GRE Argu GRE Argu: James Jiang James Jiang

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GRE Argu
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James Jiang
2012 Fall
Materials used in this lecture mainly come from Saving My Revised GRE Argu Copy Right 2012 by James Jiang. All Rights Reserved. Authorized and printed in Toronto, Canada, Sept 2012
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Info Page
http://q.weibo.com/2066950?source=weibohome http://www.weibo.com/u/2862045964
http://iask.sina.com.cn/u/1992032727/ish http://www.sharewithu.com/forum.php?mod=forumdisplay&fid=433
Revised GRE Argu
Lecture 5
James Jiang
Oct 20, 2012
Outline of Lecture 5
1 2 3 4 5 6 Argu Argu
1
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specific instruction transition wordsArgument component evidenceconclusion
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logical fallaciesArgument
reasoning line
insufficient evidence stated or unstated assumption

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counterexamplesalternative explanations unsolved question
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Contents
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2
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( ) )
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3-4
Argument
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52 (29%) 50 (28%) 10 (6%) 62 (37%)
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specific evidence assumptions alternative explanations Questions, answer
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Argument Argument
Evaluate insufficient evidence Examine stated and unstated assumption Raise alternative explanation Answer unsolved questions
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Write a response in which you discuss what specific evidence is needed to evaluate the argument and explain how the evidence would weaken or strengthen the argument.
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Opening ParagraphThis argument concludes that _______. However, its author fails to provide sufficient evidence to permit a proper evaluation of the argument's reasoning. Each point of deficiency is discussed separately below.
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This argument concludes that _______. (+ summary of major supporting evidences)
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Argu Argu
Materials used in this lecture mainly come from Saving My Revised GRE Argu Copy Right 2012 by James Jiang. All Rights Reserved. Authorized and printed in Canada, Sept 2012
However, its author fails to provide sufficient evidence to permit a proper evaluation of the argument's reasoning.
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Each point of deficiency is discussed separately below. (optional)
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Body ParagraphOne of the argument's deficiencies involves _______. The author provides no specific evidence that _______. In any event, more information about _______ is needed in order to determine ______.
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The author provides no specific evidence that _______.
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Body ParagraphAnother weakness of the argument is that it provides no information about _______. It would be useful to know _______. It would be helpful to obtain information about _______.
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Another weakness of the argument is that it provides no information about _______.
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Body ParagraphYet another of the editorial's shortcomings has to do with _______, which would require detailed information about _______.
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Concluding ParagraphIn view of the above, it can be said that the conclusion presented in the argument sounds unconvincing due to lack of substantial evidence as _______. In a nutshell, then, a proper evaluation of the editorial requires more information about _______.
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sounds unconvincing due to lack of substantial evidence as _______.
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Keyword alternatives
solid/ strong/ qualified/ convincing/ persuasive support
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argument is insufficient/ inadequate/ deficient/ not enough/ unsatisfactory
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fails to provide sufficient/ convincing/ positive/ tangible/ ample proof/ evidence
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Argu Argu
Write a response in which you examine the stated and/or unstated assumptions of the argument. Be sure to explain how the argument depends on these assumptions, and what the implications are for the argument if the assumptions prove unwarranted.
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Opening ParagraphThe conclusion of this argument _______ rests weakly on three primary assumptions. First, the argument assumes that _______. It further presumes that _______. The argument makes a unwarranted assumption about _______.
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The conclusion of this argument _______ rests weakly on three primary assumptions.
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First, the argument assumes that _______. It further presumes that _______. The argument makes a unwarranted assumption about _______. (Optional)

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Body ParagraphThe argument assumes that _______. Nonetheless, the validity of the authors argument depends on the idea that _______.
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Body ParagraphSimilarly, the arguments conclusion depends on the assumption that _______.
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Body ParagraphThe most significant assumption made by the author to arrive at the conclusion is that _______.
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Concluding ParagraphIn sum, this argument relies heavily on its assumptions, perhaps too heavily. Denying any one of these assumptions results in a weakened or, in some cases, invalid conclusion. Nevertheless, the conclusion that _______, despite its not being proven with the premises given and assumptions made by the author. To strengthen the argument, the author would need to not only address these three assumptions but also _______.
It is unreasonable/ irrational/ unfair/ illogical/ unscientific/ unsound/ wrong to assume that

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false/ wrong/ unwarranted/ unjustifiable/ flawed/ incorrect/ mistaken/ questionable/ erroneous assumptions
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Write a response in which you discuss one or more alternative explanations that could rival the proposed explanation and explain how your explanation(s) can plausibly account for the facts presented in the argument.
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Opening ParagraphThe given argument brings out the conclusion that _______. The argument mainly cites the evidence about _______. There may be alternative explanations for _______.
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There may be alternative explanations for
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Body ParagraphThe argument is weakened by possible alternative explanation for _______. It is likely that _______.
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Body ParagraphThe arguer also fails to rule out several explanations for _______.
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Body ParagraphFurther, the writer ignores the possibility _______.
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Concluding ParagraphThe arguer has failed to convince us in regard to _______. It is possible that _______. The argument proves to be weak in many respects. It ignores many possibilities or alternative explanations that could affect _______. The above discussion proves that the writer has ignored many aspects that could result in _______.Therefore, the arguer should present us with more relevant explanations to support his recommendation.
The explanation provided by the author is not convincing/ credible/ logical/ plausible/ rational/ probable
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Write a response in which you discuss what questions would need to be answered in order to decide whether the recommendation and the argument on which it is based are reasonable. Be sure to explain how the answers to these questions would help to evaluate the recommendation.
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Opening ParagraphThe problem with the recommendation is that it is based solely on certain dubious _______. To make a convincing argument that _______, the memo's author must address specific questions about _______.
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the memo's author must address specific questions about
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Body ParagraphOne question that must be addressed is whether/ who/ what/ how _______.
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Body ParagraphAnother question that must be answered is whether/ who/ what/ how _______.
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Argu Argu
Body ParagraphTwo additional questions that must be solved have to do with _______. How many _______? What if _______?
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Concluding ParagraphIn sum, assessing the reasonableness of the recommendation requires answers to questions regarding to _______, _______, and _______.
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Tackle/ answer/ reply to the question about/ as to/ concerning/ regarding/ relating to
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Summary of Lecture 5
ArguReasoning line ETS
Thank you
Next Lecture: 2012 2012-10 10-27 21:05 PM
(Beijing Time)
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GRE Open Course Make Excellent Education Easily Accessible

GRE Open Course Make Excellent Education Easily Accessible

Open Course Course

Make Excellent Education Easily Accessible

GRE Open Course Make Excellent Education Easily Accessible

GRE Open Course Make Excellent Education Easily Accessible

Revised GRE Argu

GRE Open Course Make Excellent Education Easily Accessible

GRE Open Course Make Excellent Education Easily Accessible

GRE Open Course Make Excellent Education Easily Accessible

GRE Open Course Make Excellent Education Easily Accessible

insufficient evidence stated or unstated assumption

GRE Open Course Make Excellent Education Easily Accessible

GRE Open Course Make Excellent Education Easily Accessible

GRE Open Course Make Excellent Education Easily Accessible

GRE Open Course Make Excellent Education Easily Accessible

GRE Open Course Make Excellent Education Easily Accessible

GRE Open Course Make Excellent Education Easily Accessible

52 (29%) 50 (28%) 10 (6%) 62 (37%)

GRE Open Course Make Excellent Education Easily Accessible

specific evidence assumptions alternative explanations Questions, answer

GRE Open Course Make Excellent Education Easily Accessible

GRE Open Course Make Excellent Education Easily Accessible

GRE Open Course Make Excellent Education Easily Accessible

GRE Open Course Make Excellent Education Easily Accessible

GRE Open Course Make Excellent Education Easily Accessible

This argument concludes that _______. (+ summary of major supporting evidences)

GRE Open Course Make Excellent Education Easily Accessible

GRE Open Course Make Excellent Education Easily Accessible

Each point of deficiency is discussed separately below. (optional)

GRE Open Course Make Excellent Education Easily Accessible

GRE Open Course Make Excellent Education Easily Accessible

The author provides no specific evidence that _______.

GRE Open Course Make Excellent Education Easily Accessible

GRE Open Course Make Excellent Education Easily Accessible

Another weakness of the argument is that it provides no information about _______.

GRE Open Course Make Excellent Education Easily Accessible

GRE Open Course Make Excellent Education Easily Accessible

GRE Open Course Make Excellent Education Easily Accessible

sounds unconvincing due to lack of substantial evidence as _______.

GRE Open Course Make Excellent Education Easily Accessible

GRE Open Course Make Excellent Education Easily Accessible

argument is insufficient/ inadequate/ deficient/ not enough/ unsatisfactory

GRE Open Course Make Excellent Education Easily Accessible

fails to provide sufficient/ convincing/ positive/ tangible/ ample proof/ evidence

GRE Open Course Make Excellent Education Easily Accessible

GRE Open Course Make Excellent Education Easily Accessible

GRE Open Course Make Excellent Education Easily Accessible

GRE Open Course Make Excellent Education Easily Accessible

GRE Open Course Make Excellent Education Easily Accessible

GRE Open Course Make Excellent Education Easily Accessible

GRE Open Course Make Excellent Education Easily Accessible

GRE Open Course Make Excellent Education Easily Accessible

GRE Open Course Make Excellent Education Easily Accessible

GRE Open Course Make Excellent Education Easily Accessible

It is unreasonable/ irrational/ unfair/ illogical/ unscientific/ unsound/ wrong to assume that

GRE Open Course Make Excellent Education Easily Accessible

GRE Open Course Make Excellent Education Easily Accessible