Chnh sch u t mi ca EU

Ngy 07 thng 07 nm 2010 EU cng b chnh sch mi v u t nc ngoi. Trong ngy ny, y ban Chu u gi Thng bo v mt chnh sch ton din i vi u t nc ngoi ca Chu u ti Hi ng, Ngh vin Chu u v cc y ban c lin quan. ng thi, cng trong ngy 07 thng 07 nm 2010, y ban Chu u cng cng b D tho Quy ch ca Ngh vin v Hi ng Chu u v c ch chuyn tip i vi cc hip nh u t song phng gia cc quc gia thnh vin v cc nc th ba (D tho Quy ch). EU ang gi v tr s 1 trong lnh vc u t quc t. EU va l nh u t trc tip nc ngoi (FDI) hng u th gii ng thi cng l ngun thu ht FDI ln nht th gii. Tnh n nm 2008, tng FDI ra nc ngoi ca EU ln n 3.300 t (4,1 nghn t USD), trong khi tng FDI vo EU l 2.400 t (3 nghn t USD). V vy, chnh sch u t nc ngoi ca EU c tc ng ng k ti tnh hnh u t ca cc quc gia trn ton th gii. Ngy 07 thng 07 nm 2010 EU cng b chnh sch mi v u t nc ngoi. Trong ngy ny, y ban Chu u gi Thng bo v mt chnh sch ton din i vi u t nc ngoi ca Chu u ti Hi ng, Ngh vin Chu u v cc y ban c lin quan. ng thi, cng trong ngy 07 thng 07 nm 2010, y ban Chu u cng cng b D tho Quy ch ca Ngh vin v Hi ng Chu u v c ch chuyn tip i vi cc hip nh u t song phng gia cc quc gia thnh vin v cc nc th ba (D tho Quy ch). Trc kia, trc khi Hip c Lisbonc hiu lc,u t l lnh vc chnh sch c s phn chia thm quyn gia EU v cc quc gia thnh vin. Mc d cng hng ti mc ch chung l cung cp cho cc nh u t mt mi trng php l s chc chn,n nh, d on c, cng bng v ng quy nh, nhng trong khi cc quc gia thnh vin tp trung vo vic thc y v bo v tt c cc hnh thc u t, th EU i su vo t do ha v tip cn th trng i vi u t trc tip. Trong khi EU ch trng t do ha u t trc tip nc ngoi thng qua cc hip nh thng mi, th cc quc gia thnh vin li thng tm kim s bo h dng vn u t bng cch k kt cc hip nh u t song phng. C ti khong 1200 hip nh u t song phng c cc quc gia thnh vin k kt vi cc quc gia ngoi EU, vi ni dung khng ng nht dn ti quyn, li ch ca cc nh u t thuc cc quc gia khc nhau c nhng khc bit ng k, v hu qu l mt s nh u t phi di chuyn tr s t quc gia ny sang quc gia khc c hng iu kin u t thun li hn. TheoHip c Lisbon, c hiu lc t ngy 01 thng 12 nm 2009, ln u tin chnh sch u t c pht trin v qun l cp Cng ng chu u. Hip c Lisbon trao cho EU thm quyn tch hp u t trc tip nc ngoi vo chnh sch thng mi chung. Hip c Lisbon cng cho php EU khng nh cam kt ca mnh v mi trng u t m, vn rt c bn cho s thnh vng ca mnh v tip tc thc y u t, c u t trc tip v u t gin tip, ngoi ra cn nh mt cng c pht trin kinh t. Theo iu 3 (1) (e) ca Hip c, Lin minh c thm quyn tuyt i i vi cc chnh sch thng mi chung- ch c Lin minh mi c quyn lp php v thng qua cc vn bn quy phm php lut trong lnh vc , cc nc thnh vin ch c th lm nh vy khi v ch khi c Lin minh u quyn theo iu 2 (1) ca Hip c.

V trong Hip c khng c mt c ch chuyn tip r rng cho php xc nh a v ca cc hip nh song phng v u t m cc nc thnh vin k kt, bo m cho vic thc thi thm quyn tuyt i trong lnh vc xy dng v thng qua cc vn bn quy phm php lut v u t nc ngoi trc tip ca Cng ng chu u theo quy nh ca Hip c Lisbon, ng thi m bo quyn, li ch ca cc nh u t Chu u theo cc hip nh u t nc ngoi song phng c k kt gia cc quc gia thnh vin EU vi cc quc gia ngoi EU, y ban chu u son tho D tho Quy ch , trong thit lp c ch chuyn tip nhmm bo hiu lc ca cc hip nh u t nc ngoi song phng c k kt gia cc quc gia thnh vin EU vi cc quc gia ngoi EU, ang (hoc s) c thc hin, to hnh lang php l chc chn cc nh u t yn tm hot ng. Theo D tho Quy ch, cc hip nh u t nc ngoi song phng hin hnh vn c th tip tc c hiu lc thi hnh, nhng y ban chu u cng vn c quyn xem xt li cc hip nh song phng hin hnh. Nu pht hin cc iu khon khng ph hp vi lut php ca EU, y ban s yu cu quc gia thnh vin m phn li nhng iu khon nh vy. Ngoi ra, cc quc gia thnh vin cn c th m phn sa i hip c song phng hin hnh hoc k kt hip c song phng mi lin quan n u t. Nhng c c cc quynnu trn, cc quc gia thnh vin phi tun th cc quy nh rt cht ch, c th m D tho Quy ch a ra. Trc ht cc quc gia thnh vin pha thng bo cho y ban v cc hip nh song phng lin quan n u t m h k kt vi cc nc th ba trc khi Quy ch c hiu lc. Cn c vo ngh ca quc gia thnh vin, y ban sy quyn cho quc gia thnh vinduy tr hiu lc ca hip nh song phng. Vic y quyn nu trn c th b thu hi nu trong hip nh song phng c tha thun xung t vi php lut ca Lin minh hoc chng cho (mt phn hoc ton b) vi mt hip nh ang c hiu lc ca Lin minh hoc to thnh tr ngi cho s pht trin v thc hin cc chnh sch lin quan n u t caLin minh. Trong trng hp mt nc thnh vin d nh tin hnh m phn sa i mt hip nh song phng hin hnh hoc k kt mt hip nh song phng mi lin quan n u t vi mt nc th ba, nc thnh vin cn phi thng bo cho y ban v nh ca mnh bng vn bn. y ban s y quyn nc thnh vin bt u cc cuc m phn, tr khi y ban kt lun rng vic m cc cuc m phn s sung t vi php lut ca Lin minh hoc lm suy yu cc mc tiu ca cc cuc m phn ang hoc sp xy ra gia Lin minh v nc th ba c lin quan, hoc to thnh mt chng ngi cho s pht trin v thc hin cc chnh sch ca Lin minh lin quan n u t. y ban c th yu cu nc thnh vin a vo cuc m phn nhng iu khon thch hp no . Nc thnh vin c ngha v thng bo cho U ban v tin v kt qu trong sut cc giai on khc nhau ca cc cuc m phn. U ban c th yu cu c tham gia vo cc cuc m phn gia quc gia thnh vin v nc th ba lin quan n u t. Trc khi k mt hip nh song phng, nc thnh vin lin quan phi thng bo cho y ban v kt qu ca cc cuc m phn v phi chuyn ton vntha thun cho y Ban. Cn c vo thng bo, y ban s a ra nh gi v vic liu cc tha thun trong m phn cxung t vi php lut ca Lin minh, hoc c lm suy yu cc mc tiu ca cc cuc m phn ang hoc sp xy ra gia Lin minh v nc th ba c lin quan, hoc to thnh mt chng ngi cho s pht trin v thc hin cc chnh sch lin quan n u t ca Lin minh hay khng. Trng hp y ban thy rng kt qu m phn khng p ng y cc yu cu nu, nc thnh vin s khng c y quyn k kt tha thun

Trong vng nm nm k t khi Quy ch c hiu lc, y ban phi trnh cho Quc hi v Hi ng Chu u mt bn bo co v vic p dng Quy ch, nh gi s cn thit tip tc p dng Quy ch, kin ngh c nn tip tc p dng Quy ch hay khng. Bn cnh vic thit lp c ch chuyn tip, trong ngn hn y ban c dng m rng phm vi ca cc cuc m phn thng mi ang din ra vi n , Singapore, Canada v Mercosur. ng thi, EU cng s xem xt tim nng v tnh kh thi ca cc tha thun u t c lp vi mt s quc gia nh Trung Quc v Nga.