LEADERSHIP

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Leadership

It is the process in which one individual exerts influence over others.

WHAT IS LEADERSHIP:

Leadership is the initiation of action to solve a problem. Leadership is directing or controlling the activity of a group. Leadership is influencing the activities of group as it moves toward its goals. Leadership is power, But power is not necessarily leadership. Rather leadership is power that grows out of personal characteristics such as charisma, expertise, and interpersonal skills.
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Qualities
Honesty Forward looking Inspiring Competent Credibility
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Importance
Motivating employees Better utilization of human resources Creating confidence Promoting the spirit of coordination Builds morale Directing group activity Develop good human relations Fulfills social responsibilities
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Characteristics
Leadership helps others to attain specific goals. Process of guiding, directing and influencing the people to do their best. Leadership is a personal quality of behavior & character in a man. It is a reciprocal relationship between the leader & the followers.

It involves the sharing of interest between leaders and his followers.

Functions
Integration Communication

Production
Representatives of subordinates Fraternity Team spirit Performance evaluation Initiation Shapes the character of the organization Managers internal conflict
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Styles of Leadership
Autocratic Democratic Free Rein Paternalistic Visionary Coaching

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Autocratic Leadership

Always order to subordinators

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Democratic Leadership

Effectiveness Subordinators satisfaction

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Free Rein Leadership

Freedom of decision making Involvement More views

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Paternalistic leadership
Leader assumes that his function is paternal or fatherly Leader provides good working conditions & fringe benefits to his sub-ordinates
Employees under such leadership will work harder out of gratitude. It generate resentment in subordinates

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Visionary style
To build a rich picture of what is needed
1. Talk about future & not about the past 2. Share their ideas for the future 3. Think long term & beyond the current problem set 4. Communicate at all levels to get buy in

5. Tell stories & model for how they would like others to behave

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Coaching style
Raises performance & develops people for the future 1. Listen to the needs of their people

2.
3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8.
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Work at the pace of the individuals being coached rather than impose their own pace
Demonstrate active listening & empathy Ask tough questions to make the individual think for themselves Challenge people to do things differently Help people to set clear development goals Give frequent feedback Give regular praise & recognition
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Theories of leadership
Trait theory tries to describe the characteristics associated with effective leadership. Behavioral and style theories to research leadership as a set of behaviors, evaluating the behavior of 'successful' leaders, determining a behavior taxonomy and identifying broad leadership styles. Situational and contingency theories "what an individual actually does when acting as a leader is in large part dependent upon characteristics of the situation in which he functions., The theory defined two types of leader: those who tend to accomplish the task by developing good-relationships with the group (relationship-oriented), and those who have as their prime concern carrying out the task itself (task-oriented). Functional leadership theory is a particularly useful theory for addressing specific leader behaviors expected to contribute to organizational or unit effectiveness.
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Cont..
Customer Centric Leadership
The executive leadership model includes customer-centricity guidance: within their 'focus to win' core value are 3 components -- customer insight, breakthrough thinking, and drive to achieve.
TRIUMVIRATE LEADESHIP

A triumvirate is a political regime dominated by three powerful individuals, each a triumvir The arrangement can be formal or informal, and though the three are usually equal on paper, in reality this is rarely the case. The term can also be used to describe a state with three different military leaders who all claim to be the sole leader.
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TYPES OF LEADERSHIP

Charismatic Leadership
Transformational Leadership

Autocratic leadership
Democratic leadership/participative leadership

Servant leadership
Task-oriented leadership

Bureaucratic leadership. People-oriented leadership/relations-oriented

leadership

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CHARISMATIC LEADERSHIP:
In that the leader injects huge doses of enthusiasm into his or her team, and is very energetic in driving others forward. charismatic leader can tend to believe more in him or herself than in their team. charismatic leadership carries great responsibility, and needs long-term commitment from the leader.

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TRANSFORMATIONAL LEADERSHIP:
Transformational leadership, in contrast, goes beyond exchange inducements for desired performance. Transformational leaders transform the organization by developing vision, building commitment, and empowering followers. transformation leadership have developed frameworks and measures that have led to a body of research on transformational leadership.

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AUTOCRATIC LEADERSHIP:
leader exerts high levels of power over his or her employees or team members. People within the team are given few opportunities for making suggestions, even if these would be in the team's or organizations interest. autocratic leadership usually leads to high levels of absenteeism and staff turnover. the team's output does not benefit from the creativity and experience of all team members, so many of the benefits of teamwork are lost.

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DEMOCRATIC LEADERSHIP:
Although a democratic leader will make the final decision, he or she invites other members of the team to contribute to the decision-making process This not only increases job satisfaction by involving employees or team members in whats going on, but it also helps to develop peoples skills. It can be most suitable where team working is essential, and quality is more important than speed to market or productivity.

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SERVANT LEADERSHIP:
In many ways, servant leadership is a form of democratic leadership, as the whole team tends to be involved in decisionmaking. Supporters of the servant leadership model suggest it is an important way ahead in a world where values are increasingly important, servant leaders achieve power on the basis of their values and ideals. people practicing servant leadership will often find themselves left behind by leaders using other leadership styles.

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TASK-ORIENTED LEADERSHIP:
A highly task-oriented leader focuses only on getting the job done, and can be quite autocratic. He or she will actively define the work and the roles required, put structures in place, plan, organize and monitor. However, as task-oriented leaders spare little thought for the well-being of their teams, this approach can suffer many of the flaws of autocratic leadership, with difficulties in motivating and retaining staff.

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BUREAUCRATIC LEADERSHIP:
This is a very appropriate style for work involving serious safety risks (such as working with machinery, with toxic substances or at heights) or where large sums of money are involved (such as cash-handling). In other situations, the inflexibility and high levels of control exerted can demoralize staff, and can diminish the organizations ability to react to changing external circumstances.

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PEOPLE-ORIENTED LEADERSHIP/RELATIONSORIENTED LEADERSHIP:

This style of leadership is the opposite of taskoriented leadership. This leader is totally focused on organizing, supporting and developing the people in the leaders team. A participative style, it tends to lead to good teamwork and creative collaboration. In practice, most leaders use both task-oriented and people-oriented styles of leadership.

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Managers vs. Leaders

Managers Managers administer Managers demand Managers maintain Managers focus on systems Managers strives for control Managers have short-term view Managers are focused on the bottom line Managers imitate Managers do things right Managers state their title
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Leaders Leaders innovate Leaders command Leaders develop Leaders focus on people Leaders inspire trust Leaders have a long-term goal Leaders are focused on potential Leaders originate Leaders do the right thing Leaders earn it from others
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Horizontal Vs. Vertical leadership

Horizontal Leadership
Various work teams receive leadership contributions from every member, not just the official designated leader. Once the vision is received, it becomes the job of everyone to see to it that the vision is actually implemented. Vertical leadership

Vertical leadership refers to an individual who is in a formal position of power, such as being the hierarchical head of a division
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Levels of leaders
Potential leaders- These individuals need to be actively seeking out development opportunities for themselves & taking the initiative to become involved in new projects & new experiences.
Middle managers- Individuals are able to plan & manage the day-to-day operational issues & also start to develop their strategic thinking & market awareness. Senior leaders- Individuals who promoted due to their technical competence, & their challenge is to delegate the day-to-day requirements to their teams.

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Fundamental Principles For Effective Leadership

1. VISION
2. BELIEVE THE RIGHT THINGS 3. GOAL SETTING 4. BUILD A LEADERSHIP TEAM 5. SELF DEVELOPMENT 6. ASSUME RESPONSIBILITY 7. INTEGRITY 8. ATTITUDE

9. INFLUENCE
10. RELATIONSHIPS

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What is Value-Based Leadership? Leadership is not limited just to singular measure of effectiveness it is a multidimensional phenomenon. Values-based leadership is different from other modes in that it includes all the three factors: Effectiveness measuring the achievement of the objectives Morality measuring how change affects concerned parties, and Time measuring the desirability of any goal over the long term
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How to be a good leader

Know your team Meet your team Train your team Grow your team Set objectives for each team member Review the performance of each team member Inspire your team Socialize with your team Thank constantly Praise constantly Communicate constantly. Delegate & empower Really listen Accept honest criticism Have a role model

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Improving leadership skills

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Ethical leadership
Ethical leadership is leadership that is involved in leading in a manner that respects the rights and dignity of others.

Leaders who are ethical are people oriented, and also aware of how their decisions impact others, and use their social power to serve the greater good instead of interests.

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CONCLUSION
1. Effectiveness of leadership depends upon matching leadership behavior style with the maturity of the group in a specific situation. 2. Remember knowing and doing are different things. 3. Leaders must develop flexibility to change style. 4. Matching style and situation is not the only leadership role; group development is another important role, that is, moving the group to readiness and responsibility is also an leadership role.

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Review Questions
Different styles of leadership Different types of leadership Explain trait theory and process theory of leadership. Explain leadership grid Differentiate Horizontal Vs. Vertical leadership

What is Value-Based Leadership?

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