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/ . , Ernest Gellner (1994),
Anthony Smith (1991), Benedict Anderson (1983), Charles
Tilly (1992) /
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Toulmin,
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1.
1

. Toulmin S., Cosmopolis: The hidden Agenda of Modernity, Free Press, (1990),
p.7.

117

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.152.
6
. Giddens (1990), Habermas (1992), (1995), Harvey (1990), Toulmin
(1990), Touraine (1995), Lyotard (1988) ..
7
. Haferkamp H. & Smelser N., Social Change and Modernity, Un. of Cailofornia
Press, (1992), p.12.
8
. ., ,
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120

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1920-30.
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1994.

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Press, (1976), p.9.

122

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15.

16.

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17.

15

. Charles Tilly, States and Nationalism in Europe 1492- 1992, Theory and
Society, 23 (1), p.133.
16
. Habermas J., Citizenship and National identity: some reflections on the
future of Europe, Praxis International, 12, (1992), pp.1-19.
17
. Roehrs H., A united Europe as a challenge to education, European Journal
of Intercultural Studies, 3, (1992), pp.59-70.

128

18

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19
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. Bourdieu P., Raisons Pratiques: sur la thorie de l action, Editions du Seuil,

Paris, (1994), p.115.
19
. Novoa A., Europe and Education: Historical and Comparative Approaches
. ,
.. , Gutenberg, , (2000), pp.47-69.

129

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19 . Meyer, Ramirez Soysal21


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20

. Whitty Geoff, Education, economy and national culture in Bocock R. and

Thompson K., Social and cultural forms of Modernity, Polity Press, (1992), p.269.
21
. Meyer J., Ramirez B. and Soysal Y., World Expansions of Mass Education,
Stanford University Press, (1992), pp.131-32.

130

/ . , , .

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3.3. 20

. Anthony Giddens22

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, Giddens,
(discontinuity),
:
(disembedeness),
(reflexivity) (time-space
distanciation). H
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22

. Giddens A., The Consequences of Modernity, Stanford University Press,

(1990), p.64.

131

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24.

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23

. Giddens A., The Consequences of Modernity, Stanford University Press,

(1992), pp. 38-39,53 A., (1995), .., .569.
24
. Featherstone M., Global Culture:an introduction in Theory, culture and
society 7(2-3), (1990), pp.1-14.

132

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26.

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. ., o.. (1983), . 422, .,

, Gutenberg, A, (1989), .65.
26
. Young ., The Curriculum for the future-From the new sociology of
education to a critical theory of learning, Falmer Press, London, (1998).

133

/
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27. ,

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- 28.
Yasemin Soysal29
status
.

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, (discourses),
, 27

. Hutchmaker: W., L cole dans tous ses tats, Gnve, Service de la

Recherche Sociologique, Gnve, (1990).
28
. Aronowitz S., The olitics of dentity: Class, Culture, Social movements,
Routledge, (1992).
29
. Soysal Y., Limits of Citizenship: migrants and postnational membership in
Europe, University of Chicago, (1994), p.3.

134

-

.
,

,
(top down)
. ,


(bottom up approach). O
. ,


.

[1] ARONOWITZ S., The olitics of dentity: Class, Culture, Social

movements, Routledge, (1992).
[2] BLACK CYRIL, Comparative odernization: A Reader, the Fress
Press, N. York, London, (1976).
[3] BOURDIEU P., Raisons Pratiques: sur la thorie de l action,
ditions du Seuil, Paris, (1994).
[4] FEATHERSTONE M., Global Culture:an introduction in Theory,
culture and society, (1990), 7(2-3).
[5] GIDDENS A., The Consequences of Modernity, Stanford
University Press, (1990).
[6] HABERMAS J., Citizenship and National identity: some
reflections on the future of Europe in Praxis International 12,
(1992).
[7] HAFERKAMP H. and SMELSER N., Social Change and Modernity,
Un. of California Press, (1992).
[8] HALL . and GIEBEN ., Formations of Modernity, Polity press,
(1992).
[9] HUTCHMAKER W., L cole dans tous ses tats, Service de la
Recherche Sociologique, Gnve, (1990).

135

[10] MEYER . RAMIREZ and SOYSAL Y., World Expansions of Mass

Education, Stanford University Press, (1992).
[11] NOVOA A., Europe and Education: Historical and
Comparative Approaches .
, .. ,
Gutenberg, , (2000).
[12] ROEHRS ., A united Europe as a challenge to education in
European Journal of Intercultural Studies, (1992), 3.
[13] SOYSAL Y., Limits of Citizenship: migrants and postnational
membership in Europe, University of Chicago, (1994).
[14] TILLY CHARLES, States and Nationalism in Europe 14921992 in Theory and Society, (1992), 23 (1).
[15] TOULMIN S., Cosmopolis: he hidden Agenda of Modernity,
Free Press, (1990).
[16] YOUNG M., The Curriculum for the future-From the new
sociology of education to a critical theory of learning, Falmer
Press, London, (1998).
[17] WHITTY GEOFF, Education, economy and national culture in
R. Bocock, and K. Thompson Social and cultural forms of
Modernity, Polity Press, (1992).
[18] ,
, , (1986) (1996).
[19] A.,
. (.) :
, ,
(1995).
[20] A., H
: ,
, . 58, (1983).
[21] ,
, , (1978).
[22] .,
, Gutenberg, A, (1989).
[23] B., .
,
, , , (1994).

136