Tn gi v phn bit cc loi bnh phng Ty (14/11/2012) Ngi Vit thng hay gi chung cc loi bnh vi nguyn liu

chnh l bt m v nng trong l nng vi nhng danh t chung nh bnh ngt, bnh u. Trong bi vit ny, s b a ra nhng cch phn bit c bn v tn gi cc loi bnh u M vn cng ngy cng hp dn vi nhiu ngi Vit mun c n th v lm th. V cng ch c th nhc n tn gi chung ca cc loi bnh quen thuc, cn tn gi ring th c rt rt nhiu nn khng th a ra ht. Ngi Vit thng hay gi chung cc loi bnh vi nguyn liu chnh l bt m v nng trong l nng vi nhng danh t chung nh bnh ngt, bnh u. Cc loi bnh ngt ngy nay c ngun gc t phng Ty, c th l c vng chu u sau sang M, ch ko phi nh nhiu ngi lm tng Php l ci ni bt ngun cc sn phm bnh m bnh ngt. Nu "truy tm" ngun gc mt cch chi li th phi k n cng lao ca nhng ngi Ai Cp v Hy Lp c pht minh ra l nng, v hng th k sau, l cng lao ca t tin ngi Rome. Trong bi vit ny, s b a ra nhng cch phn bit c bn v tn gi cc loi bnh u M vn cng ngy cng hp dn vi nhiu ngi Vit mun c n th v lm th. V cng ch c th nhc n tn gi chung ca cc loi bnh quen thuc, cn tn gi ring th c rt rt nhiu nn khng th a ra ht. Tt c cc sn phm lin quan n vic s dng bt, trng, cht bo v nng ln c gi chung l PASTRY. V th, ngi u bp chuyn ph trch vic lm ra nhng sn phm ny c gi l Pastry Chef. T "cake" m ngi Vit hay gi l "bnh ngt" ch l 1 mng rt hp trong Pastry m thi. 1. Bread Bnh m Phn bit 2 loi: - Bnh m thng: (lean yeast bread) thnh phn ch c bt v nc, c th c dng men hoc khng dng men, v th c loi bnh m cn qua qu trnh n ln men v c loi khng qua qu trnh ny. - Bnh m "ngt": (rich yeast bread) t "ngt" c dch kh phin din, y l nhng loi bnh m ngoi bt, nc, men, c s dng thm cc thnh phn khc nh ng, cht bo, sa, bt sa, v th bnh m c thm nhiu mi v thm ngon v kt cu khc vi bnh m thng. Cc kiu bnh m c tn gi ring nh: Baguette, Bnh m gi (Sandwich), Rolls (Bnh m trn), kiu bnh Humberger (Ly lng trng v to mu v rc vng trn v bnh)

Cc loi bnh nhiu lp (Puff pastry) v Croissant (bnh sng b) cng c cch thc v nguyn liu ging nh bnh m ngt.

Puff pastry

Croissant

2. Quick bread Bnh m nhanh y l tn gi chung cho cc loi bnh-dng-bnh-m nhng khng qua cng on v ln men t nhin (khong vi ting) m dng cc cht ha hc gy tc dng n nhanh, v th lm rt nhanh. Quick bread cng thng c kt cu mm hn v "rich" hn, khng c c dai nh vi bnh m n bng men t nhin. Quick breads bao gm cc loi bnh vi tn gi nh: muffins, scones, loaf bread, coffee cakes. - Muffins: c dng ging chic bnh nh hnh cc, c th c trong cc giy hoc khng cn. Muffins ngt hoc mn u c. - Scone: dng hnh nn, hnh tam gic bt. - Loaf: hnh khi ch nht - Coffee cake: lm vi khun trn, vung, ch nht...

Muffin

Scone

3. Bnh khng dng l nng: y l nhng loi bnh dng phng php rn bng cht bo. Cc loi ph bin: - Doughnuts (donut): bnh ngt c hnh bnh xe trn, lm chn bng cch rn ngp du. - Pancake: bnh rn cho lm chn bng cch qut lp du/b mng ln mt cho, bnh dt, mng. - Crepe: gn ging nh pancake nhng c trng mng hn rt nhiu. - Waffles: bnh c dng mng, dt v thng lm vo khun ring.

Mt loi Waffle

Khun lm Waffle

- Fritters: bnh c v ngt v mn ty nguyn liu s dng, khng c hnh dng c nh, lm chn bng rn ngp du. 4. Pie v tart: Hai loi bnh ny d b nhm ln vi nhau.

- Pie: bnh v kn c cha nhn bn trong, tt c gi chung l v pie. Bt cho v pie c chia lm 2 phn, 1 phn cn mng lm , xp nhn bn trong, ri phn cn li cn mng ph ln trn, gn kn cc mp v xin thng vi ch trn v b mt hi thot ra trong qu trnh nng. - Tart: bnh ko c v, nng h phn nhn. Tart l 1 dng c bit ca pie m ko cn 1 lp v bc kn nhn. C c tart v pie ngt hoc mn. 5. Cake (bnh bng lan?) Tn gi chung cho cc loi bnh ngt c hm lng cht bo v ngt cao nht trong cc sn phm bnh nng l. Lm bnh dng cake i hi nhiu s chnh xc v cn ong nguyn liu. Cu trc bnh thng l mm, xp, nhiu hng v v bnh cake c nng v trnh by di nhiu hnh dng khc nhau. - Cupcake: l mt trong nhiu cch trnh by ca cake, bnh dng nh, ng trong nhng chic cup giy xinh xn. - Chiffon, angel food, devil food: l dng bnh bng xp mm c to thnh nh vic nh bng lng trng v lng ring bit. Bnh c nng trong khun dng ng (tube). + Chiffon: dng du n lm thnh phn cht bo trong bnh. C lng trng v u c s dng nhng tch ring trong qu trnh lm. + Angel food: ch dng lng trng nh bng, khng c cht bo. Bnh nh v trng nh bng. + Devil food: bnh c mu en chocolate, dng b lm cht bo. L mt dng bnh dng b (butter cake)

Chiffon

Angel food

Devil food

- Pound cake: Bnh c hm lng cht bo v ng u cao, tn gi ch cc nguyn liu chnh u c khi lng 1 pound Anh, khong 454g. Bnh ny thng c kt cu nng v c hn bnh dng bng xp. Bnh lm trong khun loaf hoc khun bundt. - Cheesecake: thnh phn ch yu ca bnh l cream cheese. Bt c s dng rt t hoc khng s dng. 6. Cookies: Ngi vit mnh hay gi cc loi Cookies l bnh quy (Biscuit - bch quy, ting Php). T hay Cookie c ngha l "bnh nh small cake". C loi cookie c lm t hn hp bt kh ging nh vi cake, nhng trong phn ln trng hp, cookie c hm lng nc thp. Cookie rt a dng, c loi mm, m, kh, gin, dai, xp, cng.