MODULE 1: PREPARATORY

Chapter 1

Introduction to the EMS System

First Responder Trauma Skills

Control airway, breathing, and circulation. Control external bleeding (hemorrhage). Treat shock. Treat wounds. Splint injuries to stabilize extremities.

Goals of First Responder Training

Know what you should not do. Know how to use available resources. Know how to improvise. Know how to assist other EMS providers.

First Responder Life Support Kit

The Emergency Medical Services System

Reporting: Dispatch center is contacted. Dispatch: Appropriate equipment and personnel are dispatched to scene. First response: Firefighters or law enforcement personnel are often first on scene. EMS response: EMT-Bs, EMT-Is, or paramedics arrive shortly thereafter. Hospital care: Patient is taken to hospital if necessary.

Transportation
Transport: Patient requires medical care, but speed is not important. Prompt transport: Patient requires medical care in a fairly short period of time, or patient may get worse or die. Rapid transport: Patient cannot be stabilized by EMS personnel and may die if not immediately transported to appropriate medical facility.

Roles and Responsibilities of the First Responder 1 of 3

Respond promptly. Protect yourself. Protect scene and patients from further harm. Summon appropriate resources. Gain access to patient.

Roles and Responsibilities of the First Responder 2 of 3

Perform patient assessment. Administer emergency medical care and reassurance. Move patients only when necessary. Seek and then direct help from bystanders, if necessary.

Roles and Responsibilities of the First Responder 3 of 3

Control activities of bystanders. Assist EMTs and paramedics, as necessary. Document your care. Keep your knowledge and skills up to date.

Documentation
Initial condition of patient Patients description of injury or illness Initial and later vital signs Treatment given Personnel who took over care Any other pertinent information

Medical Oversight
Direct: Physician is in contact with prehospital EMS providers, usually by two-way radio or wireless telephone. Indirect: Physician directs training courses, helps set medical policies, and assures quality management of the EMS system.