Cramers Rule

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3 x 3 Matrices and Determinants

A 3 x 3 Matrix of real numbers is a rectangular array of real numbers of the form

SYSTEM OF EQUATIONS

MATH 11

3 x 3 Matrices and Determinants


Examples:

Remark: B is an upper triangular matrix.

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MATH 11

3 x 3 Matrices and Determinants


The determinant of a 3 x 3 matrix is given by:

SYSTEM OF EQUATIONS

MATH 11

3 x 3 Matrices and Determinants


Basket weave method:

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MATH 11

3 x 3 Matrices and Determinants


Example: Find the determinant of

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MATH 11

Cramers Rule for A System of Three Equations


Consider the system in (3):

Define the 3 x 3 matrices:

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MATH 11

Cramers Rule for A System of Three Equations

SYSTEM OF EQUATIONS

MATH 11

Cramers Rule for A System of Three Equations


Then the solution of (3) is given by:

Provided that |A| 0. If |A| = 0 and at least one of |Ax|, |Ay| or |Az| is not 0, then (3) is inconsistent. If all of |Ax|, |Ay| and |Az| are 0, then (3) is dependent.

SYSTEM OF EQUATIONS

MATH 11

Cramers Rule for A System of Three Equations


Use Cramers Rule to solve

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SYSTEM OF EQUATIONS

MATH 11

Cramers Rule for A System of Three Equations


The corresponding matrices are:

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SYSTEM OF EQUATIONS

MATH 11

Cramers Rule for A System of Three Equations

Hence, x = 1, y = 1 and z = 1.

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SYSTEM OF EQUATIONS

MATH 11

Cramers Rule for A System of Three Equations


Use Cramers Rule to solve

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SYSTEM OF EQUATIONS

MATH 11

Cramers Rule for A System of Three Equations


The corresponding matrices are:

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SYSTEM OF EQUATIONS

MATH 11

Cramers Rule for A System of Three Equations

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SYSTEM OF EQUATIONS

MATH 11

Cramers Rule for A System of Three Equations


Solve the following by Cramers Rule:

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SYSTEM OF EQUATIONS

MATH 11

Systems of Three Linear Equations


In this section, you learned to solve a system of three linear equations in three variables using

Method of substitution Method of elimination Method by determinants (Cramers Rule)

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MATH 11

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