Multiple Myeloma

Presented by: Mike Lynch

Outline of Presentation
Multiple myeloma Statistics Causes Symptoms Prognosis Treatment options

(myeloma or plasma cell myeloma)

Multiple Myeloma

Hematological cancer Plasma cells

White blood cells Immune system Bone marrow

How Plasma Cells Work

Develop from stem cells in bone marrow Stem cells develop into B cells (B

lymphocytes) Antigens enter body then B cells develop into plasma cells Produce antibodies

Normal Cell (5%)

Myeloma Cells (10%)

What Causes Myeloma Cells To Grow?

Adhesion molecules Stromal cells

Interactions:
Cytokins (chemical messengers) Growth factors that promote angiogenesis Inactivated immune system

Statistics
Second most prevalent blood cancer Approximately 1% of all cancers and 2%

of all cancer deaths. 45,000 currently have multiple myeloma 14,600 new cases of myeloma each year. Responsible for more than 10,000 deaths in the United States annually. 5 year survival rate
http://www.multiplemyeloma.org/about_myeloma/2.03.asp

Causes
Is not known for sure Decline in the immune system Biological factors Certain occupations Exposure to certain chemicals Exposure to radiation Virus

Symptoms
Abnormal proteins
Blood and urine Polyclonal to Monoclonal proteins

High level of calcium in blood

Excessive thirst and urination Sleepiness Constipation Nausea Loss of appetite Mental confusion

Symptoms Continued
Anemia Fatigue Bone pain Unexplained bone fractures Repeated infections
Weight loss Weakness and numbness in limbs
Pneumonia Bladder and kidney infection Urinary tract infection Back Ribs

Screening and Diagnosis

Blood and urine tests X-rays Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) Computerized Tomography (CT) Bone marrow examination

Staging
Stage 1
Stage 2

Low amount of myeloma Medium amount of myeloma High amount of myeloma Normal kidney function Abnormal kidney function

Stage 3
A

Treatment Options
Chemotherapy Stem cell transplantation Radiation therapy
Bortezomib (Velcade) Thalidamide

Thank you for your time

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