Solubility Rules for Double Replacement Reactions

COMPOUND 1. Salts of alkali metals and ammonia 2. Nitrate salts and chlorate salts 3. Sulfate salts 4. Chloride, bromide and iodide salts 5. Carbonates, phosphates, chromates, sulfides, and hydroxides SOLUBILITY Soluble Soluble Soluble Soluble Insoluble EXCEPTION(S) None None Pb, Ag, Hg, Ba, Sr, and Ca Ag, Hg, and Pb Compounds of the alkali metals and of ammonia

Single Replacement Reactions Activity Series

Li K Ba Sr Ca Na Mg Al Zn Fe Ni Pb H Cu Ag Au Lithium Potassium Barium Strontium Calcium Sodium Magnesium Aluminum Zinc Iron Nickel Lead Hydrogen Copper Silver Gold Replace H from acids Always Replace H

Solubility Chart Phosphate Hydroxide Carbonate Chromate

Chloride

Chlorate

Bromide

Silicate

Acetate

Nitrate

aluminum ammonium barium calcium copper(II) hydrogen iron(II) iron(III) lead(II) magnesium manganese(II) mercury(I) mercury(II) potassium silver sodium strontium tin(II) tin(IV) zinc

S S S S S S S S S S S P S S P S S d S S

S S S S S S S S S S S A S S a S S S S S

--S P P ----P --A P P A --S A S P ----P

S S S S S S S S S S S S S S S S S S --S

S S S S S S S S S S S a S S a S S S S S

--S A A ------A A S --P P S P S P A S P

A --S S A --A A P A A --A S --S S A P A

S S S S --S S S P S S A P S I S S S d S

S S S S S S S S S S S S S S S S S d --S

a --S P A --A A P A A A P S P S S A A P

A S A P A S A P A P P A A S A S A A --A

I --S P A I ----A A I ----S --S A ----A

S S a P S S S P P S S P d S P S P S S S

d S d P A S A d A d A I I S A S S A A A

S = soluble in water A = soluble in acids, insoluble in water P = partially soluble in water, soluble in dilute acids I = insoluble in dilute acids and water a = slightly soluble in acids, insoluble in water d = decomposes in water

Sulfide

Sulfate

Iodide

Oxide