Vol: 6,, No..

(1) JULY, 2009

twG(J 6)/trSw(f 1) Zlvdkifv 2009
Sd f tefeft,fvf'D tygt0if EdkifiHa&;ygwDawGeJ@ befuDrGef; awG@rnf
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m Zm fao o kdif;q
t m en dkif;- o
r D a&mufwt hJ cg trsK;d om;'Dru dk a&pD tzG@J csKyf (NLD) A[dtk vkyt
f r_aqmif tzG@J 0ifawG
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mZ fv m ifv
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f d ra&&mao;ygb;l ?
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reufyikd ;f rSm jrefrmEkid if u
H kd a&mufawmhrmS jzpfygw,f? ole@J awG@qzkH @kd twGuf ta=umif;
(zwfp&mrSwfp&muAsmrsm;) pm 3-4 =um;xm;w,f qdkwmudk trsKd;om;'Drkdua&pDtzGJ@csKyf (NLD) ajyma&;qkdcGihf&dSol
OD;Om%f0if;u ADt G akd tudk ajymygw,f? “rpPwmbefurD eG ;f u NLD pDt;D pDe@J awG@ r,fv@dk
tarh & J @ arG ; ae@rS m æ ta=umif;=um;pm &ygw,f? usaemfw@dk bufuvnf; awG@rmS yg? awG@wt hJ cg bmaw
bmvd k c sif v d k @ vJ / bm&ES d k i f r S m vJ æ aqG;aEG;r,f qkw d meJ@ ywfouf&if usaemfw@dk rodygb;l ? 'g pDt;D pDyJ pOf;pm;qk;H jzwfwm?
tcsed ef @J ae&m rod&ao;ygb;l ?” awG@qrkH ,ft h xJrmS NLD tjyif wjcm;Edik if aH &;ygwD
rauseyf b l ; vG w f v yf c G i f h y d k a y;yg 9 ckvnf; ygygw,f? tJ'DxJrSmyg0ifwJh ygwDwckuawmh wpn-vdk@ ac:ae@uwJh
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rS e f w J h æ
a&$@ajymif;tvkyform;qdkif&m- pm 5-8 xdkif;edkifiHa&muf jrefrmvkyfom;rsm; tcGifhta&;csKd;azmufcHae&
(Zlvikd v f 2&uf- RFA)
jref rma&$ h ajymif ; - od apa=umif ;
xdkif;edkifiHudk a&mufae=uwJh a&$@ajymif;tvkyform;awGrSm tvkyform;
vlxu
k se;f rma&;- pm 9 tcGifhta&;eJ@ &ydkifcGifhawG csdK;azmufcHae&wm &Sda=umif;? Oya'qdkwm&SdayrJh Oya'
twdik ;f wdwu d susvu kd ef m aqmif&u G =f uzd@k vw
kd ,fv@kd jynfaxmifpk jrefrmedik if H trsK;d
urB m h vl w k y f a uG ; uyf a &m*gES i f h om;n$e@f aygi;f tpd;k &(NCUGB)&Jh tvkyo f rm;0ef}uD; OD;cGejf rifx h eG ;f u befaumuf+rdK@
ywf o uf a om od a umif ; p&m rSm Zlvikd f 2&uf 'Duae@ ajymqdv k u kd yf gw,f? xdik ;f edik if H qdyuf rf;wckwiG f jrefrma&$@
aqmif;yg;- pm 12 ajymif;tvkyo f rm;rsm; tvkyv f yk af eyHk jzpfygonf? “tvky&f iS af wGuvJyJ tvkyo f
rm;&Jw
h efz;kd udk em;vnfz@kd vdt k yfovdk oufqikd &f m a'ocHtm%mydik af wG tay:rSm
“Ad k v f a e0if ; ” ppf t pd k ; &vuf x uf vnf; trsm;}uD;rlwnfw,f? Oya'awGukd jyXmef;owfrw S x
f m;ayrJh tJ'OD ya'awGukd
edkifiHwumowif;- pm14-19 taumiftxnfazmf aqmif&u G rf _ tm;enf;&if &rSmr[kwb f ;l ? 'ga=umifrh @kd vkd a'ocH
abmvHk;[morsm;- pm 20 tm%mydik af wGua&m tvky&f iS af wGua&m Oya'ygtwdik ;f aqmif&u G af y;zd@k vdt
k yf
umwGe;f - pm 20 w,f?” pmrsuf E S m (19)od k @ æ

ESTABLISHED SINCE AUGUST, 2005

jref r mjynf o m;pmapmif (JACBA) Zl v d k i f v 2009

" The Thought

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& Š
Writting Of Editor
tar&duefvGwfvyfa&;ae@/ Zlvdkif 7&uf ta&;awmfyHkae@/
jyifopfawmfvSefa&;ae@/ tmZmenfae@ESifh
jynfolvlxk
“Zlvdkifv” onf tm&Swdkufjynfolvlxktzdk@ rdk;&moDumvjzpfonf? jrefrmESifh urBmhjynfolvlxktwGufrl TZlvdkifv
wGifyif awmfvSefaomae@pGJ tcsKd@ESifh &ifqdkifjzwfoef;cJh&bl;avonf/
“Zlvdkifv 4-&uf” ae@onf tar&duefjynfaxmifpk. vGwfvyfa&;ae@jzpfonf? 1776-ckeSpf Zlvdkifv 4-&ufae@wGif
xdkpOf t*FvdyfudkvdkeDvufatmufrS tar&duefom;wdk@u &J0HhajymifajrmufpGm vGwfvyfa&;ausnmpmwrf;udk xkwfjyefcJhaomae@
vnf;jzpfonf? xdpk Ofumvu urBm}uD;. aer0iftifyg,m ocif[I l wifpm;ac:a0:=uaom t*Fvyd w f @kd tm; t*Fvyd rf sK;d EG,pf rk sm;
yg0ifaom tar&duefwdk@u rdrdwdk@udk,fudk ol&Jaumif;tjzpfcH,lum urBmodxkwfjyef ausnmvdkufjcifjzpfonf? tar&duefjynf
axmifpk. vGwfvyfa&;}uD;onf ,cktcgESpfaygif; 233-ESpf=umcJh+yDjzpfaomfvnf; vGwfvyfa&; zcif}uD; a*smh0g&SifwefESifhwuG
edik if w
H umawmfveS af &; ol&aJ umif;(0g) oabmw&m;a&;&mrSL; aomrwfpyf ed ;f (c) wGryf ed ;f tygt0if tzdEydS cf w
H @kd bufrS ol&aJ umif;
udo k wd&p&m/ tav;jyKp&m jzpfygonf?
“Zlvikd vf 7-&ufae@onf (qJAif;*sLvdik )f [lI ordik ;f armfueG ;f a&;xd;k &aom jrefrmedik if aH usmif;om;v_y&f mS ;r_. aoG;pGe;f aom
ordkif;pmrsufESmwckjzpfonf? 1962-ckESpf rwfv 2-&ufae@rSpI ppftm%modrf;um tkyfpdk;cJhaom Adkvfae0if;ESifh ppftkyfpkudk
tmcHqef@usicf =hJ uonfh ausmif;om;cGyaf 'gi;f wd@k . armfueG ;f 0ifae@wpfae@vnf; jzpfonf? Zlvikd f 7-&ufausmif;om; ta&;awmfy}kH uD;
ESifhtwl Zlvdkifv 8-&ufae@ eHeufapmapmwGif ppftkyfpkrS azmufcGJzsufqD;ypfcJhaom (wuo-taqmufttHk)twGufrl
urBmwnfoa&G@ O'gef;ra=up&myif jzpfonf? xdk@a=umifhvnf; “or*~tkwfrsm; jyKdav&m- 'Drdkua&pDtkwfrsm;jzifh jyefvnfwnf
aqmufrnf” [lI a=uG;a=umfae=ujcif;jzpfonf?
“Zlvikd v
f 14-&uf”ae@onf urBmt h iftm;}uD; wpfeikd if jH zpfaom jyifopfjynftwGuf ta&;}uD;aom jyifopfeikd if EH pS yf wf
vnfae@(0g) awmfveS af &;ae@yifjzpfonf? 1789-ckEpS f Zlvikd vf 14-&ufae@wiG f (vGwv f yfjcif;/ nDr#jcif;/ csp=f unfjcif;)wnf;[laom
nDaemifaoG;pnf;a&; a=uG;a=umfoHrsm;jzifh jyifopfjynf AmpwD;tusOf;axmif}uD;udk rD;&d_@zsufqD;=uum jyifopfawmfvSefa&;udk
pwifc=hJ uaomae@vnf;jzpfonf? Ta=uG;a=umfoH oH;k &yfonfyifvsS if awmrwfpyf ed ;f (c) wGryf ed ;f rSonf &Jacgiaf ysmuf=um; csaD *G;Am;
&m;txd awmfveS af &;ol&aJ umif; tqufqufu vufqifu h rf;o,faqmifc=hJ uaom awmfveS af &;orm;wd@k twGuf a&S@ajy;oHEXdM mef
rsm;jzpfayonf?
“Zlvikd v f 19-&ufae@onf rdrw d @kd jrefrmjynf. tmZmenfae@yifjzpfonf? 1947-ckEpS f Zlvikd v f 19-&ufae@wiG f trsK;d om;
acgi;f aqmif}uD; Adv k cf sKyfatmifqef;eSiw hf uG tmZmenf 9-OD;wd@k tm; rormol vlwpfpu k vky}f uHowfjzwfcjhJ cif;a=umifh jrefrmwjynf
vH;k }udrrf ;D tH;k rSsral qG;cJ=h u&aom ae@wpfae@vnf; jzpfonf? Tae@ukd tmZmenfae@tjzpf acwftqufquf vufqifh urf;um
txGwftjrwfxm;cJh=uaomfvnf; 1988-ckESpfrSpwifum e0w(etz)ppftkyfpkwufvmcsdefrSp+yD; tmZmenfae@udk arS;rSdefatmif
wpwpaqmif&u G cf =hJ uonf? edik if wH edik if t
H wGuf bk&m;ay;aomvufaqmif(0g) trsK;d om;acgi;f aqmif[o l nf wpfO;D wpfa,mufyif
&Spd +rJjzpfonft h wdik ;f Adv k cf sKyfatmifqef;. *k%&f nfukd rnfrsS yif arS;rSed af tmif/ ao;odraf tmif trJzsuo f vdk wpwpjyKrlae=uapumrl
ywWjrm;rSev f sS if EGrH epfyJ rnpfax;aomxdt k a&mifonf wd;k vd@k om ajymifvif;aernfjzpfonf? Adv k cf sKyfatmifqef;. ordik ;f armfueG ;f udk
rnfo@kd yif y,fazsmufae=uaomfvnf; rdrw d @kd jrefrmjynfov
l x
l u
k &ifbwfEiS &hf if;um cspjf cif;w&m;jzifh xHrk e$ ;f xm;aom (tzAdvk cf sKyf)
onf b,faomtcgr# arhaysmufvdrfhrnf r[kwfacs? odk@jzpfI “tmZmenfrsKd;- ao&dk;r&Sd” [laom aqmifyk'fonf rdk;,Hxdwdkif
0Hh=uGm;edkifcJhygay+yDæ?
xif o m/ jrif o m&S d a om tajymif ; tvJ u d k toif q mavmif r G w f o d y f p G m vd k c sif a eygovm;? tajymif ; tvJ u d k
yavmif;yvJorm;rsm;jzifh wnfaqmufI r&edkifyg?
jref r mjynf o m;rsm;ta&;yl ; wG J v _ y f & S m ;r_ a umf r w D (JACBA)
( JACBA) rS x k w f a 0jzef @ csD o nf ? pmrsuf E S m (2)
jref r mjynf o m;pmapmif (JACBA) Zl v d k i f v 2009

oifEiS hf oif0h ef;usiw

f iG &f adS om jrefrmjynfov l x
l .
k wa,muf/ wvuf/ wtm; (pGr;f yum;)rsm;udk &,lum vuf&t dS ajc
taeudk oifwwfpGrf;oa&G@ udk,fwdkif ajymif;vJ=unfhvdkufyg? Tae&mwGif oifonf jynfolvlxkxJrS wpfa,mufjzpfonf? ewf
a'0wmvdk vlpm;rsL;d r[kw[ f Il OD;pGmcH,v l u
kd yf g? od@k ro
S m jynfov
l x
l Ek iS t
hf wl &ifbwfcsi;f / &ifcek o
f cH si;f pnf;csun
f n
D cD sD wufeikd frnf
jzpfyg a=umif;æ?
*** jynf o l r ygæ t&m&m æ bmqd k b mrS r+yD ; ed k i f y gæ?
*** jynf o l o nf o mæ tc&mæ t&m&mud k a jymif ; vJ e d k i f o nf æ ?
*** cG e f t m;r#a0æ 'd k @ wawG o nf æ rvG J r aoG / jynf o l a wG t wG u f æ ? jref r mjynf o m;pmapmif E S i f h bavmh * f
○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○

tarh arG;ae@ESifh om;wdk@t"dXmef

*** tarh&@J arG;ae@rmS tarauseyfyg taræ? ?
k hJ (vlxkacgif;aqmif a':atmifqef;pk=unf. 64-ESpfajrmufarG;ae@ trSwfw&)
oufawmf&mausmf &Snyf gapæ qdw
orm;&dk;us vufoHk;pum;awG ay;ydk@ol- OD;OwWr (a&$0ga&mifoHCmwOD;)
○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○
usef;rmygap/ pdwfESvHk; at;csrf;ygap bmvdkcsifvdk@vJ/ bm&ESdkifrSmvJæ
○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○ ○

'Dvkd &d;k pif;wJh qkawmif;awG *** b0wl tvkyo

f rm;awG =um;rSm
om; qkrawmif;&ufygbl;æ tar/ ud,
k v
f kd wud,
k af wmform;awG&J h
tarh&@J arG;ae@ cHpm;r_ jy\em
xl;rjcm;wJh qkawmif; b0jy\em
om; qkawmif;r,f ta=uG;jy\em pwJh
tar&J@ vGwfvyfcGifhudk u,folrJhæ ulolrJh
tarudk,fwdkif rawmif;cJhygbl; &du
k o
f H oJo
h hJ awGukd
f m;wOD;

'gayr,fh om;wdk@u udk,fpm;awmif;rSmu udk,fvnf; r=um;vdkawmh ygbl;æ?

h -l aA'g (befaumuf) a&$@ajymif;vkyo

taræ wdik ;f jynfuckd spw

f hJ tar *** jzpfcsifwmjzpf vkyfcsifwmvkyf
taræ wdik ;f jynfu cspw
f hJ tar t[kwfygAsm
taræ &csiw
f hJ 'Dru
kd a&pD 'gvnf; jyoemyJæ?
taræ vdck siw
f hJ vGwv
f yfa&; *** tcspv
f nf; r&Sd
taræ jrwfedk;wJh +idrf;csrf;a&; trkef;vnf;r&Sd
om;wdk@wawG ravsmhaom ewWd avmu}uD; tv,frmS
ay;ydk o

ZGJvkH@vawGeJ@yJ ig [mæ wckcak wmh &csiw

f ,f
&&menf;eJ@ wdkuf,lr,f ig [mæ wckcak wmh vdck siw
f ,fæ?
jref r mjynf o m;rsm;ta&;yl ; wG J v _ y f & S m ;r_ a umf r w D (JACBA)
( JACBA) rS x k w f a 0jzef @ csD o nf ? pmrsuf E S m (3)
 jref r mjynf o m;pmapmif (JACBA) Zl v d k i f v 2009

rauseyfbl; vGwfvyfcGifhydkay;yg rSefwJh

*** a&$@ajymif;tvkyform;b0rSm
jy'g;okwx
f m;wJh rSww
f pfcsyaf &S@rmS
aysmf&wmu enf;enf;
rwfwyf&yf=unfw
h t
hJ cg
avsmf&wmu rsm;rsm;rdk@vdk@
rif;&J@ rsuEf mS / rif;cE<m
igwdk@udk vGwfvyfcGifhawG ydkay;ygtHk;æ?
*** tckvyk af ewJh tvkyu
f v
kd nf; rif;æ jyefjrif&rSmyg? ?

jzpfedkif&if rvkyfcsifawmhbl; jy'g;okwo

f &l @J pkwcf suf
puf&Hkwef;vsm;u eH&Hudk rnSuaf vawmh
*pfwmeJ@ &dkufcGJawmh yuwd &kyo
f iG f
eH&Huenf;enf;av;yJhoGm;w,f? vdik ;f xifuse&f pf
'gayr,fh xl;xl;jcm;jcm;}uD; trSejf zpf+yDvm;? ?
ajymif;vJoGm;wm rawG@&ygbl;æ?
uJæ
*** rauseyfb;l
ajymawmhreS w
f hJ
rxl;awmhwJh a&$@ajymif;b0udkav
rrSew
f mu
tydb
k mrSr&Sd vdak ewm om&Sw
d b
hJ 0udak væ?
jy'g;okwo
f v
l m;
*** vGwv
f yfciG u
hf kd
yuwd &kyo
f iG v
f m;æ? ?
ay;ydk@ol- aqGo[m (befaumufa&muf a&$@ajymif;wOD;)

ydk+yD;vdkcsifw,f
csKyfcs,fr_/ aoG;pkwfr_awG=um;rSm ay;yd@k o-l 0dZm… (csi;f rdik )f

vGwfvyfcGifhrsm; b,frSm&SdygovJ
vk y f i ef ; cG i f ab;uif ; vH k + cH K a&;
&orSse@J a&mif&h aJ e&wJb
h 0rSm
*** vkyif ef;cGi0f if/ pdw=f unf&i$ f *** tcsed &f ,l/ avhvmrl
&JpGrf;owWdawG bmvdk@ikwfvSsKd;ae=uwmvJæ?
oifav *&kpu
kd yf gæ? olwumxufimæ?
*** vGwv
f yfcsi+f yD/ vGwv
f yfv+kd yD
*** ud,
k Ef iS hf pdwu
f /kd oef@&iS ;f vdk *** Oya'avhvm/ zvS,yf g
&Dcsif=u+yD/ +yHK;csif=u+yD
tvdkrvdkufESifhæ? jy\emjzpfvSsif toifhæ?
tareJ@ &Gmudkvnf;vGrf;vS+yD
*** aygi;f oif;qufq/H t+rJyrkH eS f
'Dru
kd a&pDa&
&efudkryGm;ESifhæ?
jrefjrefvmyga[hæ?
jrefrmjynfom; pmapmifei
S hf bavmh*f

jref r mjynf o m;rsm;ta&;yl ; wG J v _ y f & S m ;r_ a umf r w D (JACBA)

( JACBA) rS x k w f a 0jzef @ csD o nf ? pmrsuf E S m (4)
jref r mjynf o m;pmapmif (JACBA) Zl v d k i f v 2009

jrefrma&$ a
h jymif;= odapa-umif;
(xdkif;edkifiHrSmae&if tvkyform;vufrSwftopf rjzpfraevkyf=uapcsifæ)
rdwfaqG jrefrmtvkyform;rsm;eJ@ xdkif;edkifiHa&muf jrefrmjynfom;rsm;cifAsm;æ? ?
tckZv l ikd v
f 1-&ufae@uae Zlvikd v f 30-&ufae@txd jyKvkyaf y;aewJh tvkyo f rm;vufrw S f (W.P-13) tpDtpOfopfrmS
rdwfaqGwdk@taeeJ@ rjzpfraevkyf=uapcsifygw,f? igwdk@rSm aus;&Gmvl}uD;u xkwfay;xm;wJh vufrSwf&SdwmyJ/ igwdk@rSm aus;&Gm
jynfo@l ppfu vkyaf y;xm;wJh vufrw S &f w
dS myJ? igw@kd rmS awmarm(v0u)u usKyfusuv f ;D (=unfuh suv f yk )f xm;wJh vufrw S &f w
dS myJ/
igu xdkif;pum;ajym r$wfaewmrdk@ bmvufrSwfrS rvdkygbl;? “tdkuGmæ rdk;+ydKtrsm;aygh? bmvufrSwfrSr&SdyJ aevmwmyJ 10-
ESpfausmf+yD pwmawG[m tckae tcgrSm pdwfavsmhxm;zdk@tcsdefusa&mufyg+yD? oifwdk@rSmwckckyJ tcdkiftrm&Sdaevdk@ rmefwufaewJh
tvm; tvkyf orm;vufrw S rf &Syd J aexdik jf cif;udk jyKjyifoif=h uyg+yD/ puf&t
kH vky&f kH tvkyo f rm;awG taeeJ@vnf; tvkyf orm;vuf
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wcgxJ pk+yHKrdoGm;r,fqdkwmudk odapcsifygw,f?”
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ajr,miSg;&rf; wJhpmcsKyf pojzifh?
4- vkyfief;wnfae&mjy ajryHk
uk k r ` % D y d k i f & S i f / toif ; tzG J @ rS tvk y f & S i f r sm;twG u f
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2- edik if jH cm;a&$@ajymif;tvkyo
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tkyfpkESpfck cGJxm;ygw,f
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jref r mjynf o m;rsm;ta&;yl ; wG J v _ y f & S m ;r_ a umf r w D (JACBA)

( JACBA) rS x k w f a 0jzef @ csD o nf ? pmrsuf E S m (5)
jref r mjynf o m;pmapmif (JACBA) Zl v d k i f v 2009

1- - tvky&f iS f (od@k ) tvky&f iS &f @J ud, k pf m;vS,rf S rdrt

d vkyo
f rm;udk ac:aqmif+yD; tvkyo f rm;iSg;&rf;r,fh e,fajrrSm&Sw
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S f axma&m 38/ 1 udak vSsmufxm;zd@k twGuf
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kH iftrSw/f ae&yfvyd pf m/ tvkyo f rm;udak exdik cf iG hf vufrw
S v
f yk af y;wJh e,fajrrSm&Sw
d hJ vkyif ef;wnf&mae&m
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l tkycf sKyfa&;
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4- - wu,fv@kd azmfjyygtqifh 3-&Sd vkyif ef;wnf&mae&mrSm aexdik o f w
l pfO;D wpfa,mufrS r&Sb d ;l qd&k if tvky&f iS ef @J odu|r;f aom
tjcm;ae&mrS xdkif;vlrsKd;wOD;OfD;&J@ vdyfpmudk tJ'Dvkyfief;wnf&me,fajrudk a&$@ajymif;+yD; tvkyform;aexdkifzdk@ vufcHay;&ygr,f?
(qdkvkdwmu tvkyform;[m vkyfief;wnf&mrSm xdkif; vlrsKd;wpfOD;OD;eJ@ omae&ygr,f? oD;oef@raeap&ygbl;?)
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hf rSwf axma&m- 38/ 1 udk xkwaf y;ygr,f?
6- - 0efaqmifc usoifah iG bwff 80-cef@jzpf+yD; aiGacswt
hJ qifw
h ikd ;f aiGvufcjH zwfyikd ;f &&ygr,f?
tk y f p k (2) aexd k i f c G i f h v uf r S w f axma&m 38
38/ 1 &S d + yD ; ouf w rf ; uk e f a eol r sm;
1- - tvky&f iS f (od@k ) tvky&f iS &f @J ud,
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f rdrt
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axma&m 38/ 1 ud, k al qmifvmap+yD; tvkyo f rm;aexdik w
f hJ e,fajrrSm&Sw
d hJ +rdK@ e,f&;kH / e,fajrtkycf sKyfa&;&H;k &Sd rSwyf w kH ifXmersm;pnfukd
ac:aqmifomG ;&ygr,f? axma&m 2-avSsmufvm$ yHpk H udk jynfph pkH mG jznf&h ygr,f? tvkyo f rm;&J@ 1-vufrt&G,"f gwyf kH 2-yHu k kd uyf
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kH iftrSw/f ae&yfvyd pf m/ tvkyo
f rm;udk aexkid cf iG v
hf ufrw
S f vkyaf y;wJh e,fajr rSm&Sw
d hJ vkyif ef;wnf&mae&m
pwmawGudk rSwfyHkwifpma&;uaocsmpGm =unfh&_ppfaq;+yD;wJhtcg axma&m 2-avSsmufv$myHkpHpm&Gufay:rSm wm0ef&Sdolu tkyf
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3- - wu,fv@kd vkyif ef;wnf&mae&meJ@ tvky&f iS af exdik af omvdypf m wjcm;pDjzpfaer,fq&kd if axma&m 1-yHpk &H dS vkyif ef;wnf&mae&m/
tiSg;tdrfrSmom tvkyform;udk xm;&Sd&rSmjzpfwJhtwGuf tJ'DyHkpHpm&GufrSmygwJh tvkyf&Sif&J@ rSwfyHkwiftrSwfeJ@ ae&yfvdyfpmqdkwJh
tuGurf mS vkyif ef;wnf&mae&m&Sd tdryf ikd &f iS (f od@k )tJ'D e,fajrrSmaexdik w
f hJ xdik ;f vlrsK;d wpfO;D OD;&J@ trnfe@J vdypf mudo
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4- - wu,fv@kd azmfjyyg tqifh 3-&Sd vkyif ef;wnf&mae&mrSm aexdik o f w
l pfO;D wpfa,mufrS r&Sbd ;l qd&k if tvky&f iS ef @J odu|r;f aom
tjcm;ae&mrS xdik ;f vlrsK;d wOD;OD;&J@vyd pf mudk tJ'D vkyif ef;wnf&me,fajrqDukd a&$@ajymif;+yD; tvkyo
f rm;aexdik zf @kd vufcaH y;&ygr,f?
(qdkvdkwmu tvkyform;[m vkyfief;wnf&mrSm xdkif;vl rsKd;wpfOD;OD;eJ@ omae&ygr,f? oD;oef@raeap&bl;/)
*** 5- - tvkyform;&J@ aexdkifcGifhvufrSwf axma&m 38/1 udk 4if;wdk@uGefjyLwmxJrSm&SdwJh vufcHzdkifxJrS vufrSwfeJ@wl/ rwl
wm0ef&SdolrS ppfaq;r,f? wpHkw&muGJjym;r_&Sdr,fqdk&iff tjzpfrSefudk ppfaq;azmfxkwf+yD; axma&m 38/1 twkta,mifvkyfxm;
wmudkawG@&Sdr,fqdk&if tvkyform;eJ@ ac:aqmifvmol ESpfOD;pvHk;udk w&m;Oya't& ta&;,lygr,ff?
6- uGefysLLwmxJrSm&SdwJh tvkyform;&J@ &kyfyHk =unfvifjywfom;r,fqdk&if "gwfyHkatmufrSm&SdwJh aexdkifcGifhvufrSwfeHygwfudk
csufcsif;ajymif;ay;rSmjzpf+yD; &kyfyHkrjywfom;bl;qdk&if "gwfyHktopfwzefjyef &dkufay;+yD;awmh vufaAGjyefESdyf&ygr,f?
jref r mjynf o m;rsm;ta&;yl ; wG J v _ y f & S m ;r_ a umf r w D (JACBA)
( JACBA) rS x k w f a 0jzef @ csD o nf ? pmrsuf E S m (6)
jref r mjynf o m;pmapmif (JACBA) Zl v d k i f v 2009

7- 0efaqmifcusoifhaiGu bwf 80-cef@jzpf+yD; aiGacswJhtqifhwdkif;rSm aiGvufcHjzwfydkif;&&ygr,f?

*** rSwcf su?f ? (aexdik cf iG v
hf ufrw
S af xma&m 38/ 1 udk 2009- ckEpS f Zlvikd v
f 1-&ufae@rS 30-&ufae@txdom vkyaf y;ygr,f)f
tqif h 3- usef ; rma&;aq;ppf j cif ;
2009-ckEpS f Zlvikd v
f 1-&ufae@uae =o*kwv
f 14-&ufae@txd (45)&uftwGi;f ae@pOf rGe;f vGJ 1;30 em&DrS nae 5;30 em&Dxd
(ydwf&ufr&Sd) oufqdkif&ma'otvkduf jynfol@aq;&Hk}uD;rS aq;oGm;ppf&ygr,f?
,loGm;&r,fh taxmuftxm;awGu
- aexdik cf iG hf vufrw
S f axma&m 38/ 1
- wcgw&H aq;&Hrk S tvky&f iS &f @J ud;k w pm&Gu(f od@k )tvkyo
f rm;&J@ "gwyf u
kH kd awmif;wwfygw,f?
- aq;ppfceJ@ usef;rma&;tmrcHu'fvkyfc bwf 1900- ukefygr,f?
tqif h (4) tvk y f o rm; rS w f y H k w if u 'f j yKvk y f j cif ;
*** aqmif&u
G af y;r,fu
h mv 2009-ckEpS f Zlvikd v
f 1-&ufae@rS =o*kwv
f 29-&ufae@xd (60)&uf ( 2-vtwGi;f )
tvky&f iS u
f tvkyo
f rm;udak c:+yD; atmufygpm&Gupf mwrf;awGe@J twl tvkyo
f rm;&SmazGa&;&H;k rSm tvkyo
f rm;rSwyf w
kH ifu'f
oGm;a&muf avSsmufxm;&ef?
1- aexdik cf iG v
hf ufrw
S f axma&m 38/ 1 eJ@ rdwLW
2- tvkyf&Sif&J@ xdkif;rSwfyHkwif’feJ@ tdrfaxmifpkZ,m; rdwWL
3- ud;k w pm&Guf
4- aq;ppfcsufaxmufcHpm
5- tvkyform;u'f avSsmufv$myHkpH axma&m 13 (oufqdkif&ma'o tvkyform;&Hk;rSm &,ledkifygw,f)
6- vkyfief;wnf&mjyajryHk
tvk y f o rm;u'f j yKvk y f & mwG i f uk e f u srnf h p &d w f r sm;
1- tvkyform;u'f oufwrf;wdk;zdk@ avSsmufv$mwifc bwf 100
2- tvkyfvkyfr,fh oufwrf;tvdkuf tvkyfvkyfcGifh rSwfyHkwifa=u;rSm
3-v oufwrf;&SdwJh tvkyform;u'ftwGuf bwf 450
6-v oufwrf;&Sw
d hJ tvkyo
f rm;u'ftwGuf bwf 900
1-ESpf oufwrf;&Sw
d hJ tvkyo
f rm;u'ftwGuf bwf 1800
*** ,ckwpf}udrftvkyform;u'fjyKvkyf&mrSm tpdk;&rS vmr,fh 2010-ckESpf azazmf0g&Dv 28-&ufae@ txdom cGifhjyK
wmjzpfv@kd 'gawG+yD;&iff tvkyo f rm;tm;vH;k udk w&m;0ifjyefvnfcef@xm;zd@k twGuf rdrad e&if;edik if H jzpfwhJ jrefrm/ avm/ uarBm'D;,m;
pwJh edkifiHtoD;oD;rSm edkifiHom;jyefvnfpDppf&ygrr,f?

jref r mjynf o m;rsm;ta&;yl ; wG J v _ y f & S m ;r_ a umf r w D (JACBA)

( JACBA) rS x k w f a 0jzef @ csD o nf ? pmrsuf E S m (7)
jref r mjynf o m;pmapmif (JACBA) Zl v d k i f v 2009
vk y f i ef ; trsKd ; tpm;tvk d u f t a&mif r sm;uawmh
*** vkyfief;trsKd;tpm;udkvdkuf+yD; atmufygrwlnDuGJjym;wJh ta&mifawG&SdwJh tvkyform;u'fudk &&Sdygr,f?
tvkyform; }uD;=uyfumuG,fa&; zkef;eHygwfrsm; (xdkif;bmomjzifh)
a&vkyfief;(wHig) tjyma&mif csif;rdkifc&dkif- 053 890 472- 01 884 6673
r,fa[mifaqmif- 043 611 300- 01 884 6710
a&vkyfief;eJ@ qufpyfaomvkyfief;rsm; vdarRmfa&mif
csdef;&dkif;- 053 371634- 01 884 6673
pdkufysKd;a&;eJ@ arG;jrLa&;vkyfief;rsm; tpdrf;a&mif vrf;zlef;- 053 537 7034- 01 884 6606
vrf;yef;- 054 265 0357- 01 884 6696
aqmufvkyfa&;vkyfief;rsm; t0ga&mif wmhcf- 055 511 505- 01 886 3649
rJaqmuf(wmhcfc&dkif)- 055 536 729
tdrfazmfvkyfief;rsm; rD;cdk;a&mif qrGwfqkefcvrf;- 034 711 899- 01 853 2352
qrGwfy&uef- 02 394 5972- 02 394 6645- 01 444 4955
tjcm;vkyfief;rsm; tndKa&mif yxGef;Xm;eD- 02 567 5102- 02 567 0804- 01 5832213
edk;xyfyl&D- 02 580 0717- 02 850 0718- 01 853 2273
tao;pd w f quf v uf p H k p rf ; ay;jref ; &ef csKdif;,m;ewf- 056 411 202- 01 886 3089
c|efyl&D- 038 311 305- 038 322 502- 01 867 5703
wmhcf c&dkiftvkyform;&SmazGcef@xm;a&;&Hk; (rJaqmuf&Hk;cGJ) &a,mif;- 038 694 1179- 01 853 2810
wvwf- 039 511 942- 01 8532 839
zke;f eHygw-f 055 534 639- 055 534 640
ecGef;em,kwf- 037 311 683- 01 867 9305
rJaqmuf tvkyform;ta&;ay:zHk;vdkif; 083 621 0944 jccsdif;aqmif;- 083 511 600- 038 514 760- 01 853 2397
y&wfusDef;yl&D- 037 211 442- 01 853 2309
rufpaf zmifa';&Si;f &H;k (rJaqmuf) 055 536 685 uefuseyl&D- 034 511 253- 01 853 2286
zpfyl&D- 032 411 0401- 01 853 2287
tvk y f o rm;vuf r S w f & S d j cif ; &J @ tusKd ; y&usKwfcD&dcef- 032 611 354- 01 853 2289
ecGef;yxGef- 034 340 0679- 01 853 2260
“tzrf;rcH/ vkycf rSe”f *** tzrf;rcH- rnfonfh xdik ;f tm%mydik f &csyl&D- 032 337 307- 032 321 756- 01 853 5331
tzGJ@tpnf;urS zrf;qD;ppfaq;jcif;rcH&bl;/ zef;ig;- 076 412 142- 076 411 532- 01 893 8475
zl;upfh- 076 211 995- 01 893 8571
*** vkycf rSe-f xdik ;f edik if &H @J a'otvdu k f vkyt
f m;cpHEe_ ;f &aemif;- 077 833 216- 077 811 558- 01 893 9034
twdik ;f &&Syd gr,f? (r&ao;&ifvnf; tvkyo f rm; jy\em ay:ayguf pwlef;- 074 711 162- 074 721 395- 01 898 1346
vdk@ w&m;&Hk;a&muf&if t&ifur&cJhwJh vkyftm;c pHE_ef;twdkif; ql&wfxef;eD- 077 355 414- 01 893 8529
jyef&r,f/)
“ay;&ef oHk;q,f/ aq;&Hkr,f” *** ay;&ef oH;k q,f- aq;&Hrk ,f- tvkyo f rm;vufrw
S x
f rJ mS use;f rma&; aq;ppfctwGuf rdrd
u ay;aqmif+yD;jzpfvdk@ usef;rm a&;raumif;vdk@ aq;&HkoGm;&if aiGoHk;q,fbwfeJ@ ukoedkifrSmjzpfw,f?
“umuG,Of ya'rSw”f *** umuG,Of ya'rSw-f xdik ;f tvkyo f rm;umuG,af &; tufOya' (BE- 2541) 1998 Act t& tvkyo f rm;
tcGithf a&;eJ@ umuG,af pmifh a&Smufru _ kd &&Srd mS jzpfw,f?
*** usaemfwdk@rSm tvkyform;vufrSwfr&Sdvdk@ vrf;xGuf&ifawmif usD;vef@pmpm; b0awGeJ@ [dka=umuf& 'Da=umuf&
b0awGukd xdik ;f edik if x
H tJ xd ro,faqmif&avatmif/ xdik ;f &J/ xdik ;f v0u (awmarm)/ aus;&Gm jynfo@l ppf(acsmavmayg)/ pwmawG
&,f/ tJ'D tm%mydkiftzGJ@tpnf;awGvdk ta,mifaqmif+yD; aiGnSpfwwfwJh tm%mydkifta,mifaqmifawG&,fudk ae@pOfjzpfap/
wcgwav jzpfap/ ydu k qf aH y;+yD; &Si;f ae&wmeJ@pm&if tvkyo f rm;vufrw S tf wGuf ukeu f sr,f-h puf&t kH vky&f ekH @J vkyif ef;cGit
f csK@d u
tvkyf&Sifu tmrcHay;r,fh (3880)bwf/ jyifyuae tvkyf&Sif&Sm+yD; ukefusr,fh- 4380 bwfjzpfap/ tJ'Dxuf enf;enf;ydk+yD;
tvky&f iS f trnfccH ay;&vd@k jzpfap/ ukew f mawGukd rjrif=uyge@J ? (vufvu D ek w
f mtm;vH;k aygi;f &if vuUm;ukeu f s p&dwx f ufawmif
ausmv f eG yf gao;w,f/) *** vl 2-oef;pmay;xm;wJh &awmif&h cJ tcGit hf a&;udk vufvw $ rf cHyJ tvkyo f rm;vuf rSwv f yk jf zpfatmif
vkyf=uygAsKd@æ AsKd@æAsKd@
pkpnf;wifjyol- aomif&if;e*g; (jrefrmjynfom;- JACBA)
rSDjirf;? ? rufyfazmifa';&Sif;rS bmomjyefxkwfa0aom pm&Gufpmwrf;rsm;æ
jref r mjynf o m;rsm;ta&;yl ; wG J v _ y f & S m ;r_ a umf r w D (JACBA)
( JACBA) rS x k w f a 0jzef @ csD o nf ? pmrsuf E S m (8)
jref r mjynf o m;pmapmif (JACBA) Zl v d k i f v 2009

(vlxu
k se;f rma&;)
Public Health

urBmh vlwkyfauG; uyfa&m*gESifh ywfoufaom odaumif;p&m

,ae@urBmrSm pdk;&drfp&maumif;vmwJh urBmhvlwkyfauG;a&m*geJ@ ywfoufvdk@ vdkufemaqmif&Gufzdk@twGuf 'Dvdkvkyf=u&if
vHk+cHKpdwfcs&rf,cifAsæ? vuFmtwdktxGmav;awGeJ@ jrefrmjynfom;u wifjy&&ifjzifhæ?
“wk y f a uG ; vl e m? yg;- ES m pnf ; ay;ygæ”
(wkyfauG;a&m*gjzpfyGm;aeol vlemudk yg;pyfpnf;/ ESmacgif;pnf;wdk@udk wyfqifay;&ygr,f?)
“teD ; apmif h a &S m uf ? yg;- ES m ayguf / vuf a &muf 0wf q if / vH k + cH K csif æ ?”
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jref r mjynf o m;rsm;ta&;yl ; wG J v _ y f & S m ;r_ a umf r w D (JACBA)
( JACBA) rS x k w f a 0jzef @ csD o nf ? pmrsuf E S m (9)
jref r mjynf o m;pmapmif (JACBA) Zl v d k i f v 2009

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w&m;r0if a om vl o m;qd k w mr&S d NO HUMAN BEING IS ILLEGAL.

jref r mjynf o m;rsm;ta&;yl ; wG J v _ y f & S m ;r_ a umf r w D (JACBA)
( JACBA) rS x k w f a 0jzef @ csD o nf ? pmrsuf E S m (10)
jref r mjynf o m;pmapmif (JACBA) Zl v d k i f v 2009

rif;&J htawG;tac:udk }udKufw,f

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jref r mjynf o m;rsm;ta&;yl ; wG J v _ y f & S m ;r_ a umf r w D (JACBA)

( JACBA) rS x k w f a 0jzef @ csD o nf ? pmrsuf E S m (11)
jref r mjynf o m;pmapmif (JACBA) Zl v d k i f v 2009

The Article “Adv

k af e0if;” ppftpd;k &vufxuf trSww
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ckEpS f rwfv 2-&ufaeYwGif edik if aH wmftm%m (State Power) qef;uvnf; ol@uakd e&may;cJyh g.? od@k aomf u|eaf wmfw@kd Adv k cf sKyf
udk aoewfjyI 0ef}uD;csKyf OD;elxrH S odr;f olc\ hJ / ol@tpd;k &tzG@J eJ@ awmh tusio hf u d mQ rSm “eH@omqDEiS hf tD;”vdu k mG ygonf? ,ckae
udkvnf; awmfvSefa&;aumifpD (Revolutionary Council) [k jynfawmf[ak c:aom ysO;f rem;e,fwiG f ESprf sm;pGm tydik f pm;aecJ&h
tenfwyfcJhonf? ol@wynfh ppfwyft}uD;tuJrsm;udk Xmewm onf? ysO;f rem;e,frmS jrefrmjynfY rde;f racsmrsm; tvGex f uG . f /
0efcrH sm;(xdpk Ofu. 0ef}uD;vd@k rac:yg)cef@tyfc. hJ ? pma&;ol i,f &kyf&Sifrif;orD; “tu,f'rD- cifoef;El”rSm ysOf;rem;+rdK@e,f
pOfu tjzpftysufuav;rsm;jzpfaomfvnf; rSwfrdaeyg.? xdk “atmif Defence Service Academy “[k t"dy`g,f&yg onf?
pOfu ukefoG,fa&;0ef}uD; (ukefoG,fa&;Xmewm0efcH)rSm Adkvf ysOf;rem;e,fu Adkvfa&G;ajzrnfh ausmif;om;/ a&;ajzatmif +yD;
rSL;csKyf wifaz jzpfyg.? (Viva) ac:vlawG@ajzbd@k &efue k f Adv
k af &G;tzG@J rmS ppfar;cJ&h yg onf?
rnfonft h wGuaf =umifrh od +rdK@awmf&efuek Yf xef;vsuf ppft&m&Sd(5)OD; wa,mufwrsKd;ar;=u&m yxrqHk;ar;cGef; u
(xnuf)rsm; (1963)ckEpS pf ydik ;f wGif &Sm;yg;&Hrk sS ru 0,fIr&awmh “rif; taz-emrnfajymyg”wJh/ xdkausmif;om;u rqdkif;rwG
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ae0if ; u ac: I ql y l } ud r f ; armif ; avawmh . ? pma&;ol w d k @ rsufqefjyL; ukef=u&onf? “rif; 'dk@acgif;aqmif }uD;udk vm
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rSmvSsif “ausmufyef;awmif; wpfcu G ”f [k wifpm;I ajym=u.? vdkuf”qdkawmh “uJ'gqdk&if taremrnf auguGm”vdk@xyfar;
TrSsavmufbJ xef;vsuf(xnuf)aygygonf? qufa&;vdkuf& jyef.? “usKyftar- a':pef;=unf ysO;f rem;+rdK@e,f/ pdr;f pm;yif&mG ”
&ifjzifh Advk w f ifazrSm }uH&mr&onft h qH;k “ausmufyef;awmif;” cyfww kd b
kd J ajzvdu k yf g onf? jy\emu tawmf}uD;vmygonf?
odk@ atmufyga=u;eef;pmudk csufcsif;aqmif&Guf&ef ydk@vGwfvdkuf Ad k v f a e0if ; . P.A ac:ud k , f a &; t&m&S d r S w qif h Ad k v f a e0if ;
awmh.? tvGerf w S of m;p&m a=u;eef;pmjzpf&rkH u ordik ;f 0if a=u; em;=um;atmif ar;jref;& rnf? xdkae@tzdk@ Adkvfa&G;tzGJ@rSm 4if;
eef;pmvnf; jzpfomG ;ygawmhonf? ausmufyef;awmif;+rdK@/ w+rdK@ ausmif;om;ESihf waeukeo f mG ; ygonf? wjcm;ausmif;om;rsm;udk
vHk;/ we,fvHk; tkwfa=omfaomif;eif; (O=ovdk@rzwfygESifh O=o (Viva) rppf&yg? P.A rSwqifh Adv k af e0if;udk t&JpeG @f I tjzpfreS u f kd
qdkwm iSufyg)jzpfoGm;cJhyg.? vlpkvla0; vlxlxyfaom pum; ar;jref;&onf? Adv k af e0if; acgi;f ukwI f pOf;pm;.? P.A uvnf;
0dkif;rsm;Y &,farmoHrsm;jzifh aomaomnH cJh.? ukefoG,fa&; tajzvdI k “olu Adv k cf sKyf om;ygv@kd tcdik t f rmajymxm;ygw,f
0ef}uD; udk,fwdkif &dkufvdkufwJha=u;eef;pm;av;yg? atmufwGif u|efawmfb,fvdk ta=umif;jyefvdkuf&rvJcifAsmhæ?” qdkawmh
az: jyvdkufygonf? pOf;pm;+yD;zwf=uyg? Ad k v f a e0if ; u “uJ u J pd r f ; pm;yif u rpef ; =unf q d k & if a wmh
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xef;vsuf(xnuf)rsm; w0ufrsKd;csef- usefwm om;av;udk Adv k af vmif;a&G;/ [dt k a=umif;ar; 'Dta=umif;ajym
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rsK;d aphcse&f wmrsK;d r[kwaf vawmh tESu D o
hJ @kd pmayrwwfoad om r[maZmf(rauG;)
“ydËuwftdk;uGJ”rsm; wdkif;jynftkyfcsKyfcJhwm toJemp&m r
aumif;aybl;vm;Asmwdk@æ?
jref r mjynf o m;rsm;ta&;yl ; wG J v _ y f & S m ;r_ a umf r w D (JACBA)
( JACBA) rS x k w f a 0jzef @ csD o nf ? pmrsuf E S m (12)
jref r mjynf o m;pmapmif (JACBA) Zl v d k i f v 2009

pmrsufESm (1) tefeft,fvf'D tygt0if EdkifiHa&;ygwDawGeJ@awG@rnfrS tquf

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Zl v d k i f v 2009
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WE DO, SO WE ARE (JACBA)

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( JACBA) rS x k w f a 0jzef @ csD o nf ? pmrsuf E S m (16)
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( JACBA) rS x k w f a 0jzef @ csD o nf ? pmrsuf E S m (17)
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