equation (a/a) equals 1, bears testimony
to the value of Nothing; and the equation (a/o) equals infinity to the
value of the negligible quantity. Both these values are pertinent to
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|PsM Te+k <s qyT
the significance, that the cipher represents the Avidya, for the reason
that Avidya is absolute nothing, in the light of Paramartha, and
completely negligible, in the light of Reason.
Nice Harmony : Now that we have explained in brief the
mysteries of the Samkhya world, as well as the mysteries of the
worlds, Rekha; Pada; and Bija, let us summarise in brief the gist of
the above so that the harmony among the different worlds, and the
harmony of the different worlds with the Real Vedic Knowledge, may
be realised to the full.
Rekha
Samkhya
Pada
Circle, plain
Infinity
Brahma Param
Circle & Centre
Nine (9)
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
Point
St. Line
St. Lines Parallel
Angle
Equ. Triangle
Square
Rhombus
Ellipse
Cipher
One (1)
Two (2)
Three (3)
Nine (9)
Twelve (12)
Twelve (12)
Eight (8)
One (1)
Two (2)
Three (3)
Four (4)
Five (5)
Six (6)
Seven (7)
Eight (8)
Nine (9)
Infinity
Infinity
Cone
Circumference
Bija
Om&A (Aa)
(Samvruta)
Iswara Aparam Om&A (Aa)
(Vivruta)
Avidya Sakti
Bindu (0)
Guna
Guna
Prakruti
Maya
Avidya
Bhuta or Kosa
Akasa
Vayu
Agni
Apaha
Pruthvi
Oshadhis
Annam
Rethas
Purusha
Brahma
Avarana
Sa; Ta; Ra
Hreem
Hreem
Hreem
Ha
Ya
Ra
Va
La
Aham
Om
137
Equations :
1.
Om; is equal to 9; 12; 18; 19.
2. Yantra; Chakra; Taraka; Purusha; Siva; Adi; Japa; Aham; Garbha;

Ananda; Sarira; Rasa; Gati; Pada; Aja; Bhuma; Karta; Ishate; Yajrya;
Turiya; each equals to Nine (9).
3. Brahma; Prajapati; Viswam; Sarvam; Dahara; Swapiti; each
equals to Eighteen (18).
4.
Chit; Tat; Jiva; Deva; Atma; each equal to Twelve (12).
The relation between Pada, Bija and Samkhya can be realised

from the following:Pada
Bija
Samkhna
1. Veda
Pranava & Gayatri
(9) & (24)
2. Ramayana Shadakshari & Gahatri
(6) Kandaas & (24) 000, Verses
3. Bharata
(18) Parvams & (1) 00000 Verses
Aham & Param
4. Bhagavata Dwadasakshari & Aham
(12) Skandhams (18) 000, Verses
5. Gita
(18) Cantos & (7) 00, Verses
Aham & Saptakshari
Conclusion : A close observation of the four worlds would

clearly show how each of them have had their birth from one and
Only One Real cause, Param, Brahma, Purnam, which has
manifested into the four forms;- 1. The Circle, 2. The Infinity; 3. The
A(Aa), and 4. The Om. It can as well be observed that every lateral
figure can be raised to the status of a higher figure, or lower one, by
Revolution, positive or negative, and that every number can be raised
to the status of a higher number, or lower one by multiplication or
division, the final evolution being the Circle, or the Infinity, and the
final involution being, the Point, or the Cipher. It is an admitted fact
that the Real Cause is Purnam. Infinity; and the Effect, the World is
perceived to be Purnam, Infinity. This Objective Purnam, is the effect
of the Real Subjective Purnam. Hence, the Microcosm, the
Macrocosm in a nut-shell, can as well be said to be Purnam. If the
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|PsM Te+k <s qyT
Microcosm, and the Macrocosm, be raised to the Status of the Real

Purnam, both the Microcosm and the Macrocosm become One with
the Purnam; and the Purnam One and Only One remains without a
second, in harmony with the Proclamation of the Holy Sruti, Supreme,
- "Purnamadaha Purnamidam Purnat Purnamudachyate; Purnasya Purnamadya Purnamevavasishyate"
Consequence : Sruti 'Brahmavit Brahmaiva bhavati',
proclaims that the knower of Purnam, become One with Purnam,
and enjoys Supreme Bhss Eternal. Hence Purna Mimamsa is
absolutely necessary. Hence a brief common ary of it will be
commenced. Om.
139
OM
6.PURNA MIMAMSA
by
Jagadguru Sri Kalyanananda bharati Mantacharya
Swami Maharaj
Terror of Theosophy & Defender of Vaidika Dharma
140
|PsM Te+k <s qyT
"Purnajijnyas" is a compound word, the component words being

Purnam and Jijnyasa. Purnam is that which is defined as
"Yachchakranamadhishtanam"and Jijnyasa is "The desire to know".
It is but natural for one who is equipped with Sadhana
chatushtayasampat, to entertain sincere thoughts to enter into the
realms of Purnamimamsa, for the reason that the knowledge of
Purnam dispels the bondage of Samsara, and brings forth Supreme
Bliss Eternal.
Sutra 1 : Adhatah Purnajijnyasa
What is the Purnam, then, that is proclaimed to be the highest

aspiration of the holy life, that is equipped with Sadhana
chatushtayasampat? The Purnam is defined as :-
@@1@@ Eso: m|u\r

d+ 1 n<' |PsCk
Sutra 2 :- Yachachakranamadhishtanam
In the Sutra, the word "Jayate" or "Bhavati" should be considered

as being understood. The Sutra literally means, "Then, the premises
being settled, the desire to know the Purnam, arises"
@@2@@ Nmue
d+ 2 jT#DeT~cq+
"Atha" is introduced here with a double purpose, to serve the

purpose of Mangalam, at the very beginning of the work and to convey
the necessary equipment that is essential for the person to enter
into the field of Purnajijnyasa. Atha serves the purpose of Mangalam
by the simple pronunciation of the word, and the argument upon the
meaning of the term leads to the conception of the competency on
the part of the student. The necessary equipment is technically called,
the Sadhanachatushtaya Sampat. (the 'Four fold equipment') : 1.
Nitya nityavastuviveka, 2. Ihamutrarthaphalabhogaviraga, 3. Samadi
Sampat, and 4. Mumukshutva.
The word Chakara is defined in the next sutra. Adhishtanam is the

substratum upon which something or other is superimposed. Now
The word "Ataha" is introduced to show the necessary premises,

for the commencement of Purnajijnyasa only :- the premises being
the supremacy of Purnajnyana, as the very means of salvation from
the bondage of Samsara of births and deaths, and of the acquisition
of the Supreme Bliss Eternal.
In the Sutra, the words, "Tat and Purnam" are complementary.
the sutra literally means, "That Substratum, upon which chakrams

are superimposed, is Purnam."
Sutra 3: Bhavavyanjakam rekharupam
@@3@@ N zQ
d+ 3 uee++ s Us|+
The word "Chakram" is complementary in the sutra.
Bhavavyanjakam means that which represents an idea or thought.
Rekharupam means that which has lines for its form. The sutra
literally menas that form of lines which represents an idea or thought
is called a chakram. To be brief, it is called a figure, mathematically,
141
and form generally. mathematical figures, are "- 1. The point, 2. The
line, 3. The angle, 4. The triange, 5. The quadrilateral, and other lateral
ones; 6. The Circle, 7. The ellipse, 8. The parabola, 9. The Hyperbola
and combinations of these in various forms.
Purnam is defined as the Substratum of superimposition of all
the figures or forms. The substratum of figures is called the
Superficies in Mathematics. Superficies is only desbribed in a general
way by the scientists and not any special attention is paid in its special
nature. The general conception of it is that it is some space with
only two dimensions, length and breadth, without any consideration
of thickness. Even though it is considered as space having the two
dimensions, the real form of it is not all described, hence the
conception seems to be weak. If it be defined as space without
thickness or height, it would be more sound. A wide range of
observation, convince us that the Cone is the Substratum of all the
figures; but the Circle can be realised as the very Substratum of all
the forms, plane, that have their status upon the Superficies.
Now that the Chakram is defined as the graphic representation
of some idea or the other, by means of lines. It excites one's curiosity
to know whether the Purnam can be represented, by any chakram;
and to satisfy such curiosity, the next sutra is introdued.
Sutra 4 : Taddhi Vruttarupam
@@4@@ tut w
d+ 4 ~ es |yT
'Tat' means that; 'Hi' is an interjection indicative of surety'
Vruttarupam is a compound of the words :- Vrutta and Rupa. 'Vrutta'
means the Circle, and Rupa, the form' the term as a whole means
"That which has the form akin to that of a circle. The sutra means
'That-purnam is surely of the form which is akin to that of the circle.
The surety is the proclamation of the Sruti, "Akasasariram Brahma",
142
|PsM Te+k <s qyT
and that of the Smruti, "Gaganasadrusam" and similar ones. Sruti

and Smruti proclaim that Brahma bears Akasa as the body or that
Brahma resembles Akasa, in form.
It requires no special teaching to say that the space without
thickness, that is the plane superficies perceptible to the human eye,
is simply circular; as such the Akasa visible to the eye, can aptly be
represented by the Circle; nay the circle is only a representation of
the Akasa, visible and notheing more. For the reason that the Sruti
proclaims that Brahma has Akasa for its body Vedic scholars pictured
Brahma, the Purnam, by the Circle. Hence the circle is the only
figure that can stand as a mark or representation of the Purnam. We
can as well realise that the plane Superficies, can also be represented
by the Circle, so far as the visible form is taken into consideration.
Hence, to think of the superficies as having two dimensions, length
and breadth, is rather a mis-conception, and superimposition. If the
superficies is conceived to have two dimensions, then it would be
represented by a squae, whose form is absolutely imperceptible in
Nature; for the reason that Nature presents everywhere; only a circle
and not any other figure. It is only upon the visible superficies circular,
that the square form, with equal dimensions of length and breadth
has been superimposed; hence the first observer was puzzled to fix
any form for his superficies and that is the reason of silence on the
part of all the Scientists even to present day with regard to the
question.
The curvature of the Sky :- The plane superficies, within the
range of complete human observation, appears circular, with the
Harozon, as the circumference; and the complete space, within the
range of observation, merely spherical, the form being a hemisphere.
It is highly curious to know the why of the curvature. The unhindered
rays of light proceeding from the Antahkarana of the observer,
proceed uniformely throught the Eye in straight lines, as far as
possible, and stop at a distance, when they are incapable of further
143
procedure; when the extrimities of these obstructed uniform straight

lines of rays, assume the form of the curvature visible. This
phenomenon can as well be inferred from the definition crude, of the
circle. A circle is a plane figure contained by one line, Horizon, which
is called the circumferene, and is such that all straight lines of light,
proceeding from a certain point, Antahkarana, within the figure to
the horizon, are equal to one another. It is Universal that the Horizon,
is a single curved line, and the vault of the Sky, a curvature,
resembling a hemisphere, with the superficies of the Earth as the
Base. This special hemisphere is due to the highest possible
expansion of the Antahkarana, through the Eye. It is the light of
Antahkarana, that is obstructed on all directions, that makes the
observer feel the maximum space within his complete range of
observation, a hemisphere. It is the weakness, of the human
perception through the sense of vision, that is the cause of this
hemispherical conception unreal, of the unlimited space, and nothing
more. Yet the ignorant think it to be true.
Weakness of other Senses :- It is clearly shown that the sense
of sight, the foremost of all the senses is absolutely week; and as
such perceives only false state of things. It can as well be observed
that the other senses are equally weak in their perceptions, presenting
unreal perceptions and forms only. Hence one should not entirely
depend upon one's own perceptions of the senses, but correct
them throught higher knowledge of the Sruti and Smruti.
It is said that Purnam is represented by the Circle; and the
circle is defined as a plane figure, contained by one line which is
called the circumference. And human perception of sight is said to
be weak. The weakness of the observation can be plaintly realised
by another observation of the same thing in a higher plane. In the
higher plane, the circle is proved to be a polygon on N sides, the
sides being straight or curved, as the observer perceives; when the
circumference is not merely a single line, but something more as
described in the sutra, following :-
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|PsM Te+k <s qyT
Sutra 5:- Rekhakona samyavasta
@@5@@ zQNzms
d+ 5 s UD keek
'Rekha' means line; 'kona' means angle; and 'samyavasta'
means the unmanifested state or condition. The single line that is
perceived as the circumference of the circle, is the unmanifested
state of a good number of lines and angles, for the reason that a
circle is reckoned as a polygon of N sides; where the value of N
depends upon the intellectual perception of the observer, and not
upon any other thing.
Two Aspects of the Circle :- We now see two peculiar forms
of the Circle :- 1. A plane figured bounded by one line; and 2. A plane
figure bounded by N lines (A polygon). The one is what is actually
perceived, whereas the other is what is actually superimposed by
the Geometor. In fact, the Space unlimited has neither the shape of
hemisphere, or a circle, nor the shape of a polygon. Unlimited, rather
Infinite Space assumes the shape of the Hemisphere, or a circle,
before the observer, and the observer superimposes infinite lines,
and angles, upon it. From these phenomena of the Space, it is easier
to grasp the various forms of Purnam, the Brahma. Infinite Brahma
presents to the observer the form of Iswara; and the Observer
superimposes infinite numnber of gunas (Anantaguna), upon the
Iswara. The manifestation of Brahma, as Iswara, is clearly put forth
by the
Sruti, thus :- "Upasakanam soukaryartham
Brahmanorupakalpanam". Iswara is the Visible form of Brahma,
just as the circle is the visible form of Space. Anantaguna is
the Superimposition of the observer, after the fashion of the polygon
of N sides. And this Anantaguna is called the Virat Purusha.
Geometrical continuity :- The circle is said to be a polygon of
N sides. By substituting numerical values for N, the law of geometrical
continuity, as observed in the sections of the cone, can as well be
145
observed in the elements of Geometry. Value 1, makes the

circumference an imaginary line; 2. an angel, 3. a triangle equilateral;
4. a square, 5 a pentagon; 6 a hexagon; 7. a septagon; 8. a octagon;
and lastly 9. the Circle. Nine is the highest number which can be
possibly conceived with certainty, beyond which no decided opinion
can be formed. What is true to the nine numbers, will always prove
true to any number, for the reason that it is only an offspring of Nine
only. What is adopted by the sanscrit Mathematicians as "Na"
the contracted form of Nine, has been copied out as N, by
others.
Conic Sections :- In projective geometry, conic sections are
defined as the projections of a circle; hence, the figures, hyperbola,
parabola and the ellipse, also come under the genus of the Circle.
Thus, we have under the Genus of the Circle the species 1. The line,
2. The angle, 3. the triangle, the square, and similar lateral figures, 4.
The hyberbola, 5. The parabola, and 6. The ellipse. It was observed
by a learned geometer of the 17th century, that 'From the line-pair
we pass through an infinity of hyperbolas to the parabola, and thence
through an infinity of ellipses, to the Circle." His observations would
have been perfect, had he observed the remaining things as the
species.
The Circle and the Purnam :- Now that we have realised that
the Circle is the Genus of the universe of figures, we can aptly realise
that it stands as a perect representation of Iswara, the Genus of the
Universe at large. It is for the reason that the Circle represents
the Iswara, that it can be the only plane figure, that can stand as the
correct symbol of the Purnam, and none else. Hence the validity of
the sutra "Taddhi Vruttarupam." In fact Purnam cannot find any
tru representation, either in thought, word, or form after the manner
of the space unlimited. It is only through the possibilities, that
Purnam should be realised; and the only possibility is The
Circle.
146
|PsM Te+k <s qyT

It is said that the Circle is the genus of all the figures to be
found in the Mathematical World. It is clear from the observation of

th confocals, or the fundamental conclusions of the Projective
Geometry, that the Circle is the Genus of the Line-pair, Hyperbola,
Parabola and the Ellipse; but it is not sound to say that the Circle is
the Genus of the lateral figures, for the reason that they belong to
entirely different category, the lateral figure, the Genus of which being
the Equilateral Triangle. If the Equilateral Triangle can be proved to
be the effect of the Circle, then the law of geometraical continuity
proves perfect and the Circle would gain the glory of being the
fundamental cause of all the Mathematical figures, bearing
testimony to the Holy Doctrine of the Vedanta, that Purnam
Brahma is the Only cause of the variegated objective World.
The answer to the querry is clearly put forth in the sutras following :-
Sutra 6 :- Vruttat sarvavyavaharavyanjakam Samatribhujam
@@6@@ wn|`\N u\
d+ 6 e s eeVs e++ deT uT yT
The word "Sambhutam' is complementary in the sutra, "Vruttat"
means from the Circle; 'Sarvavyavaharavyanjakam" means that
which presents all the forms of usage; "Samatribhujam" means
the equilateral triangle; "Sambhutam" means took its birth; Vruttam
is the visible plane superficies of the Earth, bounded by the horizon.
The forms of geometrical usage are :- the point, the straight line, the
angle, and the lateral figure. The sutra literally means that the
equilateral triangle, that presents, all the forms of geometrical
usage, has taken its birth, from the circular plane superficies
of the Earth only. That means that the conception of the Equilateral
triangle is formed out of the circular superficies natural, before the
observer.
147
The natural superficies is simply circular, bounded by the single

curved line, the horizon; and the equilateral triangle is a plane figure
bounded by three equal straight lines, presenting three angles and
three points, which are not to be seen at all in the Circle. How is it
possible for one to think of the circular plane superficies as the
Equitalteral Triangle? The why of the conception and the answer to
the querry is given in the sutra following :-
Sutra 7 :- Adhyasat
@@7@@ Eo
d+ 7 n<kY
"Adhyasa" means Superimposition. By superimposition the
observer is led to conceive the plane superficies, an equilateral
triangel. How could it be possible for the observer to think of the
circular one and lateral one? It is only after the manner in which he
conceived the circle a polygon of N sides, A partial vision of the
horizon led the observer think, rather misconceive that part is only a
straight line. It is but quite natural to perceive the portions of the
horizon that fall within a glance, as mere straight lines; and hence
the superimposition or misconception.
Conception of the triangle, merely conventional :- It is true
that portions of the horizon, curved as they are, appear straight only;
and one will be led away to think of it, rather misconceive that it is a
lateral figure, the sides not being reckoned with certainly. That is
why the geometers call it only a polygon of N sides. How can it be
possible for one to maintain that the circle gives rise to the conception
of the equilateral traiangle only? We do not wish to maintain the
Circle gives rise to the conception of an equilateral triangle only; but
maintain with surety that the circle gives rise to the conception of a
lateral figure bounded by any number of sides; the number being
generalised by N. hence it can be plaintly argued that the different
148
|PsM Te+k <s qyT
kinds of lateral figures have the circle only as the cause of their origin,
to maintain the law of geometrical continuity. It can be freely
maintained that all the lateral figures whatever their real origin may
be, are only the work of the evolution of the equilateral triangle, as
the type of the lateral figure, and substituting 3 for N, sutra 6
pronounces the rise of the triangle from the circle. In fact the
equilateral triangle is rather a conventional representative of the lateral
figure. Hence it can be freely maintained that every lateral figure,
whatever the number of the sides may be, is only the result of
superimposition, upon the plane Superficies, the Circle.
Now that the lateral figures are said to be the work of Adhyasa
What is Adhyasa then, the wonderful phenomenon? The sutra
following defines Adhyasa in brief, thus :-
Sutra 8:- Paratra Paravabhasaha
@@8@@ :
d+ 8 |s |seud'
The word Adhyasa is complementary in the sutra. Adhyasa
means superimposition; Paratra means upon another;
Paravabhasaha means the appearance of one. The sutra means
that Superimposition is the appearance of one upon another, similar
to the silver upon a pearl oyester, the serpent upon a rope, the straight
line upon a curved one, the lateral figure upon a circle, and lastly
though not least, the Universe upon Purnam Brahma.
The superimposed thing is generally called by the technical
name, "Aropyam", and the substratum upon which a thing is
superimposed, "Adhishtanam." It should be clearly observed that
the good or bad of the Aropyam would in no way affect the
Adhishtanam and the Adhishtanam remains pure and
uncontaminated. It is plain and clear that any kind of superimpositon
upon the plane superficies of the Earth, would in no way affect the
149
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|PsM Te+k <s qyT
plane superficies; similarly, the multifarious phenomena of the

universe, the rise, the existence, and the anihilation, together with all
the intermediate phenomena, cannot under any circumstances, affect
even an iota of change upon the Purnam Brahma.
e. From the Equilateral triangle, develop five equilateral triangles;

from them the five kinds of triangles; the Isosceles, the Scalene, the
Right angled, the obtuse angled, and the acute angled; and from
these all the varieties of the lateral figures.
It has clearly been shown that all the lateral figures have been
How the equilateral triangle, so trivial in nature, gives rise to so

many forms of figures wonderful, is explained by the sutra coming.
developed out of the plane superficies, the Circle; and similar is the
case with the figures, hyperbola, parabola, and the ellipse. Yet it is
maintained by some thinkers and observers that all the lateral figures
are only the result of the evolution of the equilateral triangle, and that
the equilateral triangle is the result of superimposition. How the lateral
figures are the development of the equilateral triangle, is clearly
shown in the sutras following :-
Sutra 10 : Udrekat
@@10@@ GzNo
d+ 10 <Y
Udreka means Revolution.
In the sutra, the words,
Sambhutani and Tribhujat are complementary. The sutra means
Sutra 9:- Tribhujat Pancha Tanmatrani Tanmatrebhyaha

Pancha Mahatrikonani Tebhyokhilachakrani.
that from the triangle, all the figures have developed by Revolution.
@@9@@ u\n`YYum oz: `YuNzmu

ozzDuQYNum
revolution is called the Evolution, whereas the Negative Revolution,
d+ 9 uT C +# HD Hu '
|+#eTVD u \#D
Evolution, rather the postitive revolution, only should be taken into
'Tribhujat' means from the equilateral triangle; 'Pancha

Tanmatrani', five forms having the same for as the equilateral
triangle; from the Tanmatras, is the meaning of
Panchatanmatrebhyaha; 'Pancha Mahatrikonani', five great
triangles, "Tebhyaha", from the five great triangles,
'Akhilachakrani', all the figures, the word 'Sambhutani' which
means "have evolved", is complementary in the Sutra.
the revolution of a side of the triangle, on the axis, "the axis in both
Five Tanmatras are five equilateral triangles; five Mahatrikonani

are :- 1. the Isoceles, 2. the Scalene, 3. the Right angled, 4. the
Obtuse angled, and 5. the Acute angled; Akhila Chakrani are the other
lateral figures, such as the quadrilaterals, Pentagons, Haxagons, &
This revolution is two fold - Positive and Negative; Positive

Involution. With reference to the development of the figures, the
consideration. The revolution of the triange, under consideration, is
two fold : -1. The revolution of the triangle as a whole, on the axis, or
the cases being any one of the angular points of the triangle."
The processes of Joining, extension, and addition, come under
Evolution, whereas Division and Subraction fall under Involution.
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|PsM Te+k <s qyT
Of the two kinds of evolution, for the development of the

Geometric figures, the second form only should be adopted; whereas
for the devolopment of the Vedantic figures, the first should be
adopted. To bear testimony to the law of geometraical continuity, we
here in described in brief the second form of the Udreka of the
Equilateral Triangle.
Experiment 1:- Let ABC be an Equilateral triangle. Fig.1

Revolve the straight line C A , about the point C. So as to make an
Experiment 2 :- Fig 4. - in the same figure, revolve CD, in the
angle CA, equal ot the angle ABC or ACB. The straight line CA, no w
occupies the position CD. Fig.2
1. Join BD, cutting AC, in E; and observe what new features the
same way as to make an angle with the straight line CD, equal to the
angle ABC. Now the straight line CD, occupies the position CF.
1. Now join the point B with F; and you will be astonished to see
figure presents before you. Angle BEC, which is Right; angle BCD,
which is Obtuse; and angle ACB, which is acute. Triangle CBD,
that B is nothing but the prolongation of BC to F.
which is Isosceles, triangle BEC, which is Scalene. Triangle BEC,
And it is this joining in this deflection of CA, that blessed the
Which is Right-angled; triangle BED, which is Obtuse angled, and
Geometer, with the 2nd Postulate, "That a finite, that is to say, a
triangle ABC, which is Acute-angled.
terminated straight line may be produced to any length in that straight
All these things the Geometer obtained by simply drawing the

straight line BD from the Point B to D. Had it not been for this
straight line, he would not have had so much knowledge; as such he
should be more grateful to the straight line joining B & D. So he
gives expression to his gratitude in the postulate which he ranked as
the first; "That a straight line may be drawn from any one point to any
other point."
2. Now Join AD, and you will be surprised to see a beautiful
figure ABCD, (fig.3) a quadrilateral, whose four sides are equal to
one another, but whose angles are not right angles. It is called a
Rhombus.
line."
2. Join DF, and the new figure formed is the quadrilateral ABFD,
which is a Trapezium.
3. And join A; no new feature is to be observed.
Experiment 3 :- Fig. 4 - Revolve again CF in the same manner

as above. Now you will see that it occupies the position CG.
1. Now join BF & GF and and the figures newly obtained are :1. the quadrilateral ABGF, which is a rectange (an oblong) and 2.
Pentagon ABGFD.
2. And join DG, no new figure is obtained.
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|PsM Te+k <s qyT
C. The Simple revolution of the straight line CA, about the point C,
resulted in the end in producing a circle to the great surprise and
entire satisfaction of the Geometer, that he venerates the straight
line CA, and the point C, by giving expression to his deep debt of
gratitude in Postulate the third. "That a circle may be described
from any centre at any distance from the centre."
A side of the Equilateral Triangle is revolved, and the changes
Experiment 4 :- 5 - Revolve again the straight line CG in the

same way as above and it now occupies the position CH.
1. Now join BH & HG; and the new figure obtained is ADFGHB,
which is called a Hexagon.
2. Join AH & HF as well; and no new figure is obtained. Now
you will be surprised to see that in the next deflection or Revolutin
CH (CA) coincides with CB, and in the last and the 6th Revolution or
deflection, the straight line CA occupies its own position; and as such
in the next two revolutions, there is no possibility for further formation
of any figures.
are observed one after another; as such we observe the development

rather evolution of figures as follows :1. Straight lines, 2. Triangles, 3. Quadrilateral, 4. Pentagon, 5.
Hexagon and 6. the Circle and its accompaniments; as well as the
order of the postulates, one after the other. We can as well observe
that all other forms of figures are merely the combinations of the
different kinds of trianges only, which are the result of the evolution
of the Equilateral Triangle. And the Equilateral triangle is the result of
superimposition upon the Circle. Hence the geometrical continuity
is perfect.
This Geometrical continuity is neither a conjecture, nor an after
thought, but is supported by the elements of Geometry, with all
accuracy of thought and arrangement; and this harmony is proclaimed
by the sutra, following:-
Sutra 11 : Samanvayat
@@11@@ o
d+ 11 deTqjY
'Samnvayam' means a lucid investigation and discussion. A
Experiment 5:- Fig 6 - Now trace the course of the revolution

of CA about the point C, by marking the course with dots. The
consequence is the Circle; a circle with the radius CA, and the centre
lucid investigation and argument of the logical sequence of the

arrangement of the Elements of Geometry, clearly shows that this
Evolution forms the backbone of the grand work.
155
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|PsM Te+k <s qyT
The Geometer places the Holy figure, which guided him in his
The figure evolved bears testimony to the illustration of all the
observations, in the very beginning of his work, framing the very first
definitions, axioms, and forms the chief basis for the framing of most
proposition thus:- "To describe an Equilateral Triangle upon a given
of the propostions in Geometry.
finite Straight line. Then the next 31 propositions deal mainly with
Hence it can be plainly realised that the whole world of
straight lines and triangles. From the 33rd to the 45th, triangles and
Lateral figures is nothing but the Evolution of the Equilateral
parallelograms are discussed. Proposition 46th and the only 14
Triangle.
propositions of Book II, treat of squares and rectangled. Books III

and IV, treat of the Circle and its relation to the other kinds of figures;
and Book IV, nearly closes with the constrution of a regular Hexagon.
So the Geometer commences his work with the construction of an
Equilateral Triangle, and finishes that portion of it, which treats in
It is now clearly shown that the world of lateral figures, is the

result of the positive revolutionof the Triangle, as such Udreka may
be considered as mere positive revolution only. To avoid such
misconceptin, the sutra following, clearly puts forth the functions of
the two forms of Udreka:-
general as well as in special of the properties of all the figures which

he obtained in his Evolution, after the same manner and order, and
nearly concludes the work by the construction of a regular Haxagon,
the last rectilineal figure; and as such the last but one of his Evolution.
The Geometer also hints the Hexagon as the last figure but one in
the Evolution, by simply closing the Book IV with the construction of
a Quindecagon, as the last proposition, where in also he places the
Equilteral Triangle once more.
Sutra 12 :- Tenopachayapachayau Chakranam
@@12@@ ozzYY{ YNm

d+ 12 H|#j
|#j
T #DyT
The word "Sambhavataha", which means happen, is comple
mentary,
in
the
Sutra.
'Tena'
means
by
Udreka.
'Upachayapachayau' means Evolution and Involution; 'Chakranam'
We can boldly say that Plane Geometry is complete by this
means to the figures. The sutra means that Evolution and Involution
time as the stock of the plane figures and their properties are finished
happen to the figures by Udreka. Postitive revolution tends to the
in these four books, for the reason that no new figure is desbribed or
constructed in the other books. Book V is Algebraical; book VI treats
of the Algebraical relations of the figures described in the first four
books only, even then the squence is not missed at all. Books VII, VIII
and IX, are purely Arithmetical; while book X containes an ingenious
treatment of Geometraical irrational quantities. The remaining three
books treat of the figures in space; as such are generally called solid
Geometry.
Evolution, whereas Negative revolution to the Involution of figures.

By Evolution a simple figure develops to a compound figure; and by
Involution, a compound figure will be reduced to a simple figure,
whether it is development or reduction, it is all Udreka; hence it is
said that Udreka tends to the development or reduction of the figures.
It is said that Udreka effects either Evoltuin or Involution in
figures; the Circle is also considered as a figure; hence, one may be
led away to think that Udreka may as well effect the changes of
157
158
|PsM Te+k <s qyT
Evolution and Involution in the Circle. To prevent such misconception,
PURNA MIMAMSA
the closing sutra of the Ahnica (Chapter) proclaims that Udreka
Second Ahnica
cannot under any Circumstances, effect the Circle.
It has been clearly shown, how the visible Plane

Superficies, the Circle has given birth to the variegated
Sutra 13:- Natu Nishkonasya Nishkonasya
Geometrical figures, without itself undergoing any change
@@13@@ o uNzm uNzm

d+ 13 qT cDd cDd
whatever, by the mere Superimposition of the observer; and

that Udreka, Revolution positive or negative, cannot under any
circumstances, exert any kind of changes evolutionary or
The word "Udreka" is complementary in the sutra.
involutionary, upon the Circle, for the reason that it is devoid
'Nishkonasya' means for that which is devoid of angles; reiteration
of any kind of angle. But it is likely that thinkers, often misconceive
of the term Nishkonasya is indicative of the closing of the chapter.
and misconstrue the real aspect, and fall a prey to false theories and
The sutra means that Udreka cannot effect the changes of Evolution
doctrines, the type of which, we here put forth in the very words of an
or Involution to a figure that is devoid of any angle. It is only the Circle
authoritative mathematician :- "We consider space as filled with
that is devoid of any kind of angle; hence Udreka has nothing to do

with th Circle or the Ellipse. It is only the figures that contain any kind
of angle, that are subject to the influences of Udreka. Hence any
figure is liable to the changes of Evolution and Involution, when it is
not developed to the status of the Circle. If any figure evolves to the
stae of the Circle, then it remains unchangeable for ever. And this is
what is called the Salvation or Mukti of the figures. Unless and
until the figures achieve that holy stage they are liable to the chances
points, lines and planes, and these we call the elements out of which
our figures are to be formed, calling any combination of these
elements of "figure". A simple analysis of the above statement, would
sho how queer and confusive it is. Herein it is stated that the points,
lines and planes, are the elements, and that any combination of these
elements, is a figure. Thus one is led to conceive that any combination
of points is a figure; or any combination of planes, is figure. From
this a hasty reader may conclude that, 1. the points are the cause of
the figures; 2. the lines are the cause of the figures; and 3. the planes
of Evolution and Involution. And the status of the Circle is above
are the canse of the figures. Thus the cause of the figures cannot
all the influences of Udreka.
be positively described as some thing or the other, but creates a

dilemma as to which of the three, is the real cause of figures. Even
then it is meaningles. If a point is defined as that which has no parts
Purnamimamsayam Prathamamahnikam
or which has no magnitude, then there would be no possibility for
And thus closes the first day of the Purnamimamsa.
such points to combine for the production of a figure with parts or

magnitude. We know full well that the centre at which thousand radii
meet will remain a point only, and never produce any kind of figure
159
worth the name. Hence to say that any combination of points is

a figure is a mere rigmarole. Again if the line is considered as the
path of a moving point, a surface, that is plane, the path of moving
line, and a solid, the path of a moving surface, then it would be
sufficient to say that a point is the cause of all figures; then the whole
statement proves only a meaningles rigmarole and not a crude theory
even. Whatever may be the sanity or insanity of the above theory, it
is likenly that it puts forht three different things as the causes of the
160
no magnitude; whereas lines, angles, and etc. are magnitudes. Nonmagnitude can never be the cause of some magnitude or the other.
Similarly a cipher can never be the cause of some number or the
other; similarly an Anuswara can never be the cause of a letter.
Even if the Bindu is considered to be some negligible
infinitesimal even it is not at all potential to be the cause, proclaims
the sutra folloiwng :-
figures : 1. point, 2. line, and 3. plane, which are entirely different
Sutra 2 :- Anutvachcha
from what is hitherto justified and affirmed. Unless and until the
@@2@@ EmnXY
d+ 2 nDT#
contradictions are removed, truth cannot be established; hence to

remove all possible contradictions, the second Ahnica is
commenced.
The Ahnica starts with the refutation of the 'Bindukaranavada'
which appears diametrically antagonistic to the fundamental doctrine.
Sutra 1:- Binduritichennayogyatva
@@1@@ utuuo YzzSno

d+ 1 _+<T ] #H j>Y
The word Karanam which means cause, is complementary in
|PsM Te+k <s qyT
Anutva means the property of being infinitely small, similar to

the atom of the scientists. If the point were to be cosidered to have
some magnitude, then it would have some form; what form can be
fixed to it then? The form of a circle, for the reason that it is called
the point-circle. If it were to be a circle, then what is its radius? It is
zero. Then it is all the more to say that it is mere nothing, and no
more. If any magnitude were to be thought of to the point, it would be
confusion worse confounded.
Under any circumstance it is impotent to be the subsratum of
any thing, urges the sutra following:-
the sutra. Bindu means, Point in Geometry, Cipher in Arithmetic,

and Anuswara in Sanscrit language. A point is defined as that which
has no parts or which has no magnitude, Cipher is two-fold. Absolute
nothing, the negligible infinitesimal. Anuswara is that which is
pronounced along with others, but has no independent status of its
own. Ayogyatva means impotency. The sutra means that if Bindu is
considered to be the cause, it is not, for the reason that it is not
potential. bindu is simply nothing, in whatever aspect it may be
viewed. Nothing can never be the cause of something. Point is
Sutra 3:- Adhikaranatvayogachcha
@@3@@ EuNmnzTXY
d+ 3 n~s D j>#
Adhikaranatva means the capacity to be the substratum.
There cannot be a superimposition, without something or other as
the substratum. Point is nothing; hence nothing can be superimposed
upon it.
161
162
|PsM Te+k <s qyT
To all intents and purposes, nay in fact, Bindu is only a

conception of absolute nothing, which is in its nature, a mere
superimposition; as such can never be potential to be the fundamental
cause.
for the reason that it is the outcome of superimposition upon the
By the refutation of the Bindukaranavada, the atomic theory
the Earth, it would prove a perfect curved line in its entirety, for the
of the Nayyayikas, and the Sunyavada of the Saugatss, are as well
reason that the Earth's surface, however plane one thinks of it, is a
refuted.
perfect curvature. Why so much? The conceptios of the straight
curved line of the horizon. It is only the part of a curved line that
appears as a straight line; and even if one were to try one's utmost
to draw a straight line with all accuracy upon the plane superficies of
Seeing the circle as the final object in the Evolution of the
lines are in themselves contradictory, and no sure idea can be
Equilateral Triangle, one may be led to conclude that the Triangle is
achieved of a straight line. Hence it is hihgly impossible to arrive at
the fundamental cause; to avoid such misconception, the following
any correct definition of a straight line, eve though it cannot be
sutra proceeds :-
observed in nature, with a characteristic form.

And the triangle is defined as a plane figure bounded by three
Sutra 4 :- Trikonamitichennasambhavat
@@4@@ uNzmuuo Yzo

d+ 4 D$T#H d+uy Y
In the sutra, the word Karanam is complementary. Trikona,
means triangle; Asmbhava means out of existence, that is
straight lines. How can it be possible for one to think of a triangle,

without any correct idea of a straight line, or a curved line? Hence it
can be affirmed with surety that a triangle has not positive existence
whatsoever.
The authority upon which the non-existence of the triangle, is
maintained, is proclaimed by the following sutras :-
impossible. The Sutra means that if the triangle be considered as

the cause, it is not, for the reason that it has no real existence at all.
The argument for the unreality of the triange is advanced by the
sutra coming :-
Sutra 5 :- Sasavishanavt Rujurekha
@@5@@ umtw\zQ
d+ 5 XX$ cDe <EsU
'Sasavishana' means here's horn; a hare is popular, and a
horn is as popular; but a hare's horn is an impossibility in nature, that
is out of existence. Similar is the case with Rujurekha, straight line;
Sutra 6:- Pramanat
@@6@@ mo
d+ 6 |eDY
'Pramanam' means the highest authorities of knowledge. The
sutra proclaims that the highest authorities of Knowledge, bear
testimony to the fact that straight lines or lateral figures have no
positive existence whatever.
The next sutra proclaims the fundamental authorities of
knowledge :-
163
Sutra 7:- Sastradayassastadayaha
@@7@@ tt:
d+ 7 Xk<j
T Xk<j
T '
164
|PsM Te+k <s qyT
three bows both straightened strings, and adjusted the three bows
so that they may appear as a circle. The similarity of the word "Guna"
in conveying the two ideas, the string of a bow, and the quality of the
Prakruti, has led them to the wonderful issustration, that has been
The word Pramanam is complementary in the Sutra.
the fundamental cause of the Elements of Geometry. The figure
Sastradayaha means Sruti, Smruti, Reason and Direct Perception.
present an Inscribed equilateral triangle, wherein the strings
The reiteration of the term is indicative of the closing of the Ahnica.
represent the three straight lines nay, the sides of the triangle, and
The highest authorities of Knowledge are the Struti and Smruti etc.
the bows, the Circle. The Circle is ever present in nature as the
With reference to the straight line; we have before us the

testimony of the mathematicians, thus :"These notions (the simplest line - the straight line, the simplest
surface) we possess, but to difine them accurately, is difficult. The
Definition "A straight line is that which lies evenly between its extreme
points" must be meaningless to any one who has not the notion of
straightness in his mind. Neither does it state a property of the straight
Horizon, whereas the Equilateral Triangle is the production of the

Human intellect. Hence the Triangle has no positive existence, and
so is the case with a straight line. Hence the triangle cannot under
any circumstances have the potency to be the cause fundamental.
By the refutation of the Trikonakaranavada, the
Prakrutikaranavada of the Sankhyas and Yogis, and the similar
theories of others have been entirely refuted.
line which can be used in any further investigation."

"By a line we mean a straight line in its entirety, extending both
ways to infinity."
"Parallel straight lines are such as are in the same plane, ever
so far being produced both ways do not meet."
"Parallel lines are lines which meet at infinity."
"Lines which meet at infinity are called parallel."
In the confocal system, the straight line is called the Line ellipse.
These notions of the Geometers are in themselves, unsound,
and unprincipled. It is only the illustration adopted by the Vedantic
Geometers that can be the specific illustration to place before the
observers, the ideas of a straight line, an equilateral triangle, and
their relation to the Circle. The vedantic Geometers who aimed at a
picture of Prakruti, which is defined as Trigunatmika, caught hold of
Purnamimamsayam Dwitiyam Ahnicam

Thus closes the second day of Purnamimamsa.
165
PURNA MIMAMSA
Third Ahnica
It has been clearly established, by the refutation of the
contradictions, that the Circle is the fundamental cause of all the
Mathematial figures; and it is proclaimed, as well, that it is the finest
possible graphical representation of the Purnam, Brahma. The
grandeur of the Circle can be fully realised beyond doubt, from a
knowledge of the Vedantic significance of the other figures, as well.
hence the third Ahnica proceeds with the exposition of the Vedantic
conceptions represented by the prominent figures for the guidance
of the aspirants.
The Circle is said to be the possible representation of the
Purnam; as such the real nature of the Purnam, cannot be perfectly
comprehended from the Circle itself, without any guidance. So the
first two Sutras are introduced to define the real nature of the Purnam,
The definition of Purnam, "Yachachakranamadhishtanam" given
in Ahnica I, is only a secondary one; whereas the definition given
here, is primary.
Sutra 1 : Niravayavam Nirgunam Nishkriyam

Chinmatram Purnam
@@1@@ u uT|m uuN uY m|

d+ 1 sejTe+ sTDZ + wjT+ H+ |Psy T
A 'Niravayavam' means devoid of limbs (lines); 'nirgunam',
devoid of qualities (angles); 'nishkriyam', devoid of any action
(Udreka); 'Chinmatram', pure Intelligence only' 'Purnam' All-pervading.
The sutra means that the All-pervading Purnam, Brahma, is devoid
of any limbs or qualities, or actions; but it is Pure Intelligence,
Supreme.
166
|PsM Te+k <s qyT
How can it be possible for one to maintain that the Purnam is

Niravayavam? It is said that it is represented by the Circle, and the
Circle is observed to have a wonderful curved line, for its Avayavam,
which is proved to be composed of infinite number of lines and angles;
and these lines and angles represent the Gunas. hence it can be
fairly maintained that the Purnam is Anantagunarupa, or
Anantasaktimat. So the sutra appears to be fallacious. No. A little
more observation of the nature of the circumference, would place
the observer on a higher plane, and the truth of the sutra can be
realised to the very letter. What is the circumference, then? It is the
Horizon bounding Earth and Skies. The horizon is said to be an
immaginary line; as such it has no positive existence whatever.
Weakness of the vision of sight has given birth to the immaginary
curved line, and further weakness of intellect, rather ignorance has
led to the misconception of lines and angles, in multifarious ways. In
fact all these conceptions are the result of the short-minded nature
of the observer and there is not an iota of any line or angle in the
horizon. Hence it can be maintained with all rhyme and reason that
the space is beyond all limitations; as such Purnam is all the more
above all limitations of avayava (limb). Hence Purnam is
Niravayavam; hence nirgunam; hence nishkriyam. in order that
the Purnam may not be misconstrued as the space unlimied, it is
described as Chinmatram - Supreme Intelligence.
Now that the Purnam is defined as Intelligence, one will naturally
be led away to think of the multitude of Purnams, after the fashion of
the Sankhyas or the yogis or similar schooolmen. To warn such
misconceptions, the sutra following proceeds :-
Sutra 2 :- Ekamevadwitiyam
@@2@@ LNzuoy
d+ 2 @yT y~rjT+
'Ekam' means One; 'Eva' only; 'Adwitiyam', without a second.
The stura means that Purnam is one only without a second. Every
167
object is freely observed to display a three-fold variety; namely - 1

Swagata, 2. Sajatiya, and 3. Vijatiya. Swagata variety is that which
is observed in the very body of the object; that is the variety of the
leaf flower, fruit and etc. in a tree. Sajatiya variety is that which is
observed in the very many objects of the same species; that is the
variety of the tree from other trees. Vijatiya variety is that which is
observed in the object of a different species; that is the variety of the
tree from the stone and etc. The sutra refutes the three-fold variety
with reference to the Purnam, through the three words respectively.
This can be well established from a close observation of the Circle.
Every observer feels the existence of one and only one superficies
without a second, whatever may the relative conception of the centre
be. He observes not any variety in the plane superficies itself, nor
observes any other superficies of a similar type, or any other thing
widely different from the supreficies. Hence it can be argued and
realised that Purnam is One and only One, without a second.
The real status of the Purnam being justified from the holy
graphic representation of the superficies, the Circle; the next sutra
describes the real aspect of the imaginary line, the horizon:-
168
|PsM Te+k <s qyT
that the horizon shuts up all the unlimited space from the range of
vision of the observer. It forms a complete boundary as it were
between the observer and the unlimited space, and makes him feel
the simple superficies only. The Avarana Sakti of the Avidya, in a
similar manner, shuts up the Real Supreme Intelligence of One's
own Self, and makes him feel that he is some simple "Aham", and
no more. It is this wonderful force, that minimises the scope of the
Self, and makes it confine within the limites of nature and its mysteries,
for its own playful vagaries.
Asprusyata : ... Untouchbility : This Avarana Sakti is the huge
power that makes various orders of creation confine to their limits,
without trepssing. It is this Sakti that makes all the orders of creation
feel the plane superficies as the only space, left for their scope of
living, and confine them to their small birth places and abodes, without
any harm possible, to the weaker ones. The potency of the Avarana
is seen to its full, in the foul and brute kinds of creation. It is this
Avarana that assumes the form of Asprusyata, for the safety and
protection of the multifarious species in the Universe.
If Avaranam is so powerful, then there would be no possibility
Sutra 3:- Paridhiravaranam
@@3@@ uum
d+ 3 |]~sesD+
for any trespasing; yet we observe a good lot of trespass in the

Univese. What is it that is the cause of such trespass then? To
explain the cause of such trespass, the sutra following proceeds :
Sutra 4:- Tribhujam Vikshepaha.
@@4@@ u\ uqz:
d+ 4 uT + $| '
'Paridhihi' means the circumferecne; 'Avaranam' is that form
of force of Avidya, or Maya, that makes the original nature of the
Purnam shut up from the ordinary course of observation. It is clear
169
'Tribhujam' means the triangle; Viksepa is that form of force

of Avidya, or Maya, that gives rise to unknown forms wonderful,
similar to mirage. It is not uncommon that wild beasts, which generally
confine to their limited areas, trespass their limits in hot summers,
and remove themselves to unacquainted regions, and suffer a good
deal causing damage to others as well. This is simply due to the
severe thirst due to summer heat, which makes the animal widely
follow the Mirage in pursuit of water to quench the thirst. That is why
the Mirage is aptly called "Mrugatrustna", for the reason that it
creates uncontrollable desire to the beast and brute. It is a well known
fact that the mirage is a mere phantom.
We see full well that the triangle is no more than a phantom, for
the reason that it is the result of superimposition, and that it gives
rise to the wonderful lateral figures. Hence it aptly represent the
Vikshepa Sakti of Avidya. It has already been said that the
superimposition of the triangle is rather conventional; hence every
other geometrical fiture worth consideration, can be considered as
some form or other of the Vikshepa. Thus the ellipse, the parabola,
and the hyperbola, can as well be taken as the forms of Vikshepa.
170
|PsM Te+k <s qyT

Panchatanmatrani are the five equilateral triangles, that are the
result of the revolution of the equilateral triangle as a whole upon any

of the vortices as the axis; Indriyani are the five Jnyanendriyas; the
five Karmendriyas the five fold Prana, the Manas, and the Bhudhi.
The five triangles display only eleven straight lines, and two porcesses,
even though they are expected to have fifteen straight lines. Of which
ten straight lines represent the ten Indriyas, and one the five-fold
Prana, while the two processes, the Manas and the Bhudhi. The
seventeen principles are together called the Sukshama or the Linga
Sareera; and these are the effects of the Apanchikruta pancha
Bhutani, the five Bhutas: - Akasa, Vayu, Agni, Apaha, and Prithvi.
Hence the five triangles represent as well the Apanchikruta Bhutas.
Sutra 6:- Mahatrikonani Bhutani
@@6@@ uNzmu ou
d+ 6 eTVD u
Now that the Purnam is clearly established and the two functions
of Avarana and Vikshepa of the Avidya or Maya, have been fully
explaiined, the fundamental doctrines of Vedanta are fully justified;
yet for the sake of better understanding of the students, the effects
of Vikshepa are described by the sutras following.
Sutra 5:- Panchatanmatraneendriyani
@@5@@ `Yomuum
d+ 5 |+#H D+~jD
Mahatrikonani or the five triangles formed by the five

Tanmatras. These are of various types; yet all represent the
Panchikruta Bhutani, in some schools of thought and Bhutani only
in some schools.
171
Sutra 7:- Sarvachakrasamashtirupo Virat
@@7@@ |YNubz ub
d+ 7 ds # deTws b $s{
'Sarvachakramashtirupaha' means the combination of the
different kinds of these figures, is generally called the representation
of the Virat Purusha. These chakrams are a good many displaying
different notions, rather aspects of the Viratpurusha; for an elaborate
study of these various forms of Virat the students are referred to a
special study of the Author's Srichakradarsanam.
Sutra 8:- Brahmachakramiti Kechit
@@8@@ YNuuoNzuYo
d+ 8 V# $TY
The Virat chakra is called by some Brahmavadins, Brahma
chakram. Brahmachakra means the graphic representation of
Brahma.
Hitherto the Purnam and its relation to the Unvierse, has been
clearly represented, and nothing is spoken of the representation of
the Jiva, the realisation of whose nature is the highest possible
complexity in the field of Vedanta, or philosophy. The sutra following,
enunciates the graphic representation of Jiva.
Sutra 9:- Bindunavakavruttam Jaivam Chakram
@@9@@ utNw \{ YN
d+ 9 _+<Tqe e+ Ce + #+
'Bindunavakavruttam' means the circle containing nine points
Jaivam, pertaining to Jiva. The figure, that is the circle containing
the nine points, can be generally termed "The nine-point-circle", for
172
|PsM Te+k <s qyT
the sake of convenience. The name of the figure is merely are attempt
to describe in a few words; the notions which we obtain by inspection
of and abstration from the figure. These notions we perceive, but to
define them accurately is difficult. So the figure though called by the
same name, differs a good deal in form and construction. The
geometers have their own conception of the nine point circle, whereas
the Vedantins and Schoolmen have their respective representations
relative to their thoughts. The geometers think of it as the circle whose
circumference passes through the peculiar nine points with reference
to a triangle namely, the three middle points of the sides, the three
feet of the perpendiculars drawn from the vortices to the opposite
sides, and the three middle points of the lines joining the ortho centre
to
the
vertices.
In
Bhavanopanishat
it
is
called
"Navarandhrarupaha".
The crudest form of the representation is the four pointed star,
geneally called the Chatushkona. By Chatushkona one should
not mistake the Square, which is called the Chaturbhuja. The
wonderful form of the nine-point circle can be seen in representation
of Kamakala; a description of which will be of much advantage
practical to the studens.
Kama Kala : (Fig. vide page next). The Supreme Everlasting
Intelligence Infinite, the Purnam Brahma of the Upanishadic lore in
His deep Desire to multiply into the Many, can be scientifically
represented by the Circle A B C D. The centre is figuritively termed
the Point, which has no parts or magnitude, and numerically the
Cipher. The Centre here represents the philosophical Maya, the cause
of the first thought. The point is deemed in the light of the conic
sections, circular, hence can be supposed to be a graphic
representaiton of a Mirror, concave through which the Supreme
Intelligence Infinite, produces the Holy focus of the first thought, which
173
174
|PsM Te+k <s qyT
is technically termed the Mahabindu, Whose graphic representaiton
Numerical representation : It is already said that the number
is the Circle K L M N. This Maha Bindu is the Aham, that entertained
Nine is as well represented by the Mahabindu, as such number Nine
the first thought, "Bahusyam" which means 'I multiply'. This
should be said to have undergone some harmonious evolution, rather
Mahabindu is considered in another light as the representation of the
multiplication, along with the figures. This multiplication is represented
unmanifested form of the Sukla (White) and the Sonita (Red), the
by the numbers observed in the respective places in the figure, thus:
immediate cause of the Living forms. This Circle, rather the

Mahabindu, is as well supposed to be the graphic representation of
the numerical infinity where the extremities are the two Nines, positive
and negative. Hence this circle can as well be supposed to be the
unmanifested form of number Nine.
Thus the Circle K L M N, is the graphic representation of :
1. The Iswara, 2. The Mahabindu, 3. The Aham, 4. The number
of Nine.
This Iswara the Mahabindu with the holy curiosity to multiply,
evolved out of the Mahabindu, four similar bindus into the four
directions to become parts and parcel of his holy body. The four
bindus are represented by four circles having their centres in the
At E 4, F 5, G 8, H 7; At K 4, L 5, M 8, N 7: - At the pints of
interesections of three lines, between E & F, 6; between F & G 1;
between G & H, 3; between H & E, 2. At the extremities of the
tangents, to the right of G3, left of G, 1; to the right of K, 6; left of K, 2
to the right of M, 1; left of M, 3, and to the right of E, 2; and to the left
of E, 6; and lastly on the circumference of the Circle ABCD, at A 4; at
B 5, at C 8; and at D 7 The whole figure, the representative of the huge and giagantic
evolution, finds its abridged form in the Bindu Shatushtaya, the
production of the curves drawn in the figure, thus :Curve I
Along the points, 8 1 6 4, on the right side.
same line with the centre of the Mahabindu, at the same time co-
Curve II Along the points 8 3 2 4, on the left side.
tangential with the Mahabiindu; as represented in the diagram. The
Curve III Along the points 5 1 3 7, towards the head.
circle at the top, is termed the head, the circles on both the sides,
the right and left wiings, the circle below, the Puchcha (Support),
while the Mahabindu forms the central body (Atma). The Mahabindu
represents the Karana Sareera; and the Mahabindu together with
the other four bindus, represents the Sukshma Sareera. By joining
the centres of the bindus, and drawing cotangents, through the points
of contact of the bindus with the Mahabindu, the representation of
the Sthula Sareera is observed. And this can be observed as the
beautiful form enclosed within the circle, EFGH: and the remaining
curvatures of the bindus can be ignored for purposes of observation
and meditation.
Curve IV Along the poiints 5 6 2 7, towards the Pucheha.

And this form is the simplest rather the most concise form
scientific. The concise form appears to all practical purposes, as
being formed, by two Ellipses cutting each other cross-wise, enclosed
within a circle. The nine points are those represented by the
centre and the eight numbers of these nine points. The point at
the top, represents the Brahmarandhra, at the bottom, the tip of the
middle fingers of the feet; the two points on both sides, the elbowjoints. These four points are to be seen on the Circumference of the
circle; of the five points to be seen on the plane of the circle, the
175
centre represents the Navel; the two points above the centre, the
shoulder joints; and the two points below the centre, represent the
hip-joints. Thus the Sruti "Navarandhrarupaha" is as well
represented.
This Nine-point Circle; rather this representation of the Ninepoint Circle, present a good many phases, relative to the individual
observations, a description of which can be had from the Author's
Srichakradarsanam.
Now that the graphic representation of Jiva is described, the
representations of Hiranyagarbha and Iswara are enunciated by
the closing sutras of the Ahnika:
176
|PsM Te+k <s qyT
Sutra 11:- Vruttameeswara Iswaraha
@@11@@ wy F|:

d+ 11 eMTXs Xs'
It is already shown that the Circumference represents the
Avarana form of Maya, which is considered as the body of Iswara;
hence the Circle represents the Iswara, Purnam is described as
Vruttarupam, and Iswara, Vruttam, Purnam should be realised
through the Iswara; hence Purnam is represented only after the
fashion of Iswara. That is why Purnam is called Vruttarupam. The
reiteration of the word Iswara represents the grandeur of joy felt at
the close of the Ahnica.
Sutra 10:- Vruttatrikonam Hiranyagarbhaha
@@10@@ wuNzm ulT|:

d+ 10 e D+ VsD>s'
Purnamimamsay am Truteeyamahnicam,
Thus ends the third day of Purnamimamsa.
'Vruttatrikonam' means a circle with a triangle. The

circumference represents the Avaranam, and the triangle, the
Vikshepam. Avaranam and Vikshepam are the bodies of
Hiranyagarbha; hence Vruttatrikonam represents the
Hiranyagarbha.
177
PURNA MIMAMSA
Fourth Ahnica
It has been proclaimed, in the three Ahnicas commencing with
the sutra; "Vruttat Sarvavyavaharavyanjakam samatribhujam",
and closing with the sutras, "Vruttameeswara Iswaraha", that the
Circle, as the Fundamental Cause of all the mathematical forms,
is the graphic representation of Iswara, and as such is the best
possible representation of the Purnam Brahma of the Vedic
Lore. In fact the circle is the visible form of Iswara, nay the very form
of Iswara; as such the highest possible visible manifestation of
Purnam Brahma, assumed by the Purnam Brahma itself, for the
facility of the aspirants. This Holy Doctrine is established in these
Ahnicas, by a rational observation of the Rekha World, the Rupa of
the Divine Art, with the highest authority of Sruti and Smruti. To
establish the same holy Doctrine by a rational observation of the
Nama of the diviine Art as well, for the firm assurance of the students,
the fourth Ahnica proceeds.
Name is the vocal representation of the Rupa. Both the Nama
and Rupa are so closely connected with each other, that any
consideration of the one would naturally bring in the consideration of
the other. Hence the laws guiding the Rupa and Nama, should always,
have natural harmony. And this harmony holy, that is seen between
Rupa and Nama, this Ahnica establishes with the highest authority
of Sruti and Smruti.
Nama is three-fold, - Pada (World), Bija (Manatra), and,
Samkya (Number). Pada and Bija fall under the category of Varna,
Letters. Both the Pada and the Bija are the combinations of letters
only, but with characteristic significance. The Pada can be called a
mechanical mixture, whereas the Bija a chemical compound, of
Varnas. To cite another concrete illustration, of the two forms of letters,
"Water", and "H2O" representing the same object, "Water" is called
the word (Pada), & "H2O", the Bija or the Mantra. Such is the
178
|PsM Te+k <s qyT
difference between a Pada and a Bija. The ordinary world knows

the word, water, only, whereas the scientist alone is expected to
know the significance of the formula and its truth. Similarly the
ordinary world knows the Pada world only and the Brahmavadin
alone is expected to know the mysteries of the Bija. Chemical
formulas and chemical preparations are not within the ordinary
reach of all people; and so is the case with the Mantras. The
mysteries of the Bija or Mantra are to be specially learnt direct
from the mouth of the blessed Brahmavadin; hence they will
be reserved here for the special interest and attention of the
aspirant.
For the reasoon that this Ahnica proceeds to expound the
rationale of the Nama, it begins with the proclamation of the "Nama"
singular, of Purnam and Iswara.
Sutra 1:- Tasya Vachakah Pranavaha
@@1@@ o YN: m:
d+ 1 d y#' |De'
Tasya means of that, or of His; Vachakaha, Nama (Name); the
sutra means that the Name of That, or of His, is Pranava. That means
Purnam Brahma, as dictated by the Sruti "Tat Brahma". The word
that is a simple derivitive of Sanskrit "Tat" only. He means Iswara,
with whose proclamation, the third Ahnica is closed. Pranava fiinds
its explanation in the sutra following:
Sutra 2:- Sankhyarupo Varnarupascheti
@@2@@ Pz m|Yzuo
d+ 2 d+Usb ess |X
The word Pranavaha is complementary in the sutra.
Sankhyarupaha means having the form of number; Varnarupaha,
179
180
|PsM Te+k <s qyT
having the form of Varna. The sutra means that Pranava is two-
that we observe mutual and constant relation between the Vachya
fold; One having the form of number and the other having the form of
and Vachaka, as well as between the number and the Varna (Pada
Varna; and Varna is again two-fold, - Pada and Bija. Hence it can
and Bija).
be easily grasped that Pranava is three-fold, to all practical purposes:viz., Pada, Bija and Samkhya. Pada Pranava is the word Om;
Bija Pranava is the Mantra Om; and the Samkhya Pranava is the
number Nine. It is universally approved that Om is the Pranava
whether it is the word or Bija, but it appears quite new to hear that
NIne is also a Pranava. To speak the truth it is rather difficult
to realise that Pranava is Om; and it is easier to grasp that
Pranava is Nine, for the reason that the real word Nava in Pranava
actually represents the number Nine. Thus we have the three
Pranavams, the Pada Om, the Bija Om, and the number Nine; of
which the Bija is the cause of the Pada and the Samkhya (Number).
Hence the Bija is the direct Vachaka, rather the primary, and
the Pada and the number, the secondary.
The relation between the Vachya and Vachaka is admitted on

all hands to be mutual and constant; How can it be possible to realise
the mutual relation that exists between the number and the Varna?
The sutra following advances the argument:
Sutra 4:- Karanaikyat
@@4@@ Nm{Mo
d+ 4 sD Y
The word Avinabhavaha is complementary in the sutra.
Karanam is the Vachya or the Bija; Ikyam means the state of being
one with; the sutra menas that the relation between the Vachya and
the Vachaka as well as the relation between the Number and the
Relative to the word Vachaka, Rupa is called the Vachya; and
Pada (Word) is mutual and constant, for the reason that the two are
the relation between the Vachya and Vachaka is mutual and
one and only one with the Karanam, which is Brahmaor Iswara in
coonstant, says the Sutra following:-
case of Vachya & Vachaka, from which they have emanated, and
Biija in case of the number and the word for the same reason.
Sutra 3:- Tayoravinabhavaha
@@3@@ozu :
d+ 3 j s$Hue'
The word Sambandhaha which means relation, is
complementary in the stura. Tayoh means of the two; Avinabhavaha,
constant and relative. The 'Two' here many mean the Vachya and
Vachaka, or the Number and the Varna; the two forms of Vachaka.
In either case the meaning of the sutra holds good, for the reasoon
This Avinabhavasambandha is not a new invention, but is

backed up by the holy authorities as well, advances the sutra,
following.
Sutra 5:- Srutescha
@@5@@ wo
z
d+ 5 XX
The sutra means that the Sruti and Smruti maintain the theory
of the relation of the Avinabhava. The Sruties:- 'Omiti Brahma',

'Omiteedam
Sarvam',
'Omkara
evadam
181
Sarvam',
'Omityekaksharam Brahma', and the like, clearly show the Relation

of the Vachya and Vachaka. The relation between the number and
Varna, is two-fold:- Technical and Metrical. Metrical is eight fold:Arshi, Daivi, Asuri, Prajapatya, Yajushi, Samni; Archi and Brahmi.
Technical is two-fold:- 1. relative to the idea, and 2. relative to the
Varna. The words, Chandra for 1. netra, 2. guna, 3. veda, 4. bana,
5. rasa, 6. giri, 7. gaja; 8, nidhi for 9, and similar ones are the
illustrations of numbers relative to the ideal and the universal
aphorisms:- Kadi nava, Tadi nava. Yadyashta; and Padi Pancha
show the numbers relative to the Varna, And these relations show
full well the mutual and constant relation, that exists between the
number and the Varna.
The next sutra proclaims the importance of the number, Bija
and Pada, and Rekha, as the factors of, rather means of investigation:
Sutra 6:- Tasmattehi Tantram
@@6@@ o{ u o
d6 kV ++
Tasmat means for that reason, te, they (Pada, Bija, Sankhya,
& Rekha); tantram means the instrument or means. The sutra
menns that, for the reason that mutual and constant relation exists
between the Vachya and Vachaka, the Vachya Rekha, and the
Vachaka-Pada, Bija and Samkhya, are the prominent factors of
investigation, for the aspirants. Hi shows the surety of the means.
The Avinabhava relation between the number and Varna is
hitherto maintained on the ground that the wto are one with the
Karana, the Bija. The sutra following, maintains the same on the
similarity of their results or consequence:
182
|PsM Te+k <s qyT
Sutra 7:- Pranavadashta prakrutayastabhyoyam

Prapanchaha
@@7@@ mtbNwo: oz2 :

d7 |Dy <w | jT ' u-jT+ ||+ #'
'Pranavat' means from Pranava; "Ashta Prakrutayaha" eight
prakruties; 'prakruti' means an element; 'tabhyaha' from the
elements; 'Ayam' the perceptible; Prapanchaha means the Universe.
Pranava is two-fold:- Sankhya and Varna. From the Sankhya
Pranava have emanated the eight integers: 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8: and from
the Varna pranava, the eight Varnas:- A Ka Cha Ta Tha Pa Ya Sa.
The Sruti "A Ka Cha Ta Tha Pa Ya San srujate" proclaims that the
eight letters have emanated. The wonderful proces by which the
Varnas have emanated can be fully realised from the author's
Matrukadarsanam. It is within the experience of all that the whole of
the Sankhya world, and the Varna world are only the development
of the eight prakruties only; as such it is not worth while for further
treatment.
How the development of the Prakruties and the perceptible
Prapancha from them, has taken place, the sutra following, explains"-
Sutra 8:- Parinamat
@@8@@ umo
d8 |]DeY
'Parinama' means the processes of Multiplicaiton and Division;
with reference to numbers, and the four fold prayatna of the vocal
organs, with reference to Varnas.
The effects, rather the consequence of the parinama is
described in the sutra following:-
183
184
|PsM Te+k <s qyT
Sutra 9:- Tasamupachayapachayau
Sutra 11:- Sunyatvamitchennanantyaprasiddheh
@@9@@ oYY{
d9 k eTT|#j
|#j
T
@@11@@ o{nuuo Yznutz:

d11 XSq$T #H q+|r'
'Parinama' tends to the development or decrease of the
The word Vruttasya is complementary in the sutra. The sutra
numbers or letters. Multiplication tends to the development and
means, that if the Vruttam were to be considered as mere Zero, it is
division to the decrease of numbers; in a similar manner, the
absolutely not, for the reason that the Purnam is well known as the
differences in Prayatna tends to the changes in Varnas.
Infinity. Circle is the Infinity in the world of numbers, and not the zero;
The sutra following proclaims that Parinama has no

influence whatever upon Purnam:-
Sutra 10:- Tou netaratah Purnasyeti Bodhanandaha
and the zero is represented by an oval similar to that of the ellipse. It

is only to avoid confusion in writing that the infinity is represented by
two circles combined together. Hence to think of the circle as the
cipher is rather ignorance polished and nothing more. Hence
there is no scope of an iota even for the Sunyavada of the
@@10@@ o{ zoo: m|zuo zt:

d10 Hs ' |PD9du<q+<'
'Tou' means evolution and involution; 'na' no, 'itarataha' from
another; 'Purnasya' to the Purnam. The sutra means that
Buddhists in the Mathematical world.

The ellipse is considered also as a kind of the circle,
Deerghavrutta; how can it be the symbol of Zero or the Cipher,
then? The closing sutra advances the argument:-
Jagadguru Sri Bodhananda bharati Maha Swamy is the Guru

of the Author. He was a great Mantravetta obtained Mantra
Sutra 12:- Mayikatvadayatasyachayatasyacha
Siddhi and shown miracles only when needed by people. He
@@12@@ uNnto Yo
d12 esTT <jTd #jTd #
was also as grate Jyotisha Pandit. Bodhananda Bharati

observes that purnam is above all the influences of
development by multiplicaiton, or decrease by division from
The sutra means that the Ayatavrutta (Ellipse) represents only
any other number. Hence Purnam is above all forms of evolution
the Cipher for the reason that it is the consequence of Maya. The
and involution, for the reason that it is Infinite.
word Sunyatvam is complementary in the sutra. The conjunction,
Seeing that the Cipher is represented as a small circle, one will

be led away to mistake the Circle as mere Sunyam (Zero). To warn
the aspirants from such misconoception, the sutra following
proceeds:-
'cha' indicates that the ellipse is often mistaken for the Purnam, for
the reason of its resemblance to the Circle. That is why some thinkers
represented the Purnam as the Cipher. The ellipse exhibits the
properties of the Purnam, for the reason that it has emanated from
the Circle. It is but scientific that the properties of the cause manifest
185
in the effect. That is why the ellipse or the Cipher is often

mistaken for the Purnam.
186
|PsM Te+k <s qyT

PURNA MIMAMSA
Fifth Ahnica
The word 'Cha' is intended to supplement similar notions that

are not touched upon here. We should consider Bindu as mere
cipher, even if it is considered as the smallest quantity, for the reason
that the negligible quantity is considered as simple zero to all practical
purposes even. Hence it is highly objectionable to drag such
insignificant negligible quantity into the higher planes of
demonstrations.
The reiteration of the word 'Ayatasyacha' is indicative of the
closing of the Ahnica.
Purnamimamsayam Chaturthamahnicam,
Thus ends the fourth day of Purnamimamsa.
It has been clearly shown by a close investigation of the Rekha

Prapancha, that the Circle is the highest possible perceptible
Manifestation of the Purnam Brahma of the Vedic Lore, in the first
three Ahnicas of Purnamimamsa. It is as well established that the
whole of the Rekha Prapancha has emanated from the Circle and
the Circle alone. This Rekha Prapancha is the Rupa that has
emanated from Purnam Brahma. In the fourth Ahnica, it is explicitly
taught that the Samkhya Prapancha, and the Varna Prapancha,
have emanated from the Pranava, the Vachaka of the Circle. The
Samkhya and Brahma. Hence it can be plainly comprehended that
Rupa and Nama, have emanated from the Circle and its Vachaka.
The Circle is said to be the Visible Manifestation of Purnam,
which is generally conceived as the visible form of the Akasa (Space),
Infinite. Akasa is defined to have Sabda (Sound) for its property. What
is this Sabda then? It is that Sabda audible to the observer, that
makes him separate the Akasa from the other Bhutas; Vayu; Agni,
Apaha, and Pruthvi. What is the form of that holy Sabda, from
which Akasa can be indentified? It is no more than the Holy Pranava,
that is audible everywhere in the Circle ever and anon unceasingly.
Both the Circle and the Sabda are so mutually related to each other
that they are above all processes of separation; as such the visible
Rupa and the audible Sabda are only one and the same, different
as they appear under the perceptions of different senses. It is from
this status of the Circle and Pranava, that the doctrine of the mutual
relation constant, of Nama and Rupa has been realised by the
Brahmavadins. In the View of the Vedantin, the Circle and Pranava
the Sabda, are one and the same but appears differently under
different perceptions. Whereas the Nayyayika thinks that the two
are two different things inseparably linked to each other. Whether
one is visible through the Eye, or audible through the Ear, it is all
187
Perception of the One to the Seer (Self), through Manas, and nothing
more. Hence, whether the Sabda (Pranava) is audible or the Rupa
(Circle) visible, it is only one and only one to the Seer, the Perceptible
Manifestation of Purnam Brahma. Hence the Visible Circle and the
Audible Pranava are one and only one giving birth to Rupa and Nama,
under different perceptions, in variegated colours. And these
variegated colours are the wonderful Prapancha, observed through
the five senses. The whole Universe is observed to display only five
varieties of colours perceptible through the five senses; hence it is
aptly called the Prapanchaha. The word Prapanchaha means
numerically the Number five, after the fashion Pranava, which
represents the Number Nine.
Thus, from a close observation of the four Ahnicas, we have
the following summary:
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
Purnam Brahma Satyam Jnyanam Anantham, is One

only without a second.
Purnam has manifested into the Perceptible Iswara,
whose visible form is the Circle, and the audible form, the
Pranava.
The visible form has given birth to the Pranava form, the
Nine-point Circle, which the observer perceived as the
Prapancha of the head, and tail; body and the two wings.
The audible form has given birth to the two Pranavams,
Samkhya and Varna, from which have emanated the two
Prapanchas. Samkhya and Varna, respectively.
The Rekha Prapancha and the Sabdha Prapancha are
the Rupa and Nama, that have emanated from the Iswara
of the Vedic Lore, by whose Upasana, one would gain the
Supreme Knowledge of Purnam Brahma, the highest
Goal of the Holy Veda.
188
|PsM Te+k <s qyT
Thus this Purnamimamsa proclaims the wonderful mysteries

and secrecies of The Vedic Lore; hence the first sutra of this Ahnica
proceeds with the praise of the holy Purnamimamsa thus:
Sutra 1:- Etadvai Mahopanishat
@@1@@ Lo{ zuo

d1 @< eTVA|wY
'Etat' menas the Purna Jnyana, the Supreme Knowledge of
Purnam; 'Vai' menas surely as 'Mahopanishat', holy secrecy; or
holy Brahmavidya.
The reason for calling this knowledge, Mahopanishat is
advanced by the sutra following:
Sutra 2:- Tadarthadarsanat
@@2@@ ots|t|o
d2 << 9 <X9 HY
The sutra means that this is called Mahopahishat for the
reason that this presents the knowledge of the Purnam Brahma;
as well as the knowledge of the Sruti and Smruti.
If this represents the same knowledge as the Sruti and Smruti,
what special importance does this play in the world, says the sutra
coming:-
Sutra 3:- Kintarhyasandigdham
@@3@@ uNo|utS:
d3 +s d+~>+
The Sutra means that this vividly represents the knowledge;
whereas the other works are too voluminous and elaborate with
intricacies and puzzles, for the aspirants to catch hold of the accurate
meaning.
189
The next sutra advances another argument as to the grandeur

of the work.
Sutra 4:- Sameepyat
@@4@@ yo
d4 kMTbY
For the reason that the knowledge is nearer to the goal, this is
termed the Mahopanishat.
The nearness to the Goal is explained in the sutra following:-
Sutra 5:- Padabijasamkhyarekhanamuttarottaram

Baliyaha
@@5@@ ty\PzQmz y:
d5 |<; d+U s UD eTTs s + jT'
This sutra dictates the relative importance of the pada, the
bija, the samkhya, and rekha in the field of investigation; and the
individual superiority of one over the other, and the highest superiority
of the Rekha over all the others. For the reason that this
Purnamimamsa handles the Rekha as the prominent factor of
investigation, it is the highest authority; as such it is Mahopanishat.
Now that the superiority of the Purnamimamsa is established,
the next sutra declares the important questions discussed in it, for
the guidance of the students and observers:-
Sutra 6:- Idantu Paramarthicam
@@6@@ Ft o us|N
d6 <+Tbse~9+
This Darsanam treats of the Paramarthika knowledge of the
Veda only and not the multifarious aspects of the Vyavaharika
portions.
190
|PsM Te+k <s qyT
The various aspects of the Vyavaharika that have concern with

the Paramarthika are the same as taught by the Vedanta mimamsa
of Sri Krishna Dwaipayana Bharati, to expopund the holy mysteries
of His Holy work, this Purnamimamsa Darsana is intended, says
the sutra coming:-
Sutra 7:- Sarvamanyadbadarayanat
@@7@@ |tmo
d7 ds eTq <<sjTDY
The sutra means that that which is not touched upon here,
should be learnt from Badarayanadarsana, Vedantamimamsa.
Now that the Purnamimamsa is finished, the closing sutras
proclaim the utility, rather the benefit derived from Purnajnyana.
Sutra 8:- Purnavit purnameva bhavati
@@8@@ m|unm|z uo
d 8 |Ps $sy T e ue
One who knows the Purnam becomes Purnam only; that is,
achievers the highest Goal proclaimed by the Sruti and Smruti.
Sutra 9:- Srutatvaccha
@@9@@ wonXY
d 9 X#
By the proclamations of Sruti, one can fully realise that one
who realises the Purnam, becomes one with the Purnam, that is,
becomes himself The Purnam.
And the same truth is as well taught by the Smruti says the
next sutra :
191
Sutra 10:- Smrutesccha
@@10@@ woz
d10 dX
The greatest benifit achieved by the knower of Purnam is
proclaimed by the closing sutra of the Purnamimamsa Darsana :-
Sutra 11:- Anavruttiranavruttihi
@@11@@ Ewuwu:
d11 nHe sHe'
'Anavruttihi' means the perfect salvation from the samsara of
Deaths and Births. The reiteration of the word 'Anavruttihi' is due to
exhilaration of the highest bliss felt at the perfect completion of the
Holy Purnamimamsa Darsana.
Purnamimamsayamahnicam Panchamam
192
|PsM Te+k <s qyT
C
7 C Tm n Tmuo z Nu Nyo
[ze\ mo
E : wmYyuouyt t :
m| yt|
wuN
y ye
Tb
z @@ uo ty\PzQ uozt @
ot m uoy urtV u @@
FQ uXYttz q r u
uNuozNs|N {| m ztuu
uooNm \uuy| Nztoutt
w y|nN m|yt|ztut -
Thus the fifth day of the Purnamimamsa is complete.

Purnamadaha Purnamidam
Purnat Purnamudachyate
Purnasya Purnamadaya
Purnamevavasishyate.
Om santissantissanthihi.
@@1@@ Eso: m|u\r

wu:@@ Est Eo|s|N: @ Nwns|N: @ m|u\r:
Nwnyno @
ztzNmnzo|uozuTntozto
m|u\r oO @ GXoz @ ununouzN: @ Fs|
zTuT: @ tut o @ qnY @@ oz u n m|
u\rNo| Mo Fnstz uOYobno| utoz @
Eotz zns|N:, zt L <<oz<< (Z 8.1.6) Fnutwn,
EuTztyunn os <<m| t<<, Fnutwn mu| t:mn|
t|uo, oszO Yobo m|u\r oyuo,
193
m|u\rzn m| u\rzuo nn m| N|n, E N|um

ey, zz u zeyuTz3u m| N|no osu
qnN|nnw[ zq N|n Noz s|: o Y
uOYob ooz zoz: m|u\r oyuo uo
tzm z\y @@
uN onm| u\rN|nXo Fno E @@
@@2@@ Nmue
wu:@@ YNmue YNNue nmu| n[oz,
YNum utztz u, oum u\-w-tyV|wtyu,
zoum Tzptyu @ o YNmue ouuo oz
Tumoz uuou zoYNue uuo @ E
tu| o m | o utz t uNYN uen Y
Nmun Y @@ os Y NYNuen m|
obsqmuuo : @@
NYN ueno m | qoz uz mru
YNrNnz YN oquo @@
@@3@@ N zQ
wu:@@ N zQ`Y Nuns|: @ N
zQ z zuo nn `\Nnz uo zQn
YNqmuuo uo @ us|NzQ Yzbt{ Yuouom
uzmuzzzt, E{ uuo @@
`\Nn YNqmVbNnz m|`\N
uNungN @@
194
|PsM Te+k <s qyT
@@4@@ tut w
wu:@@ oo m| N w wznz s|: @ u ut{ @ zNz DY|t{
m Tn `\Nnnuutzo yuo @@ m|
wnz Nza|Yn| qmN:, s uoyz NYNub
m|unnO, o >>u<< unutwn unut{ w
NYNoT|onnnXY otzNn tV|buuo YztXoz,
Tumoz z oYN mueuonz 2 u
YNmue uuoz, o YNue
uYnutnz ozuTno u\rnozN
soyz m| u wnNz N:, GuT
ouuo r, VuTuN uuuonouo
o um tz u z Yq u uo os
wuszu N NYuNzQ oz,
oN uuuzubozuT wNno
wn|utuuo wTnO @ LotzzuTnz
u\yutuo @@
out w uuo z m m | w nz w
uuNzQuwotznz o[rzq uzmyozQr
Nnz otz Ns wrungN @@
@@5@@ zQNzms
wu:@@ zQm Nzm Y s { zQzns|: @
zQNzms zQrz \oz onuwowru
wz mu| uo:, u wzNNzQuwou oz
osu oNzQoJ \zQ ubPzNzmo`Y
195
Tumoutz tuo @ os Y wozQNzmuwonzDu oz

sntOo oyuo : @
zoo m| oqm Yu u\rnozN
soyz wn uNuo @ FoYNm YznutN
NsungN @@
@@6@@ wn|`\N u\
wu:@@ wnz|On|`\N ozzT
u`\N u\ : z \: zQ: onu\
otP YNnuns|: @ Gntzm z\y @ E
u NzmJ \zQut: @ u\z uNzmtz z
uoz @ ooonuN Gnby uuo @@
wo u\nunz w u\ztnuuo
oXY uN muNno Nwozu umunzuo
m F uo|nungN @@
196
|PsM Te+k <s qyT
uouoWlg{Ntz ouo|z NnNnzDuJ

\noz outuo : @@
utnO Nzz zno E @@
@@8@@ :
wu:@@ wz uNzmtz EzzD Fns|: @
Ez u uu: @ N|: NmYzuz o @ o N|
unz uo q[run|n qm @ E uzuzz FXZz
uzuzz wtt{ qnuzz z Yuouooz uzmuzm
mt @ Nmo tzut\n qm @
ET: @ ouubn qm @ {ub
uNmo uubutNm onnz @
EuNmo{ub`Y XZztNtzuXZnXZztNN
uXZnzzzuo @
u\owub @@
@@7@@ Eo
wu:@@ os YmnzNn Nbsnz umun
Y: no m F uo|n oyuo :,
TnNs: ? os u zNz Out \oun
\o\NnN owtz, yweuNzmnut
uzrnN mtz, {TuSut utz Y
nTy Goz @ Nwoz z wz uNzm Ty
En u|nXY Fuo Yz @ E
nz | qN: @ s N NN
@@9@@ u\n`YYum oz: `YuNzmu

ozzDuQYNum
wu:@@ u\NXYNo `Youm `Y u\u
oz: `YuNzmu ozzDuQYNl\ozns|: @
u\nNsuQYNmnuungN @@
197
198
|PsM Te+k <s qyT
@@10@@ GzNo
y Ty :
wu:@@ umutns|: @ umnNYNmnu t|utuo

: @ umun YztnuooNnz uo
otsuz n @ o uo| m no , Vb
ooumunm uz, Tumoz GzNt mn
Tutuo @@
ym|yt|z wuNz uoyuN :

stz XYN mueunz NYN ue
m|unO @ o Nnu|: uouto uo @ L usoz
uty NYNNmn to NzayYo uuo
uyuNoz @ o outNmt u @@
u\zNz tuQYNmnuo FngM @@

@@11@@ o
@@1@@ utuuo YzzSno
wu:@@ oTumoz uNmz u\zzNtuQ

YNznut|utns|: @@
wu:@@ NYNnN`Yzntuzunz
otw`Y uo Nmz Nyz utz z Nmn uN tzNz
No| MnutngNoz utuuo @ ouuo, zuo @ EzSnutuo @
NYNNmn|nutns|: @ osu utNmutz utz:
zQou\ ooo\
| uuo ynznuyYN: @ o gTXYoz,
utz: uumnz zQty umnnumzon uumz
ntuz qo, uum umzon uou u|
N|Nmuonnz| : zD| nnzunuttmz tuozD
utNmt Fuo @@
utz u | umnoz NYN Nmnz 2 u
{ uNutuu umg T yNw n N oNYN Nmn
zOungN @@
zN NYNzntNnz gNzYuN{ Nsun

gN @@
@@12@@ ozzYY{ YNm
wu:@@ oz - GzNz m, YNm uNzmutztu YY{
o Fuo z: @ GzNY uNgNzYztuu: @ uNtnu:
gNzYo q Fuo uzN: @@
uoYNmu m| wu uNNzY{ uN
oun uno E @@
@@13@@ o uNzm uNzm
wu:@@ uNzm Nzmuo, uNgNzY{ wuq{ o
Fuo z: @ os Y nNzmuo ozNz Fuo n w zNz
Fn uoz @@ uuOuNu o{ @@
Fuo ym|yt|z suNwu: o @@
@@2@@ EmnXY
wu:@@ Fo utz: Nmn uo, No: ? EmnXY @
Yt: | q o|uo, Emno, utzmntmumuubno
Nmn oyuo @ Y utzmnzDu uoO nNm
199
uN utuo X zNz tzo zm tzoz

zTzDoz o utz @ os Y utzu|umnz
zTnNmn oyuo :, Y N|nz
tzuNnu Noz No Fuo X @ osuo ntzuN
otunuuo zunnu{ ou Nmou\rs
ots{ @ uN Y zT uo N|m: Nmnz onNmyo N|
Ny, ou Nmu\rtwbuuo YzunNtwbnue
nNmzuuttue :, uNmz: N|Nmo,
Etwb utuentzDt: @ EuN o
tmt|tTo @ Tsuoz ùYo @
200
|PsM Te+k <s qyT
@@5@@ umtw\zQ
w u :@@ z N z um Y nz N unz D u
umuub s E os J \n zQ nzN
unzu J \nuubzQuno otVubouNzmu
TTNnz o: Nmn Noz uN touuo uz
uo @
J \zQuuo Fn @@
@@6@@ mo
wu: @@ mtz J\zQuuuuo : @@
nNn utzu|o|n uN utngN @@

uN onmungN @@
@@3@@ EuNmnzTXY
@@7@@ tt:
wu:@@ Eu Yt: | qnws|:, \oun EuNmn
zTutuo, EuNmnutns|: @ zNz Out O{ \ouo
| Fnt{ { | uo uenz zoz @ uueoz
onuo|n oynzoz tzDu uNwo L @@
o utzmnz Nmn uNzm os n uN
NutngM @@
wu: @@ utNz J\zQz muns|: @ os Y

J\zQnz ot VubouNzmuutuuo : @ Y
uNzmz wn|N u\uuo l
[o Fuo X @ o us|NnzDu uNn
ngTyNzm luuo Y{ otOuuo @ Euttz Oz:
uT: uOz\ o |tzzuo @@
@@4@@ uNzmuuo Yzo

Fuo ym|yt|z uoyuNwuo @@
wu:@@ uNzm umnnNmn oyuo ouuuo
zuo @ Eutuo @ J \zQuubYNuNzm{
utns|: @
uNzm |\ynnNooungN @@
201
ym|yt|z wuNz owoyuN :

Loo Tstzm
| YNmnuz uzu
u`Yo oz uzzuTnY{ owoyuNm: m|
oquo @@
@@1@@ u uT|m uuN uY m|
wu:@@ uT|o: E: E: ou, uuns|:,
uTm
| Tuttzuo, Eo L uuN uNuo, TTut ws|,
uYuuo runs|: @ Ez unrn m|
qm uYouuo : @ XYNmueunz
NYNuenqmu u|unut Ns
uo Fuo Yz, YNtz ot N|\o Tyo
Mnz unnz so: Nztu NYNue
onobsqmu o qmnum wsN
uunut qmO @ NYNutN
wnN uo Fuo Yz s Nzunz2u
otwu Nun odouuo unnN uoz
onso L NYNoyo mu| nOz o nz unn
ol [z o z u o onu T o z Y
Nutw D z w n uNuo @ os
YoownNuzz unz o m| uuuuo
Y{ uunut u`Yo @@
s zNz wq wqon\oyzt: uutoz u\oyzt:
ut Tozt uos mD| u uN utunM @@
202
|PsM Te+k <s qyT
@@2@@ LNzuoy
wu:@@ zNz s wqz \oywqozt: Tout
zt uoz os{ mD| u o sN uN <<LN<<, <<L<<,
<<Euoy<< uuo t @ os Y tzm sN zt u|o
Fuo : @ Fns Y \oyut ztuo unO
m u\Oz oyuo on| @ E u mtyu @ m
TQzooMm @ ots| uOuuYo @
o{tuuXZ uu @@
Loo m| o[r`Y uomuqzOz
utt|utmuO uuo @@
@@3@@ uum
wu:@@ uu: lgzQ, EmmuO:, os Y

uutwmuOns|: @ s Nuuuo
oXZ o[r uouo otmuOu m|r
uomynzzO uumuuo @ un
s|nmuOqmuuo : @
uqzuO @@
@@4@@ u\ uqz:
203
wu:@@ u\y uqzunOuns|: @ Eu n

s|n uqzunOqm u\tzzoYNmnu t|uqz
unOn u\zuo : @@
204
|PsM Te+k <s qyT
@@7@@ |YNubz ub
Es oum @@
@@5@@ `Yomuum
D
F
C
H
wu:@@ oum `Y u\u, Fuum rzuum

Nzu| um mN Y Yuo @ mNu oN|nzuz
tz Two Fuo : @ olz `You Yuo @@
wu:@@ |um u YNum wu\utztuu @ oz

ub o u @ bNzmwnNzN `YNzmXY @@
@@8@@ YNuuoNzuYo
wu:@@ |YMub YNuuo NzuYo @zozouQz
toyns|: @ Es \y @@
Es yNwoo @@
@@9@@ utNw \{ YN
@@6@@ uNzmu ou
wu:@@ utuo w YN \yuns|: @ o utN
oz, oo utNuuo uoz @ ut: tzs um
Yuo @@
\yumo ulT| @@
@@10@@ wuNzm ulT|:
wu:@@ `Yoznu `YuNzmz `You

Yuo ubu ub @@
205
wu:@@ uq\uowz ulT| uo @ ulTq|

uqzmunOnOnz wu\zm uqzunOn
uNzmnNn ulT|zuo : @@
206
|PsM Te+k <s qyT
m|yt|z wuNz Yos|uN:

mz|z: u oz|YN @@
@@1@@ o YN: m:
Es ulT| uz uuo @@
wu:@@ o m|z YNzDu m: Nwbz :
Nozuns|: @ m oouuo oz: @ oozD zuo
m: @@
@@11@@ wy F|:
NzD m- z ooz FnNgq o {u @@

@@2@@ Pz m|Yzuo
wu:@@ uuuwoo w @ uu|munO:, o

Y{o, os >> o Nwuo uu o z<< uuown
sYmunOuwony onuumunOnz
wznuuo : @ uunOuNuo{ @@
Fuo ym|yt|z owoyuNwu: o @@
wu:@@ uuz u : @ z|nOYN: m: uN: @

Poz Dzuo, P EW: : P: NzDW
LN: @ l|ozDzuo n m|: Eq: :
m|: CNz uoy Fuo @ Yt: s|: @ Fuot: us|: @
P z P, m| z CNYzuo m {uuuo
um|: @ CN mntzz uo @ wuownut |
uno @ Ns P: mnuutuuo Yzo @ GXoz @
Nwbz : m Fuo nn Pu zt <<n: t:
ts|:<< Fuo o @ uN Y <<zNTos|: tz zztzDu
zN:<< Fuo z nzm zts| m|ynz Nutu
tz: uo @ uN o u\rN{ uo @ <<uoooNz|
yo<< uuo Noz: @ Eoz P: mn
nOzzn Nwo @@
F|, oYN Y Muo XYNz:
uuX zu uo\yoz @@
@@3@@ozu :
207
wu:@@ ozmzuozon @ oz: XYNzu:

L @ Euo uzuuo o @ oz: Pm|
mzu L : @@
uouzuuo X YN YN
m YuzDo @ Nsnounz oyz: P
m|zu Fuo YztXYz @@
208
|PsM Te+k <s qyT
@@6@@ o{ u o
wu: @@ XYNzu: oo{ Py\zQ:
o ozm Fns|: @ ouuo \ozNY @ yuo
us|:@@
Pm|{: NmnDuz uuo: @ N|nu
ozu t| mN|m N: @@
@@4@@ Nm{Mo
@@7@@ mtbNwo: oz2 :
wu:@@ osu Pm|z: YNz: Nmn Xn
LNn untuz2ut Lzns|: @
Euz m @@
@@5@@ wo
z
wu:@@oz: uoutzu ozuuns|: @ YNnwuo
uutu Xoz @@ os @ <<Ezuuo , Ezuoyt... |<<,
<<EzunzNq << Fnutuowuo: XYNzuz
zoz @ Pm|zz uu: @ Ztz: gNzuoNzuo @
Ztzz2bu: @ Ey|, t{y, Ey, \n, \y, y,
EYy|, y Fuo @ gNzuoNz u uu: m| Yzuo @
s Ty Yoo, os{ Yoo, Eo: Ty {zuo
@ Nut but b utzuo m| @ E,
<<T|qum TzD| Tz|2Tz|2T|qum No g{ : @
QuNz Tz|DTz| nTz| << @@
(E|by 1.2) Fuo @@
X YN YNzQm|zzu oz
ou\r: n t|uo @@
wu:@@ mYNutns|: @ PnmtbNwo:,

LNzyumYnub obunbgN: @ EqtzWtNYbo Fnbm| Gn Fuo t: @ o: NwuozD
PnN m|nN Y : unun: @@
mnNs NwuouNwoynuuo YztXoz @@
@@8@@ umo
wu:@@ TmuNutnu: @@
um @@
@@9@@ oYY{
wu:@@ umutnwu: @ o NwuouNwoyYY{
wut uns|: @ Tmz wu: zmYzuo uT: @@ um
t @@
@@10@@ o{ zoo: m|zuo zt:
w u :@@ o{ T m O w u t{ m | z o o:
zoPNwoTmo: o Fuo ztnY|: oz @
ztTm \s| @
TO Duoo tM uNzuo @@
209
@@11@@ o{nuuo Yznutz:

wu:@@ wgN n oXZn Fuo Yzo,
ouo @ Nwo Fuo Yzo @ o Enutzu|nutns|: @
nuut: wuubgN{ o wzuo YztXoz @
no @ EowgN{ n: @ o w
zuo uT: @ uN o zQNt\uotzto uubn
tz: uN: @ o oo Fntz: @ ozm wgN
n No: s|: o @ Eoz ntuuuo
to: @@
ou wn: @ Ns o ntz Fuo
Yzt N: @@
@@12@@ uNnto Yo
wu:@@ Eow uNnN|no @nunuw :
| o @ >> N|<< uuo oyoz: @@ Y Nnmn| tzzDu

n [o Fuo @ m|uo Fno m|ntz: @ o
s|o: @ Nm|: Nz| gNoyuo o @ Eoz tz: @
EO Xoz s|t: @ os @ ut @ ut: sNzDmzD uz: @ uut E Fuo oz: @ o
oXZnzoNuns|: @ NzuYntzz utzu ntz
Fnu: @ Puo|z @ Puo|zz\no
n Fuo zt:, Eo: {o utuuo Puo|z
Fuo Y tz Fnu: @ Eooyo @ Eo m|
unut oyonzzuo u: @@
210
|PsM Te+k <s qyT
ymu| yt|z wuNz `YuN

suoyoyYos|uNz m| utN u`Yo @ Ft
Tsz\ m|u\r Y uuo uNoz @@
@@1@@ Lo{ zuo
wu:@@ LotuNYobnN m|yt| zun
uns|: @ n YuoyouotNnz {tzDnouo
zo @@
uoyzquoutNzNQztuzutzq Ns
ungN @@
@@2@@ ots|t|o
wu:@@ out zDs|: onuotNnutns|: @
uts|uotNnz o oy uNs|zD uNo
FngM uzuo @@
@@3@@ uNo|utS:
wu:@@ o| Ts Nzuts|uotNnz uN z\uuo
YztutSut utSs|nzD utSnttmyuuo : @@
zno @@
@@4@@ yo
wu:@@ ytuoNmnutns|: @ ty\P
zonzDu zQ: qtzonutuo : @@
Euonz @@
Fuo m|yt|z Yos|uNwu: o @@
@@5@@ ty\PzQmz y:
wu:@@ t wuownutTs @ y\ @ P
211
212
|PsM Te+k <s qyT
Nutznut ut @ zQ Y YNut @ oz y:

m|r uo||zq Gz y: qnNmuns|: @
P|onz o L Noz uuo Yz s
VbNutN uo w t mnz D u N qtz o n
onP|onzmNmn zQ Lznztuo
ty\zuo O @@
m | u t m | n m | t Xoz m | m | t m | z uoz
o{onwu|tz: uoztz E << | YznutNy @
Lzotz <<utzuo << unt{ Two Fuo : @@
@@6@@ Ft o us|N
wu:@@ Ft m|yt| us|N s|zNz otz
zto o os|NnzD{NzNn Xoz @@
s|zNnz For NsungN @@
wu:@@ z|nNwb t m|r Yuo @ wuo <<L y

uso: s| { uuo @ usnoNzDu u|mwXZuo<<
Zuuo zYo s| yTm: L y
uy usuo:, L usuo uo NzDu z
zoyns|: @ E uso{ usn EoNzDu u|mwXZuo
zoyns|: @@
@@7@@ |tmo
wu:@@ |o mr
| tn tmo tTouuo
z: @ myoztot|z |oonz otT \ twb
rzuuo on|s|: @@
uYN mut m|rz \oz uN z\zzn
gN @@
Nz wuo: uN o wuoyn @@
@@10@@ woz
o @@
@@11@@ Ewuwu:
wu:@@ m|ut: Ewu: w L oyuoz: @ o
uo\ <<oz|wonzuo @ oz|oz o|oz,
Loz uo F o| o|oz zNuo<<,
Fnutns| bnz u`Yo @ Eu uuOuNuo{ @@
@@8@@ m|unm|z uo
gT : @@
wu:@@ m|uo m|ry mz m|z oyuo z
N @@
\T yNmtoy oY| u uuYo

m| yt|
m|ut: m|nz m t|uo @@

u: C ono
@@9@@ wonXY
wu:@@ wono wn uonutns|: @ uo <<m| t:
The original Sanskrit text was written in Telugu script. It was

rewritten in Devanagari script by Gurjada Suryanarayana Murthy,
Hyderabad.
213
8(n) nqT+<e TT ` 1
y<+ |]uc|< $esDeTT
n
: esd e jT+ yTTyT T<{ ese TT. Xu eTT+<T #]

< ess+ #TT+~. n~ b eyTH e#T
beyTH e#T. (< :n$y+ , n$#s+) n> njT
eTeDeTT n+f jT+ < eD+< ns+ . n+f d\
d Xs\T s +& # q +. n nH< z+ s+
yTT<{ ns + . nq> d\ Xs C><e d L $X&H Je&
d+ +. eTsT\ V d+ +. | _C<s q+ ns+
|X s|yTq e, Vs+ $eTss|yTq X
|r. s +& _+<Te <s @yT nVyT nH Jeue yTs&+<
y]e.
n>V
: >V + ~. nq> @ +~j T + | T s~.
Incomprehensible. +. jT<
<X eT>VyT
n>#s
: >#s+ ~. > n+f +~jT+ < Cq+. < |]~
+f n~ >#s+. Objective to knowledge. n +f
n>#s+ . +~jreT ue+.
n#\
: #*+#~. <\ ~. ds y T q ~. +. n#jT+ dHq'
n+
: ++#& < eTqdT }V+#Te& X yT ++.
}VryT n++. Unthinkable.
n
: ` +#~. n`q~. Unborn. . sDeTT+f
< q q \T>TT+~. sD+ <T . n{ n< sD+
qT n~ n+.
nV\D : e eTTUs+ #\b \De ns+ #|e\d
+T+~. Secondary Sense. n~ s +&T $<\T. { VY
` eTTUs |P]> e<T\Te&+. < ' }s+ |>\ &
q$+~. }] <T\T }] q qT\ ns+ #| y*. ~
VT \D+. n \~ |sT>&TTq~ nq|&T
\>TseT~. n+<T \T|qT e~jT >&<T < dV
>TseT ns+ . ~ nVY \D
+.
214
|PsM Te+k <s qyT
nCjTee : nCjTey VQ< $CjT ` +#+&H n ns+.

+# +&H VQsb\ uddT q ~. n< +.
ns
: ]+#s~. }V+#s~. +. ns eTDT |eDyT
n Xd+ .
nr+~jT : +~j\ >#s+ ~. Incomprehensible. +~jTeTT\T
e qT ds|+.
n<jT/n< : <jT+ ~ < + ~. n+f s +&e~ <T . # q +.
<+f n<q+> Je&T &T >T < T , XsT&T&T .
n~rjT : @yT y~rjTyT. s +&e~ <T . dCrjT, $CrjT, d>
u< \T < n< d<++.
n<X
: n<XeT ue+. q&~. |se +.
n<w
: q&~. eTq+ #dTq s|\+. n~ eTsD+ esL
| * $ Te< T . q & +& eTs D q+ s + eTqbT
+eTT\ H+s\ e n& <wyT eTq
|*$TdT+~. BH n|PseT MTe+d\T #|sT.
# H L& n<we T |sT. n<wy T qV <X.
n< ekq / : XjyTq Cq+. Cq w. A strong coviction
n< ekjT : regarding the supreme self. eekjTeTL& He+
s+ \<T. eekjT~'. ~ XeDeTqH\ sT y
*> eT&e<X. Cqw.
n<d/n<s| : Super Imposition | < s + MT< eTs= <
|&y j
T &+. n+<T yTT<{~ edTe . Substance. s +&e~
edTe <T. < nud Appearance. < : \+MT< s+ >+,
T<T<+ (T&>) yTT<q $. nH ||+ #eT+ # q +
MT< n<s|eTsTTq< n<T\+{sT. n~cqyT
basic nH n<s|+
. nH MT<H <T. yTT< nH
MT< nsTT+~. < V +seT |sT. <V _eqeT+f
<. sT y eTs nH MT< nsTT+~. eTeTseT
Bq+{sT. <+ nd\T sT>< T . ueH Notional n+{sT
n< T\T.
215
n< / n~u / : eTqdTL Xs d++~++~ n<. uV+>

n~<e
: |+# u |<s\ #+~+~ n~u . eTqryT q |
X \ #+~+~ n~<e +.
n<$< : e\ <|yT q d++~+q< ns+ . Cq+.
n~sD
: $wj #]+# d+<s+ Discourse. B nsTT<T
n+X\T | +&*. $wjT + ` $XjT + ` d+> ` | + `
de<q+.
nq+
: n++ ~. V<T ~. $CrjT ueyT& m<TseT+< n&
n++ @s&TT+~. <' |~$ \+ $CrjT+ n&~
n++. nH ||+ #+ $Xc eTs= $Xw+ $CrjT+.
qT n <={ n+yT. n k+yT. n
m& & b n $Xc\q y|+q<< n~ nq++.
<H keqeT Universal n |sT. +>sT q>\ +>s+
n{ y|+ jTT+T+~. n~ nVeTH #q +. ndu
nH y| $Xwy T particular <T . qT |se nq++.
n|Ps+ : |Ps+ ~. yTT< ~. yTT<\T ~. VeT ns+ .
n|PseTq|s+ n+{sT V. += ns+ \<T. eTq
s|\+ y+H nqTuy s<T. n~ +s\ y
edT+ ~. n|{ esL \e+& s | n|PseT+{sT.
n|sV : V sTD
Z yT |s+ . d>T DyT n|s+ , sVeT, X\
VeT n+{sT. BH XsT&T God n+{sT.
nbsTwjT : bsTwjTeT+f |sTw&T *++~. *+#~ nbsTwjT+.
Super human. eqeyT<d
T nryT q ~. Beyond mind.
y<y vjTeT+ nbsTwjTeT |<\ T n+{sT.
n_Cq
: >T]+#&+ . eTsT>Tq |&q eTs XeD eTqH<T\
>T]+#&+ . n #dq y&T n_E& T .
neTT
: V+ ~ |s+. d++~+q~ VeTT.
|s d++~++~ neTT eTTw+.
VeTT |\ u>+ : V |s d++~+q s | nqTu$ +#&+ . s
#dT H =B | qTue + V|s\ | d]. n<
216
|PsM Te+k <s qyT
k<q ~ ny+# jT+. k< &T $s #+<*. +{ $s+

k<q #T wj
\ {.
n$<
: $< ~. $< n+f Cq+. eTTK+> VCq+ <
Cq+. n~b nCq+. eTqq CqeT+ $Xw CqyT.
~ deTd |]cs+ <T. <' mH $wj \qT \TdTe&+.
y<+T\T B $< n CqeT nq<T . ysT B n$<>
#bsT. y<y vjT+ yTT<\T |{ u $<\ n$<jT.
Nescience $< nd @+ +< n~. q$< Hd @~ <
n~. nue+ L& n n+{sT. qT @~ |dT + < n~
nue+. ||+ #+ nue+. ~ |r d<y T edTd < +
<+{sT n< T\T. Cq+ m|& +T+~. nsTTH eTq~
qT dT+ ~. < n$<. |se ~ $<. Jy n$<.
nVyT/nV+s:nVeT+f HqT n Xus+ . n u$+yT nV+s+. H~
nH <V ~ b<T \ \e+& u$+#>* ~ ds|yT .
n kb~yT n~ nH neT+~. ss|yTq~
nV+syT ks|yTq #qeTT . nV+ss
n+{sT y<+T\T. ~ <udT& e\ <|+ <T.
n+f Je&H ns+. +{ Je&H n u$TksT
|PsMTe+d\T.
: HqT nH ue+ dTsD

. Consciousness. n< ds|eTT
nH ||+ #+{ . qT n+f ds|+ self or
. T qT dT]+#&+ . $ s +&
substance. dT +&&+
B \D\T. $ H < >#]+# nH L&
|ksTT. { H\T> ud+# s +& C q
n< T\ d<++. BH @ ds n n+{sT.
H $ye TT : @< nH @< & \TdTe&+ <V+~j<T\ <>sZ
qT+& uV ||+ #+ esL nH @yT b sTT+~. ndq
qT < qT+& ysT #j*. ysT #jT&yT k+K
j>eT+{sT. u> e BZ k> u$d . k yT nH.
q+<
: q+<eTH, q+<eTH dTKeT ns+ . ~ $wjT q+ <T.
$wjT s|yT q q+. jT+ q+<+ >T]+q MTe+d
w
esD
217
me> \<T. eTqTcq+<+ qT+& |s VksTT esL mH

q+ T&TqT, *w& T qT, #T k>s |]yw + >T
|~$q+qT d X seTT\# |]b*+#Ty&Tq>T ksueTT&
(#e]) jTT q+<eTT eqTcq+<eTTq H<s eTT.
1. nTe+{ jq+<eTT eqTcq+<eTT.
2. qsT eTqTcq+<eTT\T ` eTqTw>+<s q+<eTT
3. qsT eTqTw>+<s q+<eTT\T ` <e >+<s q+<eTT
4. qsT <e>+<s q+<eTT\T ` | <eq+<eTT
5. qsT | <eq+<eTT\T ` nCq<eq+<eTT
6. qsT nCq<eq+<eTT\T ` s <eq+<eTT
7. qsT s <eq+<eTT\T ` <y q+<eTT
8. qsT <yq+<eTT\T ` +<q+<eTT
9. qsT +<q+<eTT\T ` Vdq+<eTT
10.qsT Vdq+<eTT\T ` |C|q+<eTT
11.qsT |C|q+<eTT\T ` Vq+<eTT
n{ es~ Vq+<yT. |+#X\ \ q+<eTjT
X+ q+<+ ~~. V |#+ |c nH eqT {
Vq+<yT ndq q+<+.
: jTeTT. |yTw yTT<\sTTq$. n+w nq> e]k]>
eqe #d~.
: esDeT+f | &+. #T{y & j
T +. ny| \ qT+N eTT+f
n~ esD+. ejXq s+&TeTTU\ ~ yTT<{~.
dTw| |dT + T+~. # H n& u> q& +&
| yd+ ~ e. ~ nH~. n$<. ydH XseT, sD
XseT B |sT. esD CH +& #d B _q+>
$| e TH~ nH >T q T jT|&TT+~. yTT<{~ contraction s
+&e~ distraction. Jeuy {, ><y
={ <] rksTT.
218
|PsM Te+k <s qyT
esD`$| X \ T :
1. esDX : edTe qT e]+ qT\ #jT Tq~. ~ s +&T $<e TT\T n)
ndesDeTT : edTe <T nq& sDeTsTTq~. (nd eTT
R b e&+, < <e&T &T n|+#~)
) nuyesDeTT : edTe *jT&+<T n eeV]+#&
sDyTq~ nuyesDeTT. (nue+R*jTbe&+, <
<e&T H& &, H |+#&+ <T n n|+#~.)
2. $| X : edTe Hs|+ qT #d~. (< sEd s u+)
Xs/{/X : n{ f nseTT. X n+f $wj n<T|
+#Te&+. |q+ #jT&+. To command / To control
nH >T uV+>, +s+> #]< q eX+
+#T= q&T|#Tq~ XsT&. jTqqT n+s$T n
n+{sT. Xs' ds u H+ V<X n ê#q+. q
ejX nBq+ +#T= dw, d, \j<T\T #dTq
y&T me&T \& y& XsT&T. Xyd$T<+ n
Xyk|wT e#q+. <+ XsT #H yd+ nsTT
q~ qT eTq+ B XsueqH #&\+Tq~
|wT . |se ysT XsT&T ysT . sTD
Z yT n~
|se < V+. n~ d>T DyT >H+ sVd XsT&T.
ejX sTDZ + >T|y T +T+~. XsT& | yT n
nBq+ dc<T\T #dT + T+~ n sV d+. l \*dV d
He\ X |<+ # # edT+ ~. < ns+ .
|<q/b~ : < eTs=< +#&+ . $ s +& edTe n+{sT
\T. $T> XdE\T. <VsD \MT< |d+
+#T, ydyT, |deT ydeyT. & \ <syT
<MT< |{q |d + b~. n< + B q+^]+#<T .
<syT edTe . < MT< |{q eTs= edTe b~ <T. <
\T ud (Form). <VsD \+ MT< s+ >+. C
ysT > d+yT q |<s+ <T. \yT s+ >+> uddT q ~.
qT \+ MT< b~> s|y T q ~ \yTq #| e\d
+T+~. \+ <eyT substance. s+ >+ < s|+ (Form).
z+s+
>
>TD
219
s|+ <y|& ysT < n< T\ d<++. qT b~

n+f nud n ns+ #dT y*. b~ <seTT Medium.
|D[ n L& ns+ \<T. HeTsb\T # H b<T \T.
<V+~j<T\T b<T \T. n+f |* # q + M{
<s |d] dTq <, edTe |d] +# k<q yT b~ nH es+ .
: kV+ nH e ds Vs\T |d n~ z+ nsTT+
<+{sT. d' nV+ kV+. y& HqT. n+f XsT& HqT.
H y& u< + < ue+. ~ nqTuy #T e{
B eT&T es\T> $u +#sT. n`èT. n nH~ C><e d L
n+<T q $X&H Je& d+ +. nH~ db dT&
d+ +. eT nH~ dTw| n+<T bE& d+ +. l\*
dV dHe\ `
$Xsb C>]D d|+r k
dTb bC Ts esek $e] n e]+#sT.
d+ #]+#|& nekj n+<T +B nsTTq
JeD ueq#d &|
eT seTH H<yT & bT+< <
Tjed> >T]+#>* n|& Je ueeT+ m]bsTT
Je&XsT& nH @ue+ nqTuy edT+~. qTH
z$Ts + V yVsH eeTqTdsH n ^ u~++~.
z+ nH~ < e\yTT \+q+ < |r. Symbol.
: >eTq+. be+, q&e+, <X, Stable ned. + CqeT
L& ns+ \<T. nqqb >sHd & n> n
$] #bsT. n> n+f Cq+ be&+. deTsT&q y&T
u~d Cq+ +& b< ue+. kc k|s>' n+f
ne>jT > n uw+ e]+#sT. ne> n+f CqyT.
n< + CyT nqTue +.
: <e+ \T <s +. Quality, property or a substance. |~$
>+<> T D+ \<T. d , s de TdT\H | >TD\T L& e#T.
HeTs| jT\T L& (>TD) e#T. M{ *dq<
d>T D+. \eb sTD
Z +. +<T sTD
Z + ds|yT
d>T D+ $u . >TDeT+f n|< qyTq < L& secondary
220
>s
>Ts|<X
>TV
Y/
#H
#q
#HjT
|PsM Te+k <s qyT
nH ns+ \<T. |< qyT eTTKeT, n|< qyT >TDeT

|s=+{sT Xd+ .
: <s+ . |* u>+. VsD>s . VsDeT+f djT+|XyT q
# q +. n~ q >T|+ > q y&T VsD>sT &T . Je&T
deTw Je&T. V<e&T.
: j>T&q >TsTe j>T&q w& #d u<. eTTK+> sV dyTq
V w & nqTu y # | u < + . B
d+|<jTeT, >eTeT |sT. Initiation.
: >TV q~. >|yTq ~. sV d+. n{H sV dyTq ~.
$Cq+. >TV+ V dHq+ nqe. s$<
s>TV+ n ê#qeTT. The top secret n ns+ . l
\*dVdHe\ |syTX] >TV (653) >| (278)
>TVs|D (743) yTT<q He\ qT+#&T#Tq~.
: #q+ consciousness. Self awareness HqTHqT nH
ue+. < . # q yT < ds|+. # q eT
|s=q+, =jT ueT nq+ +{~. s +& f yde +.
nsTTH yeV]+> e e+~.
: #q *q~. eTqdH ns+ . CqeT L& (n< T\T) ns+ .
dT#' n+f eT+ Cq+ \y&T.
: Consciousness d], dTsD
, Cq+. n< T\T # q eT+f
bD+ < T C q + awareness n+{s T . l\*
dV dHe\ |sy T X] # q + ` nH He\
qT+|&T#Tq~.
: |~eT+~ # \T <] +y T+f & # + b sTTH n+<]
*| # n n+{sT. n> JyX sT*<s Xs+ +&
s |\ + nqTu$ dTH s #| H Je& XsT&T s |\ +
nqTu$ +#&+ <T . H TT+|+ dTd ` <s
s |\ + nqTu$ dTH s Xd+ n+T+~. B # HjT+>
rdTeTHsT yU\T. nq> # + y& L& # nH
|sT eqT s |\ eTT+& bsTTH XsTD L& Je&
#d e]+#s ue+.
221
: bD+. Life, living being. <V + es |]$TyT q n<Hq

<+ identity #+~q # q +. B Jy n |sT.
s eT, u eTT B \D
\T. #dy& nqTu$ +#y&
Je&T. B $\DyTq k #H |se n|sT.
n+'sDeq`n+'sD |_+_ #qeTT. Jy
|se nu< CqyT eTT k<q eTT.
nV nV V< V\D eTT\T :
V\DeTT : |eD+s $s<e TT e\q eTTUse TTqT d]+| sqT
>TDeTT> eTTUse TT d++<e TT\ nHse TTqT >V +#T
V\D
eTT. < >+>j+ |T w' ( >+>jT +<T >=\|
>+> rseTTq >=\| j
T nse TT.)
nV\D eTT: yse TTqT $&TejT jTHse TTqT rdT=q nV\D
eTT.
(< XD<e' XD nq se se TT. >TDy#e TT. >TDeTT
n#q eT>T# < <eqj s eTT <s< T . s ese TT
|sT > T# T q~ nqT nse TT bd>< T . n+<Te\q s d~
y#seT>T seseTTqT M& ses |eT>T nX~ #q
|<s e TT\qT \se TT> >V +|eqT. n|&T ms >TseTT
|sT yT # T q~ nqT nse TT e#TqT.
V<V\DeTT :y#se TT y s $sT<+XeTTqT $& ~s+XeTTqT
eeTT >V +#T V<V\D eTT. <' k2jT+~' |PseTT
>e+seTTq #q uVDT& |&T eTs\ +=#
#dq, n& sT uVDT&T n #| <TsT. d'R (n&T ).
|<e TT <X eq |se dT (~) sX e TT. nq>
<Xe TTq, \eTTq |se TT> qTq uVDT s +#TqT.
njT+R&T.
eTd nq|&T Y |<sy T q |se + |<sy T q
Jy |]q+ |s+ nH $sT< <s\T eTqdT
#T # q eTH keq<s eyT |T <s @eTH
JeV u$+#&y T V</V/\D
|j q+.
CqeTT
: s +&T $<e TT\T 1) e |jT T CqeTT nq> d$wjT eTT. 2)
ds| CqeTT R ~ ]wjT CqeTT. |se ds|yT q ~.
Jy
222
CqeTT
|PsM Te+k <s qyT
: += $<e TT> eT&T $<e TT\T> |d< e TT.

1) Xd |r : u\e TT eT<T seTT> qT+&Tq Xde TT\ <s
\TdT=qT
2) >TsT|r : <seTT> u\e TTqT #|+ $e]+#T e\q
\T>T CqeTT
3) |r : u\e TTqT djTeTT> eT<T sqTu
b+<T. ~ $CqeTT.
Cq Xuse TT ` ds|eTT :
~ e CqeT, ds| CqeT s+&T
$<e TT\T.
1) e CqeTT : eTH ybseTT\ <s ee T>T CqeTT. B
d$wjT CeT L& n+<TsT.
2) ds| CqeTT : # s~ +~jTeTT\ <s *jT&TqT.
eTqdT uV+~jTeTT\ d++~+# n+sZ e TT\>T dTK<T'K
uj
T s>< weTT\ nqT+<e TT b+~ HqT dT, HqT <T'
n n+s Cq $Xwe TT\qT |+| #jT T#TqqqT n~ ds|
CqeTT ]wjT CqeTT, ]\ CqeTT |e CqeTT
n+<TsT.
Je&T
: yX qsT&T R C><X j
T +<* Je&T
dT&T R d| <X Je&T
bE&T R dTw| <X Je&T
C
: \TdTHy&T. Knower
Cq
: \TH k<q + Instrument of Knowledge
Cj
T
: \TdT&~. Known, object of knowledge
C|
: Cq+ e\ *> |\ +. M{H |e, |yT jT, |eD, |$T
n L& n+{sT. CqeT+f & Cq+ (common
sense) <T, XdCq+ (Scientic sense) <T. Cq+
(Aesthetic sense) <T. <s
CqeTT (Religious sense) <T.
e $Xw CH. j HeTsb\ #+~q CH\ ns+ .
M{ y|+ ($T+) q ds|+> u$+# CqyTT{
q~. $ $Xw CqyT n~ keqCq+. $ nHCqyT

(objective)
223
n~ Cq+ Subjective. ~ +<

<]rksTT. n y #s k<q CqyT yTq Cq+.
B _ q y T q C H \ C q + < T . nC q eT n+{sTT
|wT\T.
CqeTT : |se TT, n|se TT n s +&T $<e TT\T.
|sC qeTT ' >TsTe <>sZ LsT y<++ $q&+ e\q $#sD
e\q *> CqeTT |s+ .
n|sC qeTT ' >TsT u<q \ e\q XeD eTqH<T\T #jT T#T
>+< |sq + e\q, Je&T VeTT & n ss TT+|# d CqeTT
n|seTT.
|eTT\T : u<\ T, |jT eTT\T.
< |eTT\T ' # jTq <V eTT d\ d <V eTTq
d++~+q |eTT < |eTT.
d\ <V |eTT\T : s~eTT\>T y<T \T.
d <V |eTT\T : eT<<T\T.
~u |eTT : u eTT\ e\q \T>T u<\ T. <=+>\T,
+Te\T yTT<\>T y{ e\q \T>T u<\ T. u eTT\q>
+~jTeTT\ |+#&$ (< <=+>\T, |\T\T yTT<q $.)
~ <$ |eTT\T : n, yjTTe, dsT&T, #+<T&T yTT<\T>
>\ <e\ e\q \T>T |eTT\T (<y&, #*, eseTT)
Ts/TjT : #T s, #T jT nH e\ yTT<{ ns + #s+ |+
s +&T e\ @s&jT +{sT ucy\ T. H\T>e< ns+ .
C>,Y d|, dTw|\ T eT& <{ bsTTq sT y *> ~
qT H\T>e~. @<<T de~ <X. Fourth dimension.
<+ <w nV+<w #d nekjT+ L&
yde + TjTyT. e ed TjTyT nd\Tq<X. n<
nCq eX eTq nekjT+> uddT q <+{sT n< T\T.
CH<jT yT nekjT yT eTs TjT+> eTq nqTuy *
s>\<T.
224
|PsM Te+k <s qyT
B l$< |s+> $Xwd l#+ m$T<e esD

ds d~ |< #+. D+ B |r. n>D+ C><X , |eT
D+ d|<X, s D+ dTw|< X . ~ <{ _+<Te. n<
TjT<X. |sy T X kjTT+. V +, nV+ Vd d .
+ $<+> #Tss |s+> yTT< XS<, yX, jT,
<X\qT+& uVD <X uV<X#s&+ nqTe#T
y< jTyT q <X.
sD
: sD
eT+f +~jT+. | #jT & k<q +. Instrument of
eT
action. ~ eT&T $<\T. { eTqdT. B n+'sD
|sT (The inner orgen). s +&T y (Speech). eT&T
jT+ Xs+ (body). eT&+{e\H || kbTq~.
s qT sD X~> #d d * $TdT+ ~. +f <Tw* dT+ ~.
eT&+{ @yT q H eTqdT <d n<H #]d
<wH Xs ybs+ kdbe&yT n<k<&T
#jT e\dq k<q . n< y> e m|{ H #sT dT+ ~.
d
: dT |<qyTq Je&T. d+f |+# dT]+# due+.
n< eTqdT. eTqdTH e |y ++~ Je# q +. C><
ed B $X&, dbed dT&, dTw| bE&
|sT. dbed qTq Je& ndq Je&T. |+#~j\&
|#jTe. dTw| eTqd \jTeTeT+~. b +~jT
ybsbsTTH eTHybs+ qy& d|+ q
dT&T.
<>|eTT : <XeTT, <X ||+ #eTT jTT d`d] nqTue eTT\T. HeTT
e\q \T>TqT. n+<Te\q <X >T jTT < (<w `
##Tq~, < deTde TT #&&TH jT~ <) HeTT.
eTqdT Xj T~ <XeT>TqT. j $wj seTT\T>
|]D$T+q T~ eT\ T >& kj
T >T <XeTT\>TqT.
q ds|Xq deTsT&T, dskjT>T jT < s|&T.
<V eTT\T : ew <V eTT\ eT\eTT n$<, deTw <V <T\ eT\eTT ejT.
ew <V eTT\T : ds d ds JesX\ jTT <V+~ j<T\
L&T=jTTq |sy T XsT ($sTsTw) <V+~j<T\T.
225
<Vs` ds y|+
e+~. V<jT + e\+ <= b~. Medium. b~
n~ eyT Manifetst |dT + ~. B { < eTV
eTq+ >V +#e#T. ~ <V sX eTsTT n~ eTVX+ +{~.
<V s eTs|sT <u+ . Small, Limited, Congested n
ns+ .
<V
: XseT ns+ . < *+| @<sTT |PdqT | qT |dT + <
n~ <V +. eTq # H #T | yd < q u
>TD\ |*$T |#TTq~. qT <V eTH |sT B ks + >
|{sT . < eTq # H b~, *$T{. d\ eT d eT
sDeT ~ eT&T sb\T. eT&+{ qT> u$+#b
y&T d<V eTT&T. n~ L& bs+ B] s*b $<V
eTT&T.
<s
: <sjT <s. <s '. @~ Je&T <] k& n+f H~
nqT= #]k& #]d @~ y& n<ws|+> <]+
+T+< n~ <s+. <Vbq+s+ edb+& +s
H+s\ rdT[ |qTue+ dT+~ ~. nqTL\yT
<s+. |L\yT n<s+. $~#~yTq s <s+. +>
#d s. Xk+> #d <s+. Duty enjoined by the scripture. <s
eT+f j |<s\+& >TD\ L& Properties
nsy T . ds <s H |] n+f Xky T q <s <T. ||+ #
<s q HeTsb\qT L& n ns+ . >TD\T L& <s .
ds <s H n+f >TDj L& < d| sTD
Z yTq
eTyT+ n+f @ y T q H XsD + e XsTT+#eT
k< & ^ # d\V.
q+<
: q+< n L& nqe#T. dTKeT ns+ . n~ + e#T,
n+ e#T. $wjT qyT +. Physical $wjT
qyT n+ . Spiritual. ny T XX+. < uVyTq
|r + . $Cq eq+<+ V. nHs+f n& ny T q
226
~<d
jTeT
|</ b<
b<
|PsM Te+k <s qyT
dTKeT ns+ . q+<eT& >TD+><T. ds|yT . n~ Xs+

ey T q+<+ <T. q+<eTjT+.
: m|{ * +&~. Eternal. esT ~. Immutable.
: s+s< dH + # <w. <T+ #. | |{ #&\H
]. n< <s Hud+ XeD eTqH\ s eT&e~.
XeD+ nCH b>=& eTqq+ d+XjT e #d ~
$|sjTeTH <c =\dT+~. $CrjT eTM <&
#jT+& dCrjTyTq s eH \uf nuk
~<d n |sT. yTT<{ s +& |s k<H ~ n|s
k<q + ks.
: $wj T|&
+. Xd+ $~+q $<T \ H=
$~. jTeT $~. jTeT' b d. s+ |+
H eTs= |+ | e]+#+. |C+ uVD'.
qT >T]+#{ H >T]+q uy n> \T|eT
#| $T~. j> Xd+ nc+> es+Z s +&e eT
L& jTeTeT |sT. jTeT jTedq.
: b<+. \T leg n ns+ . |< b<'. b+< k<q +.
n|&~ |s D
eTeT+~. b+<& kq+ L& n #_
>eT eTeT+~. The means and also the end. { >eT+.
eTs={ >eT+. H\T>e u>eT L& Quarter nsy T . qT
#T cY n e]++~ e+&+. H\T>T b<\THjT
C>Y {. d|+ s +&e~. dTw| eT&e~. b
TjTyTq de~ H\T>e~. yTT<{ eT& >eT+. n+f #s
k<H \T. H\T>e~ >eT+. #s & kq+. b<d dsu .
H\T+{ u>MT ey T q ||+ #+ . $T> eT&
ne+ . neT+. Unchanged. |<e T+f kq+. Adob n
L& nsy T . |se T+ |<+ . The highest abode.
: |<e TH << neT+. H\T>e u>+.
ned. State. sD s+ nsTT >e #s k<q +. ss+
nsTT #s kq+ < k< +. Destination. #| q H\T>T
b<\ yTT<{ eT&T k<H H\T>e~ y{# n+<T
e\dq k< +. n< Tjed.
227
: nqqyTq ~. q~ ~. Another. V+ ~ |s +.
s +&T $wj \ s +&e~. yTT<{~ |Ps+. s +&e~ |s+ .
Second between the Two. ssD\ sD+ |PsyT

s+ |s+ . Subsequent. n+<T, n{H nryT q <
L& nsy T . |s'|s' |se n ns+ . The supreme
|<+ > |j d n< eT L&
being. ded+ s
ns+ edT+ ~. |Y s n+f n< < jT+> \y& ue+.
|se : |se TyTq . n+f sTD
Z yTq Xs +. Je&T Xs+
yTs qy&T >qT Jy. The individual soul. Xs
+<+ y&T >qT XsT&T |se . The Universal soul.
|se TeT+f & b<T \qT <{bsTTq eT ue+.
|se : n+&|+ &<T\{ kj
T q # q +. n b<T \q y|+
n{ q \T=q keq #q+. sDyTq +.
V+.
|C/|Cq : |C * eT. \ d++~+q Cq+. $Xw Cq+
keqyTq Cq+. deTw Cq+. |PsC q+. +{ |]|Ps
CqyT Vds|+. |Cq+ V. yT e Bs $CjT |C+
uVD'. V eTT+<T $Cq s|+> >V +
sT y |Cqs|+> < ds | & \ |wT #| q e.
|Cq|Tq : Vds|+. eTT+<T #| qT |Cj
T yT eeT e\
|CqyT n ns+ . |T qeTH e k+<yT q |<s #TT+~.
n+<T |<s \D
yT | < $CrjTyTq \D
+
+&s<T. +f n~ |T q+ <T. |dT + V + |CqyT
| |Cj
T + <T >qT n~ |Cq |T qeTHsT. Pure Un
|s
adulterated Consciousness.
|De
: |sD qjT. djT . me> #]+#&~.

dT +#&~ n ns s+ . |DeeT+f z+syT . eT
eT&s \ d+|{ sD
yT z+ nH eT++. ~ d\ y<
kseT y<+T\ e#q+. |s|s V\qT |Te{
~ k< \ \+q+ n L& ysT |s=+{sT.
228
|PsM Te+k <s qyT
|/|> : |s es|< + . |s n+f jT y ~. |

n+f yqT eT~. Introvert n+sT KeT ns+ . m|&
| . n~ n+{ >eT+# # q + { y{ yq
+& rs*. n+<T n~ | > nsTT+~. The inner most
self. n+s n L& |s=+{sT.
|Vs : nc+> j>+ n+>+. +~jT eT\ qT yq eT[+#
|jT . Withdrawal. |s n n< T\ |]uw.
|eT/|e/|eD/|yT jT/|$T :|eT n+f Cq+. CqeT &
ns+ . n~ \y&T |e. < k<q + |eD+. <<s
n+<T=H |<s+ |yT jT+. <e\ *> |\ + |$T. M{H
ss \T> eeV]ksT y<++. Cq+ C Cq k<q +
CjT+ C| n L& M{H |s=qe#T. ~ +q
Xd+q | d]> +&e\dq jTeT+. @<H
$wj ns+ #dT y\+f #dT Hy&=&T #dT &~ {
#dT H+<T && k<q yTT{. #dT =+f *> |j q
yTT{ +& rse\d+< ><. ~ + m> y<++
L& n> eX+. n& |e Je&T. eP Hq. |eD+
eTq +~j\T eTqdT. |yT jT+ |se +. < >V d
*> nqTue + |$T. M{ |sd s d++< # > ueq#d
k<q m&|&+& #jT>* |+& k<&T d~
b+<>\ & XdE
\ T u~ksT . +<T d yTeT+f
n< + H\T+{ u< + <T . H\T> *d
yT. n< $*+ #d H\T>T sb\ uddT q ~.
$eT]+ #d H\T> |e nsTTq Je& ds|+>H
k]dT+ ~. B n< d<++.
|e
: eTT+<T be+. b|+yT q es+Z . s es+Z . <s |sTcs+ .
B e] yTq ~ e. ye s+Z . { s#sq <s
d+ks <]#| eTs={ CHud+ <s kjTTC
es+Z #|T+~. y< yvjT+ s +&T XK. yTT<{~ |e
<s+ u~dT+~. B <seT L& eTs=|sT. s+&e~
e <s + u~dT + ~. B ye Tq |sT. yTT<{~ esyZ T
s +&e~ n|eseZ T |s=+{sT.
229
: b+<+. #s
+. u] +#+. XsD
T y&
+. Surrender. jT
jT< eyT ||< +. mesT m> qqTq XsD
Ty&T s n
ns+ . n> CqyH e+ ||< . C qqT b+<T&T. H
ds|+H @eTe& & ns+ .
|$|q : u> ]+ yjT eT ns+ . <y <T. |T q|<s.
|dT+ ||+#eT+ #qsdyT. |Tue+
HeTsb+> |dT q ~. qT B eTs # H +>
<]+#yT ]+#+. edTe H ]+#+ nk< +. ud
nsTTH eTs yqT rdTe+ dT\ue TeT+~. ~ edTe
<T >qTH ]d ] b>\<T. ]+# eT+f nu+>
<T. j s|+> <T. ues|+>. ud m|& u+>
s>< T . sE ds + ds + u+> s<T <. n~ e\+
eTq ueH. n> ||+ #+ L& u+> dw <T .
ueq e\H @s&+~. n+# eTs #qs|+> <]d
| +& ]bT+~. n+f # q s|+> uddT + < ue+.
< n< T\T #| |$|q es+Z . < k<q es+Z .
|kqjT : |j D+ |w nHq |kq+. <MT< q&by
n+{ eseZ T ns+ . | w+ kq+ n L& #| e#T.
n+f jTTe|T. Stronghold. +{ jTTe |T y<++
eT& eT&THsTT. |wT \ T. Vd\T. u> e BZ. M{
|kq jT eT |sT. +<T yTT<{~ X. s +&e~ HjT+.
eT&e~ d +~ eksTT. n+<T. yTT<{~ <e\
XeD+ s +&e< eT\+> eTqq+ eT&e< <s ~ <d
kd b | +& VCq+ * rsTT+<HsT. qT
|kqjT+ y<+ k<q esZ+ m+H |]+#
|eD+. eT& eT&T esZ\ ue T |&s <T. sq+ eT&
*d VqTuy eTq n+~dTHsTT. qT
|kqeT+f eT&T esZ\ > esZ+ eT&T
eT\ #| e+ m+H deT+d+.
|C/b : |wyTq Cq+ |. |Ps Cq+. ~ \y&T bE&T.
dTw| Je&~ bE& |sT. n|&& T eT&T &T <.
|e
230
|PsM Te+k <s qyT
bE& nj&T. u e < u$ e #| yHsT

Xd sT\T. yTT< XsT& y&T. eTT& eTs\ XsT&.
qT bE&T . n~ L& <T. dTw| |Cj
T yTq ||+ #+
<T . n> @B b <T . |CqeTT+~. Cj
T + <T {
n~ |]X<+ . |Cq |T q+. qT n|&Tq Je&T <w
#d bE&.
V
: #TsTK V. VsD>sT&T. d>TDyTq V+. B
XsT& L& He+s+ .
V
: VT |<~ . +VD+ n{ eTT&T=H~. sD+ q
\T|=H~ @< n~. |se sTD
Z yTq X< # q +. The
Ultimate Reality. ejX +<T zbyT wjTyT
+T+~. n< djT yT jT{ e sTDZ yTq V+ d>T D+>
esTT+~. n|&~ V <T uV.
V : V<e& +. d +. e\ |se n ns+ #| +f
n+{ m& ky nq> <]ky n~ V+.
+> + ~. V # q |XeT ns+ .
Vue+ : Jy V+> e]be+. e\ e nsTT <V e
|]qyTq # q eT ue T|&e #T. e\ VyT |sy T H
e#T. VeT+f s+&T <c\ =\bsTT n|]q
n|sy T q n< qTue + d~d T + ~. < d+#{ s +&
*| V n #TTq~ Xd+ . VyT . V+
n ns+ . VyT nq|&T |s+ n|s eTeT+~.
V eTq|&T |]q+ n|]q eTeT+~. +{<
n< T\ VqTue +.
Vs e : eTqdT *> e $Xw+ . eT\ \jTyT eTqdT.
n+<T d$\ eT\ T <sTTksTT. ]\ er <sTTdT+ ~.
d$\ eTH eTsTT ]\+ @ +. VyTyT >qT <
d++~+ @s& e L& <s+>H @yT
<sTTdT+ ~. e\+ d<s+> ||+ # <]db n<
]\yTq keq s|yTq Vs e. < V
kjTTC >=|k<q .
231
VueH : eTT+<T#| qT VyT Hq ueq #d b VyT >\&T

Je&T. d< <e u$' n ^ #TTq~. ue Ts
HjT+> s+s ueq #d Je&T VkjTT+ b+<+
Xs+ <T . n< + nqTcq+ <T . #H nqTcq+.
qT ueq e\H +<+ nsTT ueq e\H T< y+ L&
|*dT+~.
u e
: n{H wy T q |<s+ . # |<< ns+ . Summum
+. |]|Psy T q
Bonum. Supreme Reality. n~rjTyTq
# q eT ns+ .
V$</VCq
:
V # + ~q $< . C q +.
Philosophy. Cq+. Spiritual Science. Cq+ Self
Knowledge L& <. nH VeTH f n< +.
sTb~y T q VyT. n|sy T q V e.
uV d : VCq+ w >* +&+. Stability in the spiritual
knowledge.
uV e : de~ deTjT+ |Pse (|s V +q) q|&T |Ps +

d~d T + ~. |Ps e (|s V+q) jT uV e.
ej
: MTjT nqj ej. <# =\e&TT+< n~ ejT.
|se X. Cosmic power. <X \ edTe \+{ =*
$ +q #|T+~. qT n~ ejT nsTT $ yTjT
eTeTHsTT. Measured. ~ n =\e~ f. n~
|se +. qT nyTjTT&j &T jTq.
ejT
: n$< ` eTjT jTT n+XeTT.
ejT : n~ d<|eTT>, nd<|eTT n>, +f ys q ~
, ysT~, kejTeeTT, sejTeeTT n>
s|+| q\$~.
eTH\jTeTT ` X ~ :
ns D
eTsTTqqT +q #jT Ty
&#$ jT+<T z+sH<eTT (nHVH<eTT) $|+#TqT. ~
X ~ <s qeTT $wjT ydq\T bsTTq=\~ e TT X\yT
H<eTT yDTH<eTTe nqTu eT>TqT. s\eTT H<qT
232
|PsM Te+k <s qyT
d+<qeTT #d H<+s]jT>T CjT+<T \jTeTT #+~

|se q+<eTT b+<T# eTH\jTeTT.
eTHeT\T : e T\ T : eTd+ $ X< nX< l' V' ;' B'
Y ds +eTq @e.
1) eTeTT`], 2) d+\eTT, 3) d+XjTeTT, 4) X< `
$XdeTT, d , 5) nX< ` Hd ueeTT, 6) < ` <s eTT,
7) n< ` |]<q eTT, 8) V' ` \, 9) ;ùj
T eTT, 10)
B`CqeTT. es | CqeTT.
$ eTq'|]DeTeTT\T
eTqqeTT : Xd ys $#sD wqyTq eTTqT VT<cHqT
d+<q |sd seTT> d+~>e TT> *d=qT |q' |q' #jT T
|jTeTT.
$T<
: Myth nd +. e{~ . ndY n+f nd < <T. <b{~
nd yTH < n~cq+ b*d eTs d yT. jT<'. |T
s|D. ndH. eT<|D T dH e. The pot is unreal as
the form. But it is real as the clay. B $T< n |sT.
{ n< T\ ejy<+ u<T\ XSqy<+ <T. u<T\ ~
nd<<+. n< T\~ d<<+. n+f |se <ud,
nsTTq ||+ #+ L& dq +{sT. |se s|+> ~ d yT.
< s+ > #dH nd + < $T< . n|{ #| $T< >
n& |<s+ <T. n~ edT ' d yT. jT< sE' ds s|D
<XeH| edT ' sEy > nsEe <T ><. +{< $T<
nH e s+ .
$T< : eT&T $<\T. ndq eTTU n, d< n,
V n |sT. < yTq . e ed $T>
\T s +& e. nsTTH eqe&T nCq+ e<\ eTTUqT
#& nHqT L& n u$dTH &T. { eT] s +&T
#| e\d e+~. n+<T $T< n+f XsyT HqT n u$+#
Je# q +. >D n+f Je& <w >#]+# uV ||+ #+.
eTTeTTe : >eTq deTjTeTTq, HqT jTqT eTV deTT<eTT| <*j&T
s+ > eTjTT, dqeTTq LsTq|&T CqeTqT deTTq
233
>Tq eTD njTT, jT{ $wjTeTT\ <]+#Tq|&T

ds y|eqeTT# n|s kseTT *q<jTT
XjT q deTjTeTTq ds +~js| s# n+s w * q+<
deTT<eTTq *j&T#T+{ qjTT ` T dsed\ jT+<TqT
n+]w& ueq #jT T#T >&T |y&T eTTeTT e.
jTq/jT/jTeq : n]+#+. u +#+. |P+#+. Worship. jTq+
#d jT jT+. Sacrifice. nqTcq+. jTq+ #dy&T
]w& q >VdT& T . y& jTeqT&T. s. n&T #d jT+
H\T>T $<\T. $~, |, b+X, eqd. yTT<{~ sTT+.
s+&T eT&T y+. H\T>T eqd+. yTT<{ eT&T
Vs>yT H\T>e~ n+s>+. n< Cq jT+. Spiritual
sacrifice. jTeT+f XsT& L& ns+
. jTCs sDq
` |rs XssD T~ #j \ ue+. $> eeT\T>
>VdT& q y&T #d jTC\T nsTT<T HsTT. <e jT+, |
jT+, TTw jT+, eTqTw jT+, u jT+. <e\d+
jT j><T\T, | <e\d+ X< s D<T\T. TTw\d+
y<< jT H<T\T. eTqTw\d+ n~ d+s D<T\T. u eTT\
d+ <q D<T\T #\
+ yTT<\>Tq$. $ eT #d
by* | >VdT&T n <sXd Xdq+. +> eTH
yjT\ | D eT eTq+ k+# s | eT+ jTyT q
e +~. B \jT+ eTq XsyT . ~ eT #dT q
Je& +<T jTeqT&T. ~ deT+> kd d*+.
neT+>H <Tw* + #$#&e\d +T+~. V+ | H
|s+ | <T n+{ nqTue +.
$u
: ee T>T u C\eTT XseTVeT me> |
eT>Tq{~ .
$u s s X syT keq |]uw $u jTq ud eTT.
XsT sTDZ eTVeTqT |{ + #T# $u jTq&TqT. |
|sTw\ >TD<s eTT$jTT e\T& jTT+&T |se sTDZ T&T.
ud eTT XsT sTD
Z eTTqT, ys >eTTqT d+#T VeTT.
234
|PsM Te+k <s qyT
$eT\ u< |T qeTT: u< nq> CqeTT. s| sk~ $wsTTeTT, $eT\ R

e*qeTT ~. X<y T q ~. $eT\ u<| T qeTT R nq> $wj qT
+<s V e\| e ds|&T.
- |Ps|\ +
$<+dT\T : |y | d+Vs quknsy <||r # *+>+ s sj
T .
|y | d+Vs~ w& < s >V *+>eTT\ |]o*+
ds y<+eTT\qT ` dCrjT $CrjT d> u< X S q, k
e |b<q |s eTTqT >T]+ @<X X<< jT ]Xw
|| q e\ ddsbed s| e\eTT
d+u$ +# Hs< >T]+, c d+| $seqT \>TysT
$<+dT\T.
$sT
: d\ deTws|&>T V.
ys >eTT : s +&T $<e TT\T. dHdeTT L& s +&T $<e TT\T.
1) Hs<eTT : us| <H<T\ e\q \T>T s+s
<T'UqTueeTT# \T>T $s. n|&T #jTT >V >eTT
dHdeTT.
2) Cq >s e TT : d<T sZ T CH|<X e TT# \T>Tq~. Cq >s
ys > d+|<# <V <_ eqeTT be e\q H\=qT
<V _eq >s |eT>T dHdeTT.
yw e + |se T+|<+ .... e \+ ||< :
yw e |<+ : keHse TT : yw e + R $we d++~+q |<e TT
R kqeTT. nse TT u< e TT L&T=q~. $w ` nq>
y| u~+#TqT, ywe+ nq> ds<X \y|yTq
|sy wy T q |]|Pse dTe nse TT. |<+ `nq> |<
|<y T n e nq> nCqeTT =\b> qT b+<< q
q dV yTq dds|yT n nse TT.
e\+ ||< : e\eTT R |seT|sTcseTT (yeTT),
||< R b+<TqT n keHseTT. n+sseTT
ye TTqT b+<T nq> q +f _qyTq eT]jTT edTe qT
235
b+<T n<T. H nsTTq q dds|eTTH qT b+<T

n nse TT.
e
: s>
+. Turn. #TTeeT. Volve <s+ . uVD~
es\ $~+q <s \T y]y] eT\ T Duty conduct. n~
eTqdT *> #q\ eT Ideas function of the
mind. eT\ |sT M{. $ b|+yT d$\+
+< <]rksTT. bse]yT ]\+. y
&&sTT. s < Vs e n+{sT BH. e
n+f JeqeT L&. Livelihood eT]jTT ns+ . eeVseT
behaviour + ns+
.
$es
: |<s+ q dsb qw+ +& eTs=s |+> e]
q|&+. Manifestation appearance. eT q dsb
e<\+&H |T Xsy~ ss|+> L& uddT q ~. n< T\T
#| dw sV d$T<. y]~ s+uy <+ <T. |]DeTy<+
<T. $esy <+. ~ e+< #_ ]\ s+uy <+.
q~ esTT+< #_ k+KT\ |]DeT+. q< s+&
es +& eTs s|+> uddT q < #_ n< T\ $es+ .
eT<{<T\T <c+ V#q+ #s#s ><|+>
q|&
+ <s++.
Xe~ k<# T wj
T d+| :1. ys >eTT, 2. edT $ye TT, 3. wd+|<,
4. eTTeTT eTT.
1) ys>eTT : eqeeTT yTT<\T V eTT CH|<X
b|eTT e\q \T>TqT. $wjT CeTT\+<T VjTueeTT
\T>T.
2) edT $ye TT : ds|eTT eTT. <XeT>T
||+ #eTT n+jT T neTT ` nqTq{ XjT CqeTT. jT<s
edT ds| XjTeTT.
3) Xe~ wd+|< : (n) XeTeTT : n+]+~jT >VeTT
(n+'sD
eTT) s>< c<T\>T e T\ T , $wjT eTT\+<
Hd & X\T&, ]s e]+#T#T+&T. () <eTeTT :
V]+~jT >V eTT nq> # 'X~ V]+~jTeTT\qT
236
|PsM Te+k <s qyT
w< $wjT eTT\+<T |e \~ +&TqT >V + jTT+#T

() |s : uVeTT\T, nHs|eTT\T n>T |<se TT\ C*
b e *jTT+&T () : oc~ <+<eTT\qT
dV +, j <T\ jT+<T |jT +| q deTueeTTq
e]+#T#T+&T. d\ <T'dV qeTT. () X< : >TsTyeTT\
jT+<TqT, y<+ Xd yeTT\jT+<T <&y T q u $XdeTT\T
* n$ d eT qeTT (}) d e ~ (d e < q+) :
| >_q yTq , d<q+< \D
yTq , nK+&yT q |s V edTe
nqT \eTTq+<T eTTqT, @>eTT> $|sVeTT> *|
jTT+#T |jT +#T. B Cdj
T L& =+<s+ <TsT.
4) eTTeTT eTT : qq eTsD |yV \D
eTT ` nqss |eTTq>T
d+ks +<e TTqT+& eTT Hq&T \TZH, mT \T>TH
nqT eTT >]q reeTT, <& s e TTq>T # (]) *
jTT+&T.
XeDeTT : eTTqT u~+#T Xd ys $#seTT.
e/y
: eT+. yT\T. XjT dT. m|{ * q + L& eyT.
#T s+ e eT< eT e+&|wT . Tjedq T e]++~.
eeT+f |se nH ue+. e+ <+ ne+. e+
<|yT q |se nsTT yd<|yT q jTq ejX.
dT \ T s +& + >qT & < y<+T\ d<++.
X<
: Ce\ e\dq neTTKyTq >TD+. X< ee b
n |+ * e. * > X< k< d~ b+<esL
b&T bT+<. n+<T X<yH \u CqeTHsT. X<
n+f $Xd+. <e\ *> @>. $wj m>H
ds n+<Ty\H |T<\ Perseverence X< n |sT.
Utmost faith. Xe~ w+ <e~~. B nq+s+
se~
de~.
XeD/X : $q+. y<+Xd u< \+#+. Be\ nCqeTH y~
=\bT+~. |* +> Cq+ <sTTdT+ ~. X n+f
y<e T L& nsy T . ~ n{H |\yTq |eD+. y<+
XeD+ #dy] yTT<{ |kq+ X |kq+. s +&e~ d
237
|kq+. eT&e~ d |kq+. yTT<{< e\ nCq+ qd,

s+&e<e\ d+XjT e ] eT&e< eT\+>
$|s jTeTH <w+ q+ d<eTT \_dT + < n< T\ VMT.
d\ d~ <V eTT\T :
d\ <V eTT : s e+k~ <TeTjTyTq <V eTT. B
@s&T |eTT\T s~eTT\T, y<T \T.
d XseTT :
s +~jTeTT\T : 5. y, bD, b<, bjT|d\ T
CH+ ~jTeTT\T : 5. , # ', X, V, | DeTT\T
bD yjTTe\T (|+#H) : 5. bD, nbq, yq,
<q, deqeTT\T.
eTqdTT~ : 17 u>\ q~. d XseTT. nV+seTT
*| 19.
*+> XseTT : nsTT<T d eTVu eTT\T, nsTT<T bDeTT\T,
nsTT< T +~j T eTT\T, n+ ' s D eTT. | ~ j ]+{
deTT<jTeTT *+>X seTT.
|+#bDeTT\T, eTHT<T\ T, <X+ ~jTeTT\ >& n|+N
u eTT\qT+& @s&q~ d XseTT.
sD XseTT : d XseTT |\ +&Tq~ sD XseTT.
~ n$<b~e TT.
(eTVsD XseTT) : sDXs |e VTy (<r yT ,
ku yT ) T~ XjT yT y\jTTq~ TjTeT>T .
d\ Xs : eTq +~j\ | + > >#]+# s# s D ~ nejTy\
L&q Xs d\ XseT Gross Body |sT. ~ uV
||+ #+ Je&T eeV]+#{ @s&q n~cq+. Support.
s nH eT&e bb ~ XjT +.
d Xs : *+> XseT L& B He+s+ . Subtle Body. eTqdT
bD+. s+& #\HyTH uV+> eTq eTq
+~j\ | e TjT$ e. |sy T . qTH M{ d
XseT |sT e+~. q+>eTjT>T|y T q ~
238
|PsM Te+k <s qyT
| q #d #|sTT. { *+>X seT|sT e+~. eTeTH

s +&ebb ~ \jT+.
dY/d/d : dY nH d eTH q~ n ns+ . Extent. *q CH
n> \T|=+ be&+. d n+f ns+ . m|{
es +& * q<< n~ dY < d +. n~ ks+ <T
e\ Cq s|+. qTH d nH n<. n+f nd eTqe.
Mere existance. $wH
e\ d n HeT+ +~.
n+f $we ks+> m& H& <T. ssyTq ueyT
< nd yT $we nH e ns+ . n+f |se ds|+.
d<e keT < eT> dY n |wT. ||+#eT+
dw |Ps+ d<|+>H +<. n|{ , nH nH
& n+ d<|yT . nsTT n~ d' |eD+ qT <|+
L& n<. dT |se n+f.
ks
: djT+> sy &T ds{. y& \D
+ ks+. q b{
H me]MT< <s|& +& eTVq+<+> +&>\ e ds{
nsTT y& q+<eTjTyTq J$+ ks+. me& <T y&T.
. n< |se L&.
239
8() nqT+<e TT ` 2
EUCLID -
KNOWN AS FATHER OF GEOMETRY
300 B.C. 'ELEMENTS'

TABLE OF CONTENTS
Prematter
Introduction
Using the Geometry Applet
Euclid
A quick trip through the Elements
References to Euclid's Elements on the Web
Subject index
B00k I. The Fundamentals of Geometry :
Theories of triangles, parallels, and area.
Definitions (23)
Postulates (5)
Common notions (5)
Propositions (48)
Book II. Geometric algebra
Definitions (2)
Propositions (13)
240
|PsM Te+k <s qyT
Book VI. Similar figures and proportions in Geometry

Definitions (11)
Propositions (37)
Book VII. Fundamentals of number theory
Definitions (22)
Propositions (39)
Book VIII. Continued proportions in number theory
Propositions (27)
Book IX. Number theory
Propositions (36)
Book X. Classification of incommensurables
Definitions I (4)
Propositions 1-47
Definitions II(6)
Propositions 48-84
Definitions III (6)
Propositions 85-115
Book XI. Solid geometry
Definitions (28)
Propositions (39)
Book XII. Measurement of figures
Propositions (18)
Book III. Theory of circles.

Definitions (11)
Propositions (37)
Book XIII. Regular solids

Propositions (18)
Book IV. Constructions for inscribed and circumscribed figures.

Definitions (7)
Propositions (16)
Copyright 1996, 1997 (June, 1997)

D.E.Joyce
Clark University
These pages are located at :
http:aleph0.clarku.edu/~djoyce/java/elements/elements.html.
Book V. Theory of abstract Proportions

Definitions (18)
Propositions (25)

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< jT+eTT n eeV]ksT. eeV]+#&yT +& B

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|]CqeTT (By the knowledge of the Supreme Fundamental Cause) e\q

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< jT+eTT n eeV]d +{sT. ~ eTqeT+ Xs *+#<T .

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Jy> eeV]+|&T#Tq |sTw dsb @ $<y T q d+<V \

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m&eT T+{\ T *y eT<u>eTTqT dd eT+> &y| q T+{\ T

b<\T m<Ts <TsT>

< $<e TT> +se T< u>eTTqT+& bs+_+, m&eT` uT oseTT

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nq> eTq+ u $+# T q

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m&eTuT oseTT, m&eT y#\T (Left elbow) y*| dMT|eTTqTq

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eT&e u+ eT (Posture-III) :` |]o\ &| &T

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>DXdbeD :` |]o*dTq=\~ |$#eTT\T <

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jT(Plane) s UeTT\T ` 1._+<Te(Point), 2.ds s K (Straight Line),

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ds _+<TeqT +<+ (Centre-C)> rd +f <qT+& deq

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X+e ds|eTT jTT ds _ +<Te S qT H_ (Focus) n+{sT.

dsw { (o1) nsTT, X+y |se\jTeTT

> |se\jTeTT ds _ +<Te (S) eT]jTT jTs K\ deq<s+

><TZsT l Dq+<u sr e+#sk$T

| s e\j T d M T s D ( y =4ax ) >

> A |se\jTeTT MT< _+<Te.

SP2=PM2 i.e. (x-a)2+y2 = (x+a)2, {(x-(-a))2}+(y-y)2

$<+ > |se\jT dMTsD

|PsM Te+k <s qyT

jTT $b . H= X+e |u< e TT jTT ds|eTT ee TTq

1. _+<Te (Point) : _+<Te n$< |r. n$< $T<CH

><TZsT l Dq+<u sr e+#sk$T

_+<Teq |j> |jH\ <c >D $Cq Xk\, $dyTq

2. dssK (Straight Line) : dssK y<+Xd+ b]uw+>

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<]+H n~ es U+ (curvature)>H |dT + ~. n< |]o\,

><TZsT l Dq+<u sr e+#sk$T

yTT<q $wjT eTT\T dT]+#e. eq TTEsK> VQuT > n

3. DeTT (Angle) : |sd seTT _+<Te e< *d=qT s +&T ds s K\

4. deTuVQ uT eTT (Equilateral Triangle) : uT eTTqT >D X d+

|PsM Te+k <s qyT

uw >TD XyTq ysT> #|qeds+ <T. usrjT Xd+

><TZsT l Dq+<u sr e+#sk$T

+ sT> #b\+f VeTTqT <$T+ > s|+#& nqTyq

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ej n$<\ |u eeTT\ qT VeTT +<+>qT s|+#&HsTT.

X, d |u< e TT\# |< ||+ #+ s +&T $<\T. X dT\~

leTHsjTDT& ><T sZ T e>, ||+ # |d< y T q q ^d `

;||+ #eTT (Bija World)

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