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External Commercial Borrowing (ECB)
External Commercial Borrowing (ECB)
Facilitates the access to foreign money by Indian corporations and PSUs (public sector undertakings) ECBs include commercial bank loans, buyers' credit, securitized instruments such as floating rate notes and fixed rate bonds
International banks International capital markets Multilateral financial institutions (such as ADB) Export credit agencies Suppliers of equipments Foreign collaborators and Foreign equity holders
A "foreign equity holder" to be eligible as recognized lender under the automatic route would require minimum holding of paidup equity in the borrower company as set out below: For ECB up to USD 5 million minimum paid-up equity of 25 per cent held directly by the lender, For ECB more than USD 5 million minimum paid-up equity of 25 per cent held directly by the lender and ECB liabilityequity ratio not exceeding 4:1
Between January and July 2012, India Inc borrowed US$ 20.4 Bn
Almost 80% of ECB into Infra sector (i.e.) industries like Oil & Petroleum, Power, Iron & Steel, etc.