ite Michael W. Gil Ferreira MarshallCAMBRIDGE UNIVERSITY PRESS Cambridge, New York, Melbourne, Madrid, Cape Town, Singapore, Sio Paulo, Dethi, Dubai, Tokyo, Mexico City Cambridge University Press ‘The Edinburgh Building, Cambridge CB2 8RU, UK Published in the United States of America by Cambridge University Press, New York www cambridge.org Information on this title: www.cambridge.org/9780521 154857 © Cambridge University Press 1986 This publication is in copyright. Subject to statutory exception and to the provisions of relevant collective licensing agreements. no reproduction of any part may take place without the written permission of Cambridge University Press. First published 1986 First paperback edition 2010 A catalogue record for this publication is available from the British Library Library of Congress Cataloguing in Publication Data Ferreira, Hugo Gil Portugal's revolution, Bibliography: p. Includes index. 1, Portugal - History - Revolution, 1974 - Causes, 2, Portugal - History - Coup d’etat, 1975. 3. Portugal Politics and government - 19.74 -. 4. Revolutionists - Portugal - Interviews. 5. Portugal - Social conditions - 20th century. 1. Marshall, Michael W. 1. Title, DP681. F47 1986 946.9°044 85-29067 ISBN 978-0-521-32204-1 Hardback ISBN 978-0-521-15485-7 Paperback Cambridge University Press has no responsibility for the persistence or accuracy of URLs for external or third-party internet websites referred to in this publication, and does not guarantee that any content on such websites is. or will remain, accurate or appropriate.Contents Glossary Page xi Acknowledgments xv Introduction I 1 Setting the scene Introduction 5 Salazar and the New State 5 The Colonial War and military dissent 8 The Church and the state 16 Theeconomy under Salazar 17 Housing, health and education 20 Everyday life under the Salazar regime 22 Civilian dissent in the Salazar/Caetano regime 23 Thelead-up to 25 April 28 2 The coup d’état and revolution Introduction 3r Chronology, 1974-6 32 Tables and block diagrams 63 The interviews 70 The questionnaire 70 Classification of the interviews 73 The idealists: Pezarat Correia, Sanches Osério, Vasco Goncalves 74 The independents: Carlos Fabiao 97 The link-men: Marques Junior, Antonio Ramos 104 The organisers: Otelo Saraiva de Carvalho, Franco Charais, Victor Crespo, Vasco Lourenco, Pires Veloso vii 113