bauja-A

u a janavaadI k`aint, navajanavaadI k`aint,

AaOr samaajavaadI k`aint pr iTPpNaI
(Baaga -1)
Baart maoM k`aint kI maMijala @yaa hO , rajya sa%ta ka cairt` @yaa hO,
k`aint mao vagaao- kI laamabandI kOsao haogaI AaOr k`aint ka mau#ya kaya-Baar @yaa
haogaa ? yao kuC eosao p`Sna hO ijasao lao kr k`aintkarI Komao mao gaMBaIr matBaod
hO. [na p`Snaao kao saulaJaanao ko ilae yah AavaSyak hO ik ivaSva [ithasa mao
GaiTt k`aintyaaoM ka ]nakI zaosa pirisqait mao Aqyana ikyaa jaayao AaOr ]sasao
k`aintkarI sabak lao kr Baart mao k`aint sao sambainQat savaalaao ka
k`aintkarI hla inakalaa jaayao taik ek k`aintkarI paTI- inamaa-Na ko ilayao
mau#ya AavaSyak Sat- pUrI kI jaa sako. laala salaama ko A@TUvar 2001 AkM
4 mao bauja-uAa janavaadI k`aint, navajanavaadI k`aint, AaOr samaajavaadI k`aint :
ek eOithaisak puna-valaaokna p`kaiSat laoK [saI idSaa mao ek p`yaasa hO AaOr
hma ]nasao k[- ibanduAaoM pr Asahmat haoto hue BaI ]nako [sa kdma ka
svaagat krto hO.
jama-naI mao pUMjaIvaad ko ivakasa ko baaro mao [sa Aaklana sao vao AarmBa
krto hO ik 1848 mao vahaM pUMjaIvaad ka ivakasa ABaI Sau$ hI huAa qaa AaOr
vah 1905 ko $saI pUMjaIvaad sao BaI pICo qaa. Agar vahaM pUMjaIvaad ka ivakasa
ABaI Sau$ hI huAa qaa AaOr vah 1905 ko $saI pUMjaIvaad sao BaI pICo qaa tao
vahMa pUMjaIvaadI ]%padna ivakasa ko iksa str pr qaa - saaQaarna sahyaaoga
maOnaufo@car yaa AaQauinak ]Qaaoga ko str pr ? laala salaama ko saaiqayaaoM kao
svaBaaivak $p sao [na p`SnaaoM pr ivacaar krnaa caaihe qaa.laoikna vao eosaa
ja$rI nahI samaJato AaOr vao yah inaYkYa- inakalato hO ik maa@sa- AaOr
eMgaoMlsa nao ]sa samaya jama-naI kI zaosa pirisqait ko Anausaar jaao naIit
Apnaa[- vah GaaoYaNaap~a mao AQyaaya ek mao vaiNa-t Aama naIit sao iBanna qaI.
]nako Anausaar yah Aama naIit sao iBanna [sa ilae qaI @yaaoM ik jama-naI
mao tqaa tba sao lao kr 20vaIM sadI ko saBaI k`aintyaaoM mao pUMjaIvaad kI maUlaBaUt
gait kao jaiTla banaanao vaalao kark - pUMjaIvaad pUva- kI saamaaijak saMrcanaaAaoM
ko AvaSaoYaaoM AaOr saama`ajyavaad - kao Apnao ihsaaba mao laoto hue kmyauinaYTaoM nao
k`aint kI rNanaIit AaOr rNakaOSala inaQaa-irt ike.laala salaama ko saaqaI
khto hO:

Kud jama-naI kI zaosa isqait ijasa pr ]sa samaya maa@-sa AaOr

eMgaolsa ka Qyaana mau#yat: koind`t qaa ]sasao ibalkula iBanna qaI jaao
kmyauinaYT paTI- ko GaaoYaNaa pt` mao pUMjaIvaad ka ica~a qaI, ]sa samaya
ABaI vahaM pUMjaIvaad ka ivakasa ABaI Sau$ hI huAa qaa AaOr bahut
kmajaaor qaa.vah ]sa samaya 1905 ko $saI pUMjaIvaad sao BaI pICo qaa.
eosao mao kmyauinaYT paTI- ko GaaoYaNaa pt` mao hI jama-naI ko sambanQa mao
maa@sa- AaOr eMgaolsa nao ]sa samaya jama-naI ko zaosa isqait ko Anausaar
naIit Apnaa[- jaao AQyaaya ek mao vaiNa- t Aama naIit sao iBanna qaI.
tba sao lao kr baIsavaI sadI ko saBaI k`aintyaaoM pr yahI baat
laagau haotI hO 1871 ko poirsa kmyauna kao CaoD kr. [na saBaI k`aintyaao
mao pUMjaIvaad kI maUlaBaUt gait kao jaiTla banaa donao vaalao karkao kao
Kasa kr pUMjaIvaad pUva- ko saamaaijak sarMcanaaAaoM ko AvaSaoYaaoM kao ihsaaba
mao laoto hue kmyauinaYTao nao k`aint kI rNanaIit AaOr rNakaOSala inaQaairt ike AaOr k`aint kao Anjaama idyaa. [sa p`ik`yaa mao maUlaBaUt
samaanataAaoM ko saaqa saaqa k`aintyaaoM nao iBanna iBanna $p Ai#tyaar
ike.laala salaama AkM 4 vaYa- 2001 poja 2
AaOr [sa trh jama-naI, $sa AaOr caIna kI k`aint ko cair~a kao
inaQa-airt krnao vaalao vastugat BaaOitk pirisqait kI cacaa- krto samaya vao
kovala pUMjaIvaad pUva- kI saamaaijak saMrcanaaAaoM ko AvaSaoYaaoM AaOr saama`ajyavaad
kao hI doKto hOM.rajya ko cairt evaM pUraanao pD gayao AiQarcanaa ka
ivaksaIt pUMjaIvaadI ]%padna ko saaqa inarntr T@kr kao, pUMjaIvaadI ]%padna
pwit ko ivakasa ko saaqa inarntr tIba` haoto [sa Ant-ivaraoQa kI cacaa- krnaa
BaI vao ja$rI nahI samaJato ijasako ibanaa $sa AaOr jama-naI mao haonao vaalao
k`aintkarI pirvat-na AaOr sava-hara vaga- kI paTI- kI rNanaIit evaM rNakaOSala
kao nahI samaJaa jaa sakta tqaa baIsavaIM sadI mao samaajavaadI $saI rajya ko
]dya ko mah%va kao ijasako ibanaa caIna mao sampnna hu[- navajanavaadI k`aint ko
Ant-ya- kao nahI samaJaa jaa sakta.
laoikna hmaaro laala salaama ko saaqaI k`aintyaaoM ko eoithaisak laoKo
jaaooKo ko phlao k`aint ko baaro mao kuC bauinayaadI baato batanaa caahto hO . yao
baato hO ka`int ka maUlaBaUt p`Sna, k`aint ko maUlaBaUt kaya-Baar tqaa vagaao- kI
laamabandI [%yaadI. k`aint ka maUlaBaUt p`Sna @yaa hO? Lala salaama nao
stailana kI inamna pi>yaaM ]QaRt ikyaa hO :

laoinana khto hO ik p`%yaok ka`int ka mau#ya p`Sna rajyasa%ta

ka p`Sna haota hO iksa vaga- yaa ikna vagaao- ko haqaaoM maoM sa%ta koind`t hO
iksa vaga- yaa ikna vagaao- kao ]KaD foknaa hO kaOna sao vaga- yaa kaOna sao
vagaao- kao sa%ta haisala krnaI hO p`%yaok ka`int ka mau#ya p`Sna yah
haota hO.
PaTI- ko bauinayaadI naaro jaao paTI- kI iksaI ivaSaosa maMijala ko
samaucao kala ko daOrana ApnaI vaOQata kayama rKto hO bauinayaadI naaro nahI
kho jaa sakto yaid vao pUNa- $p sao tqaa samaga` $p sao laoinana kI [sa
mau#ya qaIisasa pr AaQaairt nahI hO.
bauinayaadI naaro tBaI sahI hao sakto hO java vao vaga- Sai>yaaoM ko
maa@sa-vaadI ivaSlaoYaNa pr AaQaairt hao java vao vaga- saMGaYa- ko maaocao - pr
k`aintkarI Sai>yaaoM ko ivanyaasa kI sahI yaaojanaa poSa krto hao java vao
janasamaudaya kao k`aint kI ivajaya ko ilae saMGaYa- ko maaocao- pr laanao mao
madd krto hao eosao saMGaYa- ko maaocao- pr jaao nayao vaga- Wara sa%ta pr
kbjaa krnao ko ilae hao jaba vaao byaapk samaudaya mao sao baDI AaOr
Sai>SaalaI saonaa ko inamaa-Na mao jaao [sa kaya-Baar kao pUra krnao ko ilae
AavaSyak hO paTI- kI madd krto hao. J.V. Stalin. The Parties Three
Fundalmental Slogans on the Peasant Question, Reply to Yansky,
Problems of Leninsim, Foreign Language Press. Peking 1976 PP-237238

prntu p`%yaok k`aint ka mau#ya p`Sna rajya sa%ta ka p`Sna @yaaoM hO?
[sa p`sqaapnaa ka saar $p mao @yaa matlaba hO ? hmaaro laala salaama ko
saaqaI khto hO :
yaaina p`%yaok k`aint ka maUlaBaut p`Sna rajya sa%ta ka p`Sna
haota hO. yah [saI baat kao khnao ka dUsar trIka hO ik jaao vagarajya sa%ta pr kaibaja haota hO vah samaaja pr Saasana krta hO samaaja
kao Apnao ihtao ko Anausaar calaata hO eosao mao yaid kao[- nayaa vaga- yaa
nayao vaga- samaaja kao Apnao ihsaaba sao calaanaa caahta hO tao ]sao rajya
sa%ta pr kbjaa krnaa pDo,gaa.ivaraoQaI vaga- kao kucalanao ]sao dbaa kr
rKnao inayain~at krnao kI maSaInarI yaaina rajya sa%ta Apnao haqa mao
laonaI pDo,gaI. AaOr [sa ilae rajya sa%ta ka p`Sna svaBaavat: hI maUla
p`Sna bana jaata hO. laala salaama AkM 4 vaYa- 2001 poja 3

yah saca hO ik rajya sa%ta vagaI-ya Saasana ka ek Apirhaya- hiqayaar

hO AaOr Agar iksaI vaga- kao Apnaa vagaI-ya Saasana sqaaipt krnaa hO tao savap`qama ]sao rajya sa%ta Apnao haqa mao laonaI pDogaI. laoikna [tnaa Bar kh
donao sao k`aint ko maUlaBaUt p`Sna AaOr k`aint ko iksaI Kasa maMijala mao paTIko bauinayaadI naaro ko baIca sambanQa pr kao[- p`kaSa nahI pD,ta. yahaM stailana
sava-hara kI paTI- ko bauinayaadI naaro AaOr AaOr k`aint ko maUlaBaUt p`Sna yaaina
rajya sa%ta ko p`Sna ko baIca sambanQa pr p`kaSa Dala rho hO. rajya sa%ta
ka p`Sna yaaina iksa vaga- kao yaa ikna vagaao- kao ]KaD foknaa hO AaOr iksa
vaga- kao yaa ikna vagaao- kao sa%ta haisala krnaa hO - [sa p`Sna kao Qyaana mao
rK kr hI rajanaOitk naaro banaayao jaanao caaihe.
rajya sa%ta ko maUlaBaUt p`Sna AaOr k`aint ko cair~a ko baIca sambanQa
ko baaro mao laala salaama khto hO :
k`aint ka cair~a na kovala [sasao tya haota hO ik iksa vaga- kao
sa%ta sao hTayaa jaa rha hO bailk [sasao BaI tya haota hO ik sa%ta pr
kbjaa krnao ko baad ]%tpadna pWit ko Co~a mao iksa kaya-Baar kao
AMjaama idyaa jaa rha hO. laala salaama AkM 4 vaYa- 2001 poja 4
hma [sa baat sao [nakar nahI krto ik k`aint ka cair~a [sasao BaI
tya haota hO ik iksa vaga- kao sa%ta sao ]KaD foka jaanaa hO laoikna k`aint
ka cair~a [sasao tao ibalkula hI nahI tya haota ik sa%ta pr kbjaa krnao ko
baad ]%tpadna pWit ko xao~a mao iksa kaya-Baar kao AMjaama idyaa jaa rha hO
yaa idyaa jaanao vaalaa hO.
]%padna pwit mao pirvat-na k`aint ka kaya-Baar nahI haota, bailk kao[
BaI kaya-Baar tBaI ]pisqat haota hO jaba Aaiqa-k saMrcanaa mao AavaSyak
pirvat-na hao jaato hO yaa kma sao kma tOyaar hao rho haoto hO. saamaanyat:
Aaiqa-k saMrcanaa mao nayaI ]%padna pwit ivakasa kr ko Aagao bad jaatI hO
AaOr vah AiGarcanaa ko saaqa jaao ABaI pUranaa hI rhta hO, TkratI hO AaOr
[sa ilea pUranaa pD, gayaa AiQarcanaa ]%padk Sai> ko ivakasa mao vaaQaa bana
jaata hO. At: k`aint ka mau#ya kaya-Baar AiQarcanaa ko xao~a mao mao pirvat-na
krnaa haota hO AaOr [sako saaqa hI k`aint kI vah maMijala samaaPt hao jaatI
hO. PaUraanaI ]%padna pwit ko AvaSaoYa ka nayaI ]%padna pwit mao pirvat-na
mau#ya kaya-Baar ko $p mao nahI bailk ]p-]%pad ko $p mao haota hO.

janavaadI k`aint ka maU#ya kaya-Baar saamantI AiQarcanaa kao naYT kr

ko pUMjaIvaadI AiQarcanaa sqaaipt krnaa haota hO. AaOr yah kaya- ivaSva
[ithasa mao vaujaU-Aa vaga- ko ijammao Aayaa qaa.yaUraop ko k[- doSa mao saamantI
inarMkUSata kao kucala kr janavaadI k`aint [saI trh sampnna kI gayaI qaI.
laoikna pUMjaIvaad Apnao janma sao hI Ant-ivaraoQaaoM sao ga`st qaa.pUMjaIvaad ko
Aaiva-Baava ko saaqa ]saka duSmana ]sakI kba` Kaodnao vaalaa sava-hara vaga- BaI
Aayaa. PUMjaIpit vaga- ko sa%ta mao Aanao ko saaqa hI AaOr AavaSyak pirvat-na
AiQarcanaa mao haonao ko saaqa hI maU#ya vaga- saGaMYa- Aba saamantI vaga- ko saaqa
pUMjaIpit vaga- ko saMGaYa- kI jagah pUMjaIpit vaga- ko saaqa sava-hara vaga- ko saMGaYanao lao ilayaa.pUMjaIvaad ko Ant-gat ]%padna ko saamaaijak cair~a AaOr hstgat
ko inajaI sva$p ko baIca baZto hue Ant-ivaraoQa nao vah Aaiqa- k AaQaar p`stut
ikyaa jaao Ainavaaya- $p sao pUMjaIpit vaga- AaOr sava-hara vaga- ko baIca calanao
vaalao vaga- saMGaYa- kao samaajavaadI k`aint kI Aaor lao jaata hO. AaOr [sa trh
pUMjaIpit vaga- ko sa%ta mao Aanao AaOr AiQarcanaa mao AavaSyak pirvat-na haonao
ko baad k`aint ka maMijala janavaadI na hao kr samaajavaadI hao jaata hO.
jaba laoinana yah khto hO ik iksa vaga- ko haqa mao sa%ta hO yah saba
kuC tya krta hO tao [saka matlaba laala salaama ko saaqaI yahI inakalato
hO ik Agar sa%ta pUMjaIpit vaga- ko haqa mao Aa jaayao tao vah pUMjaIvaadI
samaaja kI sqaapnaa krogaa AaOr samaaja kao pUMjaIvaadI rasto pr lao jaayaogaa.
yah saca hO magar pUMjaIpit vaga- na kovala samaaja kao pUMjaIvaadI rasto pr lao
jaayaogaa bailk vah pUMjaIvaadI ivakasa ko rasto mao Aanao vaalao tmaama AvaraoQaaoM
kao dUr krogaa AaOr maU#ya $p sao pUva- pUMjaIvaadI AiQarcanaa AaOr rajya kI
jagah nayaI pUMjaIvaadI AiQarcanaa AaOr rajya sqaaipt kro gaa.
ifr vao Aagao savaala krto hO - prntu yaid ]sa samaya ]sao (pUMjaIpit
vaga-) kao sa%tacyaut kr Agar sava-hara sa%ta mao Aa jaaya tao ? tba sava-hara
samaaja kao samaajavaad AaOr kmyauinajma kI trf lao jaanao ka p`yaasa kro
gaa. AaOr [sa trh vao [sa inaYkYa- pr phuMcato hO ik ijasa vaga- ko haqa mao
sa%ta haota hO vah saba kuC tya krta hO.
[tnaa hI nahI vao yah BaI maanato hO ik ek eosao doSa mao Agar sava-hara
vaga- pUMjaIpit vaga- kao hTa kr sa%ta mao Aa jaayao jahaM pUMjaIvaadI ivakasa ABaI
Sau$ hI huAa hO tba BaI vah samaajavaadI k`ait ko maMijala mao nahI phMuca
sakta AaOr [sa ilae k`aint ka maMijala janavaadI hI haogaa AaOr sava-hara kao
janavaadI k`aint krnaI pDo gaI. Laala salaama ko saaqaI khto hO:

eosao mao java tk yah kaya-Baar pUra nahI hao jaata AaOr yah
mau#ya kaya-Baar banaa rhta hO tba tk k`aint janavaadI k`aint kI
maMijala mao haotI hO Balao hI sa%ta mao sava-hara vaga- hao AaOr vah Kud
vaujauAa vaga- sao laD, kr sa%ta mao Aayaa hao. laala salaama AkM 4 vaYa- 2001
poja 5

AaOr [sa trh vao [sa baotuko isawnt pr jaa phMucato hO ik k`aint kI
maMijala [sasao tya nahI haota ik kaOna saa vaga- yaa vagaao- kao rajya sa%ta sao
]KaD, foka jaanaa hO bailk [sasao tya haota hO ik kaOna saa kaya-Baar
]%padna pwit mao ikyaa jaanaa hO. Agar sava-hara vaga- pUMjaIpit vaga- kao hTa
kr rajya sa%ta mao Aa jaayao tao BaI k`aint ka maMijala ]nako [sa baotuko
isawant ko Anausaar janavaadI hI rhta hO @yaaoM ik saamantvaad ko ivanaaSa
AaOr pUMjaIvaad yaaina janavaad ko sqaapnaa ka kaya-Baar pUra krnao ko daOr sao
]sao gaujarnaa pDo gaa. jaaihr hO yahaM k`aint ka maMijala janavaadI haoto hue BaI
k`aint ka maU#ya p`Sna rajya sa%ta ka p`Sna nahI haota @yaaoik sava-hara vagarajya sa%ta mao hO. hma eosaI k`aint kI klpnaa hI kr sakto hO ijasamao
k`aint ka maU#ya p`Sna rajya sa%ta sao iksaI vaga- kao ]KaD foknao ka nahI
bailk kuC AaOr hI haota hO. laoinana ko ]pr ]QaRt vaa@ya ko Aqa- ka Anaqainakalanao ka [sasao baohtr Saayad hI kao[ dUsara imasaala imala sakta hO.
$sa ko baaro mao iTPpNaI krto hue laala salama ko saaqaI ilaKto hO :
frvarI 1917 mao jaarSaahI samaaPt hu[- AaOr majadUraoM-saOinakao
kI saaoivayataoM iksaana saaoivayataoM ko saaqa kI sa<aa ko $p mao majadUraoM
iksaanaaoM ka k`aintkarI janavaadI AiQanaayak%va kayama huAa. pr
rajakIya sa<aa bauja-uAa vaga- ko haqa mao calaI ga[-. [sa trh duhrI sa<aa
ka ]dya huAa. bauja-uAa vaga- nao bauja-uAa janavaad ka jyaadatr kamaaoM kao
AMjaama nahI idyaa - BaUima ka ivatrNa Aaid.[saI sao ]sa samaya
jyaadatr baaolSaoivak yah saaocato qao ik hma AbaI janavaadI k`aint ko hI
maMijala mao hI hO. laoikna laoinana nao kha ik Aba hma bauja- uAa janavaadI
k`aint ko maMijala mao bauja-uAa k`aint ko bacao hue kaya-Baar kao pUra nahI
kr sakto. hmao Aagao jaanaa haogaa.samaajavaadI k`aint kr ko hI
baujauAa k`aint ko kaya-Baar kao hma AMjaama do sakto hO. poja 15
jyaadatr baaolSaoivak caaho jaao saaocato rho hao laoikna laala salaama ko
saaqaaI eosaa ja$r saaoca sakto hO ik jaarSaahI (Baart ko sandBa- mao

iba`TISaSaahI) samaaPt haonao pr BaI AaOr rajakIya sa<aa bauja-uAa vaga- ko haqa mao
calao jaanao ko baad BaI bauja-uAa janavaad ko jyaadatr kamaaoM - jaOsao BaUima ka
ivatrNa Aaid - kao AMjaama nahI idyao jaanao ko halat mao k`aint ka maMijala
janavaadI hI haogaa.ApnaI p`sqaapnaa ko pxa mao vao laoinana kI inamna pi>yaaoM kao
]QaRt krto hO :
prntu $sa ko janagaNa ko ilae baujau-Aa janavaadI k`aint kI
]plaibQayaaM saudRZ, kr saknao ko vaasto hmao Aagao baZnaa pD,a qaa AaOr hma
Aagao baZ,o. hmanao janavaadI k`aint ko p`SnaaoM kao calato calato ibanaa iksaI
tOyaarI ko Apnao mau#ya tqaa vaastivak sava-hara k`aint samaajavaadI
kaya- ko ]pao%pad ko $p mao hla ikyaa. (Lenin C.W. Vol X,
page -207)
AaOr [sakI vyaa#yaa laala salaama ko saaqaI [na Sabdao mao krto hO :
gaaOrtlaba hO ik [sa bahsa mao laoinana nao yah tk- nahI idyaa ik
caUMik bauja-uAa vaga- sa<aanaSaIna hao gayaa hO At: baujau-Aa janavaadI k`aint
ka samaya baIt gayaa hO AaOr hma samaajavaadI k`aint ko carNa mao p`vaoSa
kr gayao hO. [sako badlao ]nhaonao yah kha ik Aba bauja-uAa janavaadI
k`aint ko dayaro mao hI baujau- Aa kaya-Baarao kao AMjaama nahI idyaa jaa
sakta. [nho krnao ko ilae Aagao jaanaa haogaa. yahaM savaala bauja-uAa
k`aint kao baaiQat krnao vaalao sa<tanaSaIna bauja-uAa vaga- kao kovala
]KaaD foknao ka nahI qaa bailk bauja-uAa k`aint ko saImaa sao BaI Aagao
jaanao ka qaa.poja 16
laoinana ko ivacaarao kao ivakRt krnao ka [sasao AcCa trIka AaOr @yaa
hao sakta hO. janavaadI k`aint ko baad sava-hara k`aint mao hmaoSaa
sa<tanaSaIna bauja-uAa vaga- kao kovala ]KaaD foknao ka nahI haota bailk bauja- uAa
k`aint kI saImaa sao BaI Aagao jaanao ka haota hO.
Baart mao k`aint ko maMijala ko savaala pr bahsa ko daOrana yah p`Sna
A@sar AaD,o Aa jaata hO ik @yaa vaujau- Aa vaga- ko sa<aa mao Aa jaanao sao AaOr
saMvaOQaainak rajya kI sqaapnaa Bar hao jaanao sao yaa rajya ka cair~a maUlat:
pUjaMIvaadI hao jaanao sao hI janavaadI k`aint ko maMijala kao samaaPt maana ilayaa
jaayao ? @yaa Aqa-vyavasqaa mao saamantI AvaSaoYaaoM kao pUNa- $p sao hTayao ibanaa,
jamaIna ko baD,o TukD,o kao garIba iksaanaaoM mao baaTo ibanaa AaOr kRiYa mao pUNa-

pUMjaIvaadI ivakasa ikyao ibanaa yaa Agar hma qaaoD,o mao kho tao Aqa-vyavasqaa mao
pUranao saamantI ]%padna pwit ko xao~a mao bacao pUMjaIvaadI pirva<a- na ko kayaBaar kao pUra ikyao ibanaa k`aint ka maMijala samaajavaadI hao sakta hO ?
AaiKr kba maanaa jaa sakta hO ik janavaadI k`aint pUNa- hao gayaI ; janavaadI
k`aint kI pUNa- ta ka @yaa matlaba haota hO ? laoinana janavaadI k`aint kI
pUNa-ta pr cacaa- krto hue khto hO :
saamaanya taOr sao [sa Sabd kI vyaa#yaa dao Aqaao- mao hao saktI
hO. yaid ivastRt Aqa- mao lao tao [saka Aqa- bauja-uAa k`aint ko vastugat
eoithaisak kaya-Baar pUra haonao sao hO ; [sakI pUNa- ta yaaina ik vaujau -Aa
k`aint kao pOda krnao vaalao BaaOitk AaQaar kI samaaiPt sao hO, bauja-uAa
k`aint ko saBaI GaTnaa cak` kI samaaPtI sao hO. ]dahrNa ko ilae [sa
Aqa- mao baujau-Aa k`aint f`ansa mao kovala 1871 mao hI pUNa- hao sakI qaI
(halaa ik [saka AarmBa 1789 mao huAa qaa). laoikna yah Sabd Agar
saMkiu cat Aqa- mao ilayaa jaayao tao [saka matlaba k`aint sao , iksaI ek
baujau-Aa k`aint sao , Agar Aap psand kro tao ]sakI ek lahr sao hO jaao
pUranao Saasana p`NaalaI kao ihlaa dota hO laoikna vah ]sao pUrI trh
caknaacaUr nahI krta ]sa AaQaar kao nahI imaTata jaao ifr Aagao baujauAa k`aint pOda krta hO. [sa Aqa- mao jama-naI mao 1848 kI k`aint
1850 mao yaa pcaasa ko dSak mao pUNa- hu[- qaI. 1789 mao f`ansa kI
k`aint, yaid kha jaayao tao 1794 mao pUNa- hu [- qaI, halaa ik ibanaa ]sa
AaQaar kao K%ma ikyao ibanaa ijasanao 1830 AaOr 1848 mao k`aintyaaoM kao
janma idyaa. Lenin C.W. Vol. XVI, Page 202-203
yahaM ek baat ibalkula saaf hO ik janavaadI k`aint kI pUNa-ta kao
inaQaa-irt krnao vaalao t%va Aqa-vyavasqaa mao saamantI AvaSaoYa, jamaIna ko baD,o
TukD,o ka garIba iksaanaaoM mao ivatrNa, kRiYa mao pUNa- pUMjaIvaadI ivakasa ka
AaBaava yaa Aqa-vyavasqaa mao ]%padna pwit ko xao~a mao bacao bauja-uAa janavaadI
k`aint ko kaya-Baar nahI bailk pUranaI Sasana p`NaalaI,(Regime) rajya
sa%ta ka cair~a hO jaao nayaI bauja-uAa ]%padna pwit sao Tkrata hO. janavaadI
k`aint ivastRt Aqa- mao pUNa- hu[- yaa nahI yah [sa pr inaBa-r krta hO ik
k`aint ko baujau-Aa lahr nao pUranaI Sasana p`NaalaI(Regime) kao pUrI trh
caknaacaur ikyaa hO yaa nahI. maa@sa- eMgaolsa AaOr laoinana nao baujau- Aa k`aint
kI pUNa-ta kao hmaoSaa [saI Aqa- mao ilayaa hO.laoikna @yaa pUranaI Sasana

p`NaalaI,(Regime) kao k`aint Wara caknaacaur kr ko hI badlaa jaa sakta

hO ? @yaa k`imak ivakasa (evolution) ko maaQyama sao pUranaI Sasana
p`NaalaI(Regime) AaOr rajya ko cair~a nahI badlato ? jama-naI ko baaro mao
eMgaolsa ko 1847 sao lao kr 1875 tk ilaKo laoKaoM mao yah baat ibalkula
spYT $p sao ina$ipt kI gayaI hO ik k`imak ivakasa (evolution) ko
maaQyama sao BaI pUranaI Saasana p`NaalaI,(Regime) AaOr rajya ko cair~a
badlato hO. AaOr AiQak spYTta ko ilaeo hma yahaM eMgaolsa Wara ilaiKt
jama-naI mao iksaana yauw kI BaUimaka kI cacaa- krnaa caahogaoM.
eMgaolsa nao jama-naI mao iksaana yauw kI BaUimaka ko WtIya saMskrNa
ko ilae frvarI 1870 mao BaUimaka ilaKI. 1 jaulaa[- 1874 kao eMgaolsa nao
tIsaro saMskrNa ko ilae BaUimaka ka pUrk dUsara Baaga ilaKa jaao 1875 mao
ilapijaga mao p`kaiSat huAa. ]samao ]nhaonao kha:
rajyatn~a jaao ik 1840 sao jaINa- SaINa- hao rha qaa, ko Aist%va
ka mau#ya Sa<a- AiBajaat vaga- AaOr vaujau-vaa vaga- ko baIca saMGaYa- mao
rajyatn~a ka dbadbaa qaa.jaba AiBajaat vaga- kao baujau-Aa vaga- ko
Aak`maNa sao rxaa kI ja$rt nahI rhI AaOr sava-hara vaga- ko Aak`maNa
sao saBaI sampi<aQaarI vagaao- kI rxaa AavaSyak hao gayaa tao pUranao
rajyatn~a kao [saI ]doSya sao banao rajya ka sva$p ga`hNa krnaa pD,a :
baaonaapaiT-sT rajyatn~a. p`iSayaa ka baaonaapaiT-jma mao yah saMk`maNa
ijasakI cacaa- maOnao phlao khIM Anya~a kI hO (Aavaasa samasyaa , Baaga
2 , poja 20) AaOr vaMha ijasa caIja pr maOnao jaaor nahI idyaa qaa laoikna
yahaM ijasakI cacaa- krnaa AitAavaSyak hO vah yah hO ik jahaM tk
p`iSayaa AaQauinak ivakasa mao pICo qaa , yah saMk`maNa p`iSayaa mao 1848 ko
baad ek mahana p`gait qaI. inaScaya hI vah ABaI tk ek Aqa-saamantI
rajya qaa jabaik baaonaapaiT-jma iksaI BaI maayanao mao ek AaQauinak rajya
ka $p hO ijasakI AavaSyakta saamantvaad kI samaaPtI haotI hO.[sa
ilae p`iSayaa kao saamantvaad ko Apnao naanaa p`kar ko AvaSaoYaaoM sao
CuTkara panao kI Sau$Aat krnaI hO , jaMkrvaad ka %yaaga krnaa hO.
(F. Engles: The Peasant War in Germany, Page-17)
eMgaolsa yahaM bahut hI spYTta sao yh idKato hO ik k`imak ivakasa
(evolution) ko Wara jama-naI mao pUranao Saasana p`NaalaI,(Regime) AaOr
rajya ko cair~a kOsao pUranao Aqa-saamantI rajya sao AaQauinak rajya mao badla
gayaa. tao @yaa jama-naI mao pUranao Saasana p`NaalaI,(Regime) AaOr rajya ko

10

cair~a mao [sa badlaava sao k`aint ka janavaadI maMijala pUNa- $p sao samaaPt hao
gayaa AaOr vahaM k`aint ka maMijala samaajavaadI hao gayaa ? [sa mah%vapUNapirva<a-na sao laoinana inamna inaYkYa- inakalato hO :
hmaara yauga , 1905 - ?, k`aintkarI AaOr p`itk`aintkarI
rastao (yaaina ik p`iSayana AaOr AmaIrIkI rasta) ko baIca saMGaYa- ka
yauga hO jaOsaa ik 1848 - 71 mao jama-na ekIkrNa ko dao rastao (jama-naI
mao bauja-uAa ivakasa ko raYTIya samasyaa ka samaaQaana ka) , mahana jama-na
gaNatn~a ka rasta AaOr p`iSayana rajatn~a ko rasta - ko baIca
ka`intkarI tqaa p`itk`aintkarI saMGaYaao- ka yauga qaa. 1871 mao hI dUsara
rasta pUrI trh ivajayaI huAa (yaainaik jaMha maora Aqa- pUNa-ta sao hO ).
tBaI jaa kr jama-naI mao ek Aama janavaadI k`aint ka p`Sna kalaaitt
hao gayaa AaOr nyaumanna DoivaD evM kmpnaI 90 ko dSak mao baIsa saala baad
]sakI LaSa ijanda krnaa Sau$ ikyaa. Lenin C.W. Vol. XVI,
page - 121
[sa trh jama-naI mao pUranao Saasana p`NaalaI,(Regime) AaOr rajya ko
cair~a mao [sa badlaava ko saaqa hI janavaadI k`aint Apnao ivastarIt Aqa- mao
pUNa- hao gayaI AaOr vah ek kalaaitt caIja bana gayaI AaOr k`aint ka maMijala
janavaadI sao samaajavaadI hao gayaa , halaaik jama-naI mao ABaI BaI saamantvaad ko
naanaa p`kar ko AvaSaoYaaoM sao CuTkara panaa baakI qaa , Aqa-vyavasqaa mao
saamantI AvaSaoYaaoM kao pUNa- $p nahI hTayaa gayaa qaa , jamaIna ko baD,o baDo, TukD,o
kao garIba iksaanaaoM mao nahI baMaTa gayaa qaa , kRiYa mao pUNa- pUMjaIvaadI ivakasa nahI
ikyaa jaa saka qaa AaOr Aqa-vyavasqaa mao pUva- ]%padna pwit ko xao~a mao bacao
kaya-Baar kao pUra nahI ikyaa gayaa qaa.
hmaaro laala salaama ko saaqaI ek trf yah maanato hO ik $sa mao
frvarI 1917 mao jaarSaahI samaaPt hu[- AaOr majadUraoM-saOinakao kI saaoivayataoM
iksaana saaoivayataoM ko saaqa kI sa<aa ko $p mao majadUraoM iksaanaaoM ka
k`aintkarI janavaadI AiQanaayak%va kayama huAa Aqa-at pUranaI jaarSaahI
Saasana p`NaalaI imaTa dI ga[- pr rajakIya sa<aa bauja-uAa vaga- ko haqa mao
calaI ga[- Aqaa-t baujaU-Aa vaga- sa%ta mao Aa gayaa tao BaI vao yah khto hO ik
gaaOrtlaba hO ik [sa bahsa mao laoinana nao yah tk- nahI idyaa ik caUMik bauja- uAa
vaga- sa<aanaSaIna hao gayaa hO At: baujau-Aa janavaadI k`aint ka samaya baIt gayaa

11

hO AaOr hma samaajavaadI k`aint ko carNa mao p`vaoSa kr gayao hO. @yaa yah
khIM sao BaI laoinanavaadI isawant sao maola Kata hO ?

II
bauja-uAa janavaadI k`aint AaOr sava-hara k`aint ko Ant-sambanQa ko
savaala pr maa@sa- eMgaMolsa ko ivacaaraoM kao jaao ik 1847 sao 1856 tk ko laoK
ko Aqyayana pr AaQaairt hO, saar $p mao laala salaama nao [na pi>yaaoM mao
p`stut ikyaa hO :
bauja-uAa janavaadI k`aint va sava-hara k`aint ko Amt-sambanQa ko
maamalao mao maa@sa- va egaMolsa nao dao iBanna rNanaIit Ai#tyaar kI. Pahlao
tao ]nhaoMnao yah maanaa ik baujau-Aa vaga- janavaadI k`aint kr sa%tanaSaIna
haogaa AaOr sava-hara vaga- ]sako iKlaaf saMGaYa- Sau$ krogaa jaao lambao
samaya baad sava-hara Wara sa%ta pr kbjao tk phMcaogaa. Kud baujau -Aa
janavaadI k`aint mao sava-hara vaga- bauja-uAa vaga- kI madd kroga. baad mao
jaba k`a int Sau$ hao gayaI bauja-uvaa vaga- nao k`aint ko saaqa gad,darI ka
pircaya idyaa tao maa@sa- egaMolsa nao yah naIit Apnaa[- ik sava-hara vagaWara sa%ta pr kbjaa Aasanna hO tqaa vah inamna pUMjaIpit vaga- Wara
Sau$ kI jaanao vaalaI k`aint kao Aagao baZakr ]sao sava-hara k`aint tk
pMhucaa dogaa. laala salaama AkM 4 vaYa- 2001 poja 10
hma Aagao Apnao ivaSlaoYaNa mao yah doKoM gaoM ik laala salaama ko yao
ivacaar iktnaa galat hO.
1847 ka jama-na samaaja ek eosaa saamantI samaaja qaa ijasako gaBa- mao
pUMjaIvaadI ]%padna pwit ivakisat evaM pirp@va hao rha qaa. PUMajaIvaadI ivakasa
ko rasto mao sabasao baD,I baaQaa jama-naI ka saamantI rajya eva saamantI
AiQarcanaa qaI. AaOr [sa ilayao 1848 mao k`aint ka mau#ya kaya-Baar saamantI
rajya AaOr saamantI AiQarcanaa kao naYT kr pUMjaIvaadI rajya evaM PUMajaIvaadI
AiQarcanaa kI sqaapnaa hI hao saktI qaI. maa@sa- va egaMolsa nao svaBaaivak
taOr pr rajya sa%ta ko cair~a kao AaOr saamantI AiQarcanaa kao Qyaana mao
rKto hue k`aint kI maMijala janavaadI rKa AaOr mau#ya kaya-Baar inarMkuSa
saamantI Saasana ka Ka%maa AaOr pUMjaIvaadI janavaad kI sqaapnaa inaQaa-irt
ikyaa.maaca- 1850 mao pUMjaIpit vaga- kI gad,darI ko calato AaOr pUMjaIpit vagaWara puna: sa%ta saamantI vaga- kao saaOMp idyao jaanao ko calato pUMjaIvaadI janavaad,
pMujaIvaadI rajya kI sqaapnaa na hao sakI. Laoikna maa@sa- va egaMolsa nao k`aint

12

kI maMijala mao AaOr ]sako Anau$p rNakaOSala (Strategy) mao tba tk kao[
pirvat-na nahI ikyaa jabatk jama-na rajya ka cair~a saamantI sao pUMjaIvaadI na
hao gayaa AaOr pUMjaIvaadI ivakasa ko ilea AavaSyak Sa<a- pUra na hao gayaa.
Pairisqait ko Anausaar Saasak vaga- ko saaqa Anya vagaao- ko badlao sambanQa ko
AaQaar pr kaya-naIit (Tactics) mao pirvat-na AavaSya kI. Laoikna 1847 mao
maa@sa- va egaMolsa jama-naI kI cacaa- krto samaya bahut hI spYTta sao yah
ina$ipt krto hO ik k`aint ko maMijala mao pirvat-na iksa pirisqait mao haogaa
AaOr ijasao laala salaama nao BaI ]QaRt ikyaa hO , halaaik ]nhaonao ]saka ek
dUsara hI Aqa- inakalaa hO. 1847 mao egaMolsa nao kmyauinajma ko isawant
mao yah ilaKa :
AaiKr mao jama-naI Aata hO, jahaM pUMjaIpit vaga- tqaa rajatn~a ko
baIca inaNa-ayak saMGaYa- Aba BaI bahut dUr hO.prntu kmyuinYT cUMik pUMjaIpit
vaga- Wara sa<aaQaarNa krnao ko baad hI ]sako iva$w inaNa-ayak saMGaYakrnao ko Baraosao nahI baOzo rh sakto , [sa ilae yah kamyauinaYTaoM ko iht
mao hO ik vao pUMjaIpit vaga- kao sa<aa SaIGa`taSaIGa` haisala krnao mao madd
do taik ]sao ijatnaI jaldI saMBava hao, ]lTa jaa sako. At: kmyauinaYTao
kao hmaoSaa sarkaraoM ko iKlaaf ]darpMqaI puMjaIpityaaoM ka saaqa donaa
caaihe prntu [sa baaro mao satk- rhnaa caaihe ik vao pUMjaIpit vaga- kI hI
trh Aa%ma-vaMcanaa ko iSakar na banao Aqavaa pMUjaIpit vaga- kI mana kao
lauBaanao vaalaI [na GaaoYaNaa pr ivaSvaasa na krnao lagao ik ]sako ivajaya sao
sava-hara ko ilae laaBadayaI fla inaklao gaoM. pUMjaIpit vaga- kI ivajaya sao
sava-hara kao maa~a yao laaBa hO : 1. ivaiBanna iryaayatoM jaao kmyauinaYTao kao
ApnaI isawantao kI rxaa ]na pr ivacaar ivamaSa- tqaa ]nako p`saar kao
AiQak saugama banaayaoMgaI tqaa [sa p`kar sava-hara ka ek zaosa saMGaYaSaIla tqaa sausaMgaizt vaga- mao ekIkrNa ikyaa jaa sakogaa AaOr 2. yah
p@ka hao jaaegaa ik ijasa idna inarMkuSa sarkarao ka t#ta ]laT
idyaa jaaega ]sa idna sao pUMjaIpit AaOr sava-haaraAaoM ko baIca saMGaYa- kI
baarI Aa jaayaogaI. ]sa idna ko ]praMt kmyauinYTaoM kI paTI- kI naIit
vahI haogaI jaao [na ]na doSaaoM mao hO jahaM pUMjaIpit vaga- ABaI Saasana kr
rha hO. (f`oDirk eMgaolsa, kmyauinajma ko isawant tIna KDIya ihndI
saMskrNa, p`gait p`kaSana, maaskao, 1978 KND -1 Baaga - 1 pRYT 115
116)

13

yahaM ek baat ibalkula saaf hO AaOr ijasao hmaaro laala salaama ko

saaqaI nahI doK pato yaa doKnaa nahI caahto ik ijasa idna inarMkuSa sarkaraoM
ka t#ta ]laT idyaa jaayaogaa ]sa idna sao pUMjaIpityaaoM AaOr sava- haraAaoM ko
baaIca saMGaYa- kI baarI Aa jaayagaI AaOr ]sa idna sao kmyauinaYTaoM kI paTI kI
naIit vahI haogaI jaao [na ]na doSaaoM mao hO jahaM pUMjaIpit vaga- ABaI Saasana kr
rha hO. ]na doSaaoM mao jahaM pUMjaIpit vaga- Saasana kr rha qaa ]samao kmyauinaYTaoM
kI paTI kI naIit @yaa pUMjaIpit vaga- kao rajya sa<aa sao hTa kr sava-hara kI
tanaaSaahI sqaaipt krnao kI nahI qaI ? ]na doSaao mao @yaa k`aint kI maMijala
samaajavaadI ka`int nahI qaI ? laala salaama ko saaqaI yah baotuka inaYkYainakalato hO ik pUMjaIpit vaga- ko sa<aa mao Aanao ko baad pUMjaIpit vaga- AaOr savahara ko baIca dIGa-kailak saMGaYa- Sau$ haogaa ijasakI Aintma pirNait sava-hara
ko sa<aa pr kbjaa krnao mao haogaI. laoikna pMMUjaIpit vaga- ko sa<aa mao Aanao ko
turnt baad k`aint kI maMijala @yaa haogaI [sako baaro mao vao caup rhto hO.
[tnaa nahI vao yah baotuka inaYkYa- inakalato hO ik pUMjaIpit vaga- Wara sa<aa
pr kbjaa krnao ko baad turnt sava-hara vaga- ko Wara sa<aa pr kbjaa krnao
kI baat nahI khI gayaI hO. hma laala salaama ko saaiqayaaoM sao pUCnaa caahto hO
ik pUMjaIpit vaga- Wara sa<aa kbjaa krnao ko baad sava-hara vaga- Wara turnt
sa<aa haisala krnao sao yahaM inaYaoQa ikyaa gayaa hO @yaa ? jaba eMgaolsa khto
hO ik kmyauinaYTao ka iht [sa baat mao hO ik vao pUMjaIpit vaga- kaoo sa<aa
SaIGa`taSaIGa` haisala krnao mao madd do taik ]sao yaaina pUMjaIpit vaga- kao
ijatnaI jaldI saMBava hao, ]lTa jaa sako tao [saka @yaa Aqa- haota hO? @yaa
[samao yah naIiht hO ik pUMjaIpit vaga- Wara sa<aa pr kbjaa krnao ko baad
sava-hara vaga- kao turnt sa<aa pr kbjaa krnao kI kaoiSasa nahI krnaI
caaihe; ]sao dIGa-kailak saMGaYa- ko ]prant hI sa<aa haisala krnaI caaihe?
hma laala salaama ko saaiqayaaoM sao AnauraoQa krnaa caahto ho ik vao ek baar
ifr Apnao inanna pi>yaaoM pr gaaOr kro ik @yaa vao eMgaolsa ko ivacaaraoM sao maola
Kato hO:
yahaM kuC caIjao ek dma saaf hO. pMUjaIpit vaga- Wara sa<aa pr
kbjaa ABaI BaI bahut dUr batayaa gayaa hO. [samao sava- hara naIit yah inadoiSat kI gayaI hO ik sava-hara pUMjaIpit kao [sa kaya- mao madd do.
yaaina Kud sava-hara sa<aanaSaIna haonao ka p`yaasa na kro [sako baad jaa
kr hI pUMjaIpit vaga- AaOr sava-hara ko baIca vah saMGaYa- dIGa- kailak
saMGaYa- Sau$ haogaa ijasakI AMitma pirNait sava- hara ko sa<aa pr kbjaa
krnao mao haogaI. yahaM yah dRYTbya hO ik pUMjaIpit vaga- Wara sa<aa pr

14

kbjaa krnao ko turnt baad sava-hara Wara sa<aa pr kbjaa krnao kI

baat yahaM nahI kI gayaI hO. laala salaama AkM 4 vaYa- 2001 poja 7
1847 mao jama-naI ko baaro mao kI gayaI iTPpNaI mao eMgaolsa ko saamanao
yah p`Sna nahI qaa ik pUMjaIpit vaga- ko sa<aa mao Aanao ko baad sava-hara vagaiktnaI jaldI pUMjaIpit vaga- sao sa<aa haisala kr sakogaa. [sa ilae vao khto
hO ik ijatnaI jaldI saMBava hao pUMjaIpit vaga- sao sava-hara sa<aa haisala
krogaa.yahaM vao isaf- [sa baat pr jaaor do rho haoto hO ik pUjaIpit vaga- ko
sa<aa mao Aanao ko baad hI AaOr saaqa saaqa ]saI idna sao mau#ya saMGaYa- saamantI
vaga- AaOr pUMjaIpit vaga- ko baIca na rh kr pUMjaIpit vaga- AaOr sava-hara ko baaIca
hao jaaya gaa.Aqa-at k`aint ka maMijala janavaadI na rh kr samaajavaadI hao
jaayagaa. laoikna janavarI 1848 mao vao [sa p`Sna pr ivacaar krto hO ik @yaa
jama-naI mao pUMjaIvaadI k`aint haonao ko turnt baad sava-hara k`aint hao saktI hO.
vao khto hO :
jama-naI kI Aaor kmyauinaYT Kasa taOr sao [saile Qyaana doto hO
ik vah doSa eosaI pUMjaIvaadI k`aint ko War pr KD,a hO jaao Ainavaaya-t:
yaUraopIya saByata kI AiQakaiQak ]nnat AvasqaaAao maoM [MgalaOND kI 17vaIMM
SatabdI AaOr f`Masa kI 18vaIM SatabdI ko maukabalao ek AiQak ]nnat
sava-hara kao lao kr haogaI AaOr [saIilae ik jama-naI kI yah pUMjaIvaadI
k`aint ]sako baad turnt hI haonao vaalaI sava-hara k`aint kI ]pk`maiNaka
haogaI. (kala- maa@sa- , f`oDirk eMgaolsa kmyauinaYT paTI- ka GaaoYaNaa
p~a poja 167 )
jama-naI mao pUMjaIvaadI k`aint ka AarmBa maaca- 1848 mao huAa qaa
ijasamao pUMjaIpit vaga- kI gad,darI BarI BaUimaka maa@sa- eMgaolsa ko saamanao
AayaI qaI. laoikna maa@sa- eMgaolsa janavarI 1848 mao hI [sa p`Sna pr ivacaar
kr rho hO ik @yaa jama-naI mao pUMjaIvaadI k`aint ]sako baad turnt hI haonao
vaalaI sava-hara k`aint kI ]pk`maiNaka haogaI. ]nnat sava-hara sao yahaM matlaba
jama-na sava-hara ka ek svatn~a vaga- ko $p mao jama-naI ko rajanIitk pTla
pr Aanaa AaOr ]saka ek Alaga paTI- ko $p mao rajanaIit mao hstxaop sao hO
jaao ik [MgalaOND kI 17vaIM SatabdI AaOr f`Masa kI 18vaIM SatabdI ko sava-hara
vaga- ko saaqa nahI laagaU haota hO. jama-naI mao svatn~a majadUr Aandaolana
rajanaOitk $p sao jyaada ivakisat qaa AaOr jaOsaa ik eMgaolsa nao (baad mao
baujauAa vaga- ko gad\darI BarI BaUimaka ko karNa janavaadI k`aint ivafla hao
jaanao ko baad) 1852 mao Apnao laoK kalaaona mao hala ka maukdmaa mao ilaKa

15

hO, sava-hara vaga- Apnaa rajanaOitk p`Bau%va ka davaa BaI poSa ikyaa qaa.na tao
1848 ko phlao , na hI 1848-50 ko daOrana AaOr k`aint ivafla haonao ko baad
maa@sa- eMgaolsa nao jaba yah inaYkYa- inakalaa ik jama-naI kI yah pUMjaIvaadI
k`aint ]sako turnt baad haonao vaalaI sava-hara k`aint kI ]pk`maiNaka haogaI
yaa jaba ]nhaoMnao kha ik k`aint kao sqaa[- banaayaa jaayao tao [sako pICo
maU#ya karNa f`ansa AaOr [MgalaOND mao yaa jama-naI mao pUMjaIpit vaga- kI gad\darI
BarI BaUimaka qaI bailk sava-hara vaga- kI Kud kI tOyaarI ka Aaklana ]saka
ek svatn~a rajanaOitk Sai> ko $p mao rajanaOitk pTla pr ApnaI
davaodarI poSa krnaa qaa.
Agar hma laala salaama ko saaiqayaao ko jama-naI mao pUMjaIvaad ko
ivakasa ko baaro mao Aaklana kao sahI maanao ijasako Anausaar jama-naI mao
pUMjaIvaadI ivakasa ABaI ABaI Sau$ huAa qaa tao [sasao yahI saaibat haota hO ik
]sa doSa mao BaI ijasamao pUMjaIvaadI ivakasa ABaIABaI Sau$ huAa hO janavaadI
k`aint ko turnt baad sava-hara k`aint hao saktI hO.janavaadI k`aint ko turnt
baad sava-hara k`aint haogaI ik nahI yah [sasao nahI inaQaa-irt haota ik ]sa
doSa mao pMUjaIvaadI ivakasa ka str @yaa hO. bailk vah, jaOsaa ik laoinana nao
kha hO, kovala sava-hara vaga- kI tOyaarI kI maa~aa AaOr garIba iksaanaao ko
saaqa ]sakI ekta kI maa~aa pr inaBa-r krta hO.laoinana khto hO :
zIk vahI huAa jaao hmanao kha qaa. k`aint ko ivakasa nao hmaaro
tk- ko sahI haonao kI puiYT kr dI. Sau$ mao opUro iksaana samaudaya ko
saaqa rajatn~a ko iva$w maQyauiganata ko iva$w AaOr ]sa hd tk
k`aint bauja-uAa bauja-uAa k`aint banaI rhtI hO. ifr garIba iksaanaao ko
saaqa Aqa- sava-haraAaoM ko saaqa saaro SaaoiYataoM ko saaqa dohat ko AmaIraoM
kulakaoM maunaafaKaoraoM samaot pUMjaIvaad ko iva$w AaOr ]sa hd tk k`aint
samaajavaadI bana jaatI hO. phlaI AaOr dUsarI k`aintyaaoM ko baIca kao[kRitma caInaI dIvaala KD,I krnao sava-hara vaga- kI tOyaarI kI maa~aa AaOr
garIba iksaanaao ko saaqa ]sakI ekta kI maa~aa ko Alaavaa iksaI AaOr
caIja sao ]nhoM ek dUsaro sao Alaga krnao ka p`ya%na krnaa maa@sa-vaad
ka Bayaanak ivakRitkrNa krnaa ]sao baajaa$ banaanaa ]sako sqaana pr
]dartavaad kao p`sqaaipt krnaa hO. laoinana sava-hara k`aint AaOr
gad\dar ka]%sakI saMklaIt rcanaaeM dsa KND KND 8 poja 168

16

laala salaama ko saaiqayaaoM sao hma AnauraoQa krnaa caahogaoM ik laoinana

kI ]> p`sqaapnaa @yaa $sa ko baaro mao AapkI p`sqaapnaa sao maola KatI hO
jaba Aap khto hO :
$sa mao janavaadI k`aint ko turnt baad samaajavaadI k`aint
[sailae hao sakI ik saamantI AvaSaoYaaoM ko baavajaud $saI pUMjaIvaad vahaM
saapoxat: kafI ivakisat qaa. (vaMhI poja 16)
AaOr BaI doKoM :
baad mao jaba k`ait Sau$ hao gayaI bauja-uvaa vaga- nao k`aint ko saaqa
gad,darI ka pircaya idyaa tao maa@sa- egaMolsa nao yah naIit Apnaa[- ik
sava-hara vaga- Wara sa%ta pr kbjaa Aasanna hO tqaa vah inamna pUMjaIpit
vaga- Wara Sau$ kI jaanao vaalaI k`aint kao Aagao baZakr ]sao sava-hara
k`aint tk pMhucaa dogaa. laala salaama AkM 4 vaYa- 2001 poja 10
yahaM ek baat AaOr BaI saaf kr donaa ja$rI hO ik janavaadI k`aint
ko turnt baad sava-hara k`aint haonao kI saMBaavanaa (jaao ik kovala AaOr kovala
sava-hara vaga- kI tOyaarI kI maa~aa AaOr garIba iksaanaao ko saaqa ]sakI ekta
kI maa~aa pr inaBa-r krta hO, ) AaOr janavaadI k`aint ko baad k`aint ko
maMijala ka sava- hara k`aint ko maMijala mao p`vaoSa krnaa daonaao ek caIja nahI
hO , daonaao mao fk- hO. janavaadI k`aint ko baad sava-hara k`aint ko maMijala mao
p`vaoSa krnao pr BaI turnt k`aint haogaI yaa nahI yah sava-hara vaga- kI tOyaarI
kI maa~aa AaOr garIba iksaanaao ko saaqa ]sakI ekta kI maa~aa pr yaaina
badlaI hu[- isqait ko Anau$p vagaao- kI nayaI laamabandI pr inaBa-r krta
hO.prntu Agar turnt sava-hara k`aint haonao kI saMBaavanaa nahI hO tao BaI
[sasao k`aint ko maMijala mao kao[ fk- nahI pD,ta.
k\maSa: