LEADERSHIP STYLES

TOTALITARIANISM
CHARACTERISTICS WHEN EFFECTIVE WHEN INEFFECTIVE EXAMPLES

TOTALITARIANISM
CHARACTERISTICS WHEN EFFECTIVE WHEN INEFFECTIVE EXAMPLES

-absolute control by a political party

-when a goal must be accomplished by a set time -a theory or system where -when all citizens / all economic activity is members agree to the controlled by a political policies set by the leaders party -if leaders abide by the same rules set for their -leadership by a dictator citizens who has complete power. They are usually aggressive and or racist

-if citizens / members do not agree to the rules or policies -if leaders do not follow the same rules as expected by their citizens / members -if there is no time limit for a goal

-countries belonging to the former Soviet Union, China, Cuba, North Korea

-Germany in the 1930s-40s

AUTOCRATIC
CHARACTERISTICS WHEN EFFECTIVE WHEN INEFFECTIVE EXAMPLES

AUTOCRATIC
CHARACTERISTICS WHEN EFFECTIVE WHEN INEFFECTIVE EXAMPLES

-tells others what to do -limits discussion on ideas -can be elected into power and is a less extreme form of totalitarianism -decisions are made by a king or queen (monarch)

-time is limited in decision making -individuals/ group lack still and knowledge -group members / citizens do not get along or are unable to co-operate

-developing a strong sense of team is a goal -group members or citizens have some degree of skill /knowledge

-developing a strong sense of team is a goal -group members or citizens have some degree of skill /knowledge

DEMOCRATIC
CHARACTERISTICS WHEN EFFECTIVE WHEN INEFFECTIVE EXAMPLES

DEMOCRATIC
CHARACTERISTICS WHEN EFFECTIVE WHEN INEFFECTIVE EXAMPLES

-decisions are made by the majority

-high degree of skill and motivation among group members -a sense of team exists -routines are familiar to participants

-power rests in the body of citizens and the head of government is not a king or queen (monarch)

-low sense of team /interdependence -members have low degree of skill / knowledge -group expects what to be told what to do

-Canada, U.S

LAISSEZ-FAIRE
CHARACTERISTICS WHEN EFFECTIVE WHEN INEFFECTIVE EXAMPLES

LAISSEZ-FAIRE
CHARACTERISTICS WHEN EFFECTIVE WHEN INEFFECTIVE EXAMPLES

-no group leader or recognized system of government

-time is available -group is motivated and /or a sense of team exists -members of the group have some degree of skill/knowledge

-group is unmotivated -members have little skill or knowledge -high degree of conflict is present

-Somalia

-a state of social disorder due to lack of government *Often results in Anarchy

THEOCRATIC
CHARACTERISTICS WHEN EFFECTIVE WHEN INEFFECTIVE EXAMPLES

THEOCRATIC
CHARACTERISTICS WHEN EFFECTIVE WHEN INEFFECTIVE EXAMPLES

-leadership by the religion

-if all members possess the same understanding of the religion -values / morals and ethics are the same for all members involved

-if religious rules and -Ayatollah Khomeini of regulations are interpreted Iran (1979-1989) differently among citizens / members -if values / morals and ethics are different for citizens / members

ARISTOCRACY
CHARACTERISTICS WHEN EFFECTIVE WHEN INEFFECTIVE EXAMPLES

ARISTOCRACY
CHARACTERISTICS WHEN EFFECTIVE WHEN INEFFECTIVE EXAMPLES

-decisions made by those who are considered to be superior through wealth or education

- when the aristocracy is interested in the welfare of the people

- when the aristocracy becomes self interested in maintaining the status quo

- France - Estates System