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Chemical Bonds
Chemical Bonds
Chemical Bonding
1. Types of Chemical Bonds Bonds are electrostatic forces that hold groups of atoms together and make them function as a unit. Atoms bond so that the system can achieve the lowest possible energy. Energy is always released when bonds form! Energy is required to break a bond! Formation of NaCl Favorable ionization energy and high electron affinity!
Formation of H2
H---F
+ H2 would therefore be nonpolar! There is a difference in electronegativity! Electronegativity is the ability of an atom in a molecule to attract shared electrons to itself in a covalent bond. Elements that have high electron affinities should have high electronegativities. Which is the highest? What is the trend? An essential truth: An electronegativity difference between two atoms of 1.9 or greater indicates an ionic bond; less that 1.9 is covalent. Is water polar or nonpolar? Carbon dioxide? Oxygen? Questions: p.406,#19,25 Review: http://ca.youtube.com/watch?v=tSG4R4YZUW8
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