Toan Tap BTVL11 Va Loi Giai Chi Tiet

TK.
Cu hi trc nghim lp 11
Cu hi trc nghim Vt l lp 11 nng cao
Phn mt: in - in t hc
Chng I: in tch - in trng.
I. H thng kin thc trong chng
1. nh lut Cu lng.
ln ca lc tng tc gia hai in tch im ng yn trong chn khng:
2
2 1
r
q q
k F
Trong k = 9.10
9
SI.
Cc in tch t trong in mi v hn th lc tng tc gia chng gim i
ln.
2. in trng.
- Vct cng in trng l i lng c trng cho in trng v mt tc
dng lc:
q
F
E
- Cng in trng gy ra bi in tch im Q ti im cch n mt
khong r trong chn khng c xc nh bng h thc:
2
r
Q
k E
3. Cng ca lc in v hiu in th.
- Cng ca lc in tc dng ln mt in tch khng ph thuc vo dng ng
i ca in tch m ch ph thuc vo v tr ca im u v im cui
ca ng i trong in trng
- Cng thc nh ngha hiu in th:
q
A
U
MN
MN

- Cng thc lin h gia cng in trng v hiu in th trong in trng
u:
' N ' M
U
E
MN
Vi M, N l hnh chiu ca M, N ln mt trc trng vi mt ng sc bt k.

4. T in.
- Cng thc nh ngha in dung ca t in:
U
Q
C
- in dung ca t in phng:
d 4 . 10 . 9
S
C
9
- in dung ca n t in ghp song song:

C = C
1
+ C
2
+ ......+ C
n
1
TK.Cu hi trc nghim lp 11
- in dung ca n t in ghp ni tip:
n 2 1
C
1
.....
C
1
C
1
C
1
+ +
- Nng lng ca t in:
C 2
Q
2
CU
2
QU
W
2 2

- Mt nng lng in trng:
8 . 10 . 9
E
w
9
2
II. Cu hi v bi tp
1. in tch nh lut Cu Lng
1.1 C hai in tch im q
1
v q
2
, chng y nhau. Khng nh no sau
y l ng?
A. q
1
> 0 v q
2
< 0. B. q
1
< 0 v q
2
> 0. C. q
1
.q
2
> 0. D. q
1
.q
2
<
0.
1.2 C bn vt A, B, C, D kch thc nh, nhim in. Bit rng vt A ht vt B
nhng li y C. Vt C ht vt D. Khng nh no sau y l khng ng?
A. in tch ca vt A v D tri du. B. in tch ca vt A v D cng
du.
C. in tch ca vt B v D cng du. D. in tch ca vt A v C cng
du.
1.3 Pht biu no sau y l ng?
A. Khi nhim in do tip xc, electron lun dch chuyn t vt nhim in
sang vt khng nhim in.
B. Khi nhim in do tip xc, electron lun dch chuyn t vt khng nhim
in sang vt nhim in.
C. Khi nhim in do hng ng, electron ch dch chuyn t u ny sang
u kia ca vt b nhim in.
D. Sau khi nhim in do hng ng, s phn b in tch trn vt b nhim
in vn khng thay i.
1. 4 ln ca lc tng tc gia hai in tch im trong khng kh
A. t l vi bnh phng khong cch gia hai in tch.
B. t l vi khong cch gia hai in tch.
C. t l nghch vi bnh phng khong cch gia hai in tch.
D. t l nghch vi khong cch gia hai in tch.
1.5 Tng in tch dng v tng in tch m trong mt 1 cm
3
kh Hir
iu kin tiu chun l:
A. 4,3.10
3
(C) v - 4,3.10
3
(C). B. 8,6.10
3
(C) v - 8,6.10
3
(C).
C. 4,3 (C) v - 4,3 (C). D. 8,6 (C) v - 8,6 (C).
1.6 Khong cch gia mt prton v mt lectron l r = 5.10
-9
(cm), coi rng
prton v lectron l cc in tch im. Lc tng tc gia chng l:
2
A. lc ht vi F = 9,216.10
-12
(N). B. lc y vi F = 9,216.10
-12
(N).
C. lc ht vi F = 9,216.10
-8
(N). D. lc y vi F = 9,216.10
-8
(N).
1.7 Hai in tch im bng nhau t trong chn khng cch nhau mt
khong r = 2 (cm). Lc y gia chng l F = 1,6.10
-4
(N). ln ca hai in
tch l:
A. q
1
= q
2
= 2,67.10
-9
(C). B. q
1
= q
2
= 2,67.10
-7
(C).
C. q
1
= q
2
= 2,67.10
-9
(C). D. q
1
= q
2
= 2,67.10
-7
(C).
1.8 Hai in tch im bng nhau t trong chn khng cch nhau mt
khong r
1
= 2 (cm). Lc y gia chng l F
1
= 1,6.10
-4
(N). lc tng tc gia
hai in tch bng F
2
= 2,5.10
-4
(N) th khong cch gia chng l:
A. r
2
= 1,6 (m). B. r
2
= 1,6 (cm). C. r
2
= 1,28 (m). D. r
2
=
1,28 (cm).
1.9 Hai in tch im q
1
= +3 (C) v q
2
= -3 (C),t trong du ( = 2) cch
nhau mt khong r = 3 (cm). Lc tng tc gia hai in tch l:
A. lc ht vi ln F = 45 (N). B. lc y vi ln F =
45 (N).
C. lc ht vi ln F = 90 (N). D. lc y vi ln F =
90 (N).
1.10 Hai in tch im bng nhau c t trong nc ( = 81) cch nhau 3
(cm). Lc y gia chng bng 0,2.10
-5
(N). Hai in tch
A. tri du, ln l 4,472.10
-2
(C). B. cng du, ln l 4,472.10
-
10
(C).
C. tri du, ln l 4,025.10
-9
(C). D. cng du, ln l 4,025.10
-
3
(C).
1.11 Hai qu cu nh c in tch 10
-7
(C) v 4.10
-7
(C), tng tc vi nhau mt
lc 0,1 (N) trong chn khng. Khong cch gia chng l:
A. r = 0,6 (cm). B. r = 0,6 (m). C. r = 6 (m). D. r =
6 (cm).
1.12* C hai in tch q
1
= + 2.10
-6
(C), q
2
= - 2.10
-6
(C), t ti hai im A, B
trong chn khng v cch nhau mt khong 6 (cm). Mt in tch q
3
= + 2.10
-6
(C), t trn ng trung trc ca AB, cch AB mt khong 4 (cm). ln ca lc
in do hai in tch q
1
v q
2
tc dng ln in tch q
3
l:
A. F = 14,40 (N). B. F = 17,28 (N). C. F = 20,36 (N) D. F =
28,80 (N).
2. Thuyt Electron. nh lut bo ton in tch
1.13 Pht biu no sau y l khng ng?
A. Ht lectron l ht c mang in tch m, c ln 1,6.10
-19
(C).
B. Ht lectron l ht c khi lng m = 9,1.10
-31
(kg).
C. Nguyn t c th mt hoc nhn thm lectron tr thnh ion.
D. lectron khng th chuyn ng t vt ny sang vt khc.
3
A. Theo thuyt lectron, mt vt nhim in dng l vt thiu lectron.
B. Theo thuyt lectron, mt vt nhim in m l vt tha lectron.
C. Theo thuyt lectron, mt vt nhim in dng l vt nhn thm cc
ion dng.
D. Theo thuyt lectron, mt vt nhim in m l vt nhn thm
lectron.
1.15 Pht bit no sau y l khng ng?
A. Vt dn in l vt c cha nhiu in tch t do.
B. Vt cch in l vt c cha rt t in tch t do.
C. Vt dn in l vt c cha rt t in tch t do.
D. Cht in mi l cht c cha rt t in tch t do.
A. Trong qu trnh nhim in do c st, lectron chuyn t vt ny sang
vt kia.
B. Trong qu trnh nhim in do hng ng, vt b nhim in vn trung
ho in.
C. Khi cho mt vt nhim in dng tip xc vi mt vt cha nhim in,
th lectron chuyn t vt cha nhim in sang vt nhim in dng.
D. Khi cho mt vt nhim in dng tip xc vi mt vt cha nhim in,
th in tch dng chuyn t vt vt nhim in dng sang cha nhim
in.
1.17 Khi a mt qu cu kim loi khng nhim in li gn mt qu cu khc
nhim in th
A. hai qu cu y nhau. B. hai qu cu ht
nhau.
C. khng ht m cng khng y nhau. D. hai qu cu trao i in
tch cho nhau.
A. Trong vt dn in c rt nhiu in tch t do.
B. Trong in mi c rt t in tch t do.
C. Xt v ton b th mt vt nhim in do hng ng vn l mt vt trung
ho in.
D. Xt v ton b th mt vt nhim in do tip xc vn l mt vt trung
ho in.
3. in trng
A. in trng tnh l do cc ht mang in ng yn sinh ra.
B. Tnh cht c bn ca in trng l n tc dng lc in ln in tch
t trong n.
C. Vct cng in trng ti mt im lun cng phng, cng chiu vi
vect lc in tc dng ln mt in tch t ti im trong in tr-
ng.
4
D. Vct cng in trng ti mt im lun cng phng, cng chiu vi
vect lc in tc dng ln mt in tch dng t ti im trong
in trng.
1.20 t mt in tch dng, khi lng nh vo mt in trng u ri th
nh. in tch s chuyn ng:
A. dc theo chiu ca ng sc in trng. B. ngc chiu ng sc in
trng.
C. vung gc vi ng sc in trng. D. theo mt qu o bt k.
1.21 t mt in tch m, khi lng nh vo mt in trng u ri th nh.
in tch s chuyn ng:
A. dc theo chiu ca ng sc in trng. B. ngc chiu ng sc in
trng.
C. vung gc vi ng sc in trng. D. theo mt qu o bt k.
1.22 Pht biu no sau y v tnh cht ca cc ng sc in l khng
ng?
A. Ti mt im trong in trng ta c th v c mt ng sc i qua.
B. Cc ng sc l cc ng cong khng kn.
C. Cc ng sc khng bao gi ct nhau.
D. Cc ng sc in lun xut pht t in tch dng v kt thc in
tch m.
A. in ph cho ta bit s phn b cc ng sc trong in trng.
B. Tt c cc ng sc u xut pht t in tch dng v kt thc in
tch m.
C. Cng c khi ng sc in khng xut pht t in tch dng m xut
pht t v cng.
D. Cc ng sc ca in trng u l cc ng thng song song v cch
u nhau.
1.24 Cng thc xc nh cng in trng gy ra bi in tch Q < 0, ti
mt im trong chn khng, cch in tch Q mt khong r l:
A.
2
9
10 . 9
r
Q
E B.
2
9
10 . 9
r
Q
E C.
r
Q
E
9
10 . 9
D.
r
Q
E
9
10 . 9
1.25 Mt in tch t ti im c cng in trng 0,16 (V/m). Lc tc
dng ln in tch bng 2.10
-4
(N). ln in tch l:
A. q = 8.10
-6
(C). B. q = 12,5.10
-6
(C). C. q = 8 (C). D. q =
12,5 (C).
1.26 Cng in trng gy ra bi in tch Q = 5.10
-9
(C), ti mt im
trong chn khng cch in tch mt khong 10 (cm) c ln l:
A. E = 0,450 (V/m). B. E = 0,225 (V/m). C. E = 4500 (V/m). D. E = 2250
(V/m).
1.27 Ba in tch q ging ht nhau c t c nh ti ba nh ca mt tam
gic u c cnh a. ln cng in trng ti tm ca tam gic l:
A.
2
9
10 . 9
a
Q
E B.
2
9
10 . 9 . 3
a
Q
E C.
2
9
10 . 9 . 9
a
Q
E D. E = 0.
5
1.28 Hai in tch q
1
= 5.10
-9
(C), q
2
= - 5.10
-9
(C) t ti hai im cch nhau
10 (cm) trong chn khng. ln cng in trng ti im nm trn ng
thng i qua hai in tch v cch u hai in tch l:
A. E = 18000 (V/m). . E = 36000 (V/m). C. E = 1,800 (V/m). D. E = 0
(V/m).
1.29 Hai in tch q
1
= q
2
= 5.10
-16
(C), t ti hai nh B v C ca mt tam
gic u ABC cnh bng 8 (cm) trong khng kh. Cng in trng ti nh
A ca tam gic ABC c ln l:
A. E = 1,2178.10
-3
(V/m). B. E = 0,6089.10
-3
(V/m).
C. E = 0,3515.10
-3
(V/m). D. E = 0,7031.10
-3
(V/m).
1.30 Hai in tch q
1
= 5.10
-9
(C), q
2
= - 5.10
-9
(C) t ti hai im cch nhau
10 (cm) trong chn khng. ln cng in trng ti im nm trn ng
thng i qua hai in tch v cch q
1
5 (cm), cch q
2
15 (cm) l:
A. E = 16000 (V/m). B. E = 20000
(V/m).
C. E = 1,600 (V/m). D. E = 2,000
(V/m).
1.31 Hai in tch q
1
= 5.10
-16
(C), q
2
= - 5.10
-16
(C), t ti hai nh B v C
ca mt tam gic u ABC cnh bng 8 (cm) trong khng kh. Cng in tr-
ng ti nh A ca tam gic ABC c ln l:
A. E = 1,2178.10
-3
(V/m). B. E = 0,6089.10
-3
(V/m).
C. E = 0,3515.10
-3
(V/m). D. E = 0,7031.10
-3
(V/m).
4. Cng ca lc in. Hiu in th
1.32 Cng thc xc nh cng ca lc in trng lm dch chuyn in tch q
trong in trng u E l A = qEd, trong d l:
A. khong cch gia im u v im cui.
B. khong cch gia hnh chiu im u v hnh chiu im cui ln mt
ng sc.
C. di i s ca on t hnh chiu im u n hnh chiu im
cui ln mt ng sc, tnh theo chiu ng sc in.
D. di i s ca on t hnh chiu im u n hnh chiu im
cui ln mt ng sc.
A. Cng ca lc in tc dng ln mt in tch khng ph thuc vo dng -
ng i ca in tch m ch ph thuc vo v tr im u v im cui
ca on ng i trong in trng.
B. Hiu in th gia hai im trong in trng l i lng c trng cho
kh nng sinh cng ca in trng lm dch chuyn in tch gia hai
im .
C. Hiu in th gia hai im trong in trng l i lng c trng cho
in trng tc dng lc mnh hay yu khi t in tch th ti hai im
.
6
D. in trng tnh l mt trng th.
1.34 Mi lin h gia hiu in th U
MN
v hiu in th U
NM
l:
A. U
MN
= U
NM
B. U
MN
= - U
NM
C. U
MN
=
NM
1
U
D. U
MN
=
NM
U
1
1.35 Hai im M v N nm trn cng mt ng sc ca mt in trng u c

cng E, hiu in th gia M v N l U
MN
, khong cch MN = d. Cng thc
no sau y l khng ng?
A. U
MN
= V
M
V
N
B. U
MN
= E.d C. A
MN
= q.U
MN
D. E =
U
MN
.d
1.36 Mt in tch q chuyn ng trong in trng khng u theo mt -
ng cong kn. Gi cng ca lc in trong chuyn ng l A th
A. A > 0 nu q > 0.
B. A > 0 nu q < 0.
C. A 0 cn du ca A cha xc nh v cha bit chiu chuyn ng ca q.
D. A = 0 trong mi trng hp.
1.37 Hai tm kim loi song song, cch nhau 2 (cm) v c nhim in tri du
nhau. Mun lm cho in tch q = 5.10
-10
(C) di chuyn t tm ny n tm kia
cn tn mt cng A = 2.10
-9
(J). Coi in trng bn trong khong gia hai tm
kim loi l in trng u v c cc ng sc in vung gc vi cc tm. Cng
in trng bn trong tm kim loi l:
A. E = 2 (V/m) B. E = 40 (V/m) C. E = 200 (V/m) D. E = 400
(V/m).
1.38 Mt lectron chuyn ng dc theo ng sc ca mt in trng u. C-
ng in trng E = 100 (V/m). Vn tc ban u ca lectron bng 300
(km/s). Khi lng ca lectron l m = 9,1.10
-31
(kg). T lc bt u chuyn ng
n lc vn tc ca lectron bng khng th lectron chuyn ng c qung
ng l:
A. S = 5,12 (mm) B. S = 2,56
(mm)
C. S = 5,12.10
-3
(mm) D. S = 2,56.10
-
3
(mm).
1.39 Hiu in th gia hai im M v N l U
MN
= 1 (V). Cng ca in trng
lm dch chuyn in tch q = - 1 (C) t M n N l:
A. A = - 1 (J) B. A = + 1 (J) C. A = - 1 (J) D. A = + 1
(J)
1.40 Mt qu cu nh khi lng 3,06.10
-15
(kg), mang in tch 4,8.10
-18
(C), nm
l lng gia hai tm kim loi song song nm ngang nhim in tri du, cch
nhau mt khong 2 (cm). Ly g = 10 (m/s
2
). Hiu in th t vo hai tm kim
loi l:
A. U = 255,0 (V) B. U = 127,5 (V) C. U = 63,75 (V) D. U =
734,4 (V)
1.41 Cng ca lc in trng lm di chuyn mt in tch gia hai im c
hiu in th U = 2000 (V) l A = 1 (J). ln ca in tch l
A. q = 2.10
-4
(C) B. q = 2.10
-4
(C) C. q = 5.10
-4
(C) D. q =
5.10
-4
(C)
7
1.42 Mt in tch q = 1 (C) di chuyn t im A n im B trong in tr-
ng, n thu c mt nng lng W = 0,2 (mJ). Hiu in th gia hai im A, B
l:
A. U = 0,20 (V) B. U = 0,20 (mV) C. U = 200 (kV) D. U =
200 (V)
5. Bi tp v lc Cu lng v in trng
1.43 Cho hai in tch dng q
1
= 2 (nC) v q
2
= 0,018 (C) t c nh v
cch nhau 10 (cm). t thm in tch th ba q
0
ti mt im trn ng ni hai
in tch q
1
, q
2
sao cho q
0
nm cn bng. V tr ca q
0
l
A. cch q
1
2,5 (cm) v cch q
2
7,5 (cm) B. cch q
1
7,5 (cm) v cch q
2
2,5 (cm)
C. cch q
1
2,5 (cm) v cch q
2
12,5 (cm) D. cch q
1
12,5 (cm) v cch q
2
2,5 (cm)
1.44 Hai in tch im q
1
= 2.10
-2
(C) v q
2
= - 2.10
-2
(C) t ti hai im
A v B cch nhau mt on a = 30 (cm) trong khng kh. Lc in tc dng ln
in tch q
0
= 2.10
-9
(C) t ti im M cch u A v B mt khong bng a
c ln l:
A. F = 4.10
-10
(N) B. F = 3,464.10
-6
(N)
C. F = 4.10
-6
(N) D. F = 6,928.10
-6
(N)
1
= 0,5 (nC) v q
2
= - 0,5 (nC) t ti hai im A, B
cch nhau 6 (cm) trong khng kh. Cng in trng ti trung im ca AB
c ln l:
A. E = 0 (V/m) B. E = 5000 (V/m) C. E = 10000 (V/m) D. E = 20000
(V/m)
1
= 0,5 (nC) v q
2
= - 0,5 (nC) t ti hai im A, B
cch nhau 6 (cm) trong khng kh. Cng in trng ti im M nm trn
trung trc ca AB, cch trung im ca AB mt khong l = 4 (cm) c ln l:
A. E = 0 (V/m) B. E = 1080 (V/m) C. E = 1800 (V/m) D. E = 2160
(V/m)
1.47 Cho hai bn kim loi phng t song song tch in tri du, mt lectron
bay vo in trng gi hai bn kim loi ni trn, vi vn tc ban u v
0
vung
gc vi cc ng sc in. B qua tc dng ca trong trng. Qu o ca
lectron l:
A. ng thng song song vi cc ng sc in.
B. ng thng vung gc vi cc ng sc in.
C. mt phn ca ng hypebol.
D. mt phn ca ng parabol.
1.48 Cho hai bn kim loi phng t song song tch in tri du, th mt
lectron khng vn tc ban u vo in trng gi hai bn kim loi trn. B qua
tc dng ca trng trng. Qu o ca lectron l:
A. ng thng song song vi cc ng sc in.
B. ng thng vung gc vi cc ng sc in.
C. mt phn ca ng hypebol.
8
D. mt phn ca ng parabol.
1.49 Mt in tch q = 10
-7
(C) t ti im M trong in trng ca mt in
tch im Q, chu tc dng ca lc F = 3.10
-3
(N). Cng in trng do in
tch im Q gy ra ti im M c ln l:
A. E
M
= 3.10
5
(V/m) B. E
M
= 3.10
4
(V/m)
C. E
M
= 3.10
3
(V/m) D. E
M
= 3.10
2
(V/m)
1.50 Mt in tch im dng Q trong chn khng gy ra ti im M cch
in tch mt khong r = 30 (cm), mt in trng c cng E = 30000
(V/m). ln in tch Q l:
A. Q = 3.10
-5
(C) B. Q = 3.10
-6
(C) C. Q = 3.10
-7
(C) D. Q =
3.10
-8
(C)
1
= 2.10
-2
(C) v q
2
= - 2.10
-2
(C) t ti hai im
A v B cch nhau mt on a = 30 (cm) trong khng kh. Cng in trng ti
im M cch u A v B mt khong bng a c ln l:
A. E
M
= 0,2 (V/m) B. E
M
= 1732 (V/m) C. E
M
= 3464 (V/m) D. E
M
= 2000
(V/m)
6. Vt dn v in mi trong in trng
1.52 Pht biu no sau y i vi vt dn cn bng in l khng ng?
A. Cng in trng trong vt dn bng khng.
B. Vect cng in trng b mt vt dn lun vung gc vi b mt
vt dn.
C. in tch ca vt dn ch phn b trn b mt vt dn.
D. in tch ca vt dn lun phn b u trn b mt vt dn.
1.53 Gi s ngi ta lm cho mt s lectron t do t mt ming st vn trung
ho in di chuyn sang vt khc. Khi
A. b mt ming st vn trung ho in B. b mt ming st nhim
in dng
C. b mt ming st nhim in m D. trong lng ming st
nhim in dng
A. Khi a mt vt nhim in dng li gn mt qu cu bc (in mi) th
qu cu bc b ht v pha vt nhim in dng.
B. Khi a mt vt nhim in m li gn mt qu cu bc (in mi) th
qu cu bc b ht v pha vt nhim in m.
C. Khi a mt vt nhim in m li gn mt qu cu bc (in mi) th
qu cu bc b y ra xa vt nhim in m.
D. Khi a mt vt nhim in li gn mt qu cu bc (in mi) th qu
cu bc b ht v pha vt nhim in.
1.55 Mt qu cu nhm rng c nhim in th in tch ca qu cu
A. ch phn b mt trong ca qu cu.
B. ch phn b mt ngoi ca qu cu.
9
C. phn b c mt trong v mt ngoi ca qu cu.
D. phn b mt trong nu qu cu nhim in dng, mt ngoi nu
qu cu nhim in m.
A. Mt vt dn nhim in dng th in tch lun lun c phn b u
trn b mt vt dn.
B. Mt qu cu bng ng nhim in m th vect cng in trng
ti im bt k bn trong qu cu c hng v tm qu cu.
C. Vect cng in trng ti mt im bn ngoi vt nhim in lun c
phng vung gc vi mt vt .
D. in tch mt ngoi ca mt qu cu kim loi nhim in c phn b
nh nhau mi im.
1.57 Hai qu cu bng kim loi c bn knh nh nhau, mang in tch cng du.
Mt qu cu c, mt qu cu rng. Ta cho hai qu cu tip xc vi nhau th
A. in tch ca hai qu cu bng nhau.
B. in tch ca qu cu c ln hn in tch ca qu cu rng.
C. in tch ca qu cu rng ln hn in tch ca qu cu c.
D. hai qu cu u tr thnh trung ho in.
1.58 a mt ci a nhim in li gn nhng mu giy nh, ta thy mu giy
b ht v pha a. Sau khi chm vo a th
A. mu giy cng b ht cht vo a.
B. mu giy b nhim in tch tri du vi a.
C. mu giy b tr ln trung ho in nn b a y ra.
D. mu giy li b y ra khi a do nhim in cng du vi a.
7. T in
A. T in l mt h hai vt dn t gn nhau nhng khng tip xc vi nhau.
Mi vt gi l mt bn t.
B. T in phng l t in c hai bn t l hai tm kim loi c kch thc ln
t i din vi nhau.
C. in dung ca t in l i lng c trng cho kh nng tch in ca t
in v c o bng thng s gia in tch ca t v hiu in th gia
hai bn t.
D. Hiu in th gii hn l hiu in th ln nht t vo hai bn t in
m lp in mi ca t in b nh thng.
1.60 in dung ca t in khng ph thuc vo:
A. Hnh dng, kch thc ca hai bn t B. Khong cch gia hai
bn t.
C. Bn cht ca hai bn t. D. Cht in mi gia
hai bn t.
10
1.61 Mt t in phng gm hai bn t c din tch phn i din l S,
khong cch gia hai bn t l d, lp in mi c hng s in mi , in dung
c tnh theo cng thc:
A.
d 2 . 10 . 9
S
C
9
B.
d 4 . 10 . 9
S
C
9
C.
d 4 .
S . 10 . 9
C
9

D.
d 4
S 10 . 9
C
9
1.62 Mt t in phng, gi nguyn din tch i din gia hai bn t, tng

khong cch gia hai bn t ln hai ln th
A. in dung ca t in khng thay i. B. in dung ca t in tng
ln hai ln.
C. in dung ca t in gim i hai ln. D. in dung ca t in tng
ln bn ln.
1.63 Bn t in ging nhau c in dung C c ghp ni tip vi nhau thnh
mt b t in. in dung ca b t in l:
A. C
b
= 4C. B. C
b
= C/4 .C. C
b
= 2C. D. C
b
= C/2.
1.64 Bn t in ging nhau c in dung C c ghp song song vi nhau thnh
mt b t in. in dung ca b t in l:
A. C
b
= 4C. B. C
b
= C/4. C. C
b
= 2C. D. C
b
=
C/2.
1.65 Mt t in c in dung 500 (pF) c mc vo hiu in th 100 (V).
in tch ca t in l:
A. q = 5.10
4
(C). B. q = 5.10
4
(nC). C. q = 5.10
-2
(C). D. q =
5.10
-4
(C).
1.66 Mt t in phng gm hai bn c dng hnh trn bn knh 3 (cm), t
cch nhau 2 (cm) trong khng kh. in dung ca t in l:
A. C = 1,25 (pF). B. C = 1,25 (nF). C. C = 1,25 (F). D. C =
1,25 (F).
1.67 Mt t in phng gm hai bn c dng hnh trn bn knh 5 (cm), t
cch nhau 2 (cm) trong khng kh. in trng nh thng i vi khng kh l
3.10
5
(V/m). Hu in th ln nht c th t vo hai bn cc ca t in l:
A. U
max
= 3000 (V). B. U
max
= 6000 (V).
C. U
max
= 15.10
3
(V). D. U
max
= 6.10
5
(V).
1.68 Mt t in phng c mc vo hai cc ca mt ngun in c hiu
in th 50 (V). Ngt t in ra khi ngun ri ko cho khong cch gia hai
bn t tng gp hai ln th
A. in dung ca t in khng thay i. B. in dung ca t in tng
ln hai ln.
C. in dung ca t in gim i hai ln. D. in dung ca t in tng
ln bn ln.
bn t tng gp hai ln th
A. in tch ca t in khng thay i. B. in tch ca t in tng
ln hai ln.
C. in tch ca t in gim i hai ln. D. in tch ca t in tng
ln bn ln.
11
bn t tng gp hai ln th hiu in th gia hai bn t c gi tr l:
A. U = 50 (V). B. U = 100 (V). C. U = 150 (V). D. U = 200
(V).
1.71 Hai t in c in dung C
1
= 0,4 (F), C
2
= 0,6 (F) ghp song song vi
nhau. Mc b t in vo ngun in c hiu in th U < 60 (V) th
mt trong hai t in c in tch bng 3.10
-5
(C). Hiu in th ca
ngun in l:
A. U = 75 (V). B. U = 50 (V). C. U = 7,5.10
-5
(V). D. U = 5.10
-
4
(V).
1.72 B t in gm ba t in: C
1
= 10 (F), C
2
= 15 (F), C
3
= 30 (F) mc ni
tip vi nhau. in dung ca b t in l:
A. C
b
= 5 (F). B. C
b
= 10 (F). C. C
b
= 15 (F). D. C
b
= 55
(F).
1.73 B t in gm ba t in: C
1
= 10 (F), C
2
= 15 (F), C
3
= 30 (F) mc
song song vi nhau. in dung ca b t in l:
A. C
b
= 5 (F). B. C
b
= 10 (F). C. C
b
= 15 (F). D. C
b
= 55
(F).
1.74 B t in gm hai t in: C
1
= 20 (F), C
2
= 30 (F) mc ni tip vi
nhau, ri mc vo hai cc ca ngun in c hiu in th U = 60 (V). in
tch ca b t in l:
A. Q
b
= 3.10
-3
(C). B. Q
b
= 1,2.10
-3
(C).
C. Q
b
= 1,8.10
-3
(C). D. Q
b
= 7,2.10
-4
(C).
1
= 20 (F), C
2
tch ca mi t in l:
A. Q
1
= 3.10
-3
(C) v Q
2
= 3.10
-3
(C). B. Q
1
= 1,2.10
-3
(C) v Q
2
=
1,8.10
-3
(C).
C. Q
1
= 1,8.10
-3
(C) v Q
2
= 1,2.10
-3
(C) D. Q
1
= 7,2.10
-4
(C) v Q
2
=
7,2.10
-4
(C).
1
= 20 (F), C
2
nhau, ri mc vo hai cc ca ngun in c hiu in th U = 60 (V). Hiu
in th trn mi t in l:
A. U
1
= 60 (V) v U
2
= 60 (V). B. U
1
= 15 (V) v U
2
= 45 (V).
C. U
1
= 45 (V) v U
2
= 15 (V). D. U
1
= 30 (V) v U
2
= 30 (V).
1
= 20 (F), C
2
= 30 (F) mc song song vi
nhau, ri mc vo hai cc ca ngun in c hiu in th U = 60 (V). Hiu
in th trn mi t in l:
A. U
1
= 60 (V) v U
2
= 60 (V). B. U
1
= 15 (V) v U
2
= 45 (V).
C. U
1
= 45 (V) v U
2
= 15 (V). D. U
1
= 30 (V) v U
2
= 30 (V).
1
= 20 (F), C
2
= 30 (F) mc song song vi
tch ca mi t in l:
A. Q
1
= 3.10
-3
(C) v Q
2
= 3.10
-3
(C). B. Q
1
= 1,2.10
-3
(C) v Q
2
=
1,8.10
-3
(C).
12
C. Q
1
= 1,8.10
-3
(C) v Q
2
= 1,2.10
-3
(C) D. Q
1
= 7,2.10
-4
(C) v Q
2
=
7,2.10
-4
(C).
8. Nng lng in trng
A. Sau khi np in, t in c nng lng, nng lng tn ti di dng ho
nng.
B. Sau khi np in, t in c nng lng, nng lng tn ti di dng c
nng.
C. Sau khi np in, t in c nng lng, nng lng tn ti di dng nhit
nng.
D. Sau khi np in, t in c nng lng, nng lng l nng lng ca in
trng trong t in.
1.80 Mt t in c in dung C, c np in n hiu in th U, in
tch ca t l Q. Cng thc no sau y khng phi l cng thc xc nh
nng lng ca t in?
A. W =
C
Q
2
1
2
B. W =
C
U
2
1
2
C. W =
2
CU
2
1
D. W =
QU
2
1
1.81 Mt t in c in dung C, c np in n hiu in th U, in
tch ca t l Q. Cng thc xc nh mt nng lng in trng trong t in
l:
A. w =
C
Q
2
1
2
B. w =
2
CU
2
1
C. w =
QU
2
1
D. w =
8 . 10 . 9
E
9
2
1.82 Mt t in c in dung C = 6 (F) c mc vo ngun in 100 (V).
Sau khi ngt t in khi ngun, do c qu trnh phng in qua lp in mi
nn t in mt dn in tch. Nhit lng to ra trong lp in mi k t khi
bt u ngt t in khi ngun in n khi t phng ht in l:
A. 0,3 (mJ). B. 30 (kJ). C. 30 (mJ). D. 3.10
4
(J).
1.83 Mt t in c in dung C = 5 (F) c tch in, in tch ca t
in bng 10
-3
(C). Ni t in vo b acquy sut in ng 80 (V), bn
in tch dng ni vi cc dng, bn in tch m ni vi cc m ca b
acquy. Sau khi cn bng in th
A. nng lng ca b acquy tng ln mt lng 84 (mJ).
B. nng lng ca b acquy gim i mt lng 84 (mJ).
C. nng lng ca b acquy tng ln mt lng 84 (kJ).
D. nng lng ca b acquy gim i mt lng 84 (kJ).
1.84 Mt t in khng kh phng mc vo ngun in c hiu in th U =
200 (V). Hai bn t cch nhau 4 (mm). Mt nng lng in trng trong t
in l:
13
A. w = 1,105.10
-8
(J/m
3
). B. w = 11,05
(mJ/m
3
).
C. w = 8,842.10
-8
(J/m
3
). D. w = 88,42
(mJ/m
3
).
9. Bi tp v t in
1.85 Hai bn ca mt t in phng l hnh trn, t in c tch in sao
cho in trng trong t in bng E = 3.10
5
(V/m). Khi in tch ca t
in l Q = 100 (nC). Lp in mi bn trong t in l khng kh. Bn knh
ca cc bn t l:
A. R = 11 (cm). B. R = 22 (cm). C. R = 11 (m). D. R =
22 (m).
1.86 C hai t in: t in 1 c in dung C
1
= 3 (F) tch in n hiu
in th U
1
= 300 (V), t in 2 c in dung C
2
in th U
2
= 200 (V). Ni hai bn mang in tch cng tn ca hai t in
vi nhau. Hiu in th gia cc bn t in l:
A. U = 200 (V). B. U = 260 (V). C. U = 300 (V). D. U =
500 (V).
1.87 C hai t in: t in 1 c in dung C
1
in th U
1
= 300 (V), t in 2 c in dung C
2
in th U
2
= 200 (V). Ni hai bn mang in tch cng tn ca hai t in
vi nhau. Nhit lng to ra sau khi ni l:
A. 175 (mJ). B. 169.10
-3
(J). C. 6 (mJ). D. 6
(J).
1.88 Mt b t in gm 10 t in ging nhau (C = 8 F) ghp ni tip vi
nhau. B t in c ni vi hiu in th khng i U = 150 (V). bin
thin nng lng ca b t in sau khi c mt t in b nh thng l:
A. W = 9 (mJ). B. W = 10
(mJ).
C. W = 19 (mJ). D. W = 1 (mJ).
1.89 Mt t in phng c in dung C, c mc vo mt ngun in, sau
ngt khi ngun in. Ngi ta nhng hon ton t in vo cht in mi
c hng s in mi . Khi in tch ca t in
A. Khng thay i. B. Tng ln
ln.
C. Gim i ln. D. Thay i
ln.
c hng s in mi . Khi in dung ca t in
A. Khng thay i. B. Tng ln ln.
C. Gim i ln. D. Tng ln hoc gim i tu thuc vo lp
in mi.
c hng s in mi . Khi hiu in th gia hai bn t in
A. Khng thay i. B. Tng ln ln.
14
C. Gim i ln. D. Tng ln hoc gim i tu thuc vo lp
in mi.
III. hng dn gii v tr li
1. in tch nh lut Cu Lng
1.1 Chn: C
Hng dn: Hai in tch y nhau vy chng phi cng du suy ra tch q
1
.q
2
>
0.
1.2 Chn: B
15
Hng dn: Bit rng vt A ht vt B nhng li y C suy ra A v C cng du, A v
B tri du. Vt C ht vt D suy ra C v D cng du. Nh vy A, C v D cng du
ng thi tri du vi D.
1.3 Chn: C
Hng dn: Khi nhim in do hng ng, electron ch dch chuyn t u ny
sang u kia ca vt b nhim in.
1.4 Chn: C
Hng dn: Cng thc tnh lc Culng l:
2
2 1
r
q q
k F
Nh vy lc tng tc gia hai in tch im t l nghch vi bnh phng
khong cch gia hai in tch.
1.5 Chn: D
Hng dn: Mt mol kh hir iu kin tiu chun c th tch l 22,4 (lit).
Mi phn t H
2
li c 2 nguyn t, mi nguyn t hir gm 1 prton v 1
lectron. in tch ca prton l +1,6.10
-19
(C), in tch ca lectron l
-1,6.10
-19
(C). T ta tnh c tng in tch dng trong 1 (cm
3
) kh hir
l 8,6 (C) v tng in tch m l - 8,6 (C).
1.6 Chn: C
Hng dn: p dng cng thc
2
2 1
r
q q
k F vi q
1
= +1,6.10
-19
(C), q
2
= -1,6.10
-19
(C) v r = 5.10
-9
(cm) = 5.10
-11
(m) ta c F = = 9,216.10
-8
(N).
1.7 Chn: C
2
2 1
r
q q
k F , vi q
1
= q
2
= q, r = 2 (cm) = 2.10
-2
(m)
v
F = 1,6.10
-4
(N). Ta tnh c q
1
= q
2
= 2,67.10
-9
(C).
1.8 Chn: B
2
2 1
r
q q
k F , khi r = r
1
= 2 (cm) th
2
1
2 1
1
r
q q
k F

khi r = r
2
th
2
2
2 1
2
r
q q
k F
ta suy ra
2
1
2
2
2
1
r
r
F
F
, vi F
1
= 1,6.10
-4
(N), F
2
= 2,5.10
-4
(N) ,t ta tnh c r
2
= 1,6 (cm).
1.9 Chn: A
Hng dn: Hai in tch tri du nn chng ht nhau. p dng cng thc
2
2 1
r
q q
k F
, vi q
1
= +3 (C) = + 3.10
-6
(C) v q
2
= -3 (C) = - 3.10
-6
(C), = 2 v r
= 3 (cm). Ta c lc tng tc gia hai in tch c ln F = 45 (N).
1.10 Chn: D
Hng dn: Hai in tch im y nhau do chng cng du.
p dng cng thc
2
2
2
2 1
r
q
k
r
q q
k F
, vi = 81, r = 3 (cm) v F = 0,2.10

-5
(N).
Ta suy ra q = 4,025.10
-3
(C).
16
1.11 Chn: D
2
2 1
r
q q
k F , vi q
1
= 10
-7
(C), q
2
= 4.10
-7
(C) v F =
0,1 (N) Suy ra khong cch gia chng l r = 0,06 (m) = 6 (cm).
1.12 Chn: B
Hng dn:
- Lc do q
1
tc dng ln q
3
l
2
13
3 1
13
r
q q
k F
vi q
1
= + 2.10
-6
(C), q
3
= + 2.10
-6
(C),
khong cch gia in tch q
1
v q
3
l r
13
= 5 (cm), ta suy ra F
13
= 14,4 (N), c
hng t q
1
ti q
3
.
- Lc do q
2
tc dng ln q
3
l
2
23
3 2
23
r
q q
k F
vi q
2
= - 2.10
-6
(C), q
3
= + 2.10
-6
(C),
khong cch gia in tch q
2
v q
3
l r
23
= 5 (cm), ta suy ra F
23
= 14,4 (N), c
hng t q
3
ti q
2
.
- Lc tng hp
23 13
F F F + vi F
13
= F
23
ta suy ra F = 2.F
13
.cos vi cos = 3/5 = 0,6
=> F = 17,28 (N)
2. Thuyt Electron. nh lut bo ton in tch
1.13 Chn: D
Hng dn: Theo thuyt lectron th lectron l ht c mang in tch q =
-1,6.10
-19
(C), c khi lng m = 9,1.10
-31
(kg). Nguyn t c th mt hoc nhn
thm lectron tr thnh ion. Nh vy n ni lectron khng th chuyn
ng t vt ny sang vt khc l khng ng.
1.14 Chn: C
Hng dn: Theo thuyt lectron, mt vt nhim in dng l vt thiu
lectron, mt vt nhim in m l vt tha lectron, mt vt nhim in
m l vt nhn thm lectron. Nh vy pht biu mt vt nhim in d-
ng l vt nhn thm cc ion dng l khng ng.
1.15 Chn: C
Hng dn: Theo nh ngha: Vt dn in l vt c cha nhiu in tch t
do. Vt cch in (in mi) l vt c cha rt t in tch t do. Nh vy
pht biu Vt dn in l vt c cha rt t in tch t do l khng ng.
1.16 Chn: D
Hng dn: Theo thuyt lectron: Trong qu trnh nhim in do c st,
lectron chuyn t vt ny sang vt kia. Trong qu trnh nhim in do h-
ng ng, lectron ch chuyn t u ny sang u kia ca vt cn vt b
nhim in vn trung ho in. Khi cho mt vt nhim in dng tip xc
vi mt vt cha nhim in, th lectron chuyn t vt cha nhim in sang
vt nhim in dng. Nh vy pht biu Khi cho mt vt nhim in dng
tip xc vi mt vt cha nhim in, th in tch dng chuyn t vt vt
nhim in dng sang cha nhim in l khng ng.
1.17 Chn: B
Hng dn: Khi a mt qu cu kim loi A khng nhim in li gn mt qu
cu B nhim in th hai qu cu ht nhau. Thc ra khi a qu cu A khng
tch in li gn qu cu B tch in th qu cu A s b nhim in do h-
17
ng ng phn in tch tri du vi qu cu B nm gn qu cu B hn so vi
phn tch in cng du. Tc l qu cu B va y li va ht qu cu A, nh-
ng lc ht ln hn lc y nn kt qu l qu cu B ht qu cu A.
1.18 Chn: D
Hng dn: Theo thuyt lectron th: Trong vt dn in c rt nhiu in
tch t do. Trong in mi c rt t in tch t do. Xt v ton b th mt
vt nhim in do hng ng vn l mt vt trung ho in. Cn nhim in
do tip xc th lectron chuyn t vt y sang vt kia dn n vt ny tha
hoc thiu lectron. Nn pht biu Xt v ton b th mt vt nhim in
do tip xc vn l mt vt trung ho in l khng ng.
3. in trng
1.19 Chn: C
Hng dn: Theo nh ngha v in trng: in trng tnh l do cc ht
mang in ng yn sinh ra. Tnh cht c bn ca in trng l n tc dng
lc in ln in tch t trong n. Theo quy c v chiu ca vect cng
in trng: Vct cng in trng ti mt im lun cng phng,
cng chiu vi vect lc in tc dng ln mt in tch dng t ti im
trong in trng. Nu pht biu Vct cng in trng ti mt
im lun cng phng, cng chiu vi vect lc in tc dng ln mt in
tch t ti im trong in trng l khng ng v c th y l
in tch m.
1.20 Chn: A
Hng dn: t mt in tch dng, khi lng nh vo mt in trng u ri
th nh. Di tc dng ca lc in lm in tch dng s chuyn ng dc
theo chiu ca ng sc in trng. in tch m chuyn ng ngc chiu
ng sc in trng.
1.21 Chn: B
Hng dn: Xem hng dn cu 1.20
1.22 Chn: D
Hng dn: Theo tnh cht ca ng sc in: Ti mt im trong in tng
ta c th v c mt ng sc i qua. Cc ng sc l cc ng cong khng
kn. Cc ng sc khng bao gi ct nhau. Cc ng sc in xut pht t
in tch dng hoc v cc v kt thc in tch m hoc v cc.
Nn pht biu Cc ng sc in lun xut pht t in tch dng v kt
thc in tch m l khng ng.
1.23 Chn: B
Hng dn: Xem hn dn cu 1.22
1.24 Chn: B
Hng dn: in tch Q < 0 nn ln ca cng in trng l
2
9
10 . 9
r
Q
E .
1.25 Chn: C
E
F
q
q
F
E
vi E = 0,16 (V/m) v F = 2.10
-4
(N).
Suy ra ln in tch l q = 8.10
-6
(C) = 8 (C).
1.26 Chn: C
18
2
9
r
Q
10 . 9 E vi Q = 5.10
-9
(C), r = 10 (cm) = 0,1
(m). Suy ra E = 4500 (V/m).
1.27 Chn: D
Hng dn: Khong cch t tm ca tam gic u cnh a n mi nh ca
tam gic l
3
a
.
- Cng in trng do mi in tch Q gy ra ti tm ca tam gic c
ln bng nhau l
2 3 2 1
r
Q
k E E E , vi r =
3
a
. Hng ca mi vect cng
in trng hng ra xa mi in tch.
- Cng in trng tng hp ti tm ca tam gic u l
0 E E E E 3 2 1 + +
1.28 Chn: B
Hng dn:
- im M nm trn ng thng ni hai in tch v cch u hai in tch,
im cch mi in tch mt khong r = 5 (cm) = 0,05 (m).
- Cng in trng do in tch q
1
= 5.10
-9
(C) gy ra ti M c ln
2
1 9
1
r
q
10 . 9 E = 18000 (V/m), c hng ra xa in tch q
1
.
2
= - 5.10
-9
(C) gy ra ti M c ln
2
2 9
2
r
q
10 . 9 E = 18000 (V/m), c hng v pha q
2
tc l ra xa in tch q
1
. Suy
ra hai vect
1 E
v
2 E
cng hng.
- Cng in trng tng hp ti im M l
2 1 E E E +
do
1 E
v
2 E
cng hng
nn E = E
1
+ E
2
= 36000 (V/m).
1.29 Chn: A
Hng dn:
1
= 5.10
-16
(C) nm ti B gy ra ti A c
ln
2
1 9
1
r
q
10 . 9 E = 7,03.10
-4
(V/m), c hng t B ti A.
2
= 5.10
-16
(C) nm ti C gy ra ti A c
ln
2
2 9
2
r
q
10 . 9 E = 7,03.10
-4
(V/m), c hng t C ti A.
- Cng in trng tng hp ti im A l
2 1 E E E +
, do
1 E
v
2 E
hp vi
nhau mt gc 60
0
v E
1
= E
2
nn E = 2.E
1
.cos30
0
= 1,2178.10
-3
(V/m).
1.30 Chn: A
Hng dn:
- im M nm trn ng thng ni hai in tch v cch q
1
mt khong r
1
= 5
(cm) = 0.05 (m); cch q
2
mt khong r
2
= 15 (cm) = 0,15 (m). im M nm
ngoi khong q
1
q
2
.
1
= 5.10
-9
(C) gy ra ti M c ln
2
1
1 9
1
r
q
10 . 9 E
= 18000 (V/m), c hng ra xa in tch q
1
.
19
2
= - 5.10
-9
(C) gy ra ti M c ln
2
2
2 9
2
r
q
10 . 9 E
= 2000 (V/m), c hng v pha q
2
. Suy ra hai vect
1 E
v
2 E
ng-
c hng.
2 1 E E E +
do
1 E
v
2 E
ngc hng
nn E = E
1
- E
2
= 16000 (V/m).
1.31 Chn: D
Hng dn:
1
= 5.10
-16
(C) nm ti B gy ra ti A c
ln
2
1 9
1
r
q
10 . 9 E = 7,03.10
-4
(V/m), c hng t B ti A.
2
= - 5.10
-16
(C) nm ti C gy ra ti A c
ln
2
2 9
2
r
q
10 . 9 E = 7,03.10
-4
(V/m), c hng t A ti C.
- Cng in trng tng hp ti im A l
2 1 E E E +
, do
1 E
v
2 E
hp vi
nhau mt gc 120
0
v E
1
= E
2
nn E = E
1
= E
2
= 7,03.10
-4
(V/m).
4. Cng ca lc in. Hiu in th
1.32 Chn: C
Hng dn: Cng thc xc nh cng ca lc in trng lm dch chuyn
in tch q trong in trng u E l A = qEd, trong d l di i s
ca on t hnh chiu im u n hnh chiu im cui ln mt -
ng sc, tnh theo chiu ng sc in.
1.33 Chn: C
Hng dn: Hiu in th gia hai im trong in trng l i lng c tr-
ng cho in trng v kh nng thc hin cng khi in tch dch chuyn
gia hai im . Nn pht biu Hiu in th gia hai im trong in
trng l i lng c trng cho in trng tc dng lc mnh hay yu khi t
in tch th ti hai im l khng ng. i lng c trng cho in tr-
ng v phng din tc dng lc l cng in trng.
1.34 Chn: B
Hng dn: Theo nh ngha hiu in th gia hai im M v N l U
MN
= V
M
V
N
ta suy ra U
NM
= V
N
V
M
nh vy U
MN
= - U
NM
.
1.35 Chn: D
Hng dn: Hai im M v N nm trn cng mt ng sc ca mt in trng
u c cng E, hiu in th gia M v N l U
MN
, khong cch MN = d.
Cc cng thc U
MN
= V
M
V
N
, U
MN
= E.d, A
MN
= q.U
MN
u l cc cng thc
ng.
1.36 Chn: D
Hng dn: Cng ca lc in trng khng ph thuc vo hnh dng ng i
m ch ph thuc vo hnh chiu im u v im cui ln mt ng
sc in. Do vi mt ng cong kn th im u v im cui trng
nhau, nn cng ca lc in trng trong trng hp ny bng khng.
20
Mt in tch q chuyn ng trong in trng khng u theo mt ng
cong kn. Gi cng ca lc in trong chuyn ng l A th A = 0 trong
mi trng hp.
1.37 Chn: C
Hng dn: p dng cng thc A = qEd vi d = 2 (cm) = 0,02 (m), q = 5.10
-10
(C)
v A = 2.10
-9
(J). Ta suy ra E = 200 (V/m).
1.38 Chn: B
Hng dn:
- Lc in trng tc dng ln lectron l F =
e
.E trong E = 100 (V/m)v e
= - 1,6.10
-19
(C).
- Chuyn ng ca lectron l chuyn ng chm dn u vi gia tc l a = -
F/m, m = 9,1.10
-31
(kg).
Vn tc ban u ca lectron l v
0
= 300 (km/s) = 3.10
5
(m/s). T lc bt u
chuyn ng n lc vn tc ca lectron bng khng (v = 0) th lectron
chuyn ng c qung ng l S c v
2
v
0
2
= 2aS, t tnh c S =
2,56.10
-3
(m) = 2,56 (mm).
1.39 Chn: A
Hng dn: p dng cng thc A
MN
= qU
MN
vi U
MN
= 1 (V), q = - 1 (C) t tnh
c A
MN
= - 1 (J). Du (-) chng t cng ca in trng l cng cn, lm in
tch chuyn ng chm dn.
1.40 Chn: B
Hng dn: Khi qu cu nm l lng gia hai tm kim loi song song nm ngang
nhim in tri du, th qu cu chu tc dng ca 2 lc: Trng lc P = mg
hng xung di, lc in F = qE hng ln trn. Hai lc ny cn bng nhau,
chng c cng ln P = F mg = qE, vi m = 3,06.10
-15
(kg),q = 4,8.10
-18
(C)
v g = 10 (m/s
2
) ta tnh c E. p dng cng thc U = Ed vi E tnh c trn
v d = 2 (cm) = 0,20 (m) ta tnh c U = 127,5 (V).
1.41 Chn: C
Hng dn: p dng cng thc A = qU vi U = 2000 (V) l A = 1 (J). ln ca
in tch l q = 5.10
-4
(C).
1.42 Chn: D
Hng dn: Nng lng m in tch thu c l do in trng thc hin cng,
phn nng lng m in tch thu c bng cng ca in trng thc hin suy
ra A = W = 0,2 (mJ) = 2.10
-4
(J). p dng cng thc A = qU vi q = 1 (C) = 10
-6
(C) ta tnh c U = 200 (V).
5. Bi tp v lc Cu lng v in trng
1.43 Chn: A
Hng dn:
- Lc in do q
1
= 2 (nC) = 2.10
-9
(C) v q
2
= 0,018 (C) = 18.10
-9
(C) tc dng
ln in tch q
0
t ti im l F = q
0
.E = 0, suy ra cng in trng ti
im M l E = 0.
- Cng in trng do q
1
v q
2
gy ra ti M ln lt l
1 E
v
2 E
.
- Cng in trng tng hp ti M l
2 1 E E E +
= 0, suy ra hai vect
1 E
v
2 E
phi cng phng, ngc chiu, ln bng nhau E
1
= E
2
, im M tho mn
iu kin ca E
1
v E
2
th M phi nm trn ng thng i qua hai in
21
tch q
1
v q
2
, do q
1
v q
2
cng du nn M nmg trong khong gia q
1
v q
2
suy
ra r
1
+ r
2
= 10 (cm).
- T E
1
= E
2
ta c
2
2
2
2
1
1
2
2
2
2
1
1
r
q
r
q
r
q
. k
r
q
. k
m r
1
+ r
2
= 10 (cm) t ta tnh c r
1
= 2,5 (cm) v r
2
= 7,5 (cm).
1.44 Chn: C
Hng dn: Tam gic ABM l tam gic u cnh a = 30 (cm) = 0,3 (m).
- Cng in trng do q
1
= 2.10
-2
(C) = 2.10
-8
(C) t ti A, gy ra ti M l
2
1 9
1
a
q
10 . 9 E = 2000 (V/m), c hng t A ti M.
- Cng in trng do q
2
= - 2.10
-2
(C) = - 2.10
-8
(C) t ti B, gy ra ti M
l
2
1 9
2
a
q
10 . 9 E = 2000 (V/m), c hng t M ti B. Suy ra hai vect
1 E
v
2 E
hp
vi nhau mt gc 120
0
.
2 1 E E E +
, do
1 E
v
2 E
hp vi
nhau mt gc 120
0
v E
1
= E
2
nn E = E
1
= E
2
= 2000 (V/m).
- Lc in tc dng ln in tch q
0
= 2.10
-9
(C) t ti im M c hng song
song vi AB v ln l F = q
0
.E = 4.10
-6
(N).
1.45 Chn: C
Hng dn: Hai in tch im q
1
= 0,5 (nC) = 5.10
-10
(C) v q
2
= - 0,5 (nC) =
-5.10
-10
(C) t ti hai im A, B cch nhau 6 (cm) trong khng kh. Xt im
M l trung im ca AB, ta c AM = BM = r = 3 (cm) = 0,03 (m).
- Cng in trng do q
1
= 5.10
-10
2
1 9
1
r
q
10 . 9 E = 5000 (V/m), c hng t A ti M.
- Cng in trng do q
2
= - 5.10
-10
(C) t ti B, gy ra ti M l
2
1 9
2
r
q
1 E
v
2 E
cng
hng.
2 1 E E E +
, do
1 E
v
2 E
cng h-
ng nn E = E
1
+ E
2
= 10000 (V/m).
1.46 Chn: D
Hng dn: Hai in tch im q
1
= 0,5 (nC) = 5.10
-10
(C) v q
2
= - 0,5 (nC) =
-5.10
-10
(C) t ti hai im A, B cch nhau 6 (cm) trong khng kh. Xt im
M nm trn ng trung trc ca AB cch trung im ca AB mt khong 4
(cm), ta c AM = BM = r = 5 (cm) = 0,05 (m).
- Cng in trng do q
1
= 5.10
-10
2
1 9
1
r
q
10 . 9 E = 1800 (V/m), c hng t A ti M.
- Cng in trng do q
2
= - 5.10
-10
(C) t ti B, gy ra ti M l
2
1 9
2
r
q
10 . 9 E = 1800 (V/m), c hng t M ti B.
2 1 E E E +
, do
1 E
v
2 E
hp vi
nhau mt gc 2. v E
1
= E
2
nn E = 2E
1
.cos, vi cos = 3/5, suy ra E = 2160
(V/m).
22
1.47 Chn: D
Hng dn: Khi lectron bay vo in trng vi vn tc ban u v
0
vung gc vi
cc ng sc in trng khi lectron ch chu tc dng ca lc in
khng i c hng vung gc vi vect v
0
, chuyn ng ca lectron tng t
chuyn ng ca mt vt b nm ngang trong trng trng lc. Qu o ca
lectron l mt phn ca ng parabol.
1.48 Chn: A
Hng dn: Khi lectron c th vo in trng u khng vn tc ban u, d-
i tc dng ca lc in nn lectron chuyn ng theo mt ng thng song
song vi cc ng sc in trng v ngc chiu in trng.
1.49 Chn: B
Hng dn: p dng cng thc E
M
= F/q vi q = 10
-7
(C) v F = 3.10
-3
(N). Ta c
E
M
= 3.10
4
(V/m).
1.50 Chn: C
2
r
Q
. k E vi r = 30 (cm) = 0,3 (m), E = 30000
(V/m). Suy ra ln in tch Q l Q = 3.10
-7
(C).
1.51 Chn: D
Hng dn: Tam gic ABM l tam gic u cnh a = 30 (cm) = 0,3 (m).
- Cng in trng do q
1
= 2.10
-2
(C) = 2.10
-8
2
1 9
1
a
q
10 . 9 E = 2000 (V/m), c hng t A ti M.
- Cng in trng do q
2
= - 2.10
-2
(C) = - 2.10
-8
(C) t ti B, gy ra ti M
l
2
1 9
2
a
q
1 E
v
2 E
hp
vi nhau mt gc 120
0
.
2 1 E E E +
, do
1 E
v
2 E
hp vi
nhau mt gc 120
0
v E
1
= E
2
nn E = E
1
= E
2
= 2000 (V/m).
6. Vt dn v in mi trong in trng
1.52 Chn: D
Hng dn: Cc pht biu sau l ng:
- Cng in trng trong vt dn bng khng.
- Vect cng in trng b mt vt dn lun vung gc vi b mt vt
dn.
- in tch ca vt dn ch phn b trn b mt vt dn.
Pht biu: in tch ca vt dn lun phn b u trn b mt vt dn l
khng ng, v in tch phn b trn b mt vt dn nu l vt hnh
cu th in tch phn b u, cn cc vt khc in tch c tp trung
ch yu nhng ch mi nhn.
1.53 Chn: B
23
Hng dn: Gi s ngi ta lm cho mt s lectron t do t mt ming st vn
trung ho in di chuyn sang vt khc. Khi b mt ming st thiu
lectron nn nhim in dng.
1.54 Chn: C
Hng dn: Khi a mt vt nhim in li gn mt qu cu bc (in mi) th
qu cu bc bao gi qu cu bc cng b nhim in do hng ng v b ht
v pha vt nhim in.
1.55 Chn: B
Hng dn: Vi vt dn cn bng in th in tch ch phn b trn b
mt vt dn. Do mt qu cu nhm rng c nhim in th in tch
ca qu cu ch phn b mt ngoi ca qu cu.
1.56 Chn: D
Hng dn: in tch mt ngoi ca mt qu cu kim loi nhim in c
phn b nh nhau mi im.
1.57 Chn: A
Hng dn: Vi vt dn cn bng in th in tch ch phn b trn b
mt vt dn. Do qu cu c hay rng th s phn b in tch trn
b mt l nh nhau.
Hai qu cu bng kim loi c bn knh nh nhau, mang in tch cng du. Mt
qu cu c, mt qu cu rng. Ta cho hai qu cu tip xc vi nhau th
in tch ca hai qu cu bng nhau.
1.58 Chn: D
Hng dn: a mt ci a nhim in li gn nhng mu giy nh, ta thy
mu giy b ht v pha a. Sau khi chm vo a th mu giy nhim
in cng du vi a (nhim in do tip xc) nn li b a y ra.
7. T in
1.59 Chn: D
Hng dn: Hiu in th gii hn l hiu in th ln nht t vo hai bn t
in m lp in mi ca t in vn cha b nh thng.
1.60 Chn: C
Hng dn: in dung ca t in ph thuc vo hnh dng, kch thc, khong
cch gia hai bn t v cht in mi gia hai bn t. Khng ph thuc vo
bn cht ca hai bn t.
1.61 Chn: B
Hng dn: Cng thc tnh in dung ca t in phng
d 4 . 10 . 9
S
C
9
.
1.62 Chn: C
Hng dn: p dng cng thc tnh in dung ca t in phng
d 4 . 10 . 9
S
C
9
ta thy: Mt t in phng, gi nguyn din tch i din gia

hai bn t, tng khong cch gia hai bn t ln hai ln th in dung ca t
in gim i hai ln.
1.63 Chn: B
Hng dn: p dng cng thc tnh in dung ca b t in gm n t in
ging nhau mc ni tip C
b
= C/n
24
1.64 Chn: A
Hng dn: p dng cng thc tnh in dung ca b t in gm n t in
ging nhau mc song song C
b
= n.C
1.65 Chn: C
Hng dn: p dng cng thc tnh in tch ca t in q = C.U vi C = 500
(pF) = 5.10
-10
(F) v U= 100 (V). in tch ca t in l q = 5.10
-8
(C) = 5.10
-2
(C).
1.66 Chn: A
Hng dn: p dng cng thc tnh in dung ca t in phng
d 4 . 10 . 9
S
C
9
,vi khng kh c = 1, din tch S = R

2
, R = 3 (cm) = 0,03 (m),
d = 2 (cm) = 0,02 (m). in dung ca t in l C = 1,25.10
-12
(F) = 1,25
(pF).
1.67 Chn: B
Hng dn: p dng cng thc U
max
= E
max
.d vi d = 2 (cm) = 0,02 (m) v E
max
=
3.10
5
(V/m). Hu in th ln nht c th t vo hai bn cc ca t in l
U
max
= 6000 (V).
1.68 Chn: C
Hng dn: Mt t in phng c mc vo hai cc ca mt ngun in c
hiu in th 50 (V). Ngt t in ra khi ngun ri ko cho khong cch
gia hai bn t tng gp hai ln th in tch ca t in khng thay i
cn in dung ca t in gim i 2 ln.
1.69 Chn: A
1.70 Chn: B
Hng dn: Mt t in phng c mc vo hai cc ca mt ngun in c
hiu in th 50 (V). Ngt t in ra khi ngun ri ko cho khong cch
gia hai bn t tng gp hai ln th in tch ca t in khng thay i
cn in dung ca t in gim i 2 ln, suy ra hiu in th gia hai bn
t tng ln 2 ln: U = 100 (V).
1.71 Chn: B
Hng dn:
- Xt t in C
1
= 0,4 (F) = 4.10
-7
(C) c tch in q = 3.10
-5
(C) ta suy ra U
= q/C = 75 (V).
- Xt t in C
2
= 0,6 (F) = 6.10
-7
(C) c tch in q = 3.10
-5
(C) ta suy ra
U = q/C = 50 (V).
- Theo bi ra U < 60 (V) suy ra hiu in th U = 50 (V) tho mn. Vy hiu
in th ca ngun in l U = 50 (V).
1.72 Chn: A
Hng dn: p dng cng thc tnh in dung ca b t in mc ni tip:
n 2 1
C
1
.....
C
1
C
1
C
1
+ +
1.73 Chn: D
Hng dn: p dng cng thc tnh in dung ca b t in mc song song:
C = C
1
+ C
2
+ ......+ C
n
25
1.74 Chn: D
Hng dn:
- ip dung ca b t in l C
b
= 12 (F) = 12.10
-6
(F).
- in tch ca b t in l Q
b
= C
b
.U, vi U = 60 (V). Suy ra Q
b
= 7,2.10
-4
(C).
1.75 Chn: D
Hng dn:
- Xem hng dn cu 1.74
- Cc t in mc ni tip vi nhau th in tch ca b t in bng in
tch ca mi th thnh phn: Q
b
= Q
1
= Q
2
= ......= Q
n
. Nn in tch ca mi
t in l Q
1
= 7,2.10
-4
(C) v Q
2
= 7,2.10
-4
(C).
1.76 Chn: C
Hng dn:
- Xem hng dn cu 1.74 v 1.75
- p dng cng thc tnh in tch ca t in Q = CU, vi Q
1
= Q
2
= 7,2.10
-4
(C). Ta tnh c U
1
= 45 (V) v U
2
= 15 (V).
1.77 Chn: A
Hng dn: B t in gm cc t in mc song song th hiu in th c
xc nh: U = U
1
= U
2
.
1.78 Chn: B
Hng dn:
- B t in gm cc t in mc song song th hiu in th c xc
nh: U
1
= U
2
= U = 60 (V)
- in tch ca mi t in l Q = CU, suy ra Q
1
= 1,2.10
-3
(C) v Q
2
= 1,8.10
-3
(C).
8. Nng lng in trng
1.79 Chn: D
Hng dn: Nng lng trong t in l nng lng in trng. Sau khi np in,
t in c nng lng, nng lng l nng lng ca in trng trong t in.
1.80 Chn: B
Hng dn: Mt t in c in dung C, c np in n hiu in th U,
in tch ca t l Q. Cng thc xc nh nng lng ca t in l W =
C
Q
2
1
2
=
2
CU
2
1
=
QU
2
1
1.81 Chn: D
Hng dn: Cng thc xc nh mt nng lng in trng l w =
8 . 10 . 9
E
9
2
1.82 Chn: C
Hng dn: Khi t in phng ht in th nng lng ca t in chuyn
hon ton thnh nhit nng. Nhit lng to ra trong lp in mi bng nng l-
ng ca t in: W =
2
CU
2
1
, vi C = 6 (F) = 6.10
-6
(C) v U = 100 (V) ta tnh
c W = 0,03 (J) = 30 (mJ).
26
1.83 Chn: A
Hng dn:
- Mt t in c in dung C = 5 (F) = 5.10
-6
(C) c tch in, in tch
ca t in l q = 10
-3
(C). Hiu in th gia hai bn cc ca t in l U
= q/C = 200 (V).
- B acquy sut in ng E = 80 (V), nn khi ni t in vi b acquy sao
cho bn in tch dng ni vi cc dng, bn in tch m ni vi cc m
ca b acquy, th t in s np in cho acquy. Sau khi cn bng in
th hiu in th gia hai bn t bng sut in ng ca acquy. Phn
nng lng m acquy nhn c bng phn nng lng m t in b gim W
=
2
CU
2
1
-
C
2
1
E
2
= 84.10
-3
(J) = 84 (mJ).
1.84 Chn: B
Hng dn:
Mt nng lng in trng trong t in w =
2 9
2
9
2
d . 8 . 10 . 9
U
8 . 10 . 9
E
vi = 1, U
= 200 (V) v d = 4 (mm), suy ra w = 11,05.10
-3
(J/m
3
) = 11,05 (mJ/m
3
).
9. Bi tp v t in
1.85 Chn: A
Hng dn: p dng cc cng thc:
- in dung ca t in phng:
d 4 . 10 . 9
S
C
9
, vi S = .R
2
.
- Mi lin h gia hiu in th v cng in trng: U = E.d
- in tch ca t in: q = CU.
1.86 Chn: B
Hng dn: Khi ni hai bn mang in tch cng tn ca hai t in vi nhau
th in tch ca b t in bng tng in tch ca hai t in: q
b
= q
1
+ q
2
= C
1
U
1
+ C
2
U
2
= 13.10
-4
(C). in dung ca b t in l C
b
= C
1
+ C
2
= 5
(F) = 5.10
-6
(C). Mt khc ta c q
b
= C
b
.U
b
suy ra U
b
= q
b
/C
b
= 260 (V).
1.87 Chn: C
Hng dn:
- Nng lng ca mi t in trc khi ni chng vi nhau ln lt l: W
1
=
2
1 1
U C
2
1
=
0,135 (J) v W
2
=
2
2 2
U C
2
1
= 0,04 (J).
- Xem hng dn cu 1.86
- Nng lng ca b t in sau khi ni vi nhau l: W
b
=
2
b b
U C
2
1
= 0,169 (J).
- Nhit lng to ra khi ni hai t in vi nhau l W = W
1
+ W
2
W
b
= 6.10
-3
(J)
= 6 (mJ).
1.88 Chn: D
Hng dn:
- Trc khi mt t in b nh thng, nng lng ca b t in l W
b1
=
2
1 b
U C
2
1
=
2
U
10
C
.
2
1
= 9.10
-3
(J).
27
- Sau khi mt t in b nh thng, b t in cn 9 t in ghp ni tip
vi nhau, nng lng ca b t in l W
b2
=
2
2 b
U C
2
1
=
2
U
1 10
C
.
2
1
= 10.10
-3
(J).
- bin thin nng lng ca b t in sau khi c mt t in b nh thng
l W = 10
-3
(J) = 1 (mJ).
1.89 Chn: A
Hng dn:
- Mt t in phng c in dung C, c mc vo mt ngun in, sau
c hng s in mi . Khi t in c lp v in nn in tch ca t
in khng thay i.
- in dung ca t in c tnh theo cng thc:
d 4 . 10 . 9
S
C
9
nn in dung
ca t in tng ln ln.
- Hiu in th gia hai bn cc ca t in c tnh theo cng thc: U =
q/C vi q = hng s, C tng ln suy ra hiu in th gim i ln.
1.90 Chn: B
1.91 Chn: C
Chng II. Dng in khng i
1. Dng in
- Dng in l dng dch chuyn c hng ca cc ht ti in, c chiu quy c l
chiu chuyn ng ca cc ht in tch dng. Tc dng c trng ca dng
in l tc dng t. Ngoi ra dng in cn c th c cc tc dng nhit, ho v
mt s tc dng khc.
- Cng dng in l i lng c trng nh lng cho tc dng ca dng
in. i vi dng in khng i th
t
q
I
2. Ngun in
Ngun in l thit b to ra v duy tr hiu in th nhm duy tr dng
in. Sut in ng ca ngun in c xc nh bng thng s gia cng
ca lc l lm dch chuyn i tch dng q bn trong ngun in v ln ca
in tch q .
E =
q
A
My thu in chuyn ho mt phn in nng tiu th thnh cc dng nng lng
khc c ch, ngoi nhit. Khi ngun in ang np in, n l my thu in vi
sut phn in c tr s bng sut in ng ca ngun in.
3. nh lut m
28
- nh lut m vi mt in tr thun:
R
U
I
AB
hay U
AB
= V
A
V
B
= IR
Tch ir gi l gim in th trn in tr R. c trng vn ampe ca in
tr thun c th l on thng qua gc to .
- nh lut m cho ton mch
E = I(R + r) hay
r R
I
+
E
- nh lut m cho on mch cha ngun in:
U
AB
= V
A
V
B
= E + Ir, hay
r
I
AB
U +
E
(dng in chy t A n B, qua ngun t cc m sang cc dng)
- nh lut m cho on mch cha my thu
U
AB
= V
A
V
B
= Ir + E
p
, hay
' r
U
I
p AB
E -
(dng in chy t A n B, qua my thu t cc dng sang cc m)

4. Mc ngun in thnh b
- Mc ni tip:
E
b
= E
1
+ E
2
+ ...+ E
n
r
b
= r
1
+ r
2
+ ... + r
n
Trong trng hp mc xung i: Nu E
1
> E
2
th
E
b
= E
1
- E
2
r
b
= r
1
+ r
2
v dng in i ra t cc dng ca E
1.
- Mc song song: (n ngun ging nhau)
E
b
= E

v r
b
=
n
r
4. in nng v cng sut in. nh lut Jun Lenx
- Cng v cng sut ca dng in on mch (in nng v cng sut in
on mch)
A = UIt; P = UI
- nh lut Jun Lenx:
Q = RI
2
t
- Cng v cng sut ca ngun in:
A = EIt; P = EI
- Cng sut ca dng c tiu th in:
Vi dng c to nhit: P = UI = RI
2
=
R
U
2
Vi my thu in: P = EI + rI
2
(P
/
= EI l phn cng sut m my thu in chuyn ho thnh dng nng lng c
ch, khng phi l nhit)
- n v cng (in nng) v nhit lng l jun (J), n v ca cng sut l ot
(W).
29
II. Cu hi v bi tp
10. Dng in khng i. Ngun in
A. Dng in l dng cc in tch dch chuyn c hng.
B. Cng dng in l i lng c trng cho tc dng mnh, yu ca dng
in v c o bng in lng chuyn qua tit din thng ca vt dn
trong mt n v thi gian.
C. Chiu ca dng in c quy c l chiu chuyn dch ca cc in tch d-
ng.
D. Chiu ca dng in c quy c l chiu chuyn dch ca cc in tch
m.
A. Dng in c tc dng t. V d: nam chm in.
B. Dng in c tc dng nhit. V d: bn l in.
C. Dng in c tc dng ho hc. V d: acquy nng ln khi np in.
D. Dng in c tc dng sinh l. V d: hin tng in git.
A. Ngun in l thit b to ra v duy tr hiu in th nhm duy tr
dng in trong mch. Trong ngun in di tc dng ca lc l cc in tch
dng dch chuyn t cc dng sang cc m.
B. Sut in ng ca ngun in l i lng c trng cho kh nng sinh
cng ca ngun in v c o bng thng s gia cng ca lc l thc hin
khi lm dch chuyn mt in tch dng q bn trong ngun in t cc m
n cc dng v ln ca in tch q .
C. Sut in ng ca ngun in l i lng c trng cho kh nng sinh
khi lm dch chuyn mt in tch m q bn trong ngun in t cc m
D. Sut in ng ca ngun in l i lng c trng cho kh nng sinh
khi lm dch chuyn mt in tch dng q bn trong ngun in t cc d-
ng n cc m v ln ca in tch q .
2.4 in tch ca lectron l - 1,6.10
-19
(C), in lng chuyn qua tit din
thng ca dy dn trong 30 (s) l 15 (C). S lectron chuyn qua tit din
thng ca dy dn trong thi gian mt giy l
A. 3,125.10
18
. B. 9,375.10
19
. C. 7,895.10
19
. D.
2,632.10
18
.
2.5 th m t nh lut m l:
30
I
o
U
A
I
o
U
B
I
o
U
C
I
o
U
D
2.6 Sut in ng ca ngun in c trng cho
A. kh nng tch in cho hai cc ca n.
B. kh nng d tr in tch ca ngun in.
C. kh nng thc hin cng ca ngun in.
D. kh nng tc dng lc ca ngun in.
2.7 on mch gm in tr R
1
= 100 () mc ni tip vi in tr R
2
= 300 (),
in tr ton mch l:
A. R
TM
= 200 (). B. R
TM
= 300 (). C. R
TM
= 400 (). D. R
TM
= 500 ().
2.8 Cho on mch gm in tr R
1
= 100 (), mc ni tip vi in tr R
2
=
200 (), hiu in th gia hai u on mch l 12 (V). Hiu in th gia
hai u in tr R
1
l
A. U
1
= 1 (V). B. U
1
= 4 (V). C. U
1
= 6 (V). D. U
1
= 8 (V).
2.9 on mch gm in tr R
1
= 100 () mc song song vi in tr R
2
= 300
(), in tr ton mch l:
A. R
TM
= 75 (). B. R
TM
= 100 (). C. R
TM
= 150 (). D. R
TM
= 400 ().
2.10 Cho on mch gm in tr R
1
= 100 (), mc ni tip vi in tr R
2
=
200 (). t vo hai u on mch mt hiu in th U khi hiu in
th gia hai u in tr R
1
l 6 (V). Hiu in th gia hai u on mch
l:
A. U = 12 (V). B. U = 6 (V). C. U = 18 (V). D. U =
24 (V).
11. Pin v cquy
A. Trong ngun in ho hc (pin, cquy), c s chuyn ho t ni nng thnh
in nng.
B. Trong ngun in ho hc (pin, cquy), c s chuyn ho t c nng thnh
in nng.
C. Trong ngun in ho hc (pin, cquy), c s chuyn ho t ho nng thnh
in nng.
D. Trong ngun in ho hc (pin, cquy), c s chuyn ho t quang nng
thnh in nng.
A. Ngun in ho hc c cu to gm hai in cc nhng vo dung dch
in phn, trong mt in cc l vt dn in, in cc cn li l vt
cch in.
B. Ngun in ho hc c cu to gm hai in cc nhng vo dung dch
in phn, trong hai in cc u l vt cch in.
C. Ngun in ho hc c cu to gm hai in cc nhng vo dung dch
in phn, trong hai in cc u l hai vt dn in cng cht.
D. Ngun in ho hc c cu to gm hai in cc nhng vo dung dch
in phn, trong hai in cc u l hai vt dn in khc cht.
2.13 Trong ngun in lc l c tc dng
A. lm dch chuyn cc in tch dng t cc dng ca ngun in sang
cc m ca ngun in.
31
B. lm dch chuyn cc in tch dng t cc m ca ngun in sang cc
dng ca ngun in.
C. lm dch chuyn cc in tch dng theo chiu in trng trong ngun
in.
D. lm dch chuyn cc in tch m ngc chiu in trng trong ngun
in.
A. Khi pin phng in, trong pin c qu trnh bin i ha nng thnh in
nng.
B. Khi acquy phng in, trong acquy c s bin i ho nng thnh in
nng.
C. Khi np in cho acquy, trong acquy ch c s bin i in nng thnh
ho nng.
D. Khi np in cho acquy, trong acquy c s bin i in nng thnh ho
nng v nhit nng.
12. in nng v cng sut in. nh lut Jun
Lenx
A. Cng ca dng in chy qua mt on mch l cng ca lc in trng
lm di chuyn cc in tch t do trong on mch v bng tch ca hiu
in th gia hai u on mch vi cng dng in v thi gian dng
in chy qua on mch .
B. Cng sut ca dng in chy qua on mch bng tch ca hiu in
th gia hai u on mch v cng dng in chy qua on mch .
C. Nhit lng to ra trn mt vt dn t l thun vi in tr ca vt, vi cng
dng in v vi thi gian dng in chy qua vt.
D. Cng sut to nhit vt dn khi c dng in chy qua c trng cho tc
to nhit ca vt dn v c xc nh bng nhit lng to ra vt n
trong mt n v thi gian.
2.16 Nhit lng to ra trn vt dn khi c dng in chy qua
A. t l thun vi cng dng in chy qua vt dn.
B. t l thun vi bnh phng cng dng in chy qua vt dn.
C. t l nghch vi cng dng in chy qua vt dn.
D. t l nghch vi bnh phng cng dng in chy qua vt dn.
A. Nhit lng to ra trn vt dn t l thun vi in tr ca vt.
B. Nhit lng to ra trn vt dn t l thun vi thi gian dng in chy qua
vt.
C. Nhit lng to ra trn vt dn t l vi bnh phng cng dng in cy
qua vt.
D. Nhit lng to ra trn vt dn t l nghch vi hiu in th gia hai u
vt dn.
2.18 Sut phn in ca my thu c trng cho s
A. chuyn ho in nng thnh nhit nng ca my thu.
B. chuyn ho nhit nng thnh in nng ca my thu.
32
C. chuyn ho c nng thnh in nng ca my thu.
D. chuyn ho in nng thnh dng nng lng khc, khng phi l nhit ca
my thu.
A. Sut phn in ca my thu in c xc nh bng in nng m dng
c chuyn ho thnh dng nng lng khc, khng phi l nhit nng, khi c mt
n v in tch dng chuyn qua my.
B. Sut in ng ca ngun in l i lng c trng cho kh nng sinh
khi lm dch chuyn mt in tch dng q bn trong ngun in t cc m
C. Nhit lng to ra trn mt vt dn t l thun vi in tr ca vt, vi bnh
phng cng dng in v vi thi gian dng in chy qua vt.
D. Sut phn in ca my thu in c xc nh bng in nng m dng
c chuyn ho thnh dng nng lng khc, khng phi l c nng, khi c mt
n v in tch dng chuyn qua my.
2.20 Dng mt dy dn mc bng n vo mng in. Dy tc bng n nng
sng, dy dn hu nh khng sng ln v:
A. Cng dng in chy qua dy tc bng n ln hn nhiu cng
dng in chy qua dy dn.
B. Cng dng in chy qua dy tc bng n nh hn nhiu cng
dng in chy qua dy dn.
C. in tr ca dy tc bng n ln hn nhiu so vi in tr ca dy dn.
D. in tr ca dy tc bng n nh hn nhiu so vi in tr ca dy dn.
2.21 Cng ca ngun in c xc nh theo cng thc:
A. A = Eit. B. A = UIt. C. A = Ei. D. A = UI.
2.22 Cng ca dng in c n v l:
A. J/s B. kWh C. W D. kVA
2.23 Cng sut ca ngun in c xc nh theo cng thc:
A. P = Eit. B. P = UIt. C. P = Ei. D. P = UI.
2.24 Hai bng n 1( 220V 25W), 2 (220V 100W) khi sng bnh thng th
A. cng dng in qua bng n 1 ln gp hai ln cng dng in
qua bng n 2.
B. cng dng in qua bng n 2 ln gp bn ln cng dng in
qua bng n 1.
C. cng dng in qua bng n 1 bng cng dng in qua bng
n 2.
D. in tr ca bng n 2 ln gp bn ln in tr ca bng n 1.
2.25 Hai bng n c cng sut nh mc bng nhau, hiu in th nh mc
ca chng ln lt l U
1
= 110 (V) v U
2
= 220 (V). T s in tr ca chng l:
A.
2
1
R
R
2
1
B.
1
2
R
R
2
1
C.
4
1
R
R
2
1
D.
1
4
R
R
2
1
2.26 bng n loi 120V 60W sng bnh thng mng in c hiu in
th l 220V, ngi ta phi mc ni tip vi bng n mt in tr c gi tr
A. R = 100 (). B. R = 150 (). C. R = 200 (). . R = 250 ().
33
13. nh lut m cho ton mch
2.27 i vi mch in kn gm ngun in vi mch ngoi l in tr th hiu
in th mch ngoi
A.t l thun vi cng dng in chy trong mch.
B. tng khi cng dng in trong mch tng.
C. gim khi cng dng in trong mch tng.
D. t l nghch vi cng dng in chy trong mch.
A. Cng dng in trong on mch ch cha in tr R t l vi hiu
in th U gia hai u on mch v t l nghch vi in tr R.
B. Cng dng in trong mch kn t l thun vi sut in ng ca
ngun in v t l nghch vi in tr ton phn ca mch.
C. Cng sut ca dng in chy qua on mch bng tch ca hiu in
th gia hai u on mch v cng dng in chy qua on mch .
D. Nhit lng to ra trn mt vt dn t l thun vi in tr ca vt, vi cng
dng in v vi thi gian dng in chy qua vt.
2.29 Biu thc nh lut m cho ton mch trong trng hp mch ngoi cha
my thu l:
A.
R
U
I
r R
I
+
E

' r r R
I
P
+ +
E - E

AB
AB
R
U
I
E +
2.30 Mt ngun in c in tr trong 0,1 () c mc vi in tr 4,8 ()

thnh mch kn. Khi hiu in th gia hai cc ca ngun in l 12 (V).
Cng dng in trong mch l
A. I = 120 (A). I = 12 (A). I = 2,5 (A). I = 25 (A).
2.31 Mt ngun in c in tr trong 0,1 () c mc vi in tr 4,8 ()
thnh mch kn. Khi hiu in th gia hai cc ca ngun in l 12 (V).
Sut in ng ca ngun in l:
A. E = 12,00 (V). E = 12,25 (V). E = 14,50 (V). . E = 11,75 (V).
2.32 Ngi ta mc hai cc ca ngun in vi mt bin tr c th thay i t 0
n v cc. Khi gi tr ca bin tr rt ln th hiu in th gia hai cc ca
ngun in l 4,5 (V). Gim gi tr ca bin tr n khi cng dng in
trong mch l 2 (A) th hiu in th gia hai cc ca ngun in l 4 (V).
Sut in ng v in tr trong ca ngun in l:
A. E = 4,5 (V); r = 4,5 (). E = 4,5 (V); r = 2,5 ().
C. E = 4,5 (V); r = 0,25 (). D. E = 9 (V); r = 4,5 ().
2.33 Mt ngun in c sut in ng E = 6 (V), in tr trong r = 2 (),
mch ngoi c in tr R. cng sut tiu th mch ngoi l 4 (W) th in
tr R phi c gi tr
A. R = 1 (). B. R = 2 (). C. R = 3 (). D. R = 6 ().
2.34 Dng mt ngun in thp sng ln lt hai bng n c in tr R
1
= 2
() v R
2
= 8 (), khi cng sut tiu th ca hai bng n l nh nhau. in tr
trong ca ngun in l:
A. r = 2 (). B. r = 3 (). C. r = 4 (). D. r = 6 ().
mch ngoi c in tr R. cng sut tiu th mch ngoi l 4 (W) th in
tr R phi c gi tr
34
A. R = 3 (). B. R = 4 (). C. R = 5 (). D. R = 6 ().
mch ngoi c in tr R. cng sut tiu th mch ngoi t gi tr ln nht
th in tr R phi c gi tr
A. R = 1 (). B. R = 2 (). C. R = 3 (). D. R = 4 ().
2.37 Bit rng khi in tr mch ngoi ca mt ngun in tng t R
1
= 3 ()
n R
2
= 10,5 () th hiu in th gia hai cc ca ngun tng gp hai ln.
in tr trong ca ngun in l:
A. r = 7,5 (). B. r = 6,75 (). C. r = 10,5 (). D. r = 7 ().
2.38 Cho mt mch in kn gm ngun in c sut in ng E = 12 (V),
in tr trong r = 2,5 (), mch ngoi gm in tr R
1
= 0,5 () mc ni tip
vi mt in tr R. cng sut tiu th mch ngoi ln nht th in tr R
phi c gi tr
A. R = 1 (). B. R = 2 (). C. R = 3 (). D. R = 4 ().
2.39* Cho mt mch in kn gm ngun in c sut in ng E = 12 (V),
in tr trong r = 2,5 (), mch ngoi gm in tr R
1
= 0,5 () mc ni tip
vi mt in tr R. cng sut tiu th trn in tr R t gi tr ln nht th
in tr R phi c gi tr
A. R = 1 (). B. R = 2 (). C. R = 3 (). D. R = 4 ().
14. nh lut m cho cc loi on mch in. Mc ngun thnh b
2.40 Mt mch in kn gm hai ngun in E
1
, r
1
v E
2
, r
2
mc ni tip vi
nhau, mch ngoi ch c in tr R. Biu thc cng dng in trong mch
l:
A.
2 1
2 1
r r R
I
+ +
E E
B.
2 1
2 1
r r R
I
+
E E
C.
2 1
2 1
r r R
I
+
+
E E
D.
2 1
2 1
r r R
I
+ +
+
E E
2.41 Mt mch in kn gm hai ngun in E, r
1
v E, r
2
mc song song vi
nhau, mch ngoi ch c in tr R. Biu thc cng dng in trong mch
l:
A.
2 1
r r R
2
I
+ +
E
B.
2 1
2 1
r r
r . r
R
I
+
+
E
C.
2 1
2 1
r r
r . r
R
2
I
+
+
E
D.
2 1
2 1
r . r
r r
R
I
+
+
E
2.42 Cho on mch nh hnh v (2.42) trong E
1
= 9 (V), r
1
= 1,2 (); E
2
= 3
(V), r
2
= 0,4 (); in tr R = 28,4 (). Hiu in th gia hai u on mch
U
AB
= 6 (V). Cng dng in trong mch c chiu v ln l:
A. chiu t A sang B, I = 0,4 (A).
B. chiu t B sang A, I = 0,4 (A).
C. chiu t A sang B, I = 0,6 (A).
D. chiu t B sang A, I = 0,6 (A).
2.43 Ngun in vi sut in ng E, in tr trong r, mc vi in tr ngoi
R = r, cng dng in trong mch l I. Nu thay ngun in bng 3
ngun in ging ht n mc ni tip th cng dng in trong mch l:
A. I = 3I. B. I = 2I. C. I = 2,5I. D. I = 1,5I.
2.44 Ngun in vi sut in ng E, in tr trong r, mc vi in tr ngoi
R = r, cng dng in trong mch l I. Nu thay ngung in bng 3
35
E
1
, r
1
E
2
, r
2
R
A
B
Hnh 2.42
ngun in ging ht n mc song song th cng dng in trong mch
l:
A. I = 3I. B. I = 2I. C. I = 2,5I. D. I = 1,5I.
2.45 Cho b ngun gm 6 acquy ging nhau c mc thnh hai dy song song vi
nhau, mi dy gm 3 acquy mc ni tip vi nhau. Mi acquy c sut in ng
E = 2 (V) v in tr trong r = 1 (). Sut in ng v in tr trong ca b
ngun ln lt l:
A. E
b
= 12 (V); r
b
= 6 (). B. E
b
= 6 (V); r
b
= 1,5 ().
C. E
b
= 6 (V); r
b
= 3 (). D. E
b
= 12 (V); r
b
= 3 ().
2.46* Cho mch in nh hnh v (2.46). Mi pin c sut
in ng E = 1,5 (V), in tr trong r = 1 (). in tr
mch ngoi R = 3,5 (). Cng dng in mch
ngoi l:
A. I = 0,9 (A). B. I = 1,0 (A).
C. I = 1,2 (A). D. I = 1,4 (A).
15. Bi tp v nh lut m v cng sut in
2.47 Cho mt on mch gm hai in tr R
1
v R
2
mc song song v mc vo
mt hiu in th khng i. Nu gim tr s ca in tr R
2
th
A. st th trn R
2
gim.
B. dng in qua R
1
khng thay i.
C. dng in qua R
1
tng ln.
D. cng sut tiu th trn R
2
gim.
2.48 Cho mt mch in kn gm ngun in c sut in ng E = 12 (V),
in tr trong r = 2 (), mch ngoi gm in tr R
1
= 6 () mc song song vi
mt in tr R. cng sut tiu th mch ngoi ln nht th in tr R phi
c gi tr
A. R = 1 (). B. R = 2 (). C. R = 3 (). D. R = 4 ().
2.49 Khi hai in tr ging nhau mc ni tip vo mt hiu in th U khng
i th cng sut tiu th ca chng l 20 (W). Nu mc chng song song ri
mc vo hiu in th ni trn th cng sut tiu th ca chng l:
A. 5 (W). B. 10 (W). C. 40 (W). D. 80 (W).
2.50 Khi hai in tr ging nhau mc song vo mt hiu in th U khng
i th cng sut tiu th ca chng l 20 (W). Nu mc chng ni tip ri
mc vo hiu in th ni trn th cng sut tiu th ca chng l:
A. 5 (W). B. 10 (W). C. 40 (W). D. 80 (W).
2.51 Mt m in c hai dy dn R
1
v R
2
un nc. Nu dng dy R
1
th n-
c trong m s si sau thi gian t
1
= 10 (pht). Cn nu dng dy R
2
th nc s si
sau thi gian t
2
= 40 (pht). Nu dng c hai dy mc song song th nc s si
sau thi gian l:
A. t = 4 (pht). B. t = 8 (pht). C. t = 25 (pht). D. t = 30
(pht).
2.52 Mt m in c hai dy dn R
1
v R
2
un nc. Nu dng dy R
1
th n-
c trong m s si sau thi gian t
1
= 10 (pht). Cn nu dng dy R
2
th nc s si
sau thi gian t
2
= 40 (pht). Nu dng c hai dy mc ni tip th nc s si sau
thi gian l:
36
R
Hnh 2.46
A. t = 8 (pht). B. t = 25 (pht). C. t = 30 (pht). D. t = 50 (pht).
2.53** Cho mt mch in kn gm ngun in c sut in ng E = 12 (V),
in tr trong r = 3 (), mch ngoi gm in tr R
1
= 6 () mc song song vi
mt in tr R. cng sut tiu th trn in tr R t gi tr ln nht th
in tr R phi c gi tr
A. R = 1 (). B. R = 2 (). C. R = 3 (). D. R = 4 ().
16. Thc hnh: o sut in ng v in tr trong ca ngun in
2.54 i vi mch in kn gm ngun in vi mch ngoi l in tr th hiu
in th mch ngoi
A. gim khi cng dng in trong mch tng.
B.t l thun vi cng dng in chy trong mch.
C. tng khi cng dng in trong mch tng.
D. t l nghch vi cng dng in chy trong mch.
2.55 Biu thc no sau y l khng ng?
A.
r R
I
+
E
B.
R
U
I
C. E = U Ir D. E = U + Ir
2.56 o sut in ng ca ngun in ngi ta c th dng cch no sau y?
A. Mc ngun in vi mt in tr bit tr s v mt ampek to thnh
mt mch kn. Da vo s ch ca ampe k cho ta bit sut in ng ca
ngun in.
B. Mc ngun in vi mt in tr bit tr s to thnh mt mch kn,
mc thm vn k vo hai cc ca ngun in. Da vo s ch ca vn k
cho ta bit sut in ng ca ngun in.
C. Mc ngun in vi mt in tr c tr s rt ln v mt vn k to thnh
mt mch kn. Da vo s ch ca vn k cho ta bit sut in ng ca
ngun in.
D. Mc ngun in vi mt vn k c in tr rt ln to thnh mt mch kn.
Da vo s ch ca vn k cho ta bit sut in ng ca ngun in.
2.57 Ngi ta mc hai cc ca ngun in vi mt bin tr c th thay i t 0
n v cc. Khi gi tr ca bin tr rt ln th hiu in th gia hai cc ca
ngun in l 4,5 (V). Gim gi tr ca bin tr n khi cng dng in
trong mch l 2 (A) th hiu in th gia hai cc ca ngun in l 4 (V).
Sut in ng v in tr trong ca ngun in l:
A. E = 4,5 (V); r = 4,5 (). B. E = 4,5 (V); r = 2,5 ().
C. E = 4,5 (V); r = 0,25 (). D. E = 9 (V); r = 4,5 ().
2.58 o sut in ng v in tr trong ca ngun in ngi ta c th dng
cch no sau y?
A. Mc ngun in vi mt in tr bit tr s v mt ampek to thnh
mt mch kn. Sau mc thm mt vn k gia hai cc ca ngun in.
Da vo s ch ca ampe k v vn k cho ta bit sut in ng v in
tr trong ca ngun in.
B. Mc ngun in vi mt in tr bit tr s to thnh mt mch kn,
mc thm vn k vo hai cc ca ngun in. Da vo s ch ca vn k
cho ta bit sut in ng v in tr trong ca ngun in.
C. Mc ngun in vi mt in tr bit tr s v mt vn k to thnh
mt mch kn. Sau mc vn k vo hai cc ca ngun in. Thay in
37
tr ni trn bng mt in tr khc tr s. Da vo s ch ca ampe k v
vn k trong hai trng hp cho ta bit sut in ng v in tr trong ca
ngun in.
D. Mc ngun in vi mt vn k c in tr rt ln to thnh mt mch kn.
Da vo s ch ca vn k cho ta bit sut in ng v in tr trong ca
ngun in.
10. Dng in khng i. Ngun in
2.1 Chn: D
Hng dn: Chiu ca dng in c quy c l chiu chuyn dch ca cc in
tch dng.
2.2 Chn: C
Hng dn: Acquy nng ln khi np in l tc dng nhit ca dng in
ch khng phi l tc dng ho hc.
2.3 Chn: B
Hng dn: Theo nh ngha v sut in ng ca ngun in: Sut in
ng ca ngun in l i lng c trng cho kh nng sinh cng ca ngun
in v c o bng thng s gia cng ca lc l thc hin khi lm dch
38
chuyn mt in tch dng q bn trong ngun in t cc m n cc d-
ng v ln ca in tch q .
2.4 Chn: A
Hng dn: S lectron chuyn qua tit din thng ca dy dn trong thi gian
mt giy l N =
t . e
q
= 3,125.10
18
.
2.5 Chn: A
Hng dn: Biu thc nh lut m I = U/R ng c trng V A l mt ng
thng i qua gc to .
2.6 Chn: C
Hng dn:Sut in ng ca ngun in c trng cho kh nng thc hin
cng ca ngun in.
2.7 Chn: C
Hng dn: in tr ca on mch mc ni tip l R = R
1
+ R
2
+.....+ R
n
.
2.8 Chn: B
Hng dn:
- in tr ton mch l: R = R
1
+ R
2
= 300 ().
- Cng dng in trong mch l: I = U/R = 0,04 (A).
- Hiu in th gia hai u in tr R
1
l U
1
= I.R
1
= 4 (V).
2.9 Chn: A
Hng dn:
in tr on mch mc song song c tnh theo cng thc: R
-1
= R
1
-1
+
R
2
-1
suy ra R = 75 ().
2.10 Chn: C
Hng dn:
- in tr ton mch l: R = R
1
+ R
2
= 300 ().
- Cng dng in trong mch l: I = U
1
/R
1
= 0,06 (A).
- Hiu in th gia hai u on mch l U = I.R = 18 (V).
11. Pin v cquy
2.11 Chn: C
Hng dn: Trong ngun in ho hc (pin, cquy), c s chuyn ho t ho
nng thnh in nng.
2.12 Chn: D
Hng dn: Ngun in ho hc c cu to gm hai in cc nhng vo dung
dch in phn, trong hai in cc u l hai vt dn in khc cht.
2.13 Chn: B
Hng dn: Trong ngun in lc l c tc dng lm dch chuyn cc in tch
dng t cc m ca ngun in sang cc dng ca ngun in.
2.14 Chn: C
Hng dn: Khi np in cho acquy, trong acquy c s bin i in nng
thnh ho nng v in nng thnh nhit nng.
12. in nng v cng sut in. nh lut Jun Lenx
39
2.15 Chn: C
Hng dn: Nhit lng to ra trn mt vt dn t l thun vi in tr ca vt,
vi bnh phng cng dng in v vi thi gian dng in chy qua vt.
2.16 Chn: B
Hng dn: Nhit lng to ra trn vt dn khi c dng in chy qua t l thun
vi bnh phng cng dng in chy qua vt dn.
2.17 Chn: D
Biu thc nh lut Jun Lenx c th vit Q = R.I
2
.t = t
R
U
2
nh vy pht biu
Nhit lng to ra trn vt dn t l nghch vi hiu in th gia hai u
vt dn l khng ng.
2.18 Chn: D
Hng dn: Sut phn in ca my thu c trng cho s chuyn ho in
nng thnh dng nng lng khc, khng phi l nhit ca my thu.
2.19 Chn: D
Hng dn: Sut phn in ca my thu in c xc nh bng in nng
m dng c chuyn ho thnh dng nng lng khc, khng phi l nhit nng,
khi c mt n v in tch dng chuyn qua my.
2.20 Chn: C
Hng dn: Dng mt dy dn mc bng n vo mng in. Dy tc bng
n nng sng, dy dn hu nh khng sng ln v in tr ca dy tc bng
n ln hn nhiu so vi in tr ca dy dn.
2.21 Chn: A
Hng dn: Cng ca ngun in c xc nh theo cng thc A = Eit.
2.22 Chn: B
Hng dn: 1kWh = 3,6.10
6
(J)
2.23 Chn: C
Hng dn: Cng sut ca ngun in c xc nh theo cng thc P = Ei.
2.24 Chn: B
Hng dn: Hai bng n 1( 220V 25W), 2 (220V 100W) khi sng bnh th-
ng th hiu in th t vo hai u bng n l U = 220 (V), cng sut
ca mi bng n ln lt l P
1
= 25 (W) v P
2
= 100 (W) = 4P
1
. Cng dng
in qua bng n c tnh theo cng thc I = P/U suy ra cng dng
in qua bng n 2 ln gp bn ln cng dng in qua bng n 1.
2.25 Chn: C
Hng dn: in tr ca bng n c tnh theo cng thc R =
P
U
2
. Vi bng
n 1 tao c R
1
=
P
U
2
1
. Vi bng n 2 tao c R
2
=
P
U
2
2
. Suy ra
4
1
U
U
R
R
2
2
2
1
2
1

2.26 Chn: C
Hng dn:
- Bng n loi 120V 60W sng bnh thng th hiu in th gia hai u
bng n l 120 (V), cng dng in qua bng n l I = P/U = 0,5 (A).
40
- bng n sng bnh thng mng in c hiu in th l 220V, ngi
ta phi mc ni tip vi bng n mt in tr sao cho hiu in th gia
hai u in tr l U
R
= 220 120 = 100 (V). in tr ca bng n l R =
U
R
/I = 200 ().
13. nh lut m cho ton mch
2.27 Chn: C
Hng dn: Biu thc nh lut m cho ton mch l
r R
I
+
E
hay E = IR + Ir =
U + Ir ta suy ra U = E Ir vi E, r l cc hng s suy ra khi I tng th U gim.
2.28 Chn: D
2.29 Chn: C
Hng dn: Biu thc nh lut m cho ton mch trong trng hp mch ngoi
cha my thu l
' r r R
I
P
+ +
E - E
.
2.30 Chn: C
Hng dn: Cng dng in trong mch l I =
) A ( 5 , 2
8 , 4
12
R
U

.
2.31 Chn: B
Hng dn:
- Cng dng in trong mch l I =
) A ( 5 , 2
8 , 4
12
R
U

.
- Sut in ng ca ngun in l E = IR + Ir = U + Ir = 12 + 2,5.0,1 =
12,25 (V).
2.32 Chn: C
Hng dn:
- Khi gi tr ca bin tr rt ln th hiu in th gia hai cc ca ngun
in l 4,5 (V). Suy ra sut in ng ca ngun in l E = 4,5 (V).
- p dng cng thc E = U + Ir vi I = 2 (A) v U = 4 (V) ta tnh c in tr
trong ca ngun in l r = 0,25 ().
2.33 Chn: A
Hng dn: Cng sut tiu th mch ngoi l P = R.I
2
, cng dng in trong
mch l
r R
I
+
E
suy ra P = R.
2
r R

,
_
+
E
vi E = 6 (V), r = 2 (), P = 4 (W) ta tnh
c R = 1 ().
2.34 Chn: C
Hng dn: p dng cng thc P = R.
2
r R

,
_
+
E
( xem cu 2.33), khi R = R
1
ta c P
1
= R
1
.
2
1
r R

,
_
+
E
, khi R = R
2
ta c P
2
= R
2
.
2
2
r R

,
_
+
E
, theo bi ra P
1
= P
2
ta tnh c r
= 4 ().
2.35 Chn: B
41
2
r R

,
_
+
E
( xem cu 2.33), vi E = 6 (V), r = 2
() v P = 4 (W) ta tnh c R = 4 ().
2.36 Chn: B
2
r R

,
_
+
E
( xem cu 2.33), ta c P = E
2
.
2
) r R (
R
+
= E
2
.

+ + r 2
R
r
R
1
2
E
2
.
r 4
1
suy ra P
max
= E
2
.
r 4
1
xy ra khi R = r = 2 ().
2.37 Chn: D
Hng dn:
- Khi R = R
1
= 3 () th cng dng in trong mch l I
1
v hiu in th
gia hai u in tr l U
1
, khi R = R
2
= 10,5 () th cng dng in
trong mch l I
2
v hiu in th gia hai u in tr l U
2
. Theo bi ra ta
c U
2
= 2U
1
suy ra I
1
= 1,75.I
2
.
- p dng cng thc E = I(R + r), khi R = R
1
= 3 () ta c E = I
1
(R
1
+ r), khi R =
R
2
= 10,5 () ta c E = I
2
(R
2
+ r) suy ra I
1
(R
1
+ r) = I
2
(R
2
+ r).
- Gii h phng trnh:
'
+ +
r). (10,5 I r) (3 I
1,75.I I
2 1
2 1
ta c r = 7 ().
2.38 Chn: B
Hng dn:
- in tr mch ngoi l R
TM
= R
1
+ R
- Xem hng dn cu 2.36: Khi cng sut tiu th mch ngoi ln nht th R
TM
=
r = 2,5 ().
2.39 Chn: C
Hng dn:
- on mch gm ngun in c sut in ng E = 12 (V), in tr trong r
= 2,5 (), ni tip vi in tr R
1
= 0,5 () c th coi tng ng vi mt
ngun in c E = 12 (V), in tr trong r = r + R
1
= 3 ().
- Xem hng dn cu 2.36.
14. nh lut m cho cc loi on mch in. Mc ngun
thnh b
2.40 Chn: D
Hng dn: Mt mch in kn gm hai ngun in E
1
, r
1
v E
2
, r
2
mc ni tip
vi nhau, mch ngoi ch c in tr R.
- Hai ngun in mc ni tip nn sut in ng E = E
1
+ E
2
, in tr
trong r = r
1
+ r
2
.
- Biu thc cng dng in trong mch l
2 1
2 1
r r R
I
+ +
+
E E
2.41 Chn: B
42
Hng dn: Mt mch in kn gm hai ngun in E, r
1
v E, r
2
mc song
song vi nhau, mch ngoi ch c in tr R.
- Hai ngun in mc ni tip nn sut in ng E = E
1
= E
2
, in tr
trong r = r
1
.r
2
/(r
1
+ r
2)
.
- Biu thc cng dng in trong mch l
2 1
2 1
r r
r . r
R
I
+
+
E
2.42 Chn: A
Hng dn: Gi s dng in i t A sang B nh
hnh v 2.42 khi E
1
l ngun in, E
2
l my
thu p dng nh lut m cho on mch cha
my thu:
2 1
AB
r r R
U
I
+ +
+
2 1
E E
= 0,4 (A) > 0, chiu dng
in i theo chiu gi s (chiu t A sang B).
2.43 Chn: D
Hng dn:
- Cng dng in trong mch khi mch ch c mt ngun
R 2 r R
I
E E

+
(v
R =r)
- Thay ngun in trn bng 3 ngun in ging nhau mc ni tip th sut
in ng l 3.E, in tr trong 3.r . Biu thc cng dng in trong
mch l
R 4
3
r 3 R
3
' I
E E

+
nh vy I= 1,5.I.
2.44 Chn: D
Hng dn:
- Cng dng in trong mch khi mch ch c mt ngun
R 2 r R
I
E E

+
(v
R =r)
- Thay ngun in trn bng 3 ngun in ging nhau mc song song th
sut in ng l E, in tr trong r/3 . Biu thc cng dng in trong
mch l
R 4
3
3 / r R
' I
E E

+
nh vy I= 1,5.I.
2.45 Chn: B
Hng dn: Cho b ngun gm 6 acquy ging nhau c mc thnh hai dy song
song vi nhau, mi dy gm 3 acquy mc ni tip vi nhau. Mi acquy c sut
in ng E = 2 (V) v in tr trong r = 1 ().
- Mi dy gm 3 acquy mc ni tip vi nhau nn sut in ng v in tr
trong ca mi dy l E
d
= 3E = 6 (V) v r
d
= 3r = 3 ().
- Hai dy ging nhau mc song song vi nhau nn sut in ng v in tr
trong ca b ngun ln lt l E
b
= E
d
= 6 (V); r
b
= r
d
/2 = 1,5 ().
2.46* Chn: B
Hng dn:
- Ngun in gm 7 pin mc nh hnh 2.46, y
l b ngun gm 3 pin ghp ni tip ri li ghp
ni tip vi mt b khc gm hai dy mc song
43
E
1
, r
1
E
2
, r
2
R
A
B
Hnh 2.42
R
Hnh 2.46
song, mi dy gm hai pin mc ni tip. p dng
cng thc mc ngun thnh b trong trng hp
mc ni tip v mc song song, ta tnh c sut
in ng v in tr trong ca b ngun l: E
= 7,5 (V), r = 4 ().
- p dng cng thc nh lut m cho ton mch
) A ( 1
r R
I
+
E
15. Bi tp v nh lut m v cng sut in
2.47 Chn: B
Hng dn: Cho mt on mch gm hai in tr R
1
v R
2
mc song song v
mc vo mt hiu in th khng i. Nu gim tr s ca in tr R
2
th
hiu in th gia hai u in tr R
1
khng i, gi tr ca in ttr R
1
khng i nn dng in qua R
1
khng thay i.
2.48 Chn: C
Hng dn:
- in tr mch ngoi l R
TM
=
R R
R . R
1
+
- Xem hng dn cu 2.36: Khi cng sut tiu th mch ngoi ln nht th R
TM
=
r = 2 ().
2.49 Chn: D
Hng dn: Cng sut tiu th trn ton mch l P =
R
U
2
.
- Khi hai in tr ging nhau mc ni tip th cng sut tiu th l P
1
=
R 2
U
2
= 20 (W)
- Khi hai in tr ging nhau song song th cng sut tiu th l P
2
=
2
R
U
2
=4
R 2
U
2
=80(W)
2.50 Chn: A
2.51 Chn: B
Hng dn: Mt m in c hai dy dn R
1
v R
2
un nc, trong c 3 trng
hp nhit lng m nc thu vo u nh nhau.
- Khi dng dy R
1
th nc trong m s si sau thi gian t
1
= 10 (pht). Nhit lng
dy R
1
to ra trong thi gian l Q = R
1
I
1
2
t
1
=
1
1
2
t
R
U
- Khi dng dy R
1
2
dy R
2
2
I
2
2
t
2
=
2
2
2
t
R
U
44
- Khi dng c hai dy mc song song th s si sau thi gian t. Nhit lng dy
to ra trong thi gian l Q = t
R
U
2
vi
2 1
R
1
R
1
R
1
+
ta suy ra
2 1
t
1
t
1
t
1
+
t = 8
(pht)
2.52 Chn: D
Hng dn: Mt m in c hai dy dn R
1
v R
2
un nc, trong c 3 trng
hp nhit lng m nc thu vo u nh nhau.
- Khi dng dy R
1
1
dy R
1
1
I
1
2
t
1
=
1
1
2
t
R
U
- Khi dng dy R
1
2
dy R
2
2
I
2
2
t
2
=
2
2
2
t
R
U
- Khi dng c hai dy mc ni tip th s si sau thi gian t. Nhit lng dy
to ra trong thi gian l Q = t
R
U
2
vi R = R
1
+ R
2
ta suy ra t = t
1
+ t
2
t =
50 (pht)
2.53 Chn: B
Hng dn:
- on mch gm ngun in c sut in ng E = 12 (V), in tr trong r
= 3 (), mch ngoi gm in tr R
1
= 6 () mc song song vi mt in tr
R, khi mch in c th coi tng ng vi mt ngun in c E = 12 (V),
in tr trong r = r // R
1
= 2 (), mch ngoi gm c R
- Xem hng dn cu 2.36. Cng sut tiu th trn R t gi tr max khi R = r =
2 ()
16. Thc hnh: o sut in ng v in tr trong ca
ngun in
2.54 Chn: A
Hng dn: p dng nh lut m cho ton mch ta c U = E Ir vi E = hng s,
khi I tng th U gim.
2.55 Chn: C
Hng dn:
- Biu thc nh lut m cho ton mch:
r R
I
+
E
E = U + Ir
- Biu thc nh lut m cho on mch:
R
U
I
2.56 Chn: D
Hng dn:
- Biu thc nh lut m cho ton mch:
r R
I
+
E
, khi R rt ln th I 0 khi
E = U + Ir U
- Mc ngun in vi mt vn k c in tr rt ln to thnh mt mch kn.
Da vo s ch ca vn k cho ta bit sut in ng ca ngun in.
2.57 Chn: C
45
Hng dn:
- Khi gi tr ca bin tr rt ln th hiu in th gia hai cc ca ngun
in l 4,5 (V). Suy ra sut in ng ca ngun in l E = 4,5 (V).
- p dng cng thc E = U + Ir vi I = 2 (A) v U = 4 (V) ta tnh c in tr
trong ca ngun in l r = 0,25 ().
2.58 Chn: C
Hng dn: o c hiu in th v cng dng in trong hai trng hp ta
c h phng trnh:
'
+
+
r I U
r I U
2 2
1 1
E
E
gii h phng trnh ta c E v r.
Chng III. Dng in trong cc mi trng
1. Dng in trong kim loi
- Cc tnh cht in ca kim loi c th gii thch c da trn s c mt ca
cc electron t do trong kim loi. Dng in trong kim loi l dng dch chuyn
c hng ca cc lectron t do.
- Trong chuyn ng, cc lectron t do lun lun va chm vi cc ion dao ng
quanh v tr cn bng cc nt mng v truyn mt phn ng nng cho
chng. S va chm ny l nguyn nhn gy ra in tr ca dy dnx kim loi
v tc dng nhit. in tr sut ca kim loi tng theo nhit .
- Hin tng khi nhit h xung di nhit T
c
no , in tr ca kim loi
(hay hp kim) gim t ngt n gi tr bng khng, l hin tng siu dn.
2. Dng in trong cht in phn
- Dng in trong cht in phn l dng chuyn dch c hng ca cc ion d-
ng v catt v ion m v ant. Cc ion trong cht in phn xut hin l do
s phn li ca cc phn t cht tan trong mi trng dung mi.
Khi n cc in cc th cc ion s trao i lectron vi cc in cc ri c
gii phng ra , hoc tham gia cc phn ng ph. Mt trong cc phn ng
ph l phn ng cc dng tan, phn ng ny xy ra trong cc bnh in phn
c ant l kim loi m mui cu n c mt trong dung dch in phn.
- nh lut Fa-ra-y v in phn.
Khi lng M ca cht c gii phng ra cc in cc t l vi ng lng gam
n
A
ca cht v vi in lng q i qua dung dch in phn.
Biu thc ca nh lut Fa-ra-y
It
n
A
F
1
M
vi F 96500 (C/mol)
3. Dng in trong cht kh
- Dng in trong cht kh l dng chuyn dch c hng ca cc ion dng v
catt, cc ion m v lectron v ant.
Khi cng in trng trong cht kh cn yu, mun c cc ion v lectron
dn in trong cht kh cn phi c tc nhn ion ho (ngn la, tia la
in....). Cn khi cng in trng trong cht kh mnh th c xy ra s
ion ho do va chm lm cho s in tch t do (ion v lectron) trong cht kh
tng vt ln (s phng in t lc).
46
S ph thuc ca cng dng in trong cht kh vo hiu in th gia
ant v catt c dng phc tp, khng tun theo nh lut m (tr hiu in
th rt thp).
- Tia la in v h quang in l hai dng phng in trong khng kh iu
kin thng.
C ch ca tia la in l s ion ho do va chm khi cng in trng trong
khng kh ln hn 3.10
5
(V/m)
- Khi p sut trong cht kh ch cn vo khong t 1 n 0,01mmHg, trong ng
phng in c s phng in thnh min: ngay phn mt catt c min ti
catt, phn cn li ca ng cho n ant l ct sng ant.
Khi p sut trong ng gim di 10
-3
mmHg th min ti catt s chim ton b
ng, lc ta c tia catt. Tia catt l dng lectron pht ra t catt bay trong
chn khng t do.
4. Dng in trong chn khng
- Dng in trong chn khng l dng chuyn dch c hng ca cc lectron bt
ra t catt b nung nng do tc dng ca in trng.
c im ca dng in trong chn khng l n ch chy theo mt chiu
nht nh t ant sang catt.
5. Dng in trong bn dn
- Dng in trong bn dn tinh khit l dng dch chuyn c hng ca cc
lectron t do v l trng.
Tu theo loi tp cht pha vo bn dn tinh khit, m bn dn thuc mt trong
hai loi l bn dn loi n v bn dn loi p. Dng in trong bn dn loi n ch
yu l dng lectron, cn trong bn dn loi p ch yu l dng cc l trng.
Lp tip xc gia hai loi bn dn p v n (lp tip xc p n) c tnh dn in
ch yu theo mt chiu nht nh t p sang n.
II. Cu hi v bi tp
3.1 Khi nhit ca dy kim loi tng, in tr ca n s
A. Gim i.
B. Khng thay i.
C. Tng ln.
D. Ban u tng ln theo nhit nhng sau li gim dn.
3.2 Nguyn nhn gy ra hin tng to nhit trong dy dn khi c dng in
chy qua l:
A. Do nng lng ca chuyn ng c hng ca electron truyn cho ion(+) khi
va chm.
B. Do nng lng dao ng ca ion (+) truyn cho eclectron khi va chm.
C. Do nng lng ca chuyn ng c hng ca electron truyn cho ion (-) khi va
chm.
D. Do nng lng ca chuyn ng c hng ca electron, ion (-) truyn cho ion
(+) khi va chm.
3.3 Nguyn nhn gy ra in tr ca kim loi l:
A. Do s va chm ca cc electron vi cc ion (+) cc nt mng.
B. Do s va chm ca cc ion (+) cc nt mng vi nhau.
47
C. Do s va chm ca cc electron vi nhau.
D. C B v C ng.
3.4 Khi nhit tng th in tr sut ca thanh kim loi cng tng do:
A. Chuyn ng v nhit ca cc electron tng ln.
B. Chuyn ng nh hng ca cc electron tng ln.
C. Bin dao ng ca cc ion quanh nt mng tng ln.
D. Bin dao ng ca cc ion quanh nt mng gim i.
3.5 Mt si dy ng c in tr 74 50
0
C, c in tr sut = 4,1.10
-3
K
-1
.
in tr ca si dy 100
0
C l:
A. 86,6
B. 89,2
C. 95
D. 82
A. Ht ti in trong kim loi l electron.
B. Dng in trong kim loi tun theo nh lut m nu nhit trong kim
loi c gi khng i
C. Ht ti in trong kim loi l in dng v in m.
D. Dng in chy qua dy dn kim loi gy ra tc dng nhit.
3.7 Mt si dy bng nhm c in tr 120 nhit 20
0
C, in tr ca si
dy 179
0
C l 204. in tr sut ca nhm l:
A. 4,8.10
-3
K
-1
B. 4,4.10
-3
K
-1
C. 4,3.10
-3
K
-1
D. 4,1.10
-3
K
-1
Khi cho hai thanh kim loi c bn cht khc nhau tip xc vi nhau th:
A. C s khuch tn electron t cht c nhiu electron hn sang cht c t
electron hn.
B. C s khuch tn in t kim loi ny sang kim loi kia.
C. C s khuch tn eletron t kim loi c mt electron ln sang kim loi c
mt electron nh hn.
D. Khng c hin tng g xy ra.
3.9 xc nh c s bin i ca in tr theo nhit ta cn cc dng
c:
A. m k v ng h o thi gian.
B. Vn k, ampe k, cp nhit .
C. Vn k, cp nhit , ng h o thi gian.
D. Vn k, ampe k, ng h o thi gian.
18. Hin tng siu dn
3.10 Hai thanh kim loi c ni vi nhau bi hai u mi hn to thnh mt mch
kn, hin tng nhit in ch xy ra khi:
48
A. Hai thanh kim loi c bn cht khc nhau v nhit hai u mi hn
bng nhau.
B. Hai thanh kim loi c bn cht khc nhau v nhit hai u mi hn
khc nhau.
C. Hai thanh kim loi c bn cht ging nhau v nhit hai u mi hn
bng nhau.
D. Hai thanh kim loi c bn cht ging nhau v nhit hai u mi hn
khc nhau.
3.11 Sut in ng nhit in ph thuc vo:
A. Hiu nhit (T
1
T
2
) gia hai u mi hn.
B. H s n di v nhit .
C. Khong cch gia hai mi hn.
D. in tr ca cc mi hn.
A. Cp nhit in gm hai dy dn in c bn cht khc nhau hn ni vi
nhau thnh mt mch kn v hai mi hn ca n c gi hai nhit khc
nhau.
B. Nguyn nhn gy ra sut in ng nhit in l do chuyn ng nhit
ca cc ht ti in trong mch in c nhit khng ng nht.
C. Sut in ng nhit in E t l nghch vi hiu nhit (T
1
T
2
) gia
hai u mi hn ca cp nhit in.
D. Sut in ng nhit in E xp x t l vi hiu nhit (T
1
T
2
) gia
hai u mi hn ca cp nhit in.
A. i vi vt liu siu dn, c dng in chy trong mch ta lun phi duy
tr mt hiu in th trong mch.
B. in tr ca vt siu dn bng khng.
C. i vi vt liu siu dn, c kh nng t duy tr dng in trong mch sau
khi ngt b ngun in.
D. i vi vt liu siu dn, nng lng hao ph do to nhit bng khng.
3.14 Mt mi hn ca mt cp nhit in c h s
T
= 65 (V/K) c t
trong khng kh 20
0
C, cn mi hn kia c nung nng n nhit 232
0
C.
Sut in ng nhit in ca cp nhit khi l
A. E = 13,00mV. B. E = 13,58mV. C. E = 13,98mV. D. E = 13,78mV.
T
= 48 (V/K) c t
trong khng kh 20
0
C, cn mi hn kia c nung nng n nhit t
0
C, sut
in ng nhit in ca cp nhit khi l E = 6 (mV). Nhit ca mi
hn cn l:
A. 125
0
C. B. 398
0
K. C. 145
0
C. D. 418
0
K.
T
c t trong khng kh
20
0
C, cn mi hn kia c nung nng n nhit 500
0
C, sut in ng
nhit in ca cp nhit khi l E = 6 (mV). H s
T
khi l:
A. 1,25.10
-4
(V/K) B. 12,5 (V/K) C. 1,25 (V/K) D. 1,25(mV/K)
49
19. Dng in trong cht in phn. nh lut Fa-ra-y
A. Dng in trong cht in phn l dng chuyn dch c hng ca cc in
m, electron i v ant v in dng i v catt.
B. Dng in trong cht in phn l dng chuyn dch c hng ca cc
electron i v ant v cc in dng i v catt.
C. Dng in trong cht in phn l dng chuyn dch c hng ca cc in
m i v ant v cc in dng i v catt.
D. Dng in trong cht in phn l dng chuyn dch c hng ca cc
electron i v t catt v ant, khi catt b nung nng.
3.18 Cng thc no sau y l cng thc ng ca nh lut Fara-y?
A.
t I
n
A
F m .
B. m = D.V C.
A t
n F m
I
.
. .
D.
F I A
n m
t
. .
.
3.19 Mt bnh in phn ng dung dch AgNO

3
, cng dng in chy
qua bnh in phn l I = 1 (A). Cho A
Ag
=108 (vc), n
Ag
= 1. Lng Ag bm vo
catt trong thi gian 16 pht 5 giy l:
A. 1,08 (mg). B. 1,08 (g). C. 0,54 (g). D. 1,08 (kg).
3.20 Mt bnh in phn dung dch CuSO
4
c ant lm bng ng, in tr
ca bnh in phn R = 8 (), c mc vo hai cc ca b ngun E = 9 (V),
in tr trong r =1 (). Khi lng Cu bm vo catt trong thi gian 5 h c gi tr
l:
A. 5 (g). B. 10,5 (g). C. 5,97 (g). D. 11,94 (g).
3.21 t mt hiu in th U khng i vo hai cc ca bnh in phn.
Xt trong cng mt khong thi gian, nu ko hai cc ca bnh ra xa sao cho
khong cch gia chng tng gp 2 ln th khi lng cht c gii phng in
cc so vi lc trc s:
A. tng ln 2 ln. B. gim i 2 ln. C. tng ln 4 ln. D. gim i 4 ln.
3.22. dn in ca cht in phn tng khi nhit tng l do:
A. Chuyn ng nhit ca cc phn t tng v kh nng phn li thnh in
tng.
B. nht ca dung dch gim lm cho cc in chuyn ng c d dng
hn.
C. S va chm ca cc in trong dung dch gim.
D. C A v B ng.
A. Khi ho tan axit, baz hc mui vo trong nc, tt c cc phn t ca
chng u b phn li thnh cc in.
B. S cp in c to thnh trong dung dch in phn khng thay i theo
nhit .
C. Bt k bnh in phn no cng c sut phn in.
D. Khi c hin tng cc dng tan, dng in trong cht in phn tun theo
nh lut m.
3.24 Pht biu no sau y l khng ng khi ni v cch m mt huy chng
bc?
A. Dng mui AgNO
3.
B. t huy chng gia ant v catt.
50
C. Dng ant bng bc.
D. Dng huy chng lm catt.
20. Bi tp v dng in trong kim loi v cht in
phn
3.25 Cho dng in chy qua bnh in phn ng dung dch mui ca
niken, c ant lm bng niken, bit nguyn t khi v ha tr ca niken ln l t
bng 58,71 v 2. Trong thi gian 1h dng in 10A sn ra mt khi lng niken
bng:
A. 8.10
-3
kg B. 10,95 (g). C. 12,35 (g). D. 15,27 (g).
3.26 Cho dng in chy qua bnh in phn cha dung dch CuSO
4
, c ant
bng Cu. Bit rng ng lng ha ca ng
7
10 . 3 , 3 .
1

n
A
F
k
kg/C. trn catt
xut hin 0,33 kg ng, th in tch chuyn qua bnh phi bng:
A. 10
5
(C). B. 10
6
(C). C. 5.10
6
(C). D. 10
7
(C).
3.27** t mt hiu in th U = 50 (V) vo hai cc bnh in phn
in phn mt dung dch mui n trong nc, ngi ta thu c kh hir vo mt
bnh c th tch V = 1 (lt), p sut ca kh hir trong bnh bng p = 1,3
(at) v nhit ca kh hir l t = 27
0
C. Cng ca dng in khi in phn
l:
A. 50,9.10
5
J B. 0,509 MJ C. 10,18.10
5
J D. 1018 kJ
3.28 gii phng lng clo v hir t 7,6g axit clohiric bng dng in 5A,
th phi cn thi gian in phn l bao lu? Bit rng ng lng in ha
ca hir v clo ln lt l: k
1
= 0,1045.10
-7
kg/C v k
2
= 3,67.10
-7
kg/C
A. 1,5 h B. 1,3 h C. 1,1 h D. 1,0 h
3.29 Chiu dy ca lp Niken ph ln mt tm kim loi l d = 0,05(mm) sau khi
in phn trong 30 pht. Din tch mt ph ca tm kim loi l 30cm
2
. Cho
bit Niken c khi lng ring l = 8,9.10
3
kg/m
3
, nguyn t khi A = 58 v ho
tr n = 2. Cng dng in qua bnh in phn l:
A. I = 2,5 (A). B. I = 2,5 (mA). C. I = 250 (A). D. I = 2,5
(A).
3.30 Mt ngun gm 30 pin mc thnh 3 nhm ni tip, mi nhm c 10 pin
mc song song, mi pin c sut in ng 0,9 (V) v in tr trong 0,6 ().
Bnh in phn dung dch CuSO
4
c in tr 205 mc vo hai cc ca b
ngun. Trong thi gian 50 pht khi lng ng Cu bm vo catt l:
A. 0,013 g B. 0,13 g C. 1,3 g D. 13 g
3.31 Khi hiu in th gia hai cc bng n l U
1
= 20mV th cng dng
in chy qua n l I
1
= 8mA, nhit dy tc bng n l t
1
= 25
0
C. Khi
sng bnh thng, hiu in th gia hai cc bng n l U
2
= 240V th cng
dng in chy qua n l I
2
= 8A. Bit h s nhit in tr = 4,2.10
-3
K
-1
.
Nhit t
2
ca dy tc n khi sng bnh thng l:
A. 2600 (
0
C) B. 3649 (
0
C) C. 2644 (
0
K) D. 2917 (
0
C)
3.32 Mt bnh in phn ng dung dch bc nitrat vi ant bng bc. in tr
ca bnh in phn l R= 2 (). Hiu in th t vo hai cc l U= 10 (V).
Cho A= 108 v n=1. Khi lng bc bm vo cc m sau 2 gi l:
A. 40,3g B. 40,3 kg C. 8,04 g D. 8,04.10
-2
kg
51
3.33* Khi in phn dung dch mui n trong nc, ngi ta thu c kh hir ti
catt. Kh thu c c th tch V= 1 (lt) nhit t = 27 (
0
C), p sut p = 1
(atm). in lng chuyn qua bnh in phn l:
A. 6420 (C). B. 4010 (C). C. 8020 (C). D. 7842 (C).
3.34 Cu no di y ni v chn khng vt l l khng ng?
A. Chn khng vt l l mt mi trng trong khng c bt k phn t kh
no.
B. Chn khng vt l l mt mi trng trong cc ht chuyn ng khng
b va chm vi cc ht khc.
C. C th coi bn trong mt bnh l chn khng nu p sut trong bnh di
khong 0,0001mmHg.
D. Chn khng vt l l mt mi trng khng cha sn cc ht ti in nn
bnh thng n khng dn in.
3.35 Bn cht ca dng in trong chn khng l
A. Dng dch chuyn c hng ca cc in dng cng chiu in trng v ca
cc in m ngc chiu in trng
B. Dng dch chuyn c hng ca cc electron ngc chiu in trng
C. Dng chuyn di c hng ngc chiu in trng ca cc electron bt ra khi
catt khi b nung nng
D. Dng dch chuyn c hng ca cc in dng cng chiu in trng, ca cc
in m v electron ngc chiu in trng
A. Tia catt c kh nng m xuyn qua cc l kim loi mng.
B. Tia catt khng b lch trong in trng v t trng.
C. Tia catt c mang nng lng.
D. Tia catt pht ra vung gc vi mt catt.
3.37 Cng dng in bo ho trong chn khng tng khi nhit catt tng
l do:
A. S ht ti in do b in ho tng ln.
B. Sc cn ca mi trng ln cc ht ti in gim i.
C. S electron bt ra khi catt nhiu hn.
D. S eletron bt ra khi catt trong mt giy tng ln.
A. Dng in trong chn khng tun theo nh lut m.
B. Khi hiu in th t vo it chn khng tng th cng dng in
tng.
C. Dng in trong it chn khng ch theo mt chiu t ant n catt.
D. Qu o ca electron trong tia catt khng phi l mt ng thng.
3.39 Cng dng in bo ho trong it chn khng bng 1mA, trong thi
gian 1s s electron bt ra khi mt catt l:
A. 6,6.10
15
electron. B. 6,1.10
15
electron.
C. 6,25.10
15
electron. D. 6.0.10
15
electron.
3.40 Trong cc ng c tuyn vn-ampe sau, ng no l ca dng in
trong chn khng?
52
A. Cht kh trong ng phng in t c p sut thp hn p sut bn ngoi
kh quyn mt cht.
B. Hiu in th gia ant v catt ca ng phng in t phi rt ln, c
hng nghn vn.
C. ng phng in t c ng dng trong Tivi, mt trc ca ng l mn hunh
quang c ph cht hunh quang.
D. Trong ng phng in t c cc cp bn cc ging nh ca t in li
tia in t to thnh hnh nh trn mn hunh quang.
3.42 Bn cht dng in trong cht kh l:
A. Dng chuyn di c hng ca cc in dng theo chiu in trng v cc in
m, electron ngc chiu in trng.
B. Dng chuyn di c hng ca cc in dng theo chiu in trng v cc in
m ngc chiu in trng.
C. Dng chuyn di c hng ca cc in dng theo chiu in trng v cc
electron ngc chiu in trng.
D. Dng chuyn di c hng ca cc electron theo ngc chiu in trng.
A. Ht ti in trong cht kh ch c cc cc in dng v ion m.
B. Dng in trong cht kh tun theo nh lut m.
C. Ht ti in c bn trong cht kh l electron, in dng v in m.
D. Cng dng in trong cht kh p sut bnh thng t l thun vi
hiu in th.
A. Dng in trong kim loi cng nh trong chn khng v trong cht kh u
l dng chuyn ng c hng ca cc electron, ion dng v ion m.
B. Dng in trong kim loi l dng chuyn ng c hng ca cc electron.
Dng in trong chn khng v trong cht kh u l dng chuyn ng c
hng ca cc in dng v in m.
C. Dng in trong kim loi v trong chn khng u l dng chuyn ng
c hng ca cc electron. Dng in trong cht kh l dng chuyn ng c
hng ca cc electron, ca cc in dng v in m.
D. Dng in trong kim loi v dng in trong cht kh l dng chuyn
ng c hng ca cc electron. Dng in trong chn khng l dng chuyn
ng c hng ca cc in dng v in m.
3.45 Hin tng h quang in c ng dng
A. trong k thut hn in.
53
I(A)
O U(V)
A
I(A)
O U(V)
B
I(A)
O U(V)
C
I(A)
O U(V)
D
B. trong k thut m in.
C. trong it bn dn.
D. trong ng phng in t.
3.46 Cch to ra tia la in l
A. Nung nng khng kh gia hai u t in c tch in.
B. t vo hai u ca hai thanh than mt hiu in th khong 40 n
50V.
C. To mt in trng rt ln khong 3.10
6
V/m trong chn khng.
D. To mt in trng rt ln khong 3.10
6
V/m trong khng kh.
3.47 Khi to ra h quang in, ban u ta cn phi cho hai u thanh than
chm vo nhau
A. To ra cng in trng rt ln.
B. Tng tnh dn in ch tip xc ca hai thanh than.
C. Lm gim in tr ch tip xc ca hai thanh than i rt nh.
D. Lm tng nhit ch tip xc ca hai thanh than ln rt ln.
A. Hiu in th gy ra st ch c th ln ti hng triu vn.
B. Hin tng h quang in ch xy ra khi hiu in th t vo cc cp
cc ca thanh than khong 10
4
V.
C. Cng dng in trong cht kh lun lun tun theo nh lut m.
D. Tia catt l dng chuyn ng ca cc electron bt ra t catt.
3.49 i vi dng in trong chn khng, khi catt b nung nng ng thi hiu
in th gia hai u ant v catt ca bng 0 th
A. Gia ant v catt khng c cc ht ti in.
B. C cc ht ti in l electron, in dng v in m.
C. Cng dng in chy chy mch bng 0.
D. Cng dng in chy chy mch khc 0.
3.50 Pht biu no sau y v c im ca cht bn dn l khng ng?
A. in tr sut ca cht bn dn ln hn so vi kim loi nhng nh hn so vi
cht in mi.
B. in tr sut ca cht bn dn gim mnh khi nhit tng.
C. in tr sut ph thuc rt mnh vo hiu in th.
D. Tnh cht in ca bn dn ph thuc nhiu vo cc tp cht c mt trong
tinh th.
3.51 Bn cht ca dng in trong cht bn dn l:
A. Dng chuyn di c hng ca cc electron v l trng ngc chiu in trng.
B. Dng chuyn di c hng ca cc electron v l trng cng chiu in trng.
C. Dng chuyn di c hng ca cc electron theo chiu in trng v cc l
trng ngc chiu in trng.
D. Dng chuyn di c hng ca cc l trng theo chiu in trng v cc
electron ngc chiu in trng.
54
3.52 nhit phng, trong bn dn Si tinh khit c s cp in t l trng
bng 10
-13
ln s nguyn t Si. S ht mang in c trong 2 mol nguyn t Si l:
A. 1,205.10
11
ht.
B. 24,08.10
10
ht.
C. 6,020.10
10
ht.
D. 4,816.10
11
ht.
3.53 Cu no di y ni v phn loi cht bn dn l khng ng?
A. Bn dn hon ton tinh khit l bn dn trong mt electron bng
mt l trng.
B. Bn dn tp cht l bn dn trong cc ht ti in ch yu c to bi
cc nguyn t tp cht.
C. Bn dn loi n l bn dn trong mt l trng ln hn rt nhiu mt
electron.
D. Bn dn loi p l bn dn trong mt electron t do nh hn rt
nhiu mt l trng.
3.54 Chn cu ng?
A. Electron t do v l trng u chuyn ng ngc chiu in trng.
B. Electron t do v l trng u mang in tch m.
C. Mt cc ht ti in ph thuc rt nhiu vo cc yu t bn ngoi nh
nhit , mc chiu sng.
D. linh ng ca cc ht ti in hu nh khng thay i khi nhit
tng.
A. Cu to ca it bn dn gm mt lp tip xc p-n.
B. Dng electron chuyn qua lp tip xc p-n ch yu theo chiu t p sang n.
C. Tia ca tt mt thng khng nhn thy c.
D. dn in ca cht in phn tng khi nhit tng.
3.56 iu kin c dng in l:
A. Ch cn vt dn in ni lin vi nhau thnh mch in kn.
B. Ch cn duy tr mt hiu in th gia hai u vt dn.
C. Ch cn c hiu in th.
D. Ch cn c ngun in.
3.57 Hiu in th ca lp tip xc p-n c tc dng:
A. Tng cng s khuch tn ca cc ht c bn.
B. Tng cng s khuch tn cc l trng t bn dn p sang bn dn n.
C. Tng cng s khuch tn cc electron t bn dn n sang bn dn p.
D. Tng cng s khuch tn cc electron t bn dn p sang bn dn n.
3.58 Khi lp tip xc p-n c phn cc thun, in trng ngoi c tc dng:
A. Tng cng s khuch tn ca cc khng ht c bn.
B. Tng cng s khuch tn cc l trng t bn dn n sang bn dn p.
C. Tng cng s khuch tn cc electron t bn dn n sang bn dn p.
D. Tng cng s khuch tn cc electron t bn dn p sang bn dn n.
3.59 Chn pht biu ng.
55
A. Cht bn dn loi n nhim in m do s ht electron t do nhiu hn cc
l trng.
B. Khi nhit cng cao th cht bn dn nhim in cng ln.
C. Khi mc phn cc ngc vo lp tip xc p-n th in trng ngoi c tc
dng tng cng s khuch tn ca cc ht c bn.
D. Dng in thun qua lp tip xc p - n l dng khuch tn ca cc ht c
bn.
24. Linh kin bn dn
3.60 it bn dn c cu to gm:
A. mt lp tip xc p n. B. hai lp tip xc p n.
C. ba lp tip xc p n. D. bn lp tip xc p n.
3.61 it bn dn c tc dng:
A. chnh lu.
B. khuch i.
C. cho dng in i theo hai chiu.
D. cho dng in i theo mt chiu t catt sang ant.
A. it bn dn c kh nng bin i dng in xoay chiu thnh dng in
mt chiu.
B. it bn dn c kh nng bin i dng in mt chiu thnh dng in
xoay chiu.
C. it bn dn c kh nng pht quang khi c dng in i qua.
D. it bn dn c kh nng n nh hiu in th gia hai u it khi b
phn cc ngc
3.63 Tranzito bn dn c cu to gm:
A. mt lp tip xc p n. B. hai lp tip xc p n.
C. ba lp tip xc p n. D. bn lp tip xc p n.
3.64 Tranzito bn dn c tc dng:
A. chnh lu.
B. khuch i.
C. cho dng in i theo hai chiu.
D. cho dng in i theo mt chiu t catt sang ant.
25. Thc hnh: Kho st c tnh chnh lu ca i t bn dn
v c tnh khuch i ca Tranzito
3.65 Dng mt mini ampe k o cng dng in I qua it, v mt vn k
o hiu in th U
AK
gia hai cc A(ant) v K(catt) ca it. Kt qu no
sau y l khng ng?
A. U
AK
= 0 th I = 0. B. U
AK
> 0 th I = 0.
C. U
AK
< 0 th I = 0. D. U
AK
> 0 th I > 0.
3.66 Dng mt mini ampe k o cng dng in I qua it, v mt vn k
o hiu in th U
AK
gia hai cc A(ant) v K(catt) ca it. Kt qu no
sau y l khng ng?
56
A. U
AK
= 0 th I = 0.
B. U
AK
> 0 v tng th I > 0 v cng tng.
C. U
AK
> 0 v gim th I > 0 v cng gim.
D. U
AK
< 0 v gim th I < 0 v cng gim.
3.67 Dng mt mini ampe k o cng dng in I
B
qua cc baz, v mt
ampe k o cng dng in I
C
qua clect ca tranzto. Kt qu no sau
y l khng ng?
A. I
B
tng th I
C
tng. B. I
B
tng th I
C
gim.
C. I
B
gim th I
C
gim. D. I
B
rt nh th I
C
cng nh.
3.68 Dng mt mini ampe k o cng dng in I
B
qua cc baz, v mt
vn k o hiu in th U
CE
gia clect v emint ca tranzto mc E chung.
Kt qu no sau y l khng ng?
A. I
B
tng th U
CE
tng. B. I
B
tng th U
CE
gim.
C. I
B
gim th U
CE
tng. D. I
B
t bo ho th U
CE
bng khng.
57
3.1 Chn: C
Hng dn: in t ca dy kim loi ph thuc vo nhit R
t
= R
0
(1+ t), vi
h s nhit in tr > 0 nn khi nhit tng th in tr ca dy kim
loi tng.
3.2 Chn: A
Hng dn: Nguyn nhn gy ra hin tng to nhit trong dy dn khi c dng
in chy qua l do nng lng ca chuyn ng c hng ca electron truyn
cho ion(+) khi va chm.
3.3 Chn: A
Hng dn: Nguyn nhn gy ra in tr ca kim loi l do s va chm ca cc
electron vi cc ion (+) cc nt mng.
3.4 Chn: C
Hng dn: Khi nhit tng th in tr sut ca thanh kim loi cng tng do
bin dao ng ca cc ion quanh nt mng tng ln.
3.5 Chn: A
Hng dn: p dng cng thc R
t
= R
0
(1+ t), ta suy ra
2
1
2
1
t 1
t 1
R
R
+
+

1
2
1 2
t 1
t 1
R R
+
+
= 86,6 ().
3.6 Chn: C
Hng dn: Ht ti in trong kim loi l electron. Ht ti in trong cht in
phn l ion dng v ion m.
3.7 Chn: A
Hng dn: Xem hng dn cu 3.5 suy ra
1 2 2 1
1 2
t R t R
R R
+

= 4,827.10
-3
K
-1
.
3.8 Chn: C
Hng dn: Khi cho hai thanh kim loi c bn cht khc nhau tip xc vi nhau
th c s khuch tn eletron t kim loi c mt electron ln sang kim loi c
mt electron nh hn.
3.9 Chn: B
Hng dn: xc nh c s bin i ca in tr theo nhit ta cn
cc dng c: vn k, ampe k, cp nhit .
18. Hin tng siu dn
3.10 Chn: B
Hng dn: Hai thanh kim loi c ni vi nhau bi hai u mi hn to thnh
mt mch kn, hin tng nhit in ch xy ra khi hai thanh kim loi c bn
cht khc nhau v nhit hai u mi hn khc nhau.
58
3.11 Chn: A
Hng dn: Sut in ng nhit in ph thuc vo: Hiu nhit (T
1
T
2
)
gia hai u mi hn.
3.12 Chn: C
Hng dn: Sut in ng nhit in E xp x t l vi hiu nhit (T
1

T
2
) gia hai u mi hn ca cp nhit in.
3.13 Chn: A
Hng dn: i vi vt liu siu dn, c dng in chy trong mch ta khng
phi duy tr mt hiu in th trong mch.
3.14 Chn: D
Hng dn: p dng cng thc E =
T
(T
2
T
1
) = 13,78.10
-3
V = 13,78mV.
3.15 Chn: C
3.16 Chn: B
19. Dng in trong cht in phn. nh lut Fa-ra-y
3.17 Chn: C
Hng dn: Dng in trong cht in phn l dng chuyn dch c hng ca
cc in m i v ant v cc in dng i v catt.
3.18 Chn: C
Hng dn: Cng thc ca nh lut Fara-y l
t . I
n
A
F
1
m
3.19 Chn: B
Hng dn: p dng cng thc nh lut Fara-y l
t . I
n
A
F
1
m
vi I = 1 (A), A =
108, n = 1, t = 965 (s), F = 96500 (g/mol.C)
3.20 Chn: C
Hng dn:
- Cng dng in trong mch l
r R
I
+
E
= 1 (A).
- p dng cng thc nh lut Fara-y l
t . I
n
A
F
1
m
vi I = 1 (A), A = 64, n
= 2, t = 18000 (s), F = 96500(g/mol.C)
3.21 Chn: B
Hng dn: t mt hiu in th U khng i vo hai cc ca bnh in
phn. in tr ca bnh in phn c tnh theo cng thc:
S
l
R
, nu
ko hai cc ca bnh ra xa sao cho khong cch gia chng tng gp 2 ln
th in tr ca bnh in phn tng ln 2 ln. Cng dng in qua
bnh in phn gim 2 ln.
Xt trong cng mt khong thi gian, khi lng cht c gii phng in cc
so vi lc trc s gim i 2 ln.
3.22 Chn: A
Hng dn: dn in ca cht in phn tng khi nhit tng l do
chuyn ng nhit ca cc phn t tng v kh nng phn li thnh in tng.
59
3.23 Chn: D
Hng dn:
- Khi c hin tng cc dng tan, dng in trong cht in phn tun theo
nh lut m.
- Khi ho tan axit, baz hc mui vo trong nc, ch khi nng ca dung
dch in phn cha bo ho th tt c cc phn t ca chng u b phn
li thnh cc in.
- Ch khi dung dch in phn cha bo ho th s cp in c to thnh
trong dung dch in phn khng thay i theo nhit .
- Bnh in phn c sut phn in l nhng bnh in phn khng xy
ra hin tng dng cc tan.
3.24 Chn: B
Hng dn: Mun m mt huy chng bc ngi ta phi dng dung dch mui
AgNO
3
, ant lm bng bc, huy chng lm catt.
20. Bi tp v dng in trong kim loi v cht in phn
3.25 Chn: B
3.26 Chn: B
Hng dn: p dng cng thc nh lut Fara-y l
q . k t . I
n
A
F
1
m
t
tnh c q = 10
6
(C).
3.27** Chn: B
Hng dn:
- p dng phng trnh Clapyron Menlep cho kh l tng: pV =
RT
m
,
trong p = 1,3 (at) = 1,3. 1,013.10
5
(Pa), V = 1 (lt) = 10
-3
(m
3
), = 2
(g/mol), R = 8,31 (J/mol.K), T = 300
0
K.
- p dng cng thc nh lut lut Fara-y:
q .
n
A
F
1
t . I
n
A
F
1
m
vi A = 1, n
= 1
- p dng cng thc tnh cng A = qU.
T cc cng thc trn ta tnh c A = 0,509 (MJ)
3.28 Chn: C
Hng dn: p dng cng thc nh lut lut Fara-y:
t . I ). k k ( t . I
n
A
F
1
m
2 1
+
3.29 Chn: D
Hng dn: Khi lng Ni gii phng ra in cc c tnh theo cng thc: m =
dS =
t . I
n
A
F
1
t ta tnh c I (lu phi i n v ca cc i lng)
3.30 Chn: A
Hng dn:
- B ngun in gm 30 pin mc thnh 3 nhm ni tip, mi nhm c 10 pin
mc song song, mi pin c sut in ng 0,9 (V) v in tr trong 0,6 ().
Sut in ng v in tr trong ca b ngun l E = 2,7 (V), r = 0,18 ().
60
- Bnh in phn dung dch CuSO
4
c in tr R = 205 mc vo hai cc
ca b ngun. Cng dng in chy qua bnh in phn l
r R
I
+
E
=
0,0132 (A).
- Trong thi gian 50 pht khi lng ng Cu bm vo catt l
t . I
n
A
F
1
m
=
0,013 (g).
3.31 Chn: B
Hng dn:
- in tr ca dy tc bng n khi nhit l t
1
= 25
0
C l R
1
=
1
1
I
U
= 2,5
().
- in tr ca dy tc bng n khi nhit l t
2
l R
2
=
2
2
I
U
= 30 ().
- S ph thuc in tr ca vt dn vo nhit R
1
= R
0
(1+ t
1
) v R
2
=
R
0
(1+ t
2
) suy ra t
2
=
1
1 2 1 2
R .
t . . R R R
+
= 3649
0
C
3.32 Chn: A
Hng dn:
- Cng dng in trong mch l I = U/R = 5 (A).
- Trong thi gian 2 (h) khi lng ng Ag bm vo catt l
t . I
n
A
F
1
m
= 40,3
(g).
3.33 Chn: D
Hng dn:
- p dng phng trnh Clapyron Menlep cho kh l tng: pV =
RT
m
,
trong p = 1 (atm) = 1,013.10
5
(Pa), V = 1 (lt) = 10
-3
(m
3
), = 2 (g/mol), R
= 8,31 (J/mol.K), T = 300
0
K.
- p dng cng thc nh lut lut Fara-y:
q .
n
A
F
1
t . I
n
A
F
1
m
vi A = 1, n
= 1
T tnh c q = 7842 (C)
3.34 Chn: D
Hng dn: C th ni:
- Chn khng vt l l mt mi trng trong khng c bt k phn t kh
no
- Chn khng vt l l mt mi trng trong cc ht chuyn ng khng b
va chm vi cc ht khc
- C th coi bn trong mt bnh l chn khng nu p sut trong bnh di
khong 0,0001mmHg
3.35 Chn: C
61
Hng dn: Bn cht ca dng in trong chn khng l dng chuyn di c h-
ng ngc chiu in trng ca cc electron bt ra khi catt khi catt b nung
nng.
3.36 Chn: B
Hng dn: Tia catt b lch trong in trng v t trng.
3.37 Chn: D
Hng dn: Cng dng in bo ho trong chn khng tng khi nhit
ca catt tng l do s eletron bt ra khi catt trong mt giy tng ln.
3.38 Chn: C
Hng dn: Dng in trong it chn khng ch theo mt chiu t ant n
catt.
3.39 Chn: C
Hng dn: Khi dng in trong it chn khng t gi tr bo ho th c
bao nhiu lectron bt ra khi catt s chuyn ht v ant. S lectron i t
catt v ant trong 1 giy l N =
e
t . I
bh
= 6,25.10
15
.
3.40 Chn: B
Hng dn: Xem hnh dng ng c trng Vn Ampe ca dng in trong
chn khng trong SGK.
3.41 Chn: A
Hng dn: p sut kh trong ng phng in t rt nh, c th coi l chn
khng. Nn pht biu Cht kh trong ng phng in t c p sut thp hn
p sut bn ngoi kh quyn mt cht l khng ng.
3.42 Chn: A
Hng dn:
- Bn cht dng in trong cht kh l dng chuyn di c hng ca cc in d-
ng theo chiu in trng v cc in m, electron ngc chiu in trng.
- Bn cht dng in trong cht in phn l dng chuyn di c hng ca
cc in dng theo chiu in trng v cc in m ngc chiu in trng.
- Bn cht dng in trong kim loi l dng chuyn di c hng ca cc
electron theo ngc chiu in trng.
3.43 Chn: C
Hng dn: Ht ti in c bn trong cht kh l electron, in dng v in m.
3.44 Chn: C
3.45 Chn: A
Hng dn: K thut hn kim loi thng c hn bng h quang in.
3.46 Chn: D
Hng dn:Cch to ra tia la in l to mt in trng rt ln khong 3.10
6
V/m trong khng kh.
3.47 Chn: D
Hng dn: Khi chp hai thi than vi nhau, nhit ch tip xc rt ln
to ra cc ht ti in trong vng khng kh xung quanh hai u thi than.
62
3.48 Chn: D
Hng dn: Tia catt l dng chuyn ng ca cc electron bt ra t catt.
3.49 Chn: C
Hng dn: Khi U
AK
= 0 th cng dng in trong chn khng l I = 0.
3.50 Chn: C
Hng dn:
- in tr sut ca cht bn dn ln hn so vi kim loi nhng nh hn so vi cht
in mi.
- in tr sut ca cht bn dn gim mnh khi nhit tng.
- Tnh cht in ca bn dn ph thuc nhiu vo cc tp cht c mt trong
tinh th.
3.51 Chn: D
Hng dn: Bn cht ca dng in trong cht bn dn l dng chuyn di c
hng ca cc l trng theo chiu in trng v cc electron ngc chiu in
trng.
3.52 Chn: A
Hng dn: S ht mang in c trong 2 mol nguyn t Si l N = 2.N
A
.10
-13
=
1,205.10
11
ht.
3.53 Chn: C
Hng dn: Bn dn loi n l bn dn trong mt l trng nh hn rt
nhiu mt electron.
3.54 Chn: C
Hng dn: Mt cc ht ti in ph thuc rt nhiu vo cc yu t bn
ngoi nh nhit , mc chiu sng.
3.55 Chn: B
Hng dn: Dng electron chuyn qua lp tip xc p-n ch yu theo chiu t n
sang p, cn l trng ch yu i t p sang n.
3.56 Chn: B
Hng dn: iu kin c dng in l cn duy tr mt hiu in th gia
hai u vt dn.
3.57 Chn: D
Hng dn: Hiu in th ca lp tip xc p-n c tc dng tng cng s khuch
tn ca cc electron t bn dn p sang bn dn n, tng cng s khuch tn ca
l trng t n sang p.
3.58 Chn: C
Hng dn: Khi lp tip xc p-n c phn cc thun, in trng ngoi c tc
dng tng cng s khuch tn cc electron t bn dn n sang bn dn p.
3.59 Chn: D
Hng dn: Dng in thun qua lp tip xc p - n l dng khuch tn ca cc
ht c bn.
24. Linh kin bn dn
3.60 Chn: A
63
Hng dn: it bn dn c cu to gm mt lp tip xc p n.
3.61 Chn: A
Hng dn: it bn dn c tc dng chnh lu.
3.62 Chn: B
Hng dn: it bn dn c kh nng bin i dng in xoay chiu thnh
dng in mt chiu, khng th bin i dng in my chiu thnh dng
in xoay chiu
3.63 Chn: B
Hng dn: Tranzito bn dn c cu to gm hai lp tip xc p n.
3.64 Chn: B
Hng dn: Tranzito bn dn c tc dng khuch i.
25. Thc hnh: Kho st c tnh chnh lu ca i t bn dn v c
tnh khuch i ca Tranzito
3.65 Chn: B
Hng dn: Xem ng c trng vn ampe ca it bn dn.
3.66 Chn: D
Hng dn: Xem ng c trng vn ampe ca it bn dn.
3.67 Chn: B
Hng dn: Xem ng c trng vn ampe ca tranzito bn dn.
3.68 Chn: A
Hng dn: Xem ng c trng vn ampe ca tranzito bn dn.
Chng IV. T trng
1. T trng. Cm ng t
- Xung quanh nam chm v xung quanh dng in tn ti t trng. T trng c
tnh cht c bn l tc dng lc t ln nam chm hay ln dng in t trong
n.
- Vect cm ng t l i lng c trng cho t trng v mt tc dng lc t.
n v cm ng t l Tesla (T).
- T trng ca dng in trong dy dn thng, di t trong khng kh:
r
I
10 . 2 B
7
r l khong cch t im kho st n dy dn.

- T trng ti tm ca dng in trong khung dy trn:
R
NI
10 . 2 B
7

R l bn knh ca khung dy, N l s vng dy trong khung, I l cng dng
in trong mi vng.
- T trng ca dng in trong ng dy:
nI 10 . 4 B
7

n l s vng dy trn mt n v di ca ng.
2. Lc t
64
- Lc t tc dng ln mt on dng in ngn: F = Bilsin
l gc hp bi on dng in v vect cm ng t.
- Lc t tc dng trn mi n v di ca hai dng in song song:
r
I I
10 . 2 F
2 1 7
r l khong cch gia hai dng in.

3. Mmen ngu lc t
Mmen ngu lc t tc dng ln khung dy c dng in: M = IBS.sin, trong
S l din tch phn mt phng gii hn bi khung, l gc hp bi vect
php tuyn ca khung v vect cm ng t
4. Lc Lorenx
Lc Lorenx tc dng ln ht mang in chuyn ng:
sin Bv q f
, trong
q l in tch ca ht, l gc hp bi vect vn tc ca ht v vect cm ng
t
II. Cu hi v bi tp
26. T trng
Ngi ta nhn ra t trng tn ti xung quanh dy dn mang dng in v:
A. c lc tc dng ln mt dng in khc t song song cnh n.
B. c lc tc dng ln mt kim nam chm t song song cnh n.
C. c lc tc dng ln mt ht mang in chuyn ng dc theo n.
D. c lc tc dng ln mt ht mang in ng yn t bn cnh n.
4.2 Tnh cht c bn ca t trng l:
A. gy ra lc t tc dng ln nam chm hoc ln dng in t trong n.
B. gy ra lc hp dn ln cc vt t trong n.
C. gy ra lc n hi tc dng ln cc dng in v nam chm t trong
n.
D. gy ra s bin i v tnh cht in ca mi trng xung quanh.
4.3 T ph l:
A. hnh nh ca cc ng mt st cho ta hnh nh ca cc ng sc t ca
t trng.
B. hnh nh tng tc ca hai nam chm vi nhau.
C. hnh nh tng tc gia dng in v nam chm.
D. hnh nh tng tc ca hai dng in chy trong hai dy dn thng song
song.
A. Qua bt k im no trong t trng ta cng c th v c mt ng sc t.
B. ng sc t do nam chm thng to ra xung quanh n l nhng ng
thng.
C. ng sc mau ni c cm ng t ln, ng sc tha ni c cm ng t
nh.
D. Cc ng sc t l nhng ng cong kn.
65
T trng u l t trng c
A. cc ng sc song song v cch u nhau.
B. cm ng t ti mi ni u bng nhau.
C. lc t tc dng ln cc dng in nh nhau.
D. cc c im bao gm c phng n A v B.
A. Tng tc gia hai dng in l tng tc t.
B. Cm ng t l i lng c trng cho t trng v mt gy ra tc dng t.
C. Xung quanh mi in tch ng yn tn ti in trng v t trng.
D. i qua mi im trong t trng ch c mt ng sc t.
A. Cc ng mt st ca t ph chnh l cc ng sc t.
B. Cc ng sc t ca t trng u c th l nhng ng cong cch u
nhau.
C. Cc ng sc t lun l nhng ng cong kn.
D. Mt ht mang in chuyn ng theo qu o trn trong t trng th qu
o chuyn ng ca ht chnh l mt ng sc t.
4.8 Dy dn mang dng in khng tng tc vi
A. cc in tch chuyn ng.
B. nam chm ng yn.
C. cc in tch ng yn.
D. nam chm chuyn ng.
27. Phng v chiu ca lc t tc dng ln dng in
Mt dng in t trong t trng vung gc vi ng sc t, chiu ca lc t
tc dng vo dng in s khng thay i khi
A. i chiu dng in ngc li.
B. i chiu cm ng t ngc li.
C. ng thi i chiu dng in v i chiu cm ng t.
D. quay dng in mt gc 90
0
xung quanh ng sc t.
4.10 Mt on dy dn c dng in I nm ngang t
trong t trng c cc ng sc t thng ng t trn xung
nh hnh v. Lc t tc dng ln on dy dn c chiu
A. thng ng hng t trn xung.
B. thng ng hng t di ln.
C. nm ngang hng t tri sang phi.
D. nm ngang hng t phi sang tri.
4.11 Chiu ca lc t tc dng ln on dy dn mang dng in, thng c
xc nh bng quy tc:
A. vn inh c 1.
B. vn inh c 2.
C. bn tay tri.
D. bn tay phi.
66
A. Lc t tc dng ln dng in c phng vung gc vi dng in.
B. Lc t tc dng ln dng in c phng vung gc vi ng cm ng t.
C. Lc t tc dng ln dng in c phng vung gc vi mt phng cha
dng in v ng cm ng t.
D. Lc t tc dng ln dng in c phng tip thuyn vi cc ng cm ng
t.
A. Lc t tc dng ln dng in i chiu khi i chiu dng in.
B. Lc t tc dng ln dng in i chiu khi i chiu ng cm ng t.
C. Lc t tc dng ln dng in i chiu khi tng cng dng in.
D. Lc t tc dng ln dng in khng i chiu khi ng thi i chiu
28. Cm ng t. nh lut Ampe
A. Cm ng t l i lng c trng cho t trng v mt tc dng lc
B. ln ca cm ng t c xc nh theo cng thc
sin Il
F
B
ph thuc vo
cng dng in I v chiu di on dy dn t trong t trng
C. ln ca cm ng t c xc nh theo cng thc
sin Il
F
B
khng ph
thuc vo cng dng in I v chiu i on dy dn t trong t tr-
ng
D. Cm ng t l i lng vect
A. Lc t tc dng ln mt on dy dn mang dng in t trong t trng
u t l thun vi cng dng in trong on dy.
B. Lc t tc dng ln mt on dy dn mang dng in t trong t trng
u t l thun vi chiu di ca on dy.
C. Lc t tc dng ln mt on dy dn mang dng in t trong t trng
u t l thun vi gc hp bi on dy v ng sc t.
D. Lc t tc dng ln mt on dy dn mang dng in t trong t trng
u t l thun vi cm ng t ti im t on dy.
4.16 Pht biu no di y l ng?
Cho mt on dy dn mang dng in I t song song vi ng sc t, chiu
ca dng in ngc chiu vi chiu ca ng sc t.
A. Lc t lun bng khng khi tng cng dng in.
B. Lc t tng khi tng cng dng in.
C. Lc t gim khi tng cng dng in.
D. Lc t i chiu khi ta i chiu dng in.
4.17 Mt on dy dn di 5 (cm) t trong t trng u v vung gc vi
vect cm ng t. Dng in chy qua dy c cng 0,75 (A). Lc t tc dng
ln on dy l 3.10
-2
(N). Cm ng t ca t trng c ln l:
A. 0,4 (T). B. 0,8 (T). C. 1,0 (T). D. 1,2 (T).
67
Mt on dy dn thng mang dng in I t trong t trng u th
A. lc t tc dng ln mi phn ca on dy.
B. lc t ch tc dng vo trung im ca on dy.
C. lc t ch tc dng ln on dy khi n khng song song vi ng sc t.
D. lc t tc dng ln on dy c im t l trung im ca on dy.
4.19 Mt on dy dn thng MN di 6 (cm) c dng in I = 5 (A) t trong
t trng u c cm ng t B = 0,5 (T). Lc t tc dng ln on dy c ln F
= 7,5.10
-2
(N). Gc hp bi dy MN v ng cm ng t l:
A. 0,5
0
B. 30
0
C. 60
0
D. 90
0
4.20 Mt dy dn thng c dng in I t trong vng khng gian c
t trng u nh hnh v. Lc t tc dng ln dy c
A. phng ngang hng sang tri.
B. phng ngang hng sang phi.
C. phng thng ng hng ln.
D. phng thng ng hng xung.
29. T trng ca mt s dng in c dng n gin
4.21 Pht biu no di y l ng?
A. ng sc t ca t trng gy ra bi dng in thng di l nhng ng
thng song song vi dng in
B. ng sc t ca t trng gy ra bi dng in trn l nhng ng trn
C. ng sc t ca t trng gy ra bi dng in trn l nhng ng thng
song song cch u nhau
D. ng sc t ca t trng gy ra bi dng in thng di l nhng ng
trn ng tm nm trong mt phng vung gc vi dy dn
4.22 Hai im M v N gn mt dng in thng di. Khong cch t M n
dng in ln gp hai ln khong cch t N n dng in. ln ca cm ng
t ti M v N l B
M
v B
N
th
A. B
M
= 2B
N
B. B
M
= 4B
N
C.
N M
B B
2
1
D.
N M
B B
4
1
4.23 Dng in I = 1 (A) chy trong dy dn thng di. Cm ng t ti im M

cch dy dn 10 (cm) c ln l:
A. 2.10
-8
(T) B. 4.10
-6
(T) C. 2.10
-6
(T) D. 4.10
-7
(T)
4.24 Ti tm ca mt dng in trn cng 5 (A) cm ng t o c l
31,4.10
-6
(T). ng knh ca dng in l:
A. 10 (cm) B. 20 (cm) C. 22 (cm) D. 26 (cm)
4.25 Mt dy dn thng di c dng in I chy qua. Hai im M v N nm
trong cng mt mt phng cha dy dn, i xng vi nhau qua dy. Kt lun
no sau y l khng ng?
A. Vect cm ng t ti M v N bng nhau.
B. M v N u nm trn mt ng sc t.
C. Cm ng t ti M v N c chiu ngc nhau.
D. Cm ng t ti M v N c ln bng nhau.
68
I

4.26 Mt dng in c cng I = 5 (A) chy trong mt dy dn thng, di.
Cm ng t do dng in ny gy ra ti im M c ln B = 4.10
-5
(T). im
M cch dy mt khong
A. 25 (cm) B. 10 (cm) C. 5 (cm) D. 2,5 (cm)
4.27 Mt dng in thng, di c cng 20 (A), cm ng t ti im M cch
dng in 5 (cm) c ln l:
A. 8.10
-5
(T) B. 8.10
-5
(T) C. 4.10
-6
(T) D. 4.10
-6
(T)
4.28 Mt dng in chy trong dy dn thng, di. Ti im A cch dy 10
(cm) cm ng t do dng in gy ra c ln 2.10
-5
(T). Cng dng in
chy trn dy l:
A. 10 (A) B. 20 (A) C. 30 (A) D. 50 (A)
4.29 Hai dy dn thng, di song song cch nhau 32 (cm) trong khng kh, c-
ng dng in chy trn dy 1 l I
1
= 5 (A), cng dng in chy trn
dy 2 l I
2
. im M nm trong mt phng 2 dng in, ngoi khong 2 dng
in v cch dng I
2
8 (cm). cm ng t ti M bng khng th dng in I
2
c
A. cng I
2
= 2 (A) v cng chiu vi I
1

B. cng I
2
= 2 (A) v ngc chiu vi I
1
C. cng I
2
= 1 (A) v cng chiu vi I
1
D. cng I
2
1
4.30 Hai dy dn thng, di song song cch nhau 32 (cm) trong khng kh,
dng in chy trn dy 1 l I
1
= 5 (A), dng in chy trn dy 2 l I
2
= 1 (A)
ngc chiu vi I
1
. im M nm trong mt phng ca hai dy v cch u hai
dy. Cm ng t ti M c ln l:
A. 5,0.10
-6
(T) B. 7,5.10
-6
(T) C. 5,0.10
-7
(T) D.
7,5.10
-7
(T)
4.31 Hai dy dn thng, di song song cch nhau 32 (cm) trong khng kh,
dng in chy trn dy 1 l I
1
= 5 (A), dng in chy trn dy 2 l I
2
= 1 (A)
ngc chiu vi I
1
. im M nm trong mt phng ca 2 dng in ngoi khong
hai dng in v cch dng in I
1
8 (cm). Cm ng t ti M c ln l:
A. 1,0.10
-5
(T) B. 1,1.10
-5
(T) C. 1,2.10
-5
(T) D.
1,3.10
-5
(T)
4.32 Hai dy dn thng, di song song cch nhau cch nhau 40 (cm). Trong hai
dy c hai dng in cng cng I
1
= I
2
= 100 (A), cng chiu chy qua. Cm
ng t do h hai dng in gy ra ti im M nm trong mt phng hai dy,
cch dng I
1
10 (cm), cch dng I
2
30 (cm) c ln l:
A. 0 (T) B. 2.10
-4
(T) C. 24.10
-5
(T) D. 13,3.10
-5
(T)
30. Bi tp v t trng
4.33 Mt ng dy di 50 (cm), cng dng in chy qua mi vng dy l 2
(A). cm ng t bn trong ng dy c ln B = 25.10
-4
(T). S vng dy ca
ng dy l:
A. 250 B. 320 C. 418 D. 497
4.34 Mt si dy ng c ng knh 0,8 (mm), lp sn cch in bn ngoi rt
mng. Dng si dy ny qun mt ng dy c di l = 40 (cm). S vng dy
trn mi mt chiu di ca ng dy l:
A. 936 B. 1125 C. 1250 D. 1379
69
4.35 Mt si dy ng c ng knh 0,8 (mm), in tr R = 1,1 (), lp sn
cch in bn ngoi rt mng. Dng si dy ny qun mt ng dy di l =
40 (cm). Cho dng in chy qua ng dy th cm ng t bn trong ng dy c
ln B = 6,28.10
-3
(T). Hiu in th hai u ng dy l:
A. 6,3 (V) B. 4,4 (V) C. 2,8 (V) D. 1,1 (V)
4.36 Mt dy dn rt di cng thng, gia dy c un thnh vng
trn bn knh R = 6 (cm), ti ch cho nhau dy dn c cch in.
Dng in chy trn dy c cng 4 (A). Cm ng t ti tm vng
trn do dng in gy ra c ln l:
A. 7,3.10
-5
(T) B. 6,6.10
-5
(T)
C. 5,5.10
-5
(T) D. 4,5.10
-5
(T)
4.37 Hai dng in c cng I
1
= 6 (A) v I
2
= 9 (A) chy trong hai dy dn
thng, di song song cch nhau 10 (cm) trong chn khng I
1
ngc chiu I
2
. Cm
ng t do h hai dng in gy ra ti im M cch I
1
6 (cm) v cch I
2
8 (cm) c
ln l:
A. 2,0.10
-5
(T) B. 2,2.10
-5
(T) C. 3,0.10
-5
(T) D.
3,6.10
-5
(T)
4.38 Hai dy dn thng di song song cch nhau 10 (cm) trong khng kh, dng
in chy trong hai dy c cng cng 5 (A) ngc chiu nhau. Cm ng t ti
im M cch u hai dng in mt khong 10 (cm) c ln l:
A. 1.10
-5
(T) B. 2.10
-5
(T) C. 2 .10
-5
(T) D. 3 .10
-5
(T)
31. Tng tc gia hai dng in thng song song. nh
ngha ampe
4.39 Pht biu no sau y khng ng?
A. Lc tng tc gia hai dng in thng song song c phng nm trong
mt phng hai dng in v vung gc vi hai dng in.
B. Hai dng in thng song song cng chiu ht nhau, ngc chiu y nhau.
C. Hai dng in thnh song song ngc chiu ht nhau, cng chiu y
nhau.
D. Lc tng tc gia hai dng in thng song song c ln t l thun vi
cng ca hai dng in.
4.40 Khi tng ng thi cng dng in trong c hai dy dn thng song
song ln 3 ln th lc t tc dng ln mt n v di ca mi dy s tng ln:
A. 3 ln B. 6 ln C. 9 ln D. 12 ln
4.41 Hai dy dn thng, di song song v cch nhau 10 (cm) trong chn khng,
dng in trong hai dy cng chiu c cng I
1
= 2 (A) v I
2
= 5 (A). Lc t
tc dng ln 20 (cm) chiu di ca mi dy l:
A. lc ht c ln 4.10
-6
(N) B. lc ht c ln 4.10
-7
(N)
C. lc y c ln 4.10
-7
(N) D. lc y c ln 4.10
-6
(N)
4.42 Hai dy dn thng, di song song t trong khng kh. Dng in chy
trong hai dy c cng cng 1 (A). Lc t tc dng ln mi mt chiu di ca
mi dy c ln l 10
-6
(N). Khong cch gia hai dy l:
A. 10 (cm) B. 12 (cm) C. 15 (cm) D. 20 (cm)
70
4.43 Hai dy dn thng song song mang dng in I
1
v I
2
t cch nhau mt
khong r trong khng kh. Trn mi n v di ca mi dy chu tc dng ca
lc t c ln l:
A.
2
2 1
7
10 . 2
r
I I
F

B.
2
2 1
7
10 . 2
r
I I
F

C.
r
I I
F
2 1
7
10 . 2

D.
2
2 1
7
10 . 2
r
I I
F

4.44 Hai vng dy trn cng bn knh R = 10 (cm) ng trc v cch nhau
1(cm). Dng in chy trong hai vng dy cng chiu, cng cng I
1
= I
2
= 5
(A). Lc tng tc gia hai vng dy c ln l
A. 1,57.10
-4
(N) B. 3,14.10
-4
(N)
C. 4.93.10
-4
(N) D. 9.87.10
-4
(N)
32. Lc Lorenx
4.45 Lc Lorenx l:
A. lc t tc dng ln ht mang in chuyn ng trong t trng.
B. lc t tc dng ln dng in.
C. lc t tc dng ln ht mang in t ng yn trong t trng.
D. lc t do dng in ny tc dng ln dng in kia.
4.46 Chiu ca lc Lorenx c xc nh bng:
A. Qui tc bn tay tri. B. Qui tc bn tay phi.
C. Qui tc ci inh c. D. Qui tc vn nt chai.
4.47 Chiu ca lc Lorenx ph thuc vo
A. Chiu chuyn ng ca ht mang in.
B. Chiu ca ng sc t.
C. in tch ca ht mang in.
D. C 3 yu t trn
4.48 ln ca lc Lorex c tnh theo cng thc
A.
vB q f
B.
sin vB q f

C.
tan qvB f
D.
cos vB q f
4.49 Phng ca lc Lorenx
A. Trng vi phng ca vect cm ng t.
B. Trng vi phng ca vect vn tc ca ht mang in.
C. Vung gc vi mt phng hp bi vect vn tc ca ht v vect cm ng
t.
D. Trng vi mt phng to bi vect vn tc ca ht v vect cm ng t.
4.50 Chn pht biu ng nht.
Chiu ca lc Lorenx tc dng ln ht mang in chuyn ng trn trong t tr-
ng
A. Trng vi chiu chuyn ng ca ht trn ng trn.
B. Hng v tm ca qu o khi ht tch in dng.
C. Hng v tm ca qu o khi ht tch in m.
D. Lun hng v tm qu o khng ph thuc in tch m hay dng.
71
4.51 Mt electron bay vo khng gian c t trng u c cm ng t B = 0,2 (T)
vi vn tc ban u v
0
= 2.10
5
(m/s) vung gc vi
B
. Lc Lorenx tc dng vo
electron c ln l:
A. 3,2.10
-14
(N) B. 6,4.10
-14
(N) C. 3,2.10
-15
(N) D. 6,4.10
-15
(N)
4.52 Mt electron bay vo khng gian c t trng u c cm ng t B = 10
-4
(T)
vi vn tc ban u v
0
= 3,2.10
6
(m/s) vung gc vi
B
, khi lng ca electron l
9,1.10
-31
(kg). Bn knh qu o ca electron trong t trng l:
A. 16,0 (cm) B. 18,2 (cm) C. 20,4 (cm) D. 27,3 (cm)
4.53 Mt ht prtn chuyn ng vi vn tc 2.10
6
(m/s) vo vng khng gian c
t trng u B = 0,02 (T) theo hng hp vi vect cm ng t mt gc 30
0
. Bit
in tch ca ht prtn l 1,6.10
-19
(C). Lc Lorenx tc dng ln ht c ln
l.
A. 3,2.10
-14
(N) B. 6,4.10
-14
(N) C. 3,2.10
-15
(N) D. 6,4.10
-15
(N)
4.54 Mt electron bay vo khng gian c t trng u
B
vi vn tc ban u
0
v

vung gc cm ng t. Qu o ca electron trong t trng l mt ng trn c
bn knh R. Khi tng ln ca cm ng t ln gp i th:
A. bn knh qu o ca electron trong t trng tng ln gp i
B. bn knh qu o ca electron trong t trng gim i mt na
C. bn knh qu o ca electron trong t trng tng ln 4 ln
D. bn knh qu o ca electron trong t trng gim i 4 ln
33. Khung dy c dng in t trong t trng
4.55 Mt khung dy dn mang dng in t trong t trng u. Kt lun
no sau y l khng ng?
A. Lun c lc t tc dng ln tt c cc cnh ca khung
B. Lc t tc dng ln cc cnh ca khung khi mt phng khung dy khng
song song vi ng sc t
C. Khi mt phng khung dy vung gc vi vect cm ng t th khung dy
trng thi cn bng
D. Mmen ngu lc t c tc dng lm quay khung dy v trng thi cn bng
bn
4.56 Mt khung dy dn phng, din tch S, mang dng in I t trong t tr-
ng u B, mt phng khung dy song song vi cc ng sc t. Mmen ngu
lc t tc dng ln khung dy l:
A. M = 0 B. M = IBS C. M = IB/S D. M = IS/B
4.57 Mt khung dy mang dng in I t trong t trng
u, mt phng khung dy vung gc vi ng cm ng
t (Hnh v). Kt lun no sau y l ng v lc t tc
dng ln cc cnh ca khung dy
A. bng khng
B. c phng vung gc vi mt phng khung dy
C. nm trong mt phng khung dy, vung gc vi cc
cnh v c tc dng ko dn khung
D. nm trong mt phng khung dy, vung gc vi cc
cnh v c tc dng nn khung
72
I
B
4.58 Mt khung dy mang dng in I t trong t trng
u, mt phng khung dy cha cc ng cm ng t,
khung c th quay xung quanh mt trc 00' thng ng
nm trong mt phng khung (Hnh v). Kt lun no sau
y l ng?
A. lc t tc dng ln cc cnh u bng khng
B. lc t tc dng ln cnh NP & QM bng khng
C. lc t tc dng ln cc cnh trit tiu nhau lm cho
khung dy ng cn bng
D. lc t gy ra mmen c tc dng lm cho khung dy
quay quanh trc 00'
4.59 Khung dy dn hnh vung cnh a = 20 (cm) gm c 10 vng dy, dng
in chy trong mi vng dy c cng I = 2 (A). Khung dy t trong t tr-
ng u c cm ng t B = 0,2 (T), mt phng khung dy cha cc ng cm
ng t. Mmen lc t tc dng ln khung dy c ln l:
A. 0 (Nm) B. 0,016 (Nm) C. 0,16 (Nm) D. 1,6 (Nm)
4.60 Chn cu sai
Mmen ngu lc t tc dng ln mt khung dy c dng in t trong t tr-
ng u
A. t l thun vi din tch ca khung.
B. c gi tr ln nht khi mt phng khung vung gc vi ng sc t.
C. c gi tr ln nht khi mt phng khung song song vi ng sc t.
D. ph thuc vo cng dng in trong khung.
4.61 Mt khung dy phng nm trong t trng u, mt phng khung dy
cha cc ng sc t. Khi gim cng dng in i 2 ln v tng cm ng t
ln 4 ln th mmen lc t tc dng ln khung dy s:
A. khng i B. tng 2 ln C. tng 4 ln D.
gim 2 ln
4.62 Mt khung dy dn hnh ch nht ABCD t trong t trng u c cm
ng t B = 5.10
-2
(T). Cnh AB ca khung di 3 (cm), cnh BC di 5 (cm). Dng
in trong khung dy c cng I = 5 (A). Gi tr ln nht ca mmen ngu lc
t tc dng ln khung dy c ln l:
A. 3,75.10
-4
(Nm) B. 7,5.10
-3
(Nm) C. 2,55 (Nm) D. 3,75 (Nm)
4.63 Mt khung dy cng hnh ch nht c kch thc 2 (cm) x 3 (cm) t trong
t trng u. Khung c 200 vng dy. Khi cho dng in c cng 0,2 (A) i
vo khung th mmen ngu lc t tc dng vo khung c gi tr ln nht l
24.10
-4
(Nm). Cm ng t ca t trng c ln l:
A. 0,05 (T) B. 0,10 (T) C. 0,40 (T) D. 0,75 (T)
34. S t ho, cc cht st t
A. Cht thun t l cht b nhim t rt mnh, cht nghch t l cht khng b
nhim t
B. Cht thun t v cht nghch t u b t ha khi t trong t trng v
b mt t tnh khi t trng ngoi mt i.
C. Cc nam chm l cc cht thun t.
D. St v cc hp cht ca st l cc cht thun t.
73
B
I
M
Q
P
N
0
0'
4.65 Cc cht st t b nhim t rt mnh l do:
A. trong cht st t c cc min nhim t t nhin ging nh cc kim nam
chm nh
B. trong cht st t c cc dng in phn t gy ra t trng
C. cht st t l cht thun t
D. cht st t l cht nghch t
4.66 Chn cu pht biu ng?
A. T tnh ca nam chm vnh cu l khng i, khng ph thuc cc yu t
bn ngoi
B. Nam chm in l mt ng dy c li st, khi c dng in chy qua ng
dy li st b nhim t, khi ngt dng in qua ng dy t tnh ca li st
khng b mt i
C. Nam chm in l mt ng dy c li st, khi c dng in chy qua ng
dy li st b nhim t rt mnh, khi ngt dng in qua ng dy t tnh
ca li st b mt i
D. Nam chm vnh cu l cc nam chm c trong t nhin, con ngi khng
to ra c
A. Cc cht st t c ng dng ch to ra cc nam chm in v nam
chm vnh cu.
B. Cc cht st t c ng dng ch to li thp ca cc ng c, my
bin th.
C. Cc cht st t c ng dng ch to bng t ghi m, ghi hnh.
D. Cc cht st t c ng dng ch to ra cc dng c o lng khng b
nh hng bi t trng bn ngoi.
35. T trng Tri t
4.68 t thin l
A. gc lch gia kinh tuyn t v mt phng nm ngang
B. gc lch gia kinh tuyn t v mt phng xch o ca tri t
C. gc lch gia kinh tuyn t v kinh tuyn a l
D. gc lch gia kinh tuyn t v v tuyn a l
A. t thin dng ng vi trng hp cc bc ca kim la bn lch v pha
ng, t thin m ng vi trng hp cc bc ca kim la bn lch v pha
ty
B. t thin dng ng vi trng hp cc bc ca kim la bn lch v pha ty,
t thin m ng vi trng hp cc bc ca kim la bn lch v pha ng
C. t thin dng ng vi trng hp cc bc ca kim la bn lch v pha
bc, t thin m ng vi trng hp cc bc ca kim la bn lch v pha
nam
D. t thin dng ng vi trng hp cc bc ca kim la bn lch v pha
nam, t thin m ng vi trng hp cc bc ca kim la bn lch v pha
bc
4.70 t khuynh l:
A. gc hp bi kim nam chm ca la bn v mt phng nm ngang
74
B. gc hp bi kim nam chm ca la bn v mt phng thng ng
C. gc hp bi kim nam chm ca la bn v kinh tuyn a l
D. gc hp bi kim nam chm ca la bn v mt phng xch o ca tri t
A. t khuynh dng khi cc bc ca kim nam chm ca la bn nm di mt
phng ngang, t khuynh m khi cc bc ca kim nam chm ca la bn
nm pha trn mt phng ngang
B. t khuynh dng khi cc bc ca kim nam chm ca la bn nm trn
mt phng ngang, t khuynh m khi cc bc ca kim nam chm ca la
bn nm pha di mt phng ngang
C. t khuynh dng khi cc bc ca kim nam chm ca la bn lch v hng
bc, t khuynh m khi cc bc ca kim nam chm ca la bn lch v h-
ng nam
D. t khuynh dng khi cc bc ca kim nam chm ca la bn lch v hng
ng, t khuynh m khi cc bc ca kim nam chm ca la bn lch v
hng nam
4.72 Chn cu pht biu khng ng.
A. C t thin l do cc cc t ca tri t khng trng vi cc a cc
B. t thin v t khuynh ph thuc v tr a l
C. Bc cc c t khuynh dng, nam cc c t khuynh m
D. Bc cc c t khuynh m, nam cc c t khuynh dng
A. Hin nay cc t bc ca tri t nm ti bc cc, cc t nam ca tri t
nm ti nam cc
B. Hin nay cc t bc ca tri t nm ti nam cc, cc t nam ca tri t
nm ti bc cc
C. Hin nay cc t bc ca tri t nm gn bc cc, cc t nam ca tri t
nm gn nam cc
D. Hin nay cc t bc ca tri t nm gn nam cc, cc t nam ca tri
t nm gn bc cc
4.74 Chn cu pht biu khng ng.
A. Bo t l s bin i ca t trng tri t xy ra trong mt khong thi
gian rt di
B. Bo t l s bin i ca t trng tri t xy ra trong mt khong thi
gian ngn
C. Bo t l s bin i ca t trng tri t trn qui m hnh tinh
D. Bo t mnh nh hng n vic lin lc v tuyn trn hnh tinh
36. Bi tp v lc t
4.75 Mt dy dn c gp thnh khung dy c dng tam gic
vung cn MNP. Cnh MN = NP = 10 (cm). t khung dy vo
trong t trng u B = 10
-2
(T) c chiu nh hnh v. Cho dng
in I c cng 10 (A) vo khung dy theo chiu MNPM.
Lc t tc dng vo cc cnh ca khung dy l
A. F
MN
= F
NP
= F
MP
= 10
-2
(N)
B. F
MN
= 10
-2
(N), F
NP
= 0 (N), F
MP
= 10
-2
(N)
75
B
P
M
N
C. F
MN
= 0 (N), F
NP
= 10
-2
(N), F
MP
= 10
-2
(N)
D. F
MN
= 10
-3
(N), F
NP
= 0 (N), F
MP
= 10
-3
(N)
4.76 Mt dy dn c gp thnh khung dy c dng tam gic
vung MNP. Cnh MN = 30 (cm), NP = 40 (cm). t khung dy
vo trong t trng u B = 10
-2
(T) vung gc vi mt phng
khung dy c chiu nh hnh v. Cho dng in I c cng
10 (A) vo khung dy theo chiu MNPM. Lc t tc dng vo
cc cnh ca khung dy l
A. F
MN
= 0,03 (N), F
NP
= 0,04 (N), F
MP
= 0,05 (N). Lc t tc
dng ln cc cnh c tc dng nn khung
B. F
MN
= 0,03 (N), F
NP
= 0,04 (N), F
MP
= 0,05 (N). Lc t tc dng ln cc cnh c
tc dng ko dn khung
C. F
MN
= 0,003 (N), F
NP
= 0,004 (N), F
MP
= 0,007 (N). Lc t tc dng ln cc cnh
c tc dng nn khung
D. F
MN
= 0,003 (N), F
NP
= 0,004 (N), F
MP
= 0,007 (N). Lc t tc dng ln cc cnh
c tc dng ko dn khung khung
4.77 Thanh MN di l = 20 (cm) c khi lng 5 (g) treo nm
ngang bng hai si ch mnh CM v DN. Thanh nm trong t
trng u c cm ng t B = 0,3 (T) nm ngang vung gc
vi thanh c chiu nh hnh v. Mi si ch treo thanh c th
chu c lc ko ti a l 0,04 (N). Dng in chy qua
thanh MN c cng nh nht l bao nhiu th mt trong
hai si ch treo thanh b t. Cho gia tc trng trng g = 9,8
(m/s
2
)
A. I = 0,36 (A) v c chiu t M n N
B. I = 0,36 (A) v c chiu t N n M
C. I = 0,52 (A) v c chiu t M n N
D. I = 0,52 (A) v c chiu t N n M
4.78 Mt ht tch in chuyn ng trong t trng u, mt phng qu o
ca ht vung gc vi ng sc t. Nu ht chuyn ng vi vn tc v
1
= 1,8.10
6
(m/s) th lc Lorenx tc dng ln ht c gi tr f
1
= 2.10
-6
(N), nu ht chuyn
ng vi vn tc v
2
= 4,5.10
7
(m/s) th lc Lorenx tc dng ln ht c gi tr l
A. f
2
= 10
-5
(N) B. f
2
= 4,5.10
-5
(N)
C. f
2
= 5.10
-5
(N) D. f
2
= 6,8.10
-5
(N)
4.79 Ht c khi lng m = 6,67.10
-27
(kg), in tch q = 3,2.10
-19
(C). Xt mt
ht c vn tc ban u khng ng k c tng tc bi mt hiu in th
U = 10
6
(V). Sau khi c tng tc n bay vo vng khng gian c t trng u
B = 1,8 (T) theo hng vung gc vi ng sc t. Vn tc ca ht trong t tr-
ng v lc Lorenx tc dng ln ht c ln l
A. v = 4,9.10
6
(m/s) v f = 2,82.110
-12
(N)
B. v = 9,8.10
6
(m/s) v f = 5,64.110
-12
(N)
C. v = 4,9.10
6
(m/s) v f = 1.88.110
-12
(N)
D. v = 9,8.10
6
(m/s) v f = 2,82.110
-12
(N)
4.80 Hai ht bay vo trong t trng u vi cng vn tc. Ht th nht c khi lng
m
1
= 1,66.10
-27
(kg), in tch q
1
= - 1,6.10
-19
(C). Ht th hai c khi lng m
2
=
76
B
P
M
N
B
D C
N
M
6,65.10
-27
(kg), in tch q
2
= 3,2.10
-19
(C). Bn knh qu o ca ht th nht
l R
1
= 7,5 (cm) th bn knh qu o ca ht th hai l
A. R
2
= 10 (cm) B. R
2
= 12 (cm) C. R
2
= 15 (cm) D. R
2
= 18 (cm)
37. Thc hnh: Xc nh thnh phn nm ngang ca t trng Tri t
4.81 Mt khung dy trn bn knh R = 10 (cm), gm 50 vng dy c dng in
10 (A) chy qua, t trong khng kh. ln cm ng t ti tm khung dy l:
A. B = 2.10
-3
(T). B. B = 3,14.10
-3
(T).
C. B = 1,256.10
-4
(T). D. B = 6,28.10
-3
(T).
4.82 T trng ti im M do dng in th nht gy ra c vect cm ng t
1 B
, do dng in th hai gy ra c vect cm ng t
2 B
, hai vect
1 B
v
2 B
c h-
ng vung gc vi nhau. ln cm ng t tng hp c xc nh theo cng thc:
A. B = B
1
+ B
2
. B. B = B
1
- B
2
. C. B = B
2
B
1
. D. B =
2
2
2
1
B B +
4.83 T trng ti im M do dng in th nht gy ra c vect cm ng t
1 B
, do dng in th hai gy ra c vect cm ng t
2 B
, hai vect
1 B
v
2 B
c h-
ng vung gc vi nhau. Gc hp bi vect cm ng t tng hp
B
vi vect
1 B

l c tinh theo cng thc:
A. tan =
2
1
B
B
B. tan =
1
2
B
B
C. sin =
B
B
1
D.
cos =
B
B
2
26. T trng
4.1 Chn: D
77
Hng dn: Ngi ta nhn ra t trng tn ti xung quanh dy dn mang dng
in bng 3 cch: c lc tc dng ln mt dng in khc t cnh n, hoc
c lc tc dng ln mt kim nam chm t cnh n, hoc c lc tc dng ln
mt ht mang in chuyn ng dc theo n.
4.2 Chn: A
Hng dn: Tnh cht c bn ca t trng l gy ra lc t tc dng ln nam
chm hoc ln dng in t trong n.
4.3 Chn: A
Hng dn: T ph l hnh nh ca cc ng mt st cho ta hnh nh ca cc
ng sc t ca t trng.
4.4 Chn: B
Hng dn: Tnh cht ca ng sc t l:
- Qua bt k im no trong t trng ta cng c th v c mt ng sc t.
- Qua mt im trong t trng ta ch c th v c mt ng sc t, tc l
cc ng sc t khng ct nhau.
- ng sc mau ni c cm ng t ln, ng sc tha ni c cm ng t nh.
- Cc ng sc t l nhng ng cong kn.
4.5 Chn: C
Hng dn: T trng u l t trng c cc ng sc song song v cch u
nhau, cm ng t ti mi ni u bng nhau.
4.6 Chn: C
Hng dn: Xung quanh mi in tch ng yn ch tn ti in trng.
4.7 Chn: C
Hng dn: Cc ng sc t lun l nhng ng cong kn.
4.8 Chn: C
Hng dn:
* Dy dn mang dng in tng tc vi:
- cc in tch chuyn ng.
- nam chm ng yn.
- nam chm chuyn ng.
* Dy dn mang dng in khng tng tc vi cc in tch ng yn.
27. Phng v chiu ca lc t tc dng ln dng in
4.9 Chn: C
Hng dn:Mt dng in t trong t trng vung gc vi ng sc t, chiu
ca lc t tc dng vo dng in s khng thay i khi ng thi i
chiu dng in v i chiu cm ng t.
4.10 Chn: D
Hng dn: p dng quy tc bn tay tri ta c lc t tc dng ln on dy
dn c phng nm ngang hng t phi sang tri.
4.11 Chn: C
Hng dn: Chiu ca lc t tc dng ln on dy dn mang dng in, thng
c xc nh bng quy tc bn tay tri.
4.12 Chn: D
78
Hng dn: Lc t tc dng ln dng in c phng vung gc vi mt phng
cha dng in v ng cm ng t.
4.13 Chn: C
Hng dn:
- Lc t tc dng ln dng in i chiu khi i chiu dng in.
- Lc t tc dng ln dng in i chiu khi i chiu ng cm ng t.
- Lc t tc dng ln dng in khng i chiu khi ng thi i chiu
28. Cm ng t. nh lut Ampe
4.14 Chn: B
Hng dn: Cm ng t c trng cho t trng ti mt im v phng din tc
dng lc, ph thuc vo bn thn t trng ti im .
4.15 Chn: C
Hng dn: Lc t tc dng ln on dy dn mang dng in c xc nh
theo cng thc F = B.I.l.sin
4.16 Chn: A
Hng dn: p dng cng thc F = B.I.l.sin ta thy khi dy dn song song vi cc
ng cm ng t th = 0, nn khi tng cng dng in th lc t vn
bng khng.
4.17 Chn: B
Hng dn: p dng cng thc F = B.I.l.sin vi = 90
0
, l = 5 (cm) = 0,05 (m), I =
0,75 (A), F = 3.10
-2
(N). Cm ng t ca t trng c ln l B = 0,8 (T).
4.18 Chn: B
Hng dn: Mt on dy dn thng mang dng in I t trong t trng
u th lc t tc dng ln mi phn ca on dy.
4.19 Chn: B
Hng dn: p dng cng thc F = B.I.l.sin vi l = 6 (cm) = 0,06 (m), I = 5 (A), F
= 7,5.10
-2
(N) v B = 0,5 (T) ta tnh c = 30
0
4.20 Chn: A
Hng dn: p dng quy tc bn tay tri.
29. T trng ca mt s dng in c dng n gin
4.21 Chn: D
Hng dn: ng sc t ca t trng gy ra bi dng in thng di l nhng
ng trn ng tm nm trong mt phng vung gc vi dy dn.
4.22 Chn: C
Hng dn: p dng cng thc tnh cm ng t do dng in thng di gy ra
ti mt im trong t trng, cch dng in mt khong r l
r
I
10 . 2 B
7
4.23 Chn: C
r
I
10 . 2 B
7
4.24 Chn: B
79
Hng dn: p dng cng thc tnh cm ng t ti tm ca khung dy trn bn
knh R l
R
I
10 . . 2 B
7

4.25 Chn: A
Hng dn: Mt dy dn thng di c dng in I chy qua. Hai im M v N
nm trong cng mt mt phng cha dy dn, i xng vi nhau qua dy
th M v N u nm trn mt ng sc t, vect cm ng t ti M v N c
chiu ngc nhau, c ln bng nhau.
4.26 Chn: D
r
I
10 . 2 B
7
4.27 Chn: A
r
I
10 . 2 B
7
4.28 Chn: A
r
I
10 . 2 B
7
4.29 Chn: D
Hng dn:
- Cm ng t do dng in I
1
gy ra ti im M c ln
1
1 7
1
r
I
10 . 2 B

.
2
gy ra ti im M c ln
2
2 7
2
r
I
10 . 2 B

.
- cm ng t ti M l B = 0 th hai vect
1 B
v
2 B
phi cng phng, ngc
chiu, cng ln. T ta tnh c cng I
2
1
4.30 Chn: B
Hng dn:
- im M nm trong mt phng ca hai dy v cch u hai dy c r
1
= r
2
=
16 (cm).
1
gy ra ti im M c ln
1
1 7
1
r
I
10 . 2 B

=
6,25.10
-6
(T).
2
gy ra ti im M c ln
2
2 7
2
r
I
10 . 2 B

=
1,25.10
-6
(T).
- Theo nguyn l chng cht t trng, cm ng t ti M l
2 1 B B B +
, do M nm
trong khong gia hai dng in ngc chiu nn hai vect
1 B
v
2 B
cng hng,
suy ra B = B
1
+ B
2
= 7,5.10
-6
(T).
4.31 Chn: C
Hng dn: Xem hng dn v lm tng t cu 4.30
4.32 Chn: C
80
30. Bi tp v t trng
4.33 Chn: D
Hng dn: p dung cng thc B = 4..10
-7
.n.I v N = n.l vi n l s vng dy trn
mt n v di, N l s vng ca ng dy.
4.34 Chn: C
Hng dn:
- S vng ca ng dy l: N = l/d = 500 (vng).
- S vng dy trn mi mt chiu di l: n = N/l = 1250 (vng).
4.35 Chn: B
Hng dn:
- S vng ca ng dy l: N = l/d = 500 (vng). Vi d = 0,8 (mm).
- S vng dy trn mi mt chiu di l: n = N/l = 1250 (vng).
- Cm ng t trong lng n dy l: B = 4..10
-7
.n.I suy ra I = 4(A).
- Hiu in th gia hai u ng dy l U = I.R = 4,4 (V).
4.36 Chn: C
Hng dn:
- Cm ng t do dng in thng gy ra ti tm O ca vng dy l:
r
I
10 . 2 B
7
1

= 1,3.10
-5
(T).
- Cm ng t do dng in trong vng dy trn gy ra ti tm O ca vng
dy l:
r
I
10 . . 2 B
7
2

= 4,2.10
-5
(T).
- p dng quy tc vn inh c xc nh chiu ca vect cm ng t ta
thy hai vect
1 B
v
2 B
cng hng.
- Theo nguyn l chng cht t trng, cm ng t ti tm O l
2 1 B B B +
, do
hai vect
1 B
v
2 B
cng hng nn B = B
1
+ B
2
= 5,5.10
-5
(T).
4.37 Chn: C
Hng dn:
- Gi v tr ca hai dng in I
1
, I
2
l A, B im cn tm cm ng t l C ta
thy tam gic ABC l tam gic vung ti C.
- Cm ng t do dng in thng I
1
gy ra ti C l:
1
1 7
1
r
I
10 . 2 B

= 2.10
-5
(T).
- Cm ng t do dng in thng I
2
gy ra ti C l:
2
2 7
2
r
I
10 . 2 B

= 2,25.10
-5
(T).
- p dng quy tc vn inh c xc nh chiu ca vect cm ng t ta
thy hai vect
1 B
v
2 B
c hng vung gc vi nhau.
- Theo nguyn l chng cht t trng, cm ng t ti tm O l
2 1 B B B +
, do
hai vect
1 B
v
2 B
c hng vung gc nn B =
2
2
2
1
B B + = 3,0.10
-5
(T).
4.38 Chn: A
Hng dn: Xem hng dn v lm tng t bi 4.30
81
31. Tng tc gia hai dng in thng song song. nh ngha ampe
4.39 Chn: C
Hng dn: Hai dng in thng song song cng chiu ht nhau, ngc chiu
y nhau.
4.40 Chn: C
Hng dn: p dng cng thc F =
r
I I
10 . 2
2 1 7
, khi tng ng thi I
1
v I
2
ln 3
ln th F tng ln 9 ln.
4.41 Chn: A
Hng dn: p dng cng thc F = l .
r
I I
10 . 2
2 1 7
= 4.10
-6
(N), hai dng in cng
chiu nn ht nhau.
4.42 Chn: D
r
I I
10 . 2
2 1 7
, vi I
1
= I
2
= 1 (A), F = 10
-6
(N) ta
tnh c r = 20 (cm).
4.43 Chn: C
r
I I
10 . 2
2 1 7
4.44 Chn: B
Hng dn: p dng cng thc F = l .
r
I I
10 . 2
2 1 7
vi l = 2..R
32. Lc Lorenx
4.45 Chn: A
Hng dn: Lc Lorenx l lc t tc dng ln ht mang in chuyn ng
trong t trng.
4.46 Chn: A
Hng dn: Chiu ca lc Lorenx c xc nh bng qui tc bn tay tri.
Ni dung quy tc bn tay tri: Xo bn tay tri hng cc ng cm ng t,
chiu t c tay n cc ngn tay ch chiu chuyn ng ca in tch th
ngn tai ci choi ra 90
0
ch chiu ca lc Lorenx ng vi in tch dng v
ngc chiu lc Lorenx vi in tch m.
4.47 Chn: D
Hng dn: Chiu ca lc Lorenx ph thuc vo: chiu chuyn ng ca ht
mang in, chiu ca ng sc t vdng in du in tch ca ht mang
in.
4.48 Chn: B
Hng dn: ln ca lc Lorex c tnh theo cng thc
sin vB q f

4.49 Chn: C
Hng dn: Phng ca lc Lorenx vung gc vi mt phng hp bi vect vn
tc ca ht v vect cm ng t.
4.50 Chn: D
82
Hng dn: Chiu ca lc Lorenx tc dng ln ht mang in chuyn ng
trn trong t trng lun hng v tm qu o khng ph thuc in tch m
hay dng.
4.51 Chn: D
sin vB q f
= 6,4.10
-15
(N)
4.52 Chn: B
Hng dn:
- p dng cng thc
sin vB q f
= 5,12.10
-17
(N)
- Lc lorenx ng vai tr lc hng tm: f = F
ht
=
R
v
m
2
0
suy ra R = 18,2 (cm)
4.53 Chn: C
sin vB q f
= 3,2.10
-15
(N)
4.54 Chn: B
Hng dn:
- p dng cng thc
sin vB q f
- Lc lorenx ng vai tr lc hng tm: f = F
ht
=
R
v
m
2
0
- Khi B tng 2 ln th R gim 2 ln.
33. Khung dy c dng in t trong t trng
4.55 Chn: A
Hng dn: Khi vect cm ng t song song vi cnh ca khung th khng c lc
t tc dng ln cnh ca khung.
4.56 Chn: B
Hng dn: Mmen ngu lc t c gi tr M = IBS
4.57 Chn: C
Hng dn: Dng quy tc bn tay tri xc nh chiu ca lc t tc dng ln
tng on dy dn.
4.58 Chn: D
Hng dn: Dng quy tc bn tay tri xc nh chiu ca lc t tc dng ln
tng on dy dn.
4.59 Chn: C
Hng dn: p dng cng thc M = N.I.B.S
4.60 Chn: B
Hng dn: Mmen ngu lc t tc dng ln mt khung dy c dng in t
trong t trng u c gi tr nh nht khi mt phng khung vung gc vi -
ng sc t.
4.61 Chn: B
Hng dn: p dng cng thc M = I.B.S
4.62 Chn: A
Hng dn: p dng cng thc M = I.B.S
4.63 Chn: B
Hng dn: p dng cng thc M = N.I.B.S
83
34. S t ho, cc cht st t
4.64 Chn: B
Hng dn: Cht thun t v cht nghch t u b t ha khi t trong t tr-
ng v b mt t tnh khi t trng ngoi mt i.
4.65 Chn: A
Hng dn: Cc cht st t b nhim t rt mnh l do trong cht st t c cc
min nhim t t nhin ging nh cc kim nam chm nh
4.66 Chn: C
Hng dn: Nam chm in l mt ng dy c li st, khi c dng in chy
qua ng dy li st b nhim t rt mnh, khi ngt dng in qua ng dy
t tnh ca li st b mt i.
4.67 Chn: D
Hng dn: Cc cht st t c ng dng ch to ra cc nam chm in v
nam chm vnh cu, li thp ca cc ng c, my bin th, bng t ghi
m, ghi hnh, a cng, a mm ca my vi tnh .....
35. T trng Tri t
4.68 Chn: C
Hng dn: Theo nh ngha: t thin l gc lch gia kinh tuyn t v kinh
tuyn a l.
4.69 Chn: A
Hng dn: t thin dng ng vi trng hp cc bc ca kim la bn lch v
pha ng, t thin m ng vi trng hp cc bc ca kim la bn lch v
pha ty.
4.70 Chn: A
Hng dn: t khuynh l gc hp bi kim nam chm ca la bn v mt
phng nm ngang.
4.71 Chn: A
Hng dn: t khuynh dng khi cc bc ca kim nam chm ca la bn nm
di mt phng ngang, t khuynh m khi cc bc ca kim nam chm ca
la bn nm pha trn mt phng ngang.
4.72 Chn: D
Hng dn: Bc cc c t khuynh dng, nam cc c t khuynh m.
4.73 Chn: D
Hng dn: Hin nay cc t bc ca tri t nm gn nam cc, cc t nam ca
tri t nm gn bc cc.
4.74 Chn: A
Hng dn: Bo t l s bin i ca t trng tri t xy ra trong mt khong
thi gian ngn.
36. Bi tp v lc t
4.75 Chn: B
Hng dn: p dng cng thc F = B.I.l.sin
4.76 Chn: A
Hng dn: p dng cng thc F = B.I.l.sin
84
4.77 Chn: D
Hng dn:
- Thanh chu tc dng ca 4 lc: lc t F = B.I.l, trng lc P = m.g, lc cng T
ca hai dy.
- si dy khng b t th F + P = 2.T
max
4.78 Chn: C
sin vB q f
4.79 Chn: B
Hng dn:
- Khi ht chuyn ng trong in trng n thu c vn tc v: gii theo phn
in trng.
- Khi c vn tc v ht bay vo t trng, n chiu tc dng ca lc Lorenx
sin vB q f
4.80 Chn: C
Hng dn: Xem hng dn v lm tng t bi 4.52
37. Thc hnh: Xc nh thnh phn nm ngang ca t trng Tri t
4.81 Chn: D
Hng dn: p dng cng thc: B = 2..10
-7
.N.
R
I
4.82 Chn: D
Hng dn: V hai vect
1 B
v
2 B
c hng vung gc vi nhau.
4.83 Chn: B
Hng dn: Xem hnh v
Chng V. Cm ng in t
1. T thng qua din tch S:
= BS.cos
2. Sut in ng cm ng trong mch in kn:
t
e
c

- ln sut in ng cm ng trong mt on dy chuyn ng:
e
c
= Bvlsin
- Sut in ng t cm:
t
I
L e
c

3. Nng lng t trng trong ng dy:
2
LI
2
1
W
4. Mt nng lng t trng:
2 7
B 10
8
1

85

II. Cu hi v bi tp
38. Hin tng cm ng in t
Sut in ng cm ng trong mch in kn
5.1 Mt din tch S t trong t trng u c cm ng t B, gc gia vect
cm ng t v cect php tuyn l . T thng qua din tch S c tnh theo
cng thc:
A. = BS.sin B. = BS.cos C. = BS.tan D. = BS.ctan
5.2 n v ca t thng l:
A. Tesla (T). B. Ampe (A). C. Vbe (Wb). D. Vn (V).
A. Mt khung dy dn hnh ch nht, quay u trong mt t trng u
quanh mt trc i xng OO song song vi cc ng cm ng t th trong
khung c xut hin dng in cm ng.
B. Mt khung dy dn hnh ch nht, quay u trong mt t trng u
quanh mt trc i xng OO song song vi cc ng cm ng t th trong
khung khng c dng in cm ng.
C. Mt khung dy dn hnh ch nht, quay u trong mt t trng u
quanh mt trc i xng OO vung vi cc ng cm ng t th trong khung
c xut hin dng in cm ng.
D. Mt khung dy dn hnh ch nht, quay u trong mt t trng u
quanh mt trc i xng OO hp vi cc ng cm ng t mt gc nhn th
trong khung c xut hin dng in cm ng.
A. Mt khung dy hnh ch nht chuyn ng thng u trong t trng
u sao cho mt phng khung lun song song vi cc ng cm ng t th
trong khung xut hin dng in cm ng.
B. Mt khung dy hnh ch nht chuyn ng thng u trong t trng
u sao cho mt phng khung lun vung gc vi cc ng cm ng t th
trong khung xut hin dng in cm ng.
C. Mt khung dy hnh ch nht chuyn ng thng u trong t trng
u sao cho mt phng khung hp vi cc ng cm ng t mt gc nhn
th trong khung xut hin dng in cm ng.
D. Mt khung dy dn hnh ch nht, quay u trong mt t trng u
quanh mt trc i xng OO hp vi cc ng cm ng t mt gc nhn th
trong khung c xut hin dng in cm ng.
A. Khi c s bin i t thng qua mt gii hn bi mt mch in, th trong
mch xut hin sut in ng cm ng. Hin tng gi l hin tng cm
ng in t.
86
B. Dng in xut hin khi c s bin thin t thng qua mch in kn gi
l dng in cm ng.
C. Dng in cm ng c chiu sao cho t trng do n sinh ra lun ngc chiu
vi chiu ca t trng sinh ra n.
D. Dng in cm ng c chiu sao cho t trng do n sinh ra c tc dng
chng li nguyn nhn sinh ra n.
5.6 ln ca sut in ng cm ng trong mt mch kn c xc nh theo
cng thc:
A.
t
e
c
B.
t . e
c

C.
t
e
c D.
t
e
c

5.7 Khung dy dn ABCD c t trong t tr-
ng u nh hnh v 5.7. Coi rng bn ngoi
vng MNPQ khng c t trng. Khung chuyn
ng dc theo hai ng xx, yy. Trong khung s
xut hin dng in cm ng khi:
A. Khung ang chuyn ng ngoi vng NMPQ.
B. Khung ang chuyn ng trong vng NMPQ.
C. Khung ang chuyn ng ngoi vo trong vng NMPQ.
D. Khung ang chuyn ng n gn vng NMPQ.
5.8 T thng qua mt khung dy bin i, trong khong thi gian 0,2 (s) t
thng gim t 1,2 (Wb) xung cn 0,4 (Wb). Sut in ng cm ng xut hin
trong khung c ln bng:
A. 6 (V). B. 4 (V). C. 2 (V). D. 1 (V).
5.9 T thng qua mt khung dy bin i, trong khong thi gian 0,1 (s) t
thng tng t 0,6 (Wb) n 1,6 (Wb). Sut in ng cm ng xut hin trong
khung c ln bng:
A. 6 (V). B. 10 (V). C. 16 (V). D. 22 (V).
5.10 Mt hnh ch nht kch thc 3 (cm) x 4 (cm) t trong t trng u c
cm ng t B = 5.10
-4
(T). Vect cm ng t hp vi mt phng mt gc 30
0
. T
thng qua hnh ch nht l:
A. 6.10
-7
(Wb). B. 3.10
-7
(Wb). C. 5,2.10
-7
(Wb). D. 3.10
-3
(Wb).
5.11 Mt hnh vung cnh 5 (cm), t trong t trng u c cm ng t B =
4.10
-4
(T). T thng qua hnh vung bng 10
-6
(Wb). Gc hp bi vect cm
ng t v vect php tuyn vi hnh vung l:
A. = 0
0
. B. = 30
0
. C. = 60
0
. D. = 90
0
.
5.12 Mt khung dy phng, din tch 20 (cm
2
), gm 10 vng dy t trong t
trng u. Vect cm ng t lm thnh vi mt phng khung dy mt gc 30
0
v c ln B = 2.10
-4
(T). Ngi ta lm cho t trng gim u n khng trong
khong thi gian 0,01 (s). Sut in ng cm ng xut hin trong khung dy
trong khong thi gian t trng bin i l:
A. 3,46.10
-4
(V). B. 0,2 (mV). C. 4.10
-4
(V). D. 4 (mV).
5.13 Mt khung dy phng, din tch 25 (cm
2
) gm 10 vng dy, khung dy
c t trong t trng c cm ng t vung gc vi mt phng khung v c
87
M N
x A B
x

y D C
y
Q P
Hnh 5.7
ln tng dn t 0 n 2,4.10
-3
(T) trong khong thi gian 0,4 (s). Sut in ng
cm ng xut hin trong khung trong khong thi gian c t trng bin thin l:
A. 1,5.10
-2
(mV). B. 1,5.10
-5
(V). C. 0,15 (mV). D. 0,15 (V).
5.14 Mt khung dy cng, t trong t trng tng dn u nh hnh v 5.14.
Dng in cm ng trong khung c chiu:

Hnh 5.14
39. Sut in ng cm ng trong mt oan dy dn chuyn ng
5.15 Nguyn nhn gy ra sut in ng cm ng trong thanh dy dn
chuyn ng trong t trng l:
A. Lc ho hc tc dng ln cc lectron lm cc lectron dch chuyn t u
ny sang u kia ca thanh.
B. Lc Lorenx tc dng ln cc lectron lm cc lectron dch chuyn t u
ny sang u kia ca thanh.
C. Lc ma st gia thanh v mi trng ngoi lm cc lectron dch chuyn t
u ny sang u kia ca thanh.
D. Lc t tc dng ln on dy dn khng c dng in t trong t trng
lm cc lectron dch chuyn t u ny sang u kia ca thanh.
A. t bn tay tri hng cc ng sc t, ngn tay ci choi ra 90
0
hng theo
chiu chuyn ng ca on dy, khi on dy dn ng vai tr nh
mt ngun in, chiu t c tay n cc ngn tay ch chiu t cc m
sang cc dng ca ngun in .
B. t bn tay phi hng cc ng sc t, ngn tay ci choi ra 90
0
hng theo
chiu chuyn ng ca on dy, khi on dy dn ng vai tr nh
mt ngun in, chiu t c tay n cc ngn tay ch chiu t cc m
sang cc dng ca ngun in .
C. t bn tay phi hng cc ng sc t, chiu t c tay n cc ngn tay
hng theo chiu chuyn ng ca on dy, khi on dy dn ng vai
tr nh mt ngun in, ngn tay ci choi ra 90
0
ch chiu t cc m sang
cc dng ca ngun in .
D. t bn tay tri hng cc ng sc t, chiu t c tay n cc ngn tay h-
ng theo chiu chuyn ng ca on dy, khi on dy dn ng vai
tr nh mt ngun in, ngn tay ci choi ra 90
0
ch chiu t cc m sang
cc dng ca ngun in .
A. Mt thanh dy dn chuyn ng thng u trong mt t trng u sao
cho thanh lun nm dc theo mt ng sc in th trong thanh xut hin
mt in trng cm ng.
B. Mt thanh dy dn chuyn ng dc theo mt ng sc t ca mt t tr-
ng u sao cho thanh lun vung gc vi ng sc t th trong thanh xut
hin mt in trng cm ng.
88
I
A
I
B
I
C
I
D
C. Mt thanh dy dn chuyn ng ct cc ng sc t ca mt t trng
u sao cho thanh lun vung gc vi ng sc t th trong thanh xut hin
mt in trng cm ng.
D. Mt thanh dy dn chuyn ng theo mt qu o bt k trong mt t tr-
ng u sao cho thanh lun nm dc theo cc ng sc in th trong
thanh xut hin mt in trng cm ng.
5.18 My pht in hot ng theo nguyn tc da trn:
A. hin tng mao dn.
B. hin tng cm ng in t.
C. hin tng in phn.
D. hin tng khc x nh sng.
5.19 Mt thanh dy dn di 20 (cm) chuyn ng tnh tin trong t trng u
c B = 5.10
-4
(T). Vect vn tc ca thanh vung gc vi thanh, vung gc vi
vect cm ng t v c ln 5 (m/s). Sut in ng cm ng trong thanh l:
A. 0,05 (V). B. 50 (mV). C. 5 (mV). D. 0,5 (mV).
5.20 Mt thanh dn in di 20 (cm) c ni hai u ca n vi hai u ca
mt mch in c in tr 0,5 (). Cho thanh chuyn ng tnh tin trong t
trng u cm ng t B = 0,08 (T) vi vn tc 7 (m/s), vect vn tc vung gc
vi cc ng sc t v vung gc vi thanh, b qua in tr ca thanh v cc
dy ni. Cng dng in trong mch l:
A. 0,224 (A). B. 0,112 (A). C. 11,2 (A). D. 22,4 (A).
5.21 Mt thanh dn in di 40 (cm), chuyn ng tnh tin trong t trng
u, cm ng t bng 0,4 (T). Vect vn tc ca thanh vung gc vi thanh v
hp vi cc ng sc t mt gc 30
0
, ln v = 5 (m/s). Sut in ng gia hai
u thanh l:
A. 0,4 (V). B. 0,8 (V). C. 40 (V). D. 80 (V).
0
. Sut in ng gia hai u thanh bng
0,2 (V). Vn tc ca thanh l:
A. v = 0,0125 (m/s). B. v = 0,025 (m/s). C. v = 2,5 (m/s). D. v = 1,25
(m/s).
40. Dng in Fu-c
A. Dng in cm ng c sinh ra trong khi vt dn khi chuyn ng trong
t trng hay t trong t trng bin i theo thi gian gi l dng in
Fuc.
B. Dng in xut hin khi c s bin thin t thng qua mch in kn gi
l dng in cm ng.
C. Dng in Fuc c sinh ra khi khi kim loi chuyn ng trong t trng,
c tc dng chng li chuyn ng ca khi kim loi .
D. Dng in Fuc ch c sinh ra khi khi vt dn chuyn ng trong t tr-
ng, ng thi to nhit lm khi vt dn nng ln.
5.24 Mun lm gim hao ph do to nhit ca dng in Fuc gy trn khi kim
loi, ngi ta thng:
89
A. chia khi kim loi thnh nhiu l kim loi mng ghp cch in vi nhau.
B. tng dn in cho khi kim loi.
C. c khi kim loi khng c phn rng bn trong.
D. sn ph ln khi kim loi mt lp sn cch in.
5.25 Khi s dng in, dng in Fuc s xut hin trong:
A. Bn l in. B. Bp in. C. Qut in. D. Siu
in.
5.26 Khi s dng in, dng in Fuc khng xut hin trong:
A. Qut in. B. L vi sng. C. Ni cm in.D. Bp t.
A. Sau khi qut in hot ng, ta thy qut in b nng ln. S nng ln
ca qut in mt phn l do dng in Fuc xut hin trong li st ca ca
qut in gy ra.
B. Sau khi siu in hot ng, ta thy nc trong siu nng ln. S nng ln ca
nc ch yu l do dng in Fuc xut hin trong nc gy ra.
C. Khi dng l vi sng nng bnh, bnh b nng ln. S nng ln ca bnh l
do dng in Fuc xut hin trong bnh gy ra.
D. My bin th dng trong gia nh khi hot ng b nng ln. S nng ln
ca my bin th ch yu l do dng in Fuc trong li st ca my bin
th gy ra.
41. Hin tng t cm
A. Hin tng cm ng in t trong mt mch in do chnh s bin i ca
dng in trong mch gy ra gi l hin tng t cm.
B. Sut in ng c sinh ra do hin tng t cm gi l sut in ng t
cm.
C. Hin tng t cm l mt trng hp c bit ca hin tng cm ng in t.
D. Sut in ng cm ng cng l sut in ng t cm.
5.29 n v ca h s t cm l:
A. Vn (V). B. Tesla (T). C. Vbe (Wb). D. Henri (H).
5.30 Biu thc tnh sut in ng t cm l:
A.
t
I
L e

B. e = L.I C. e = 4. 10
-7
.n
2
.V D.
I
t
L e

5.31 Biu thc tnh h s t cm ca ng dy di l:
A.
t
I
e L

B. L = .I C. L = 4. 10
-7
.n
2
.V D.
I
t
e L

5.32 Mt ng dy c h s t cm L = 0,1 (H), cng dng in qua ng dy
gim u n t 2 (A) v 0 trong khong thi gian l 4 (s). Sut in ng t
cm xut hin trong ng trong khong thi gian l:
A. 0,03 (V). B. 0,04 (V). C. 0,05 (V). D. 0,06 (V).
5.33 Mt ng dy c h s t cm L = 0,1 (H), cng dng in qua ng dy
tng u n t 0 n 10 (A) trong khong thi gian l 0,1 (s). Sut in
ng t cm xut hin trong ng trong khong thi gian l:
A. 0,1 (V). B. 0,2 (V). C. 0,3 (V). D. 0,4 (V).
90
5.34 Mt ng dy di 50 (cm), din tch tit din ngang ca ng l 10 (cm
2
)
gm 1000 vng dy. H s t cm ca ng dy l:
A. 0,251 (H). B. 6,28.10
-2
(H). C. 2,51.10
-2
(mH). D. 2,51 (mH).
5.35 Mt ng dy c qun vi mt 2000
vng/mt. ng dy c th tch 500 (cm
3
). ng dy
c mc vo mt mch in. Sau khi ng cng
tc, dng in trong ng bin i theo thi gian
nh trn hnh 5.35. Sut in ng t cm trong
ng t sau khi ng cng tc n thi im 0,05
(s) l:
A. 0 (V). B. 5 (V). C. 100 (V). D. 1000 (V).
5.36 Mt ng dy c qun vi mt 2000 vng/mt. ng dy c th tch
500 (cm
3
). ng dy c mc vo mt mch in. Sau khi ng cng tc, dng
in trong ng bin i theo thi gian nh trn hnh 5.35. Sut in ng
t cm trong ng t thi im 0,05 (s) v sau l:
A. 0 (V). B. 5 (V). C. 10 (V). D. 100 (V).
42. Nng lng t trng
A. Khi c dng in chy qua ng dy th trong ng dy tn ti mt nng lng
di dng nng lng in trng.
B. Khi c dng in chy qua ng dy th trong ng dy tn ti mt nng lng
di dng c nng.
C. Khi t in c tch in th trong t in tn ti mt nng lng di dng
nng lng t trng.
D. Khi c dng in chy qua ng dy th trong ng dy tn ti mt nng l-
ng di dng nng lng t trng.
5.38 Nng lng t trng trong cun dy khi c dng in chy qua c xc nh
theo cng thc:
A.
2
CU
2
1
W
B.
2
LI
2
1
W
C. w =
8 . 10 . 9
E
9
2
D. w =
V B 10 .
8
1
2 7
5.39 Mt nng lng t trng c xc nh theo cng thc:

A.
2
CU
2
1
W
B.
2
LI
2
1
W
C. w =
8 . 10 . 9
E
9
2
D. w =
2 7
B 10 .
8
1
5.40 Mt ng dy c h s t cm L = 0,01 (H), c dng in I = 5 (A) chy ng

dy. Nng lng t trng trong ng dy l:
A. 0,250 (J). B. 0,125 (J). C. 0,050 (J). D. 0,025 (J).
5.41 Mt ng dy c h s t cm L = 0,01 (H). Khi c dng in chy qua ng,
ng dy c nng lng 0,08 (J). Cng dng in trong ng dy bng:
A. 2,8 (A). B. 4 (A). C. 8 (A). D. 16 (A).
5.42 Mt ng dy di 40 (cm) c tt c 800 vng dy. Din tch tit din
ngang ca ng dy bng 10 (cm
2
). ng dy c ni vi mt ngun in, cng
dng in qua ng dy tng t 0 n 4 (A). Ngun in cung cp cho
ng dy mt nng lng l:
91
I(A)
5
O 0,05
t(s)
Hnh 5.35
A. 160,8 (J). B. 321,6 (J). C. 0,016 (J). D. 0,032 (J).
43. Bi tp v cm ng in t
5.43 Mt khung dy dn hnh ch nht c kch thc 3 (cm) x 4 (cm) c t
trong t trng u cm ng t B = 5.10
-4
(T). Vect cm ng t hp vi mt
phng khung mt gc 30
0
. T thng qua khung dy dn l:
A. 3.10
-3
(Wb). B. 3.10
-5
(Wb). C. 3.10
-7
(Wb). D.
6.10
-7
(Wb).
5.44 Mt khung dy phng c din tch 20 (cm
2
) gm 100 vng dy c t
trong t trng u c vect cm ng t vung gc vi mt phng khung dy
v c ln bng 2.10
-4
(T). Ngi ta cho t trng gim u n n 0 trong
khong thi gian 0,01 (s). Sut in ng cm ng xut hin trong khung l:
A. 40 (V). B. 4,0 (V). C. 0,4 (V). D. 4.10
-3
(V).
5.45 Mt khung dy phng c din tch 25 (cm
2
) gm 100 vng dy c t
trong t trng u c vect cm ng t vung gc vi mt phng khung dy
v c ln bng 2,4.10
-3
(T). Ngi ta cho t trng gim u n n 0 trong
khong thi gian 0,4 (s). Sut in ng cm ng xut hin trong khung l:
A. 1,5 (mV). B. 15 (mV). C. 15 (V). D. 150 (V).
5.46 Dng in qua mt ng dy gim u theo thi gian t I
1
= 1,2 (A) n I
2
= 0,4 (A) trong thi gian 0,2 (s). ng dy c h s t cm L = 0,4 (H). Sut in
ng t cm trong ng dy l:
A. 0,8 (V). B. 1,6 (V). C. 2,4 (V). D. 3,2 (V).
5.47 Dng in qua ng dy tng dn theo thi gian t I
1
= 0,2 (A) n I
2
= 1,8
(A) trong khong thi gian 0,01 (s). ng dy c h s t cm L = 0,5 (H). Sut
in ng t cm trong ng dy l:
A. 10 (V). B. 80 (V). C. 90 (V). D. 100 (V).
0
, ln v = 5 (m/s). Sut in ng gia hai
u thanh l:
A. 0,4 (V). B. 0,8 (V). C. 40 (V). D. 80 (V).
38. Hin tng cm ng in t
Sut in ng cm ng trong mch in kn
5.1 Chn: B
Hng dn: Mt din tch S t trong t trng u c cm ng t B, gc gia
vect cm ng t v cect php tuyn l . T thng qua din tch S c
tnh theo cng thc = BS.cos
5.2 Chn: C
Hng dn: n v ca t thng l Vbe (Wb).
5.3 Chn: A
Hng dn: Mt khung dy dn hnh ch nht, quay u trong mt t trng
u quanh mt trc i xng OO song song vi cc ng cm ng t th t
thng trong qua khung khng bin thin, trong khung khng xut hin dng
in cm ng.
92
5.4 Chn: D
Hng dn: Mt khung dy dn hnh ch nht, quay u trong mt t trng
u quanh mt trc i xng OO hp vi cc ng cm ng t mt gc nhn
th t thng qua khung bin thin, trong khung c xut hin dng in cm
ng.
5.5 Chn: C
Hng dn: Dng in cm ng c chiu sao cho t trng do n sinh ra c tc
dng chng li nguyn nhn sinh ra n. Khi t thng tng th t trng do
dng in cm ng sinh ra ngc chiu vi t trng sinh ra n, v ngc li khi
t thng gim th t trng do dng in cm ng sinh ra cng chiu vi t tr-
ng sinh ra n
5.6 Chn: A
Hng dn: ln ca sut in ng cm ng trong mt mch kn c xc
nh theo cng thc
t
e
c
5.7 Chn: C
Hng dn: Khung dy dn ABCD c t trong t trng u nh hnh v 5.7.
Coi rng bn ngoi vng MNPQ khng c t trng. Khung chuyn ng dc
theo hai ng xx, yy. Trong khung s xut hin dng in cm ng khi
khung ang chuyn ng ngoi vo trong vng NMPQ v khi t thng
qua khung bin thin.
5.8 Chn: B
t
e
c
5.9 Chn: B
t
e
c
5.10 Chn: B
Hng dn: T thng qua din tch S c tnh theo cng thc = BS.cos
5.11 Chn: A
Hng dn: p dng cng thc = BS.cos
5.12 Chn: B
t
. N e
c
v = BS.cos
5.13 Chn: C
t
. N e
c
v = BS.cos
5.14 Chn: A
Hng dn: p dng nh lut Lenx xc nh chiu dng in cm ng.
39. Sut in ng cm ng trong mt oan dy dn chuyn ng
5.15 Chn: B
Hng dn: Nguyn nhn gy ra sut in ng cm ng trong thanh dy
dn chuyn ng trong t trng l lc Lorenx tc dng ln cc lectron lm
cc lectron dch chuyn t u ny sang u kia ca thanh.
5.16 Chn: B
93
Hng dn: Quy tc bn tay phi xc nh chiu ca sut in ng
trong thanh: t bn tay phi hng cc ng sc t, ngn tay ci choi ra 90
0
hng theo chiu chuyn ng ca on dy, khi on dy dn ng vai
tr nh mt ngun in, chiu t c tay n cc ngn tay ch chiu t cc
m sang cc dng ca ngun in .
5.17 Chn: C
Hng dn: Mt thanh dy dn chuyn ng ct cc ng sc t ca mt t
trng u sao cho thanh lun vung gc vi ng sc t th trong thanh xut
hin mt in trng cm ng.
5.18 Chn: B
Hng dn: My pht in hot ng theo nguyn tc da trn hin tng cm
ng in t.
5.19 Chn: D
Hng dn: p dung cng thc e = B.v.l.sin
5.20 Chn: A
Hng dn:
- p dung cng thc e = B.v.l.sin
- p dung cng thc
r R
I
+
E
5.21 Chn: A
5.22 Chn: C
40. Dng in Fu-c
5.23 Chn: D
Hng dn: Dng in cm ng c sinh ra trong khi vt dn khi chuyn ng
trong t trng hay t trong t trng bin i theo thi gian gi l dng
in Fuc.
5.24 Chn: A
Hng dn: Mun lm gim hao ph do to nhit ca dng in Fuc gy trn
khi kim loi, ngi ta thng chia khi kim loi thnh nhiu l kim loi mng
ghp cch in vi nhau.
5.25 Chn: C
Hng dn: Khi s dng in dng in Fuc s xut hin trong li st ca qut
in.
5.26 Chn: C
Hng dn: Trong k thut hin i ngi ta dng dng in Fuc lm chn
thc n trong l vi sng, hoc bp t.
5.27 Chn: B
Hng dn: Sau khi siu in hot ng, ta thy nc trong siu nng ln. S nng
ln ca nc ch yu l do dy dn trong siu in c dng in chy qua, to
nhit theo nh lut Jun Lenx.
41. Hin tng t cm
94
5.28 Chn: D
Hng dn: Sut in ng t cm l trng hp c bit ca sut in ng
cm ng.
5.29 Chn: D
Hng dn: n v ca h s t cm l Henri (H).
5.30 Chn: A
Hng dn: Biu thc tnh sut in ng t cm l
t
I
L e

5.31 Chn: C
Hng dn: Biu thc tnh h s t cm ca ng dy di l L = 4. 10
-7
.n
2
.V
5.32 Chn: C
Hng dn: p dng cng thc tnh ln ca sut in ng t cm l
t
I
L e
5.33 Chn: A
t
I
L e
5.34 Chn: D
Hng dn: p dng cng thc L = 4. 10
-7
.n
2
.V
5.35 Chn: C
Hng dn:
- p dng cng thc L = 4. 10
-7
.n
2
.V
- p dng cng thc tnh ln ca sut in ng t cm l
t
I
L e
5.36 Chn: A
42. Nng lng t trng
5.37 Chn: D
Hng dn: Khi c dng in chy qua ng dy th trong ng dy tn ti mt
nng lng di dng nng lng t trng.
Nng lng in trng tn ti trong t in khi c tch in.
5.38 Chn: B
Hng dn: Nng lng t trng trong cun dy khi c dng in chy qua c
xc nh theo cng thc
2
LI
2
1
W
5.39 Chn: D
Hng dn: Mt nng lng t trng c xc nh theo cng thc w =
2 7
B 10 .
8
1
5.40 Chn: B
2
LI
2
1
W
5.41 Chn: B
95
2
LI
2
1
W
5.42 Chn: C
Hng dn:
- p dng cng thc L = 4. 10
-7
.n
2
.V
- p dng cng thc
2
LI
2
1
W
43. Bi tp v cm ng in t
5.43 Chn: C
Hng dn: p dng cng thc = BS.cos
5.44 Chn: D
Hng dn:
- p dng cng thc = BS.cos
- p dng cng thc
t
. N e
c
5.45 Chn: A
5.46 Chn: B
t
I
L e
5.47 Chn: B
5.48 Chn: A
Phn hai: Quang hc
Chng VI. Khc x nh sng
1. nh lut khc x nh sng:
Tia khc x nm trong mt phng ti.
Tia ti v tia khc x nm hai bn ng php tuyn ti im ti.
T s gia sin gc ti v sin gc khc x l hng s:
n
s sin
i sin

(Hng s n c gi l chit sut t i ca mi trng khc x i vi mi trng
ti).
2. Chit sut ca mt mi trng
- Chit sut t i ca mi trng 2 i vi mi trng 1 bng t s gia cc tc
truyn nh sng v
1
v v
2
trong mi trng 1 v mi trng 2
2
1
1
2
21
v
v
n
n
n n
n
1
v n
2
l cc chit sut ruyt i ca mi trng 1 v mi trng 2.
- Cng thc khc x:
96
sini = nsinr n
1
sini = n
2
sinr.
3. Hin tng phn x ton phn:
Hin tng phn x ton phn ch xy ra trong trng hp mi trng ti chit
quang hn mi trng khc x (n
1
> n
2
) v gc ti ln hn mt gi tr i
gh
:
i > i
gh
vi sini
gh
= n
2
/n
1
II. Cu hi v bi tp
44. Khc x nh sng
A. Chit sut t i ca mi trng chit quang nhiu so vi mi trng chit
quang t th nh hn n v.
B. Mi trng chit quang km c chit sut tuyt i nh hn n v.
C. Chit sut t i ca mi trng 2 so vi mi trng 1 bng t s chit sut
tuyt i n
2
ca mi trng 2 vi chit sut tuyt i n
1
ca mi trng 1.
D. Chit sut t i ca hai mi trng lun ln hn n v v vn tc nh
sng trong chn khng l vn tc ln nht.
6.2 Vi mt tia sng n sc, chit sut tuyt i ca nc l n
1
, ca thu tinh l
n
2
. Chit sut t i khi tia sng truyn t nc sang thu tinh l:
A. n
21
= n
1
/n
2
B. n
21
= n
2
/n
1
C. n
21
= n
2
n
1
D. n
12
= n
1

n
2
6.3 Chn cu tr li ng.
Trong hin tng khc x nh sng:
A. gc khc x lun b hn gc ti.
B. gc khc x lun ln hn gc ti.
C. gc khc x t l thun vi gc ti.
D. khi gc ti tng dn th gc khc x cng tng dn.
6.4 Chit sut t i gia mi trng khc x vi mi trng ti
A. lun ln hn 1.
B. lun nh hn 1.
C. bng t s gia chit sut tuyt i ca mi trng khc x v chit sut
tuyt i ca mi trng ti.
D. bng hiu s gia chit sut tuyt i ca mi trng khc x v chit sut
tuyt i ca mi trng ti.
6.5 Chn cu ng nht.
Khi tia sng i t mi trng trong sut n
1
ti mt phn cch vi mi trng trong
sut n
2
(vi n
2
> n
1
), tia sng khng vung gc vi mt phn cch th
A. tia sng b gy khc khi i qua mt phn cch gia hai mi trng.
B. tt c cc tia sng u b khc x v i vo mi trng n
2
.
C. tt c cc tia sng u phn x tr li mi trng n
1
.
D. mt phn tia sng b khc x, mt phn b phn x.
6.6 Chit sut tuyt i ca mt mi trng truyn nh sng
A. lun ln hn 1. B. lun nh hn 1.
C. lun bng 1. D. lun ln hn 0.
97
6.7 Chiu mt tia sng n sc i t khng kh vo mi trng c chit sut n,
sao cho tia phn x vung gc vi tia khc x. Khi gc ti i c tnh theo cng
thc
A. sini = n B. sini = 1/n C. tani = n D. tani = 1/n
6.8 Mt b cha nc c thnh cao 80 (cm) v y phng di 120 (cm) v cao
mc nc trong b l 60 (cm), chit sut ca nc l 4/3. nh nng chiu theo ph-
ng nghing gc 30
0
so vi phng ngang. di bng en to thnh trn mt nc
l
A. 11,5 (cm) B. 34,6 (cm) C. 63,7 (cm) D. 44,4 (cm)
6.9 Mt b cha nc c thnh cao 80 (cm) v y phng di 120 (cm) v cao
mc nc trong b l 60 (cm), chit sut ca nc l 4/3. nh nng chiu theo ph-
ng nghing gc 30
0
so vi phng ngang. di bng en to thnh trn y b
l:
A. 11,5 (cm) B. 34,6 (cm) C. 51,6 (cm) D. 85,9 (cm)
6.10 Mt im sng S nm trong cht lng (chit sut n), cch mt cht lng
mt khong 12 (cm), pht ra chm sng hp n gp mt phn cch ti im I
vi gc ti rt nh, tia l truyn theo phng IR. t mt trn phng IR nhn thy
nh o S ca S dng nh cch mt cht lng mt khong 10 (cm). Chit sut ca
cht lng l
A. n = 1,12 B. n = 1,20 C. n = 1,33 D. n = 1,40
6.11 Cho chit sut ca nc n = 4/3. Mt ngi nhn mt hn si nh S mn y
mt b nc su 1,2 (m) theo phng gn vung gc vi mt nc, thy nh S nm
cch mt nc mt khong bng
A. 1,5 (m) B. 80 (cm) C. 90 (cm) D. 1 (m)
6.12 Mt ngi nhn hn si di y mt b nc thy nh ca n dng nh cch
mt nc mt khong 1,2 (m), chit sut ca nc l n = 4/3. su ca b l:
A. h = 90 (cm) B. h = 10 (dm) C. h = 15 (dm) D. h =
1,8 (m)
6.13 Mt ngi nhn xung y mt chu nc (n = 4/3). Chiu cao ca lp nc
trong chu l 20 (cm). Ngi thy y chu dng nh cch mt nc mt khong
bng
A. 10 (cm) B. 15 (cm) C. 20 (cm) D. 25 (cm)
6.14 Mt bn mt song song c b dy 10 (cm), chit sut n = 1,5 c t
trong khng kh. Chiu ti bn mt tia sng SI c gc ti 45
0
khi tia l khi bn
s
A. hp vi tia ti mt gc 45
0
. B. vung gc vi tia ti.
C. song song vi tia ti. D. vung gc vi bn mt song
song.
6.15 Mt bn mt song song c b dy 10 (cm), chit sut n = 1,5 c t
trong khng kh. Chiu ti bn mt tia sng SI c gc ti 45
0
. Khong cch gia
gi ca tia ti v tia l l:
A. a = 6,16 (cm). B. a = 4,15 (cm). C. a = 3,25 (cm). D. a = 2,86 (cm).
6.16 Mt bn hai mt song song c b dy 6 (cm), chit sut n = 1,5 c t
trong khng kh. im sng S cch bn 20 (cm). nh S ca S qua bn hai mt
song song cch S mt khong
A. 1 (cm). B. 2 (cm). C. 3 (cm). D. 4 (cm).
98
6.17 Mt bn hai mt song song c b dy 6 (cm), chit sut n = 1,5 c t
trong khng kh. im sng S cch bn 20 (cm). nh S ca S qua bn hai mt
song song cch bn hai mt song song mt khong
A. 10 (cm). B. 14 (cm). C. 18 (cm). D. 22(cm).
45. Phn x ton phn
A. Khi c phn x ton phn th ton b nh sng phn x tr li mi trng ban
u cha chm tia sng ti.
B. Phn x ton phn ch xy ra khi nh sng i t mi trng chit quang
sang mi trng km cht quang hn.
C. Phn x ton phn xy ra khi gc ti ln hn gc gii hn phn x ton phn
i
gh
.
D. Gc gii hn phn x ton phn c xc nh bng t s gia chit sut ca
mi trng km chit quang vi mi trng chit quang hn.
6.19 Khi mt chm tia sng phn x ton phn ti mt phn cch gia hai mi tr-
ng th
A. cng sng ca chm khc x bng cng sng ca chm ti.
B. cng sng ca chm phn x bng cng sng ca chm ti.
C. cng sng ca chm khc x b trit tiu.
D. c B v C u ng.
A. Ta lun c tia khc x khi tia sng i t mi trng c chit sut nh sang
mi trng c chit sut ln hn.
B. Ta lun c tia khc x khi tia sng i t mi trng c chit sut ln sang mi
trng c chit sut nh hn.
C. Khi chm tia sng phn x ton phn th khng c chm tia khc x.
D. Khi c s phn x ton phn, cng sng ca chm phn x gn nh bng
cng sng ca chm sng ti.
6.21 Khi nh sng i t nc (n = 4/3) sang khng kh, gc gii hn phn x ton
phn c gi tr l:
A. i
gh
= 41
0
48. B. i
gh
= 48
0
35. C. i
gh
= 62
0
44. D. i
gh
= 38
0
26.
6.22 Tia sng i t thu tinh (n
1
= 1,5) n mt phn cch vi nc (n
2
= 4/3).
iu kin ca gc ti i khng c tia khc x trong nc l:
A. i 62
0
44. B. i < 62
0
44. C. i < 41
0
48. D. i < 48
0
35.
6.23 Cho mt tia sng i t nc (n = 4/3) ra khng kh. S phn x ton phn xy
ra khi gc ti:
A. i < 49
0
. B. i > 42
0
. C. i > 49
0
. D. i > 43
0
.
6.24 Mt ming g hnh trn, bn knh 4 (cm). tm O, cm thng gc mt
inh OA. Th ming g ni trong mt chu nc c chit sut n = 1,33. inh OA
trong nc, cho OA = 6 (cm). Mt t trong khng kh s thy u A cch mt
nc mt khong ln nht l:
A. OA = 3,64 (cm). B. OA = 4,39 (cm). C. OA = 6,00 (cm). D. OA=8,74
(cm).
99
6.25 Mt ming g hnh trn, bn knh 4 (cm). tm O, cm thng gc mt
inh OA. Th ming g ni trong mt chu nc c chit sut n = 1,33. inh OA
trong nc, cho OA = 6 (cm). Mt t trong khng kh, chiu di ln nht ca OA
mt khng thy u A l:
A. OA = 3,25 (cm). B. OA = 3,53 (cm). C. OA = 4,54 (cm). D. OA= 5,37
(cm).
46. Bi tp v khc x nh sng v phn x ton phn
6.26 Mt ngn n nh S t y mt b nc (n = 4/3), cao mc nc h =
60 (cm). Bn knh r b nht ca tm g trn ni trn mt nc sao cho khng mt
tia sng no t S lt ra ngoi khng kh l:
A. r = 49 (cm). B. r = 53 (cm). C. r = 55 (cm). D. r =
51 (cm).
6.27 Chiu mt chm tia sng song song trong khng kh ti mt nc ( n = 4/3) vi
gc ti l 45
0
. Gc hp bi tia khc x v tia ti l:
A. D = 70
0
32. B. D = 45
0
. C. D = 25
0
32. D. D =
12
0
58.
6.28 Mt chu nc cha mt lp nc dy 24 (cm), chit sut ca nc l n = 4/3.
Mt t trong khng kh, nhn gn nh vung gc vi mt nc s thy y chu
dng nh cch mt nc mt on bng
A. 6 (cm). B. 8 (cm). C. 18 (cm). D. 23 (cm).
6.29* Mt ci chu t trn mt mt phng nm ngang, cha mt lp nc dy
20 (cm), chit sut n = 4/3. y chu l mt gng phng. Mt M cch mt nc
30 (cm), nhn thng gc xung y chu. Khong cch t nh ca mt ti mt
nc l:
A. 30 (cm). B. 45 (cm). C. 60 (cm). D. 70 (cm).
44. Khc x nh sng
6.1 Chn: A
Hng dn:
- Chit sut t i c th ln hn, nh hn hoc bng 1. Chit sut tuyt
i lun ln hn n v.
- Chit sut t i ca mi trng chit quang nhiu so vi mi trng chit
quang t th nh hn n v.
6.2 Chn: B
Hng dn: Vi mt tia sng n sc, chit sut tuyt i ca nc l n
1
, ca
thu tinh l n
2
. Chit sut t i khi tia sng truyn t nc sang thu tinh
tc l chit sut t i ca thu tinh i vi nc n
21
= n
2
/n
1
6.3 Chn: D
Hng dn: p dng cng thc nh lut khc x nh sng
1
2
n
n
r sin
i sin
ta thy khi i
tng th r cng tng.
6.4 Chn: C
Hng dn: Chit sut t i gia mi trng khc x vi mi trng ti bng t s
gia chit sut tuyt i ca mi trng khc x v chit sut tuyt i ca
mi trng ti.
100
6.5 Chn: D
Hng dn: Khi tia sng i t mi trng trong sut n
1
ti mt phn cch vi mi
trng trong sut n
2
(vi n
2
> n
1
), tia sng khng vung gc vi mt phn cch
th mt phn tia sng b khc x, mt phn b phn x.
6.6 Chn: A
Hng dn: Chit sut tuyt i ca mt mi trng truyn nh sng lun ln
hn 1.
6.7 Chn: C
Hng dn:
- p dng nh lut phn x nh sng, tia phn x v tia khc x vung gc vi
nhau ta c r + i = 90
0
hay l r + i = 90
0
.
- p dng nh lut khc x nh sng:
1
2
n
n
r sin
i sin

1
2
0
n
n
) i 90 sin(
i sin
tani = n
21
=
n.
6.8 Chn: B
Hng dn: di bng en to thnh trn mt nc l (80 60).tan30
0
= 34,6
(cm)
6.9 Chn: D
Hng dn:
- di phn bng en trn mt nc l a = 34,6 (cm).
- di phn bng en trn y b l b = 34,6 + 60.tanr trong r c tnh
n
r sin
i sin
suy ra b = 85,9 (cm).

6.10 Chn: B
Hng dn: p dng cng thc lng cht phng khi nh sng i t mi trng n ra
khng kh
n
1
d
' d
suy ra n =
10
12
= 1,2
6.11 Chn: C
Hng dn: p dng cng thc lng cht phng khi nh sng i t mi trng n ra
khng kh
n
1
d
' d
suy ra d = 0,9 (m)

6.12 Chn: C
6.13 Chn: B
6.14 Chn: C
Hng dn: Dng nh lut khc x ti hai mt ca bn hai mt song song.
6.15 Chn: A
Hng dn: Vn dng nh lut khc x nh sng v kt hp gii hnh hc
phng.
6.16 Chn: B
Hng dn: p dng cng thc nh ca mt im sng qua bn hai mt song
song khi nh sng truyn gn nh vung gc vi b mt ca hai bn SS = e
,
_
n
1
1
101
6.17 Chn: C
45. Phn x ton phn
6.18 Chn: D
Hng dn: Gc gii hn phn x ton phn c xc nh theo cng thc
n
1
i sin
gh

6.19 Chn: C
Hng dn: Khi mt chm tia sng phn x ton phn ti mt phn cch gia hai
mi trng th cng sng ca chm khc x b trit tiu.
6.20 Chn: B
Hng dn: Khi tia sng i t mi trng c chit sut ln sang mi trng c chit
sut nh hn th c khi c tia khc x v c khi khng c tia khc x.
6.21 Chn: B
Hng dn: Gc gii hn phn x ton phn c xc nh theo cng thc
n
1
i sin
gh

6.22 Chn: A
Hng dn:
- Gc gii hn phn x ton phn c xc nh theo cng thc
1
2
gh
n
n
i sin
- iu kin c tia khc x l i i
gh
.
6.23 Chn: C
Hng dn:
- Gc gii hn phn x ton phn c xc nh theo cng thc
n
1
i sin
gh

- iu kin khng c tia khc x l i i
gh
.
6.24 Chn: A
Hng dn: nh A ca u A ca inh OA cch mt nc mt khong ln nht
khi tia sng i t u A ti mt nc i qua mp ca ming g. Khi nh sng
truyn t nc ra khng kh, gi gc nm trong nc l r, gc nm ngoi khng
kh l i, ta tnh c OA
max
= R.tan(90
0
- i), vi sini = n.sinr, tanr = R/OA. Suy ra
OA
max
= 3,64 (cm).
6.25 Chn: B
Hng dn: Mt t trong khng kh, mt khng thy u A th nh
sng pht ra t u A i ti mt nc v i gn mp ca ming g s xy ra
hin tng phn x ton phn. Khi r = i
gh
vi
n
1
i sin
gh

ta tnh c OA =
R/tanr = 3,53 (cm).
46. Bi tp v khc x nh sng v phn x ton phn
6.26 Chn: B
Hng dn: Xem hn dn v lm tng t cu 6.25
6.27 Chn: D
102
Hng dn: p dng nh lut khc x nh sng
n
r sin
i sin
vi n = 4/3, i = 45
0
, ta
tnh c r = 32
0
2 suy ra gc hp bi tia khc x v tia ti l i r = 12
0
58.
6.28 Chn: C
6.29 Chn: B
Hng dn: nh sng truyn t mt nm trong khng kh vo nc, b gng phn
x sau l truyn t nc ra khng kh. Ta c th coi h quang hc trn bao
gm: LCP (khng kh nc) + Gng phng + LCP (nc khng kh). Gii bi
ton qua h quang hc ny ta s c kt qu.
Chng VII. Mt v cc dng c quang hc
1. Lng knh
Cc cng thc ca lng knh:
'
+
+
A ' i i D
' r r A
' r sin n ' i sin
r sin n i sin
iu kin c tia l
'
) A sin( n i sin
i i
i 2 A
0
0
gh
Khi tia sng c gc lch cc tiu: r = r = A/2; i = i = (D
m
+ A)/2
2. Thu knh
t ca thu knh:
)
R
1
R
1
)( 1 n (
f
1
D
2 1
+
Cng thc thu knh:
' d
1
d
1
f
1
+
S phng i:
d
' d
k
3. Mt
Hai b phn quan trng nht ca mt l thu knh mt v vng mc.
iu kin mt nhn r vt l vt nm trong gii hn thy r ca mt v mt
nhn vt di gc trng
min
(nng sut phn li)
4. Knh lp
S bi gic:
l ' d
k G
0
+
+ Khi ngm chng im cc cn: G

c
= k
c
+ Khi ngm chng v cc: G

= /f (khng ph thuc vo v tr t mt)
5. Knh hin vi
103
S bi gic khi ngm chng v cc:
G
= k
1
.G
2
(vi k
1
l s phng i ca nh A
1
B
1
qua vt knh, G
2
l s bi gic ca th knh
2 1
f f
(vi l di quang hc ca knh hin vi)

6. Knh thin vn
Knh thin vn khc x gm vt knh l thu knh hi t c tiu c ln v th knh
l thu knh hi t c tiu c nh.
Knh thin vn phn x gm gng lm c tiu c ln v th knh l thu knh hi
t c tiu c nh.
Ngm chng l quan st v iu chnh khong cch qia vt knh v th knh
sao cho nh ca vt nm trong khong thy r ca mt.
S bi gic khi ngm chng v cc:
2
1
f
f
G
II. Cu hi v bi tp
47. Lng knh
7.1 Mt lng knh bng thu tinh chit sut n, gc chit quang A. Tia sng ti mt
mt bn c th l ra khi mt bn th hai khi
A. gc chit quang A c gi tr bt k.
B. gc chit quang A nh hn hai ln gc gii hn ca thu tinh.
C. gc chit quang A l gc vung.
D. gc chit quang A ln hn hai ln gc gii hn ca thu tinh.
A. Khi tia sng i qua lng knh c gc lch cc tiu th gc l i c gi tr b
nht.
B. Khi tia sng i qua lng knh c gc lch cc tiu th gc ti i c gi tr b
nht.
C. Khi tia sng i qua lng knh c gc lch cc tiu th gc l i bng gc ti
i.
D. Khi tia sng i qua lng knh c gc lch cc tiu th gc l i bng hai ln
gc ti i.
7.3 Chiu mt chm sng song song ti lng knh. Tng dn gc ti i t gi tr nh
nht th
A. gc lch D tng theo i.
B. gc lch D gim dn.
C. gc lch D tng ti mt gi tr xc nh ri gim dn.
D. gc lch D gim ti mt gi tr ri tng dn.
Chiu mt chm sng vo mt bn ca mt lng knh t trong khong kh:
A. Gc khc x r b hn gc ti i.
B. Gc ti r ti mt bn th hai b hn gc l i.
C. Lun lun c chm tia sng l ra khi mt bn th hai.
D. Chm sng b lch i khi i qua lng knh.
104
7.5 Cho mt tia sng n sc i qua lng knh c gc chit quang A = 60
0
v
thu c gc lch cc tiu D
m
= 60
0
. Chit sut ca lng knh l
A. n = 0,71 B. n = 1,41 C. n = 0,87 D. n = 1,51
7.6 Tia ti vung gc vi mt bn ca lng knh thu tinh c chit sut n = 1,5
gc chit quang A. Tia l hp vi tia ti mt gc lch D = 30
0
. Gc chit quang ca
lng knh l
A. A = 41
0
. B. A = 38
0
16. C. A = 66
0
. D. A = 24
0
.
7.7 Mt tia sng ti vung gc vi mt AB ca mt lng knh c chit sut 2 n
v gc chit quang A = 30
0
. Gc lch ca tia sng qua lng knh l:
A. D = 5
0
. B. D = 13
0
. C. D = 15
0
. D. D = 22
0
.
7.8 Mt lng knh thu tinh c chit sut n = 1,5, tit din l mt tam gic u,
c t trong khng kh. Chiu tia sng SI ti mt bn ca lng knh vi gc ti i
= 30
0
. Gc lch ca tia sng khi i qua lng knh l:
A. D = 28
0
8. B. D = 31
0
52. C. D = 37
0
23. D. D =
52
0
23.
7.9 Lng knh c gc chit quang A = 60
0
, chm sng song song qua lng knh c
gc lch cc tiu l D
m
= 42
0
. Gc ti c gi tr bng
A. i = 51
0
. B. i = 30
0
. C. i = 21
0
. D. i = 18
0
.
7.10 Lng knh c gc chit quang A = 60
0
, chm sng song song qua lng knh
c gc lch cc tiu l D
m
= 42
0
. Chit sut ca lng knh l:
A. n = 1,55. B. n = 1,50. C. n = 1,41. D. n = 1,33.
48. Thu knh mng
7.11 i vi thu knh phn k, nhn xt no sau y v tnh cht nh ca vt
tht l ng?
A. Vt tht lun cho nh tht, cng chiu v ln hn vt.
B. Vt tht lun cho nh tht, ngc chiu v nh hn vt.
C. Vt tht lun cho nh o, cng chiu v nh hn vt.
D. Vt tht c th cho nh tht hoc nh o tu thuc vo v tr ca vt.
A. Vt tht qua thu knh phn k lun cho nh o cng chiu v nh hn vt.
B. Vt tht qua thu knh phn k lun cho nh o cng chiu v ln hn vt.
C. Vt tht qua thu knh phn k lun cho nh tht ngc chiu v nh hn
vt.
D. Vt tht qua thu knh phn k lun cho nh tht ngc chiu v ln hn
vt.
7.13 nh ca mt vt qua thu knh hi t
A. lun nh hn vt. B. lun ln hn vt.
C. lun cng chiu vi vt. D. c th ln hn hoc nh hn vt
7.14 nh ca mt vt tht qua thu knh phn k
A. lun nh hn vt. B. lun ln hn vt.
C. lun ngc chiu vi vt. D. c th ln hn hoc nh hn vt
7.15 Nhn xt no sau y l ng?
A. Vi thu knh hi t, vt tht lun cho nh ln hn vt.
B. Vi thu knh phn k, vt tht lun cho nh ln hn vt.
105
C. Vi thu knh hi t, vt tht lun cho nh tht.
D. Vi thu knh phn k, vt tht lun cho nh o.
7.16 Nhn xt no sau y v thu knh phn k l khng ng?
A. Vi thu knh phn k, vt tht cho nh tht.
B. Vi thu knh phn k, vt tht cho nh o.
C. Vi thu knh phn k, c tiu c f m.
D. Vi thu knh phn k, c t D m.
7.17 Nhn xt no sau y v tc dng ca thu knh phn k l khng
ng?
A. C th to ra chm sng song song t chm sng hi t.
B. C th to ra chm sng phn k t chm sng phn k.
C. C th to ra chm sng hi t t chm sng song song.
D. C th to ra chm sng hi t t chm sng hi t.
7.18 Nhn xt no sau y v tc dng ca thu knh hi t l khng ng?
A. C th to ra chm sng song song t chm sng hi t.
B. C th to ra chm sng phn k t chm sng phn k.
C. C th to ra chm sng hi t t chm sng song song.
D. C th to ra chm sng hi t t chm sng hi t.
7.19 Mt thu knh mng bng thu tinh chit sut n = 1,5 hai mt cu li c
cc bn knh 10 (cm) v 30 (cm). Tiu c ca thu knh t trong khng kh l:
A. f = 20 (cm). B. f = 15 (cm). C. f = 25 (cm). D. f =
17,5 (cm).
7.20 Mt thu knh mng bng thu tinh chit sut n = 1,5 hai mt cu li c
cc bn knh 10 (cm) v 30 (cm). Tiu c ca thu knh t trong nc c chit
sut n = 4/3 l:
A. f = 45 (cm). B. f = 60 (cm). C. f = 100 (cm). D. f = 50
(cm).
7.21 Mt thu knh mng, phng li, lm bng thu tinh chit sut n = 1,5
t trong khng kh, bit t ca knh l D = + 5 (p). Bn knh mt cu
li ca thu knh l:
A. R = 10 (cm). B. R = 8 (cm). C. R = 6 (cm). D. R =
4 (cm).
7.22 t vt AB = 2 (cm) trc thu knh phn k c tiu c f = - 12 (cm), cch
thu knh mt khong d = 12 (cm) th ta thu c
A. nh tht AB, ngc chiu vi vt, v cng ln.
B. nh o AB, cng chiu vi vt, v cng ln.
C. nh o AB, cng chiu vi vt, cao 1 (cm).
D. nh tht AB, ngc chiu vi vt, cao 4 (cm).
7.23 Thu knh c t D = 5 (p), l:
A. thu knh phn k c tiu c f = - 5 (cm).
B. thu knh phn k c tiu c f = - 20 (cm).
C. thu knh hi t c tiu c f = + 5 (cm).
D. thu knh hi t c tiu c f = + 20 (cm).
106
7.24 Vt sng AB t vung gc vi trc chnh ca mt thu knh hi t c
t D = + 5 (p) v cch thu knh mt khong 30 (cm). nh AB ca AB qua
thu knh l:
A. nh tht, nm sau thu knh, cch thu knh mt on 60 (cm).
B. nh o, nm trc thu knh, cch thu knh mt on 60 (cm).
C. nh tht, nm sau thu knh, cch thu knh mt on 20 (cm).
D. nh o, nm trc thu knh, cch thu knh mt on 20 (cm).
7.25 Vt sng AB t vung gc vi trc chnh ca mt thu knh hi t c
t D = + 5 (p) v cch thu knh mt khong 10 (cm). nh AB ca AB qua
thu knh l:
A. nh tht, nm sau thu knh, cch thu knh mt on 60 (cm).
B. nh o, nm trc thu knh, cch thu knh mt on 60 (cm).
C. nh tht, nm sau thu knh, cch thu knh mt on 20 (cm).
D. nh o, nm trc thu knh, cch thu knh mt on 20 (cm).
7.26 Chiu mt chm sng song song ti thu knh thy chm l l chm phn k
coi nh xut pht t mt im nm trc thu knh v cch thu knh mt on 25
(cm). Thu knh l:
A. thu knh hi t c tiu c f = 25 (cm).
B. thu knh phn k c tiu c f = 25 (cm).
C. thu knh hi t c tiu c f = - 25 (cm).
D. thu knh phn k c tiu c f = - 25 (cm).
7.27 Vt sng AB vung gc vi trc chnh ca thu knh phn k (tiu c f
= - 25 cm), cch thu knh 25cm. nh AB ca AB qua thu knh l:
A. nh tht, nm trc thu knh, cao gp hai ln vt.
B. nh o, nm trc thu knh, cao bng na ln vt.
C. nh tht, nm sau thu knh, cao gp hai ln vt.
D. nh tht, nm sau thu knh, cao bng na ln vt.
49. Bi tp v thu knh mng
7.28 Vt AB = 2 (cm) nm trc thu knh hi t, cch thu knh 16cm cho nh
AB cao 8cm. Khong cch t nh n thu knh l:
A. 8 (cm). B. 16 (cm). C. 64 (cm). D. 72 (cm).
7.29 Vt sng AB qua thu knh hi t c tiu c f = 15 (cm) cho nh tht AB
cao gp 5 ln vt. Khong cch t vt ti thu knh l:
A. 4 (cm). B. 6 (cm). C. 12 (cm). D. 18 (cm).
7.30 Vt sng AB t vung gc vi trc chnh ca thu knh, cch thu knh
mt khong 20 (cm), qua thu knh cho nh tht AB cao gp 3 ln AB. Tiu c
ca thu knh l:
A. f = 15 (cm). B. f = 30 (cm). C. f = -15 (cm). D. f = -30
(cm).
7.31 Mt thu knh mng, hai mt li ging nhau, lm bng thu tinh chit sut
n = 1,5 t trong khng kh, bit t ca knh l D = + 10 (p). Bn knh
mi mt cu li ca thu knh l:
A. R = 0,02 (m). B. R = 0,05 (m). C. R = 0,10 (m). D. R = 0,20 (m).
107
7.32 * Hai ngn n S
1
v S
2
t cch nhau 16 (cm) trn trc chnh ca thu
knh c tiu c l f = 6 (cm). nh to bi thu knh ca S
1
v S
2
trng nhau ti S.
Khong cch t S ti thu knh l:
A. 12 (cm). B. 6,4 (cm). C. 5,6 (cm). D. 4,8 (cm).
7.33 ** Cho hai thu knh hi t L
1
, L
2
c tiu c ln lt l 20 (cm) v 25 (cm),
t ng trc v cch nhau mt khong a = 80 (cm). Vt sng AB t trc L
1
mt on 30 (cm), vung gc vi trc chnh ca hai thu knh. nh AB ca AB
qua quang h l:
A. nh tht, nm sau L
1
cch L
1
mt on 60 (cm).
B. nh o, nm trc L
2
cch L
2
mt on 20 (cm).
C. nh tht, nm sau L
2
cch L
2
mt on 100 (cm).
D. nh o, nm trc L
2
cch L
2
mt on 100 (cm).
7.34 ** H quang hc ng trc gm thu knh hi t O
1
(f
1
= 20 cm) v thu
knh hi t O
2
(f
2
= 25 cm) c ghp st vi nhau. Vt sng AB t trc quang h
v cch quang h mt khong 25 (cm). nh AB ca AB qua quang h l:
A. nh o, nm trc O
2
cch O
2
mt khong 20 (cm).
B. nh o, nm trc O
2
cch O
2
mt khong 100 (cm).
C. nh tht, nm sau O
1
cch O
1
mt khong 100 (cm).
D. nh tht, nm sau O
2
cch O
2
mt khong 20 (cm).
7.35 **Cho thu knh O
1
(D
1
= 4 p) t ng trc vi thu knh O
2
(D
2
= -5
p), khong cch O
1
O
2
= 70 (cm). im sng S trn quang trc chnh ca h, trc
O
1
v cch O
1
mt khong 50 (cm). nh S ca S qua quang h l:
A. nh o, nm trc O
2
cch O
2
mt khong 10 (cm).
B. nh o, nm trc O
2
cch O
2
mt khong 20 (cm).
C. nh tht, nm sau O
1
cch O
1
mt khong 50 (cm).
D. nh tht, nm trc O
2
cch O
2
mt khong 20 (cm).
7.36 **Cho thu knh O
1
(D
1
= 4 p) t ng trc vi thu knh O
2
(D
2
= -5
p), chiu ti quang h mt chm sng song song v song song vi trc chnh
ca quang h. chm l ra khi quang h l chm song song th khong cch
gia hai thu knh l:
A. L = 25 (cm). B. L = 20 (cm). C. L = 10 (cm). D. L = 5 (cm).
50. Mt
A. Do c s iu tit, nn mt c th nhn r c tt c cc vt nm trc
mt.
B. Khi quan st cc vt dch chuyn ra xa mt th thu tinh th ca mt
cong dn ln.
C. Khi quan st cc vt dch chuyn ra xa mt th thu tinh th ca mt xp
dn xung.
D. Khi quan st cc vt dch chuyn li gn mt th thu tinh th ca mt
xp dn xung.
A. Khi quan st cc vt dch chuyn ra xa mt th t ca mt gim
xung sao cho nh ca vt lun nm trn vng mc.
108
B. Khi quan st cc vt dch chuyn ra xa mt th t ca mt tng ln
sao cho nh ca vt lun nm trn vng mc.
C. Khi quan st cc vt dch chuyn li gn mt th t ca mt tng ln
sao cho nh ca vt lun nm trn vng mc.
D. Khi quan st cc vt dch chuyn li gn mt th t ca mt gim
xung n mt gi tr xc nh sau khng gim na.
A. im xa nht trn trc ca mt m vt t ti th nh ca vt qua
thu knh mt nm trn vng mc gi l im cc vin (C
V
).
B. im gn nht trn trc ca mt m vt t ti th nh ca vt qua
thu knh mt nm trn vng mc gi l im cc cn (C
C
).
C. Nng sut phn li l gc trng nh nht
min
khi nhn on AB m mt cn
c th phn bit c hai im A, B.
D. iu kin mt nhn r mt vt AB ch cn vt AB phi nm trong
khong nhn r ca mt.
7.40 Nhn xt no sau y l khng ng?
A. Mt c khong nhn r t 25 (cm) n v cc l mt bnh thng.
B. Mt c khong nhn r t 10 (cm) n 50 (cm) l mt mc tt cn th.
C. Mt c khong nhn r t 80 (cm) n v cc l mt mc tt vin th.
D. Mt c khong nhn r t 15 (cm) n v cc l mt mc tt cn th.
7.41 Nhn xt no sau y l ng?
A. V phng din quang hnh hc, c th coi mt tng ng vi mt thu
knh hi t.
B. V phng din quang hnh hc, c th coi h thng bao gm gic mc,
thu dch, th thu tinh, dch thu tinh tng ng vi mt thu knh hi t.
C. V phng din quang hnh hc, c th coi h thng bao gm gic mc,
thu dch, th thu tinh, dch thu tinh v vng mc tng ng vi mt thu
knh hi t.
D. V phng din quang hnh hc, c th coi h thng bao gm gic mc,
thu dch, th thu tinh, dch thu tinh, vng mc v im vng tng ng
vi mt thu knh hi t.
A. S iu tit ca mt l s thay i cong cc mt ca thu tinh th
gi cho nh ca ca vt cn quan st hin r trn vng mc.
B. S iu tit ca mt l s thay i khong cch thu tinh th v vng
mc gi cho nh ca vt cn quan st hin r trn vng mc.
C. S iu tit ca mt l s thay i khong cch thu tinh th v vt cn
quan st gi cho nh ca vt cn quan st hin r trn vng mc.
D. S iu tit ca mt l s thay i c cong cc mt ca thu tinh
th, khong cch gia thu tinh th v vng mc gi cho nh ca ca vt
cn quan st hin r trn vng mc.
51. Cc tt ca mt v cch khc phc
7.43 Nhn xt no sau y v cc tt ca mt l khng ng?
A. Mt cn khng nhn r c cc vt xa, ch nhn r c cc vt gn.
109
B. Mt vin khng nhn r c cc vt gn, ch nhn r c cc vt xa.
C. Mt lo khng nhn r cc vt gn m cng khng nhn r c cc vt
xa.
D. Mt lo hon ton ging mt cn v mt vin.
7.44 Cch sa cc tt no sau y l khng ng?
A. Mun sa tt cn th ta phi eo vo mt mt thu knh phn k c
t ph hp.
B. Mun sa tt vin th ta phi eo vo mt mt thu knh hi t c t
ph hp.
C. Mun sa tt lo th ta phi eo vo mt mt knh hai trng gm na trn
l knh hi t, na di l knh phn k.
D. Mun sa tt lo th ta phi eo vo mt mt knh hai trng gm na trn
l knh phn k, na di l knh hi t.
7.45 Pht biu no sau y v cch khc phc tt cn th ca mt l ng?
A. Sa tt cn th l lm tng t ca mt c th nhn r c cc vt
xa.
B. Sa tt cn th l mt phi eo mt thu knh phn k c ln tiu c
bng khong cch t quang tm ti vin im.
C. Sa tt cn th l chn knh sao cho nh ca cc vt xa v cc khi eo
knh hin ln im cc cn ca mt.
D. Mt mt cn khi eo knh cha tt s tr thnh mt tt v min nhn r
s t 25 (cm) n v cc.
7.46 Pht biu no sau y v mt cn l ng?
A. Mt cn eo knh phn k nhn r vt xa v cc.
B. Mt cn eo knh hi t nhn r vt xa v cc.
C. Mt cn eo knh phn k nhn r vt gn.
D. Mt cn eo knh hi t nhn r vt gn.
7.47 Pht biu no sau y v mt vin l ng?
A. Mt vin eo knh phn k nhn r vt xa v cc.
B. Mt vin eo knh hi t nhn r vt xa v cc.
C. Mt vin eo knh phn k nhn r vt gn.
D. Mt vin eo knh hi t nhn r vt gn.
A. Mt khng c tt khi quan st cc vt v cng khng phi iu tit.
B. Mt khng c tt khi quan st cc vt v cng phi iu tit ti a.
C. Mt cn th khi khng iu tit s nhn r cc vt v cc.
D. Mt vin th khi quan st cc vt v cc khng iu phi iu tit.
A. Mt lo nhn r cc vt xa v cng khi eo knh hi t v mt khng
iu tit.
B. Mt lo nhn r cc vt xa v cng khi eo knh phn k v mt khng
iu tit.
C. Mt lo nhn r cc vt xa v cng khi khng iu tit.
D. Mt lo nhn r cc vt xa v cng khi eo knh lo.
110
7.50 Mt ngi cn th phi eo knh cn s 0,5. Nu xem tivi m khng mun
eo knh, ngi phi ngi cch mn hnh xa nht l:
A. 0,5 (m). B. 1,0 (m). C. 1,5 (m). D. 2,0 (m).
7.51 Mt ngi cn th v gi, khi c sch cch mt gn nht 25 (cm) phi eo
knh s 2. Khong thy r nhn nht ca ngi l:
A. 25 (cm). B. 50 (cm). C. 1 (m). D. 2 (m).
7.52 Mt ngi cn th eo kinh c t 1,5 (p) th nhn r c cc vt xa
m khng phi iu tit. Khong thy r ln nht ca ngi l:
A. 50 (cm). B. 67 (cm). C. 150 (cm). D. 300 (cm).
7.53 Mt ngi vin th c im cc cn cch mt 50 (cm). Khi eo knh c
t + 1 (p), ngi ny s nhn r c nhng vt gn nht cch mt
A. 40,0 (cm). B. 33,3 (cm). C. 27,5 (cm). D. 26,7
(cm).
7.54 Mt vin nhn r c vt t cch mt gn nht 40 (cm). nhn r vt
t cch mt gn nht 25 (cm) cn eo knh (knh eo st mt) c t l:
A. D = - 2,5 (p). B. D = 5,0 (p). C. D = -5,0 (p). D. D = 1,5 (p).
7.55* Mt ngi cn th c khong nhn r t 12,5 (cm) n 50 (cm). Khi eo
knh cha tt ca mt, ngi ny nhn r c cc vt t gn nht cch mt
A. 15,0 (cm). B. 16,7 (cm). C. 17,5 (cm). D. 22,5
(cm).
7.56* Mt ngi cn th c khong nhn r t 12,5 (cm) n 50 (cm). Khi eo
knh c t -1 (p). Min nhn r khi eo knh ca ngi ny l:
A. t 13,3 (cm) n 75 (cm).
B. t 1,5 (cm) n 125 (cm).
C. t 14,3 (cm) n 100 (cm).
D. t 17 (cm) n 2 (m).
7.57**Mt vin nhn r c vt t cch mt gn nht 40 (cm). nhn r
vt t cch mt gn nht 25 (cm) cn eo knh (knh cch mt 1 cm) c
t l:
A. D = 1,4 (p). B. D = 1,5 (p). C. D = 1,6 (p). D. D = 1,7 (p).
52. Knh lp
7.58 Knh lp dng quan st cc vt c kch thc
A. nh. B. rt nh. C. ln. D. rt ln.
A. Khi quan st mt vt nh qua knh lp ta phi t vt ngoi khong tiu c
ca knh sao cho nh ca vt nm trong khong nhn r ca mt.
B. Khi quan st mt vt nh qua knh lp ta phi t vt trong khong tiu c
ca knh sao cho nh ca vt nm trong khong nhn r ca mt.
C. Khi quan st mt vt nh qua knh lp ta phi iu chnh khong cch
gia vt v knh nh ca vt nm trong khong nhn r ca mt.
D. Khi quan st mt vt nh qua knh lp ta phi iu chnh nh ca vt nm
im cc vin ca mt vic quan st b mi mt.
7.60 Pht biu no sau y v knh lp l khng ng?
111
A. Knh lp l dng c quang hc b tr cho mt lm tng gc trng quan
st mt vt nh.
B. Vt cn quan st t trc knh lp cho nh tht ln hn vt.
C. Knh lp n gin l mt thu knh hi t c tiu c ngn.
D. Knh lp c tc dng lm tng gc trng nh bng cch to ra mt nh o ln
hn vt v nm trong gii hn nhn r ca mt.
7.61 S bi gic ca knh lp l t s
0
G
trong
A. l gc trng trc tip vt,
0
l gc trng nh ca vt qua knh.
B. l gc trng nh ca vt qua knh,
0
l gc trng trc tip vt.
C. l gc trng nh ca vt qua knh,
0
l gc trng trc tip vt khi vt ti
cc cn.
D. l gc trng nh ca vt khi vt ti cc cn,
0
l gc trng trc tip vt .
7.62 Cng thc tnh s bi gic ca knh lp khi ngm chng v cc l:
A. G

= /f. B. G
= k
1
.G
2
C.
2 1
f f
D.
2
1
f
f
G
7.63 Trn vnh knh lp c ghi x10, tiu c ca knh l:

A. f = 10 (m). B. f = 10 (cm). C. f = 2,5 (m). D. f =
2,5 (cm).
7.64 Mt ngi cn th c khong nhn r t 10 (cm) n 40 (cm), quan st mt
vt nh qua knh lp c t + 10 (p). Mt t st sau knh. Mun nhn r
nh ca vt qua knh ta phi t vt
A. trc knh v cch knh t 8 (cm) n 10 (cm).
B. trc knh v cch knh t 5 (cm) n 8 (cm).
C. trc knh v cch knh t 5 (cm) n 10 (cm).
D. trc knh v cch knh t 10 (cm) n 40 (cm).
7.65 Mt ngi c khong nhn r t 25 (cm) n v cc, quan st mt vt nh
qua knh lp c t D = + 20 (p) trong trng thi ngm chng v cc.
bi gic ca knh l:
A. 4 (ln). B. 5 (ln). C. 5,5 (ln). D. 6 (ln).
7.66 Mt ngi c khong nhn r t 25 (cm) n v cc, quan st mt vt nh
qua knh lp c t D = + 20 (p) trong trng thi ngm chng cc cn.
bi gic ca knh l:
A. 4 (ln). B. 5 (ln). C. 5,5 (ln). D. 6 (ln).
7.67 * Mt ngi c khong nhn r t 10 (cm) n 50 (cm), quan st mt vt
nh qua knh lp c t D = + 8 (p) trong trng thi ngm chng cc cn.
bi gic ca knh l:
A. 1,5 (ln). B. 1,8 (ln). C. 2,4 (ln). D. 3,2 (ln).
7.68** Mt ngi c khong nhn r t 10 (cm) n 50 (cm), quan st mt vt
nh qua knh lp c t D = + 8 (p), mt t ti tiu im ca knh.
bi gic ca knh l:
A. 0,8 (ln). B. 1,2 (ln). C. 1,5 (ln). D. 1,8 (ln).
7.69** Mt ngi t mt cch knh lp c t D = 20 (p) mt khong l
quan st mt vt nh. bi gic ca knh khng ph thuc vo cch ngm
chng, th khong cch l phi bng
112
A. 5 (cm). B. 10 (cm). C. 15 (cm). D. 20 (cm).
53. Knh hin vi
7.70 Pht biu no sau y v vt knh v th knh ca knh hin vi l ng?
A. Vt knh l thu knh phn k c tiu c rt ngn, th knh l thu knh
hi t c tiu c ngn.
B. Vt knh l thu knh hi t c tiu c rt ngn, th knh l thu knh hi
t c tiu c ngn.
C. Vt knh l thu knh hi t c tiu c di, th knh l thu knh phn k
c tiu c rt ngn.
D. Vt knh l thu knh phn k c tiu c di, th knh l thu knh hi t
c tiu c ngn.
7.71 Pht biu no sau y v cch ngm chng ca knh hin vi l ng?
A. iu chnh khong cch gia vt knh v th knh sao cho nh ca vt qua
knh hin vi nm trong khong nhn r ca mt.
B. iu chnh khong cch gia mt v th knh sao cho nh ca vt qua
knh hin vi nm trong khong nhn r ca mt.
C. iu chnh khong cch gia vt v vt knh sao cho nh qua knh hin vi
nm trong khong nhn r ca mt.
D. iu chnh tiu c ca th knh sao cho nh cui cng qua knh hin vi
7.72 bi gic ca knh hin vi khi ngm chng v cc
A. t l thun vi tiu c ca vt knh v th knh.
B. t l thun vi tiu c ca vt knh v t l nghch vi tiu c ca th knh.
C. t l nghch vi tiu c ca vt knh v t l thun vi tiu c ca th knh.
D. t l nghch vi tiu c ca vt knh v tiu c ca th knh.
7.73 iu chnh knh hin vi khi ngm chng trong trng hp no sau y l
ng?
A. Thay i khong cch gia vt v vt knh bng cch a ton b ng
knh ln hay xung sao cho nhn thy nh ca vt to v r nht.
B. Thay i khong cch gia vt v vt knh bng cch gi nguyn ton b
ng knh, a vt li gn vt knh sao cho nhn thy nh ca vt to v r
nht.
C. Thay i khong cch gia vt knh v th knh sao cho nhn thy nh
ca vt to v r nht.
D. Thay i khong cch gia vt v th knh sao cho nhn thy nh ca vt
to v r nht.
7.74 bi gic ca knh hin vi khi ngm chng v cc c tnh theo cng
thc:
A. G

= /f. B.
f f
G
2 1
C.
2 1
f f
D.
2
1
f
f
G
7.75 Mt ngi mt tt c khong nhn r t 24 (cm) n v cc, quan st mt

vt nh qua knh hin vi c vt knh O
1
(f
1
= 1cm) v th knh O
2
(f
2
= 5cm).
Khong cch O
1
O
2
= 20cm. bi gic ca knh hin vi trong trng hp ngm
chng v cc l:
A. 67,2 (ln). B. 70,0 (ln). C. 96,0 (ln). D. 100 (ln).
113
7.76 Mt ngi mt tt c khong nhn r t 25 (cm) n v cc, quan st mt
vt nh qua knh hin vi c vt knh O
1
(f
1
= 1cm) v th knh O
2
(f
2
= 5cm).
Khong cch O
1
O
2
= 20cm. Mt t ti tiu im nh ca th knh. bi gic
ca knh hin vi trong trng hp ngm chng cc cn l:
A. 75,0 (ln). B. 82,6 (ln). C. 86,2 (ln). D. 88,7
(ln).
7.77* phng i ca knh hin vi vi di quang hc = 12 (cm) l k
1
= 30.
Tiu c ca th knh f
2
= 2cm v khong nhn r ngn nht ca mt ngi quan
st l = 30 (cm). bi gic ca knh hin vi khi ngm chng v cc l:
A. 75 (ln). B. 180 (ln). C. 450 (ln). D. 900 (ln).
7.78 Mt knh hin vi gm vt knh c tiu c 0,5 (cm) v th knh c tiu c 2
(cm), khong cch gia vt knh v th knh l 12,5 (cm). bi gic ca knh
hin vi khi ngm chng v cc l:
A. 175 (ln). B. 200 (ln). C. 250 (ln). D. 300 (ln).
7.79** Mt knh hin vi c vt knh vi tiu c f
1
= 4 (mm), th knh vi tiu c f
2
=20 (mm) v di quang hc = 156 (mm). Ngi quan st c mt bnh thng
vi im cc cn cch mt mt khong = 25 (cm). Mt t ti tiu im nh
ca th knh. Khong cch t vt ti vt knh khi ngm chng v cc l:
A. d
1
= 4,00000 (mm). B. d
1
= 4,10256 (mm).
C. d
1
= 4,10165 (mm). D. d
1
= 4,10354 (mm).
7.80** Mt knh hin vi c vt knh vi tiu c f
1
= 4 (mm), th knh vi tiu c f
2
=20 (mm) v di quang hc = 156 (mm). Ngi quan st c mt bnh thng
vi im cc cn cch mt mt khong = 25 (cm). Mt t ti tiu im nh
ca th knh. Khong cch t vt ti vt knh khi ngm chng cc cn l:
A. d
1
= 4,00000 (mm). B. d
1
= 4,10256 (mm).
C. d
1
= 4,10165 (mm). D. d
1
= 4,10354 (mm).
54. Knh thin vn
7.81 Pht biu no sau y v tc dng ca knh thin vn l ng?
A. Ngi ta dng knh thin vn quan st nhng vt rt nh rt xa.
B. Ngi ta dng knh thin vn quan st nhng vt nh ngay trc knh.
C. Ngi ta dng knh thin vn quan st nhng thin th xa.
D. Ngi ta dng knh thin vn quan st nhng vt c kch thc ln gn.
7.82 Pht biu no sau y v cch ngm chng ca knh thin vn l ng?
A. iu chnh khong cch gia vt v vt knh sao cho nh ca vt qua knh
B. iu chnh khong cch gia vt knh v th knh sao cho nh ca vt qua
knh nm trong khong nhn r ca mt.
C. Gi nguyn khong cch gia vt knh v th knh, thay i khong cch
gia knh vi vt sao cho nh ca vt qua knh nm trong khong nhn r ca
mt.
D. Gi nguyn khong cch gia vt knh v th knh, thay i khong cch
gia mt v th knh sao cho nh ca vt qua knh nm trong khong nhn
r ca mt.
7.83 Pht biu no sau y v vt knh v th knh ca knh thin vn l
ng?
114
A. Vt knh l thu knh phn k c tiu c rt ngn, th knh l thu knh
hi t c tiu c ngn.
B. Vt knh l thu knh hi t c tiu c rt ngn, th knh l thu knh hi
t c tiu c ngn.
C. Vt knh l thu knh hi t c tiu c di, th knh l thu knh phn k
c tiu c rt ngn.
D. Vt knh l thu knh phn k c tiu c di, th knh l thu knh hi t
c tiu c ngn.
A. bi gic ca knh thin vn t l thun vi tiu c ca vt knh v t l
nghch vi tiu c ca th knh.
B. bi gic ca knh thin vn t l nghch vi tch cc tiu c ca vt knh
v tiu c ca th knh.
C. bi gic ca knh thin vn t l nghch vi tiu c ca vt knh v t l
thun vi tiu c ca th knh.
D. bi gic ca knh thin vn t l thun vi tch cc tiu c ca vt knh
v tiu c ca th knh.
7.85 Vi knh thin vn khc x, cch iu chnh no sau y l ng?
A. Thay i khong cch gia vt knh v th knh bng cch gi nguyn vt
knh, dch chuyn th knh sao cho nhn thy nh ca vt to v r nht.
B. Thay i khong cch gia vt knh v th knh bng cch dch chuyn
knh so vi vt sao cho nhn thy nh ca vt to v r nht.
C. Thay i khong cch gia vt knh v th knh bng cch gi nguyn th
knh, dch chuyn vt knh sao cho nhn thy nh ca vt to v r nht.
D. Dch chuyn thch hp c vt knh v th knh sao cho nhn thy nh ca
vt to v r nht.
7.86 bi gic ca knh thin vn khi ngm chng v cc c tnh theo cng
thc:
A. G

= /f. B. G
= k
1
.G
2
C.
2 1
f f
D.
2
1
f
f
G
7.87 Mt knh thin vn gm vt knh c tiu c f

1
= 120 (cm) v th knh c tiu
c f
2
= 5 (cm). Khong cch gia hai knh khi ngi mt tt quan st Mt Trng
trong trng thi khng iu tit l:
A. 125 (cm). B. 124 (cm). C. 120 (cm). D. 115 (cm).
7.88 Mt knh thin vn gm vt knh c tiu c f
1
= 120 (cm) v th knh c tiu
c f
2
= 5 (cm). bi gic ca knh khi ngi mt tt quan st Mt Trng trong
trng thi khng iu tit l:
A. 20 (ln). B. 24 (ln). C. 25 (ln). D. 30 (ln).
7.89 Mt knh thin vn hc sinh gm vt knh c tiu c f
1
= 1,2 (m), th knh
c tiu c f
2
= 4 (cm). Khi ngm chng v cc, khong cch gia vt knh v
th knh l:
A. 120 (cm). B. 4 (cm). C. 124 (cm). D. 5,2 (m).
7.90 Mt knh thin vn hc sinh gm vt knh c tiu c f
1
= 1,2 (m), th knh
c tiu c f
2
= 4 (cm). Khi ngm chng v cc, bi gic ca knh l:
A. 120 (ln). B. 30 (ln). C. 4 (ln). D. 10 (ln).
115
7.91* Mt ngi mt bnh thng khi quan st vt xa bng knh thin vn, trong
trng hp ngm chng v cc thy khong cch gia vt knh v th knh l
62 (cm), bi gic l 30 (ln). Tiu c ca vt knh v th knh ln lt l:
A. f
1
= 2 (cm), f
2
= 60 (cm). B. f
1
= 2 (m), f
2
= 60 (m).
C. f
1
= 60 (cm), f
2
= 2 (cm). D. f
1
= 60 (m), f
2
= 2 (m).
55. Bi tp v dng c quang hc
7.92 Mt tia sng chiu thng gc n mt bn th nht ca lng knh c gc
chit quang A = 30
0
. Gc lch gia tia l v tia li l D = 30
0
. Chit sut ca cht
lm lng knh l
A. n = 1,82. B. n = 1,73. C. n = 1,50. D. n = 1,41.
7.93 Mt tia sng chiu n mt bn ca lng knh c gc chit quang A = 60
0
,
chit sut cht lm lng knh l n = 3. Gc lch cc tiu gia tia l v tia ti
l:
A. D
min
= 30
0
. B. D
min
= 45
0
. C. D
min
= 60
0
. D. D
min
=
75
0
.
7.94 Mt knh hin vi gm vt knh c tiu c 5 (mm) v th knh c tiu c 20
(mm). Vt AB nm trc v cch vt knh 5,2 (mm). V tr nh ca vt cho bi vt
knh l:
A. 6,67 (cm). B. 13,0 (cm). C. 19,67 (cm). D. 25,0
(cm).
7.95* Mt knh thin vn c vt knh vi t 0,5 (p). Th knh cho php
nhn vt cao 1 (mm) t trong tiu din vt di gc l 0,05 (rad). Tiu c ca
th knh l:
A. f
2
= 1 (cm). B. f
2
= 2 (cm). C. f
2
= 3 (cm). D. f
2
=
4 (cm).
7.96* Mt knh thin vn c vt knh vi t 0,5 (p). Th knh cho php
nhn vt cao 1 (mm) trong tiu din vt di gc l 0,05 (rad). bi gic ca
knh thin vn khi ngm chng v cc l:
A. G
= 50 (ln). B. G
= 100 (ln).C. G
= 150 (ln).D. G
= 200 (ln).
7.97 Mt knh hin vi gm vt knh c tiu c 5 (mm) v th knh c tiu c 20
(mm). Vt AB nm trc v cch vt knh 5,2 (mm). phng i nh qua vt
knh ca knh hin vi l:
A. 15. B. 20. C. 25. D. 40.
7.98* H ng trc gm hai thu knh O
1
v O
2
c tiu c ln lt l f
1
= 20 (cm),
f
2
= - 20 (cm), t cch nhau mt on a = 30 (cm), vt phng AB vung gc
vi trc chnh trc O
1
v cch O
1
mt on 20 (cm). nh cui cng ca vt qua
quang h l:
A. nh tht, nm sau O
2
cch O
2
mt on 10 (cm).
B. nh tht, nm trc O
2
cch O
2
mt on 20 (cm).
C. nh o, nm trc O
2
cch O
2
mt on 10 (cm).
D. nh tht, nm sau O
2
cch O
2
mt on 20 (cm).
56. Thc hnh: Xc nh chit sut ca nc v
tiu c ca thu knh phn k
116
A. Php tuyn i vi mt phng ti mt im l ng thng vung gc vi
mt phng ti im .
B. Php tuyn i vi mt tr ti mt im l ng thng trng vi bn knh
ca mt tr i qua im .
C. Php tuyn i vi mt cu ti mt im l ng thng trng vi bn knh
ca mt cu i qua im .
D. Php tuyn i vi mt tr ti mt im l ng thng vung gc vi tip
tuyn ca mt tr i qua im .
Khi nh sng truyn t khng kh vo nc,
A. lun lun c tia khc x.
B. lun lun c tia phn x.
C. gc khc x lun nh hn gc ti.
D. khi gc ti tng th gc khc x cng tng.
Khi nh sng truyn t khng kh vo nc ng trong mt cc thu tinh th
A. thnh cc khng nh hng ti ng i ca tia sng.
B. thnh cc c nh hng ti ng i ca tia sng.
C. thnh cc c vai tr nh mt lng cht cong.
D. thnh cc rt mng, cong nh th nh hng t ti ng i cuat tia
sng.
7.102 Chiu mt chm sng hi t qua mt l trn trn mt mn chn sng, thy
chm sng hi t ti mt im trn ng thng vung gc vi mt phng ca l
v i qua tm l trn, cch tm l trn mt khong 10 (cm). t vo l trn
mt thu knh phn k th thy chm sng hi t ti mt im cch tm l
trn mt khong 20 (cm). Tiu c ca thu knh l:
A. f = 6,7 (cm). B. f = 20 (cm). C. f = - 6,7 (cm). D. f = - 20
(cm).
47. Lng knh
7.1 Chn: B
Hng dn: Mt lng knh bng thu tinh chit sut n, gc chit quang A. Tia
sng ti mt mt bn c th l ra khi mt bn th hai khi gc chit quang A
nh hn hai ln gc gii hn ca thu tinh.
iu kin c tia l
'
) A sin( n i sin
i i
i 2 A
0
0
gh
7.2 Chn: C
Hng dn: Khi tia sng c gc lch cc tiu: r = r = A/2; i = i = (D
m
+ A)/2
7.3 Chn: D
117
Hng dn: Chiu mt chm sng song song ti lng knh. Tng dn gc ti i t gi
tr nh nht th gc lch D gim ti mt gi tr ri tng dn. V gc lch c
gi tri cc tiu.
7.4 Chn: C
7.5 Chn: D
Hng dn: p dng cng thc tnh gc lch cc tiu
2
A
sin n
2
A D
sin
m
+
7.6 Chn: B
Hng dn: Tia ti vung gc vi mt bn nn ta c i = 0, r = 0, suy ra r = A, i =
D+ A p dng cng thc sini = nsinr sin(D + A) = nsinA vi D = 30
0
n n = 1,5
ta gii ra c A = 38
0
16.
7.7 Chn: C
Hng dn: Tia ti vung gc vi mt bn nn ta c i = 0, r = 0, suy ra r = A, i =
D+ A p dng cng thc sini = nsinr, vi n = 2 , r =A = 30
0
ta tnh c i =
45
0
suy ra D = i A = 15
0
.
7.8 Chn: C
Hng dn: p dng cng thc lng knh:
'
+
+
A ' i i D
' r r A
' r sin n ' i sin
r sin n i sin
7.9 Chn: A
Hng dn: Khi gc lch cc tiu ta c i = i nn 2.i = D
m
+ A
7.10 Chn: A
48. Thu knh mng
7.11 Chn: C
Hng dn: i vi thu knh phn k, vt tht lun cho nh o, cng chiu v
nh hn vt.
7.12 Chn: A
nh hn vt.
7.13 Chn: D
Hng dn: nh ca mt vt qua thu knh hi t c th ln hn hoc nh hn
vt.
7.14 Chn: A
nh hn vt.
7.15 Chn: D
nh hn vt.
7.16 Chn: A
118
Hng dn: Vi thu knh phn k, vt tht cho nh o, c tiu c f m., t
D m.
7.17 Chn: C
Hng dn: Vi mt thu knh phn k khng th to ra chm sng hi t t chm
sng song song.
7.18 Chn: A
Hng dn: i vi thu knh hi t khng th to ra chm sng song song t chm
sng hi t.
7.19 Chn: B
Hng dn: p dng cng thc tnh t ca thu knh
)
R
1
R
1
)( 1 n (
f
1
D
2 1
+
7.20 Chn: B
Hng dn: p dng cng thc tnh t ca thu knh
)
R
1
R
1
)( 1
' n
n
(
f
1
D
2 1
+
7.21 Chn: A
Hng dn: p dng cng thc tnh t ca thu knh phng li:
R
1
) 1 n (
f
1
D
7.22 Chn: C
Hng dn:
- p dng cng thc thu knh
' d
1
d
1
f
1
+
- p dng cng thc
k
AB
' B ' A
vi
d
' d
k
7.23 Chn: D
Hng dn: p dng cng thc t
f
1
D
vi D l t (ip), f l tiu c ca
thu knh (met).
7.24 Chn: A
Hng dn:
- Tiu c ca thu knh l
D
1
f
= 0,2 (m) = 20 (cm).
' d
1
d
1
f
1
+
vi d = 30 (cm) ta tnh c d = 60
(cm) >0 suy ra nh AB l nh tht, nm sau thu knh.
7.25 Chn: D
Hng dn:
- Tiu c ca thu knh l
D
1
f
= 0,2 (m) = 20 (cm).
' d
1
d
1
f
1
+
vi d = 10 (cm) ta tnh c d = -20
(cm) <0 suy ra nh AB l nh o, nm trc thu knh.
7.26 Chn: D
Hng dn: Chm sng song song coi nh xut pht t v cc, ta c th coi d = .
Chm l coi nh xut pht t mt im nm trc thu knh, cch thu knh 25
119
(cm) suy ra d = -25 (cm). p dng cng thc thu knh
' d
1
d
1
f
1
+
ta tnh c f
= - 25 (cm). Vy thu knh l thu knh phn k c tiu c f = -25 (cm)
7.27 Chn: B
Hng dn:
' d
1
d
1
f
1
+
vi f = - 25 (cm), d = 25 (cm) ta tnh
c d = - 12,5 (cm)
- p dng cng thc
k
AB
' B ' A
vi
d
' d
k
= 0,5
Vy nh l nh o, nm trc thu knh, cao bng na ln vt.
49. Bi tp v thu knh mng
7.28 Chn: C
Hng dn:
Gii h phng trnh:
'
d
' d
k
AB
' B ' A
k
Ta c d = 64 (cm)
7.29* Chn: D
Hng dn:
Gii h phng trnh:
'
+
d
' d
k
AB
' B ' A
k
' d
1
d
1
f
1
Vi d > 0 v d >0 ta thu c d = 18 (cm), d = 90 (cm).
7.30 Chn: A
Hng dn:
- Vt AB l vt sng nn d > 0, nh AB l nh tht nn d > 0 suy ra d = 3d =
60 (cm)
' d
1
d
1
f
1
+
vi d = 20 (cm), d = 60 (cm) ta tnh
c f = 15 (cm).
7.31 Chn: C
Hng dn: p dng cng thc tnh t ca thu knh c hai mt cu ging
nhau:
R
2
) 1 n (
f
1
D
120
7.32* Chn: A
Hng dn: Gii h phng trnh:
'

+
+
+
' d ' d
) cm ( 16 d d
' d
1
d
1
f
1
' d
1
d
1
f
1
2 1
2 1
2 2
1 1
Ta c d
1
= 12 (cm) hoc d
1
= 4 (cm) tc l mt trong hai ngn n ny cch
thu knh 4 (cm) th ngn n kia cch thu knh 12 (cm). T tnh d
1
=
12 (cm), nh S ca hai ngn n nm cch thu knh 12 (cm).
7.33** Chn: D
Hng dn:
S to nh ca vt AB qua h hai thu knh l:
" B " A ' B ' A AB
2 1
L L

' d
1
d
1
f
1
1 1 1
+
ta c d
1
= 60 (cm).
- Khong cch gia hai thu knh l a = d
1
+ d
2
suy ra d
2
= 20 (cm).
' d
1
d
1
f
1
2 2 2
+
ta c d
2
= 100 (cm).
7.34** Chn: D
Hng dn:
- H quang hc ghp st ta c th thay th bng mt dng c quang hc tng
ng c t c tnh theo cng thc: D = D
1
+ D
2

2 1
f
1
f
1
f
1
+
' d
1
d
1
f
1
+
7.35** Chn: A
7.36** Chn: D
Hng dn: H quang hc tho mn iu kin; chm ti l chm song song cho
chm l l chm song song, h gi l h v tiu. Khi khong cch gia
hai thu knh l L = f
1
+ f
2
.
50. Mt
7.37 Chn: C
Hng dn: Do s iu tit ca mt: Khi quan st cc vt dch chuyn ra xa
mt th thu tinh th ca mt xp dn xung, v t ca mt gim
xung sao cho nh ca vt lun nm trn vng mc. Khi quan st cc vt dch
chuyn li gn mt th thu tinh th ca mt cong dn ln v t ca
mt tng ln sao cho nh ca vt lun nm trn vng mc.
7.38 Chn: B
121
d
1
d
1
d
2
d
2

7.39 Chn: D
Hng dn: iu kin mt nhn r mt vt AB l vt AB phi nm trong
khong nhn r ca mt v gc trng vt phi ln hn nng sut phn li.
7.40 Chn: D
Hng dn: Mt c khong nhn r t 15 (cm) n v cc l mt bnh thng
(c th ni l mt rt tt).
7.41 Chn: B
Hng dn: V phng din quang hnh hc, c th coi h thng bao gm gic
mc, thu dch, th thu tinh, dch thu tinh tng ng vi mt thu knh hi
t.
7.42 Chn: A
Hng dn:
Theo nh ngha v s iu tit ca mt: S iu tit ca mt l s thay
i cong cc mt ca thu tinh th gi cho nh ca ca vt cn
quan st hin r trn vng mc.
51. Cc tt ca mt v cch khc phc
7.43 Chn: D
Hng dn: Mt b lo ho ch ging mt cn v mt vin v phng din
mc tt. Mt cn nhn c rt gn, mt vin nhn c rt xa, iu ny
khng ging mt lo.
7.44 Chn: C
Hng dn: Mun sa tt lo th ta phi eo vo mt mt knh hai trng gm
na trn l knh phn k nhn xa, na di l knh hi t nhn gn.
7.45 Chn: B
Hng dn: Sa tt cn th l mt phi eo mt thu knh phn k c ln
tiu c bng khong cch t quang tm ti vin im (f = - OC
V
).
7.46 Chn: A
Hng dn: Mt cn nhn r c cc vt gn m khng nhn r c cc vt
xa nn cn eo knh phn k nhn r vt xa v cc.
7.47 Chn: D
Hng dn: Mt vin nhn r c cc vt xa m khng nhn r c cc vt
gn nn cn eo knh hi t nhn r vt gn (khi c sch).
7.48 Chn: A
Hng dn: Mt khng c tt khi quan st cc vt v cng khng phi iu
tit.
7.49 Chn: B
Hng dn: Mt lo khi nhn cc vt xa ging nh mt cn, mun nhn r cc
vt xa v cng m khng phi iu tit th phi eo knh phn k ging
nh sa tt cn th.
7.50 Chn: D
Hng dn: Ngi eo knh cn s 0,5 c ngha l t ca knh l D = -
0,5 (ip), tiu c ca knh l f =
D
1
= - 2 (m), suy ra OC
V
= - f = 2 (m). Ngi
ch c th xem c Tivi xa nht cch mt 2 (m).
122
7.51 Chn: B
Hng dn: Ngi cn th khi v gi mc tt lo ho, khi nhn gn phi eo
knh hi t. Knh s 2 tc la t D = 2 (ip), vt cch kinh 25 (cm), cho
nh o nm im C
C
.
p dng cng thc thu knh
' d
1
d
1
f
1
+
vi f = 50 (cm), d = 25 (cm) ta suy ra
d = - 50 (cm) m OC
C
= - d = 50 (cm).
7.52 Chn: B
Hng dn: sa tt cn th nh mt bnh thng cn eo knh c tiu c f = -
OC
V
suy ra OC
V
= 67 (cm).
7.53 Chn: B
Hng dn: Khi vt nm ti C
C
(mi) qua knh cho nh o nm ti C
C
.
p dng cng thc thu knh
' d
1
d
1
f
1
+
vi f = 100 (cm), d = -50 (cm) ta tnh
c d = 33,3 (cm).
7.54 Chn: D
Hng dn: Xe hng dn v lm tng t cu 7.53
7.55 Chn: B
Hng dn:
- Tiu c ca knh cn eo l f = - OC
V
= -50 (cm).
- Khi eo knh, vt nm ti C
C
(mi) qua knh cho nh o nm ti C
C
. p dng
cng thc thu knh
' d
1
d
1
f
1
+
vi f = - 50 (cm), d = -12,5 (cm) ta tnh c d
= 16,7 (cm).
7.56 Chn: C
Hng dn: Khi eo knh c t D = -1 (ip), f = - 100 (cm).
- Vt nm ti C
C
(mi) qua knh cho nh o ti C
C
, p dng cng thc thu knh
' d
1
d
1
f
1
+
vi f = - 100 (cm), d = -12,5 (cm) ta tnh c d = 14,3 (cm).
- Vt nm ti C
V
V
' d
1
d
1
f
1
+
vi f = - 100 (cm), d = -50 (cm) ta tnh c d = 100 (cm).
7.57 Chn: C
Hng dn: Khi eo knh cch mt 1 (cm), vt nm ti C
C
(mi) qua knh cho nh
o ti C
C
' d
1
d
1
f
1
+
vi d = - 39 (cm) v d = 24
(cm), ta tnh c f = 62,4 (cm). t D = 1,6 (ip)
52. Knh lp
7.58 Chn: A
Hng dn: Knh lp dng quan st cc vt c kch thc nh.
7.59 Chn: A
Hng dn: Khi quan st mt vt nh qua knh lp ta phi t vt trong khong
tiu c ca knh sao cho nh o ca vt nm trong khong nhn r ca mt.
7.60 Chn: B
123
Hng dn: Khi quan st mt vt nh qua knh lp ta phi t vt trong khong
tiu c ca knh sao cho nh o ca vt nm trong khong nhn r ca mt.
7.61 Chn: C
Hng dn: S bi gic ca knh lp l t s
0
G
trong l gc trng nh
ca vt qua knh,
0
l gc trng trc tip vt khi vt ti cc cn.
7.62 Chn: A
Hng dn:
- Cng thc tnh s bi gic ca knh lp khi ngm chng v cc l: G

= /f.
- Cng thc tnh s bi gic ca knh hin vi khi ngm chng v cc l: G
=
k
1
.G
2
hoc
2 1
f f
- Cng thc tnh s bi gic ca knh thin vn khi ngm chng v cc l:

2
1
f
f
G
7.63 Chn: D
Hng dn: Trn vnh knh lp c ghi x10, tc l bi gic ca knh khi ngm
chng v cc l G
= 10 vi = 25 (cm) suy ra tiu c ca knh l f = /G =

2,5 (cm).
7.64 Chn: B
Hng dn: Khi quan st mt vt nh qua knh lp, nh ca vt phi nm trong
khong nhn r ca mt. Mt st sau knh:
- Vt nm ti C
C
C
' d
1
d
1
f
1
+
vi f =10 (cm), d = - 10 (cm) ta tnh c d = 5 (cm).
- Vt nm ti C
V
V
' d
1
d
1
f
1
+
vi f =10 (cm), d = - 40 (cm) ta tnh c d = 8 (cm).
7.65 Chn: B
Hng dn:
- Tiu c ca knh lp l f = 1/D = 0,05 (m) = 5 (cm)
- S bi gic ca knh lp khi ngm chng v cc l: G

= /f.
7.66 Chn: D
Hng dn:
- Tiu c ca knh lp l f = 1/D = 0,05 (m) = 5 (cm)
- Vt nm ti C
C
C
' d
1
d
1
f
1
+
vi f =12,5 (cm), d = - 25 (cm) ta tnh c d = 25/6 (cm).
- S bi gic ca knh lp khi ngm chng cc cn l: G
C
= k
C
= -d/d = 6
7.67* Chn: B
Hng dn:
- Tiu c ca knh lp l f = 1/D = 0,125 (m) = 12,5 (cm)
- Vt nm ti C
C
C
' d
1
d
1
f
1
+
vi f =12,5 (cm), d = - 10 (cm) ta tnh c d = 50/9 (cm).
124
- S bi gic ca knh lp khi ngm chng cc cn l: G
C
= k
C
= -d/d = 1,8
7.68* Chn: A
Hng dn: Khi mt t ti tiu im ca knh th bi gic l G = /f = 0,8
7.69** Chn: A
Hng dn: Mun bi gic khng ph thuc vo cch ngm chng th mt
phi t ti tiu im nh ca knh (l= f)
53. Knh hin vi
7.70 Chn: B
Hng dn: Knh hin vi c cu to gm: Vt knh l thu knh hi t c tiu c
rt ngn, th knh l thu knh hi t c tiu c ngn.
7.71 Chn: C
Hng dn: Cch ngm chng ca knh hin vi: iu chnh khong cch gia
vt v vt knh sao cho nh qua knh hin vi nm trong khong nhn r ca
mt.
7.72 Chn: D
Hng dn: Cng thc tnh bi gic ca knh hin vi khi ngm chng v
cc
2 1
f f
7.73 Chn: A
Hng dn: Cch ngm chng ca knh hin vi: iu chnh khong cch gia
vt v vt knh sao cho nh qua knh hin vi nm trong khong nhn r ca
mt. Thay i khong cch gia vt v vt knh bng cch a ton b ng
knh ln hay xung sao cho nhn thy nh ca vt to v r nht.
7.74 Chn: C
7.75 Chn: A
Hng dn: bi gic ca knh hin vi khi ngm chng v cc l
2 1
f f

vi = O
1
O
2
(f
1
+ f
2
).
7.76 Chn: A
Hng dn:
- bi gic ca knh hin vi khi ngm chng cc cn bng phng i :
G
C
= k
C
.
- Khi mt t ti tiu im nh ca th knh th d
2
= - 20 (cm) vn dng
cng thc thu knh, t ta tnh c d
2
= 4 (cm), d
1
= 16 (cm) v d
1
=
16/15 (cm).
- phng i k
C
= k
1
.k
2
= 75 (ln)
7.77 Chn: C
Hng dn: bi gic ca knh hin vi khi ngm chng v cc l G
= k
1
.G
2
7.78 Chn: C
Hng dn: bi gic ca knh hin vi khi ngm chng v cc l
2 1
f f

vi = O
1
O
2
(f
1
+ f
2
) v = 25 (cm).
7.79** Chn: B
125
7.80** Chn: C
54. Knh thin vn
7.81 Chn: C
Hng dn: Ngi ta dng knh thin vn quan st nhng thin th xa.
7.82 Chn: B
Hng dn: Cch ngm chng ca knh thin vn: iu chnh khong cch gia
vt knh v th knh sao cho nh ca vt qua knh nm trong khong nhn r
ca mt.
7.83 Chn: D
Hng dn: Knh thin vn c cu to gm: Vt knh l thu knh phn k c
tiu c di, th knh l thu knh hi t c tiu c ngn.
7.84 Chn: A
Hng dn: Cng thc tnh s bi gic ca knh thin vn khi ngm chng v
cc l:
2
1
f
f
G
. bi gic ca knh thin vn t l thun vi tiu c ca vt
knh v t l nghch vi tiu c ca th knh.
7.85 Chn: A
Hng dn: Cch ngm chng ca knh thin vn: iu chnh khong cch gia
vt knh v th knh sao cho nh ca vt qua knh nm trong khong nhn r
ca mt.
7.86 Chn: D
7.87 Chn: A
Hng dn: Khi ngm chng v cc khong cch gia vt knh v thj kinh
ca knh thin vn l O
1
O
2
= f
1
+ f
2
(v F
1
F
2
)
7.88 Chn: B
Hng dn: p dng cng thc tnh s bi gic ca knh thin vn khi ngm
chng v cc:
2
1
f
f
G
.
7.89 Chn: C
7.90 Chn: B
7.91* Chn: C
Hng dn: Gii h phng trnh:
'
+

) cm ( 62 O O f f
30 G
f
f
2 1 2 1
2
1
ta c f
1
= 60 (cm), f
2
= 2 (cm).
126
55. Bi tp v dng c quang hc
7.92 Chn: B
Hng dn: Tia ti vung gc vi mt bn nn ta c i = 0, r = 0, suy ra r = A =
30
0
, i = D + A = 60
0
, p dng cng thc sini = nsinr, ta tnh c n = 3 .
7.93 Chn: C
2
A
sin . n
2
A D
sin
min
+
vi A = 60
0
v n = 3 , ta c
D
min
= 60
0
.
7.94 Chn: B
Hng dn: p dng cng thc thu knh
' d
1
d
1
f
1
+
vi f =5 (mm), d = 5,2 (mm)
ta tnh c d = 130 (mm).
7.95* Chn: B
Hng dn: Tiu c ca th knh l f
2
ta c tan =
2
f
' B ' A
suy ra f
2
=
' B ' A
tan
' B ' A
= 2 (cm)
7.96 Chn: B
Hng dn:
- Xem hng dn cu 7.96 c f
2
= 2 (cm).
- Tiu c ca vt knh l f
1
=
1
D
1
= 2 (m) = 200 (cm)
- p dng cng thc tnh s bi gic ca knh thin vn khi ngm chng v
cc:
2
1
f
f
G
.
7.97 Chn: C
Hng dn:
Xt vt knh ca knh hin vi, p dng cng thc thu knh
' d
1
d
1
f
1
+
vi f =
5 (mm), d = 5,2 (mm) suy ra d = 130 (mm).
phng i qua vt kinh l k =
d
' d
= - 25
7.98 Chn: C
56. Thc hnh: Xc nh chit sut ca nc v
tiu c ca thu knh phn k
7.99 Chn: D
Hng dn:
- Php tuyn i vi mt phng ti mt im l ng thng vung gc vi
mt phng ti im .
- Php tuyn i vi mt tr ti mt im l ng thng trng vi bn knh
ca mt tr i qua im .
- Php tuyn i vi mt cu ti mt im l ng thng trng vi bn knh
ca mt cu i qua im .
7.100 Chn: C
127
Hng dn: Khi nh sng truyn vung gc vi mt phn cch gia hai mi tr-
ng th gc ti bng gc khc x v bng khng.
7.101 Chn: A
Hng dn: Thnh cc lun nh hng ti ng i ca tia sng.
7.102 Chn: D
Hng dn: Trong trng hp ny vt l vt o c d = -10 (cm), nh l nh tht d
= 20 (cm). p dng cng thc thu knh
' d
1
d
1
f
1
+
ta tnh c f = -20 (cm)
Ht
128

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TK.

Vi M, N l hnh chiu ca M, N ln mt trc trng vi mt ng sc bt k.

- in dung ca n t in ghp song song:

1.35 Hai im M v N nm trn cng mt ng sc ca mt in trng u c

1.62 Mt t in phng, gi nguyn din tch i din gia hai bn t, tng

, vi = 81, r = 3 (cm) v F = 0,2.10

ta thy: Mt t in phng, gi nguyn din tch i din gia

,vi khng kh c = 1, din tch S = R

(dng in chy t A n B, qua my thu t cc dng sang cc m)

2.30 Mt ngun in c in tr trong 0,1 () c mc vi in tr 4,8 ()

3.19 Mt bnh in phn ng dung dch AgNO

r l khong cch t im kho st n dy dn.

r l khong cch gia hai dng in.

4.23 Dng in I = 1 (A) chy trong dy dn thng di. Cm ng t ti im M

5.39 Mt nng lng t trng c xc nh theo cng thc:

5.40 Mt ng dy c h s t cm L = 0,01 (H), c dng in I = 5 (A) chy ng

suy ra b = 85,9 (cm).

suy ra d = 0,9 (m)

+ Khi ngm chng im cc cn: G

(vi l di quang hc ca knh hin vi)

7.63 Trn vnh knh lp c ghi x10, tiu c ca knh l:

7.75 Mt ngi mt tt c khong nhn r t 24 (cm) n v cc, quan st mt

7.87 Mt knh thin vn gm vt knh c tiu c f

TK.Cu hi trc nghim lp 11

- Cng thc tnh s bi gic ca knh thin vn khi ngm chng v cc l:

= 10 vi = 25 (cm) suy ra tiu c ca knh l f = /G =

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