Grammar3 Class Notes

Phrases and Clauses

Type Noun Phrase (NP) Verb phrase (VP) Prepositional phrase (PP) Gerund phrase Infinitive phrase Parts of a Sentence: Subject + Verb + Object Subject + Verb + Compliment Examples Many students are smart. Definitions Phrase: Two or more words that serve a particular Vegetarian often need to take function in a sentence. A vitamins. phrase doesnt You should eat breakfast in have one or more the morning. compounds (such as subject, verb) which would Reading books is very make it a important sentence. She likes to read at night.

Subject
Types of Subject Noun Pronoun Noun Phrase Gerund phrase Infinitive phrase Noun clause Examples Joyce has her own house. She teaches French at King Saud University. The grammar class is very interesting. Teaching children needs a lot of patience. To be a successful business man is very challenging. What form of exercise you choose affects the kinds of results you get.

Verb
Intransitive verbs The baby is sleeping. The boy is running quickly. The bus stopped suddenly. She is reading in her room. My mother has been cooking since 2 oclock. She goes to school. She is going now. She went yesterday. She works 8 hours a day.

She is working now. She has worked there for 5 years. Transitive Verbs We make dinner at 8 p.m. I am using the reading room. She sent her friend (I.O.) an e-mail (D.O.). She sent 10 e-mails yesterday. She sent an e-mail (D.O.) to her friend (I.O.). My brother drives me to work.

Object/Compliment
Direct Object Noun Pronoun Noun Phrase Gerund phrase Infinitive phrase Noun clause Compliment Adjective Noun phrase Infinitive phrase Noun clause Examples Mary teaches English. Mary saw him. Mary met her school friends. Sara likes swimming. Fatma likes to read novels She know what to do when Examples Nadia seems happy. Sara is an English teacher Her dream is to study abroad. Reading is what she really likes to do.