Java Expert System Shell

Matthieu Moisse
AAU

5 November 2009

Matthieu Moisse (AAU)

Jess

5 November 2009

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History Introduction Expert System Rule-Based System Syntax Functions Templates Facts Rules Example Use My Opinion Questions References
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History

Dr. Ernest J. Friedman-Hill Sandia National Laboratories (late 1995) inspired by CLIPS
C Language Integrated Production System 1985 at NASA-Johnson Space Center

Syntax of LISP

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Expert System

Domain in AI Simulates human brain Expert Systems

Neural Networks Blackboard Systems Belief Networks Case-Based Reasoning Rule-Based Systems

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Why would we use it?

Procedural Programming
functions logic control sequential deterministic

Declarative Programming
rules & facts no logic control

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Rule-Based System
Working Memory (Facts) Rule Base (If Then Else) Inference Engine (Reasoning)

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Inference Engine
Pattern Matching (Rete) Activate Rule Conict Resolution Fire Rule

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Basics

Commands
(reset) (run)

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Basics

Symbols
letters digits $ = +/ <> ?#

Symbols
foo rst-value contestant#1 abc

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Basics

Numbers
int long double

Numbers
3 4. 5.643 5654L 6.0E4 1D

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Basics

Strings
no escape sequences

Strings
foo Hello, World \Nonsense,\ he said rmly. Hello, There

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Basics

Lists
everything is a list

Lists
(+ 3 2) (a b c) (Hello, World) () (deftemplate foo (slot bar))

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Function

Functions
(deunction <function-name> [<doc-comment>] (<parameter>*) <exp>* [<return-specier>])

Function
(deunction max Calculates the max of 2 variables (?a ?b) (if (> ?a ?b) then (return ?a) else (return ?b) ))

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Facts

Facts
Templates Unordered Facts Ordered Facts Shadow Facts

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Templates
Templates
(deftemplate <template-name> [extends <extended-template-name>] [<doc-comment>] (slot multislot <slot-name> [some options])*)

Template
(deftemplate automobile A specic car.) (slot make) (slot model) (slot year (type INTEGER)) (slot color (default white)) )

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Unordered Facts
Template
(deftemplate automobile A specic car.) (slot make) (slot model) (slot year (type INTEGER)) (slot color (default white)) )

Unordered facts
(<template-name> (<slot-name> <value>)*)

Unordered fact
(automobile (make ford) (year 1999) (model Explorere))
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Ordered Facts
Ordered facts
(<template-name> <value>*)

Ordered fact
Domain in AI Simulates human brain (shopping-list eggs milk bread)

Template
(deftemplate shopping-list A list of stu we need to buy (declare (ordered TRUE)) )

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Shadow Fact

Link to Java-Objects

Shadow Fact
(bind ?a (new Account)) (add ?a) (printout t (?a getBalance) crlf) (modify 0 (balance 1))

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Rules

Rules
(defrule <rule-name> [<doc-comment>] <LHS> => <RHS> ) LHS
IF Pattern Matching

RHS
THEN ...

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Rules
Rule
(defrule all-fords nd all ford models ?car < (automobile {make == ford}) => (printout t A ?car.model is a model of ford! crlf) )

Rule
(defrule match-list-with-bacon Find grocery-lists that contains bacon (grocery-list $? bacon $?) => (printout t Yes, bacon is on the list crlf) )
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Example

Example
(deftemplate pants-color (slot of) (slot is)) (deftemplate position (slot of) (slot is))

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Example

Example
(defrule generate-possibilities => (foreach ?name (create$ Fred Joe Bob Tom) (foreach ?color (create$ red blue plaid orange) (assert (pants-color (of ?name) (is ?color)))) (foreach ?position (create$ 1 2 3 4) (assert (position (of ?name) (is ?position))))))

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Example
Example
(defrule nd-solution ;; There is a golfer named Fred, whose position is ?p1 ;; and pants color is ?c1 (position (of Fred) (is ?p1)) (pants-color (of Fred) (is ?c1)) ;; The golfer to Freds immediate right ;; is wearing blue pants. (position (of ?n& Fred) (is ?p&:(eq ?p (+ ?p1 1)))) (pants-color (of ?n& Fred) (is blue& ?c1)) ;; Joe is in position #2 (position (of Joe) (is ?p2&2& ?p1)) (pants-color (of Joe) (is ?c2& ?c1))

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. . . Example. . .

. . . Example. . .
;; Bob is wearing the plaid pants (position (of Bob) (is ?p3& ?p1& ?p& ?p2)) (pants-color (of Bob& ?n) (is plaid&?c3& ?c1& ?c2)) ;; Tom isnt in position 1 or 4 ;; and isnt wearing orange (position (of Tom& ?n) (is ?p4& 1& 4& ?p1& ?p2& ?p3)) (pants-color (of Tom) (is ?c4& orange& blue& ?c1& ?c2& ?c3))

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. . . Example

. . . Example
=> (printout (printout (printout (printout t t t t Fred ?p1 ?c1 crlf) Joe ?p2 ?c2 crlf) Bob ?p3 ?c3 crlf) Tom ?p4 ?c4 crlf crlf))

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Use

puzzles business environments J2EE enterprise applications Windows CE handhelds DDG 1000 destroyer ship

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My Opinion

...

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Questions

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Use

http://www.jessrules.com/ http://www.developer.com/java/other/article.php/3089641 http: //www.sandia.gov/news/resources/releases/2008/jessengine.html http://www.pjug.org/introtojess.ppt

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