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16 June 2010 1 Biodiversity
16 June 2010 1 Biodiversity
16 June 2010 1 Biodiversity
16 June 2010
Biodiversity.ppt
Biodiversity
Variety of living things, number of kinds Ecological diversity
different habitats, niches, species interactions
Species diversity
different kinds of organisms, relationships among species
Genetic diversity
different genes & combinations of genes within populations
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Biodiversity.ppt
Benefits of Biodiversity
Ecosystem functions Ecosystem services
Cleaning water, Cleaning air, Habitat & breeding areas for wildlife,
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Biodiversity.ppt
Natural Resources
Vital economic natural resources
Renewable
Forests (plants, wildlife) Soils Fresh water (lakes, rivers) Wildlife and fisheries Rangeland
Nonrenewable
Minerals Fossil Fuels
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Natural Resources
Management of natural resources
Assure availability of resources for the future Three philosophies
Maximum sustained yield Ecosystem-based management Adaptive management
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Biodiversity.ppt
Benefits of Biodiversity
New food sources
Grains, fruits, vegetables, meat, fish
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Biodiversity.ppt
Benefits of Biodiversity
Medicines
Plants Jellyfish & sea anemones Nudibranchs
Marine slugs
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Biodiversity.ppt
Biodiversity
How much biodiversity
1.72.0 million species Estimates to 100 million
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Biodiversity.ppt
Biodiversity
Where is the biodiversity
Everywhere
Every continent and habitat has unique life forms
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Biodiversity.ppt
Threats to Biodiversity
Extinction and population reductions
Hunting and overharvesting
Tiger Dodo Whales Sharks
Habitat loss
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Biodiversity.ppt
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Threats to Biodiversity
Extinction and population reductions
Pollution Climate change Invasive species
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Biodiversity.ppt
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Protecting Biodiversity
How can we protect biodiversity
Stop overharvesting
Sustainable yield Hunting & fishing laws (every state ?)
in developing nations ?
Protect habitat
Refuges, parks, preserves
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Biodiversity.ppt
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Protecting Biodiversity
Refuges, parks, preserves
How big should refuges be? Where should they be? McArthur & Wilson Theory of Island Biogeography
colonization rate extinction rate (local) predicts number of species
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Biodiversity.ppt
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Protecting Biodiversity
Effect of island size Effect of island distance
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Biodiversity.ppt
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Protecting Biodiversity
McArthur & Wilson Theory of Island Biogeography
colonization rate extinction rate (local) predicts number of species
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Biodiversity.ppt
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Protecting Biodiversity
Island Biogeography
Island size predicts number of species
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Biodiversity.ppt
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Protecting Biodiversity
Island Biogeography
Everyplace is an island Habitat fragmentation
Smaller fragments hold fewer species
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Biodiversity.ppt
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Protecting Biodiversity
Endangered Species Act (1973)
Goal to recover species so they no longer need protection under ESA Implements U.S. participation in CITES Convention on International Trade in Endangered Species Prohibits trade in listed species
whole organisms parts: skins, bones, teeth, flowers, leaves, etc.
Other laws:
Marine Mammal Protection Act Migratory Bird Treaty Act Anadromous Fish Conservation Act etc.
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16 June 2010
Protecting Biodiversity
Endangered Species Act (1973)
Listing of endangered and threatened species Restricts development of habitats Captive breeding programs Release of captive bred stocks to enhance or recover wild populations.
http://www.fws.gov/ endangered/
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Biodiversity.ppt
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Protecting Biodiversity
Biodiversity hotspots
Protection of habitat
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