Mathematics 197: Introduction to Matrix Analysis

Problem Set 3 (Second Semester, AY 2010-2011) Sample Problem Set Directions: Justify all answers and work independently. Proofs should be clear, coherent, complete and concise. Let x denote the third digit from the right of your student number. If x is odd, do #1, 2a, 3a, 3b, 4a, 5a. Otherwise, do #1, 2b, 3c, 3d, 4b, 5b. 1. If A, B Mn are Hermitian, show that tr(AB )2 tr(A2 )tr(B 2 ). 2. Let A = [aij ] Mn be Hermitian with eigenvalues 1 2 . . . n . (1 point) (2 points each)

a) Show that if aii = n for some i, then the rest of the entries in row i and column i of A are zero. b) Show that if aii = 1 for some i, then the rest of the entries in row i and column i of A are zero. 3. A vector norm || || is said to be derived from an inner product , if ||x|| = x, x
1 2

(1 point each)

a) Show that any vector norm || || derived from an inner product , must satisfy 1 (||x + y ||2 + ||x y ||2 ) = ||x||2 + ||y ||2 . 2 b) Show that the vector norm || || on Cn is not derived from an inner product. c) Show that any vector norm || || derived from an inner product , satises Re x, y = 1 (||x + y ||2 ||x y ||2 ). 4

d) Show that the vector norm || ||1 on Cn is not derived from an inner product. 4. Show that if y Cn , then a) ||y || = max||x||1 =1 |y x|. b) ||y ||1 = max||x|| =1 |y x|. 5. What is the graph of the unit ball B|||| = {x R2 |||x|| 1} if || || is a) || ||1 ? b) || || ? END (1.5 points each) (1.5 points each)

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