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Agent
Agent
Agent
Console
Server
Database
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5
Bytes
Encryption
type
Packet ID
Agent ID
Not encrypted
2
Data Length
2
Message type
variable
128 or 16
Data
Hash
Encrypted with receivers public key or session key
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Encrypted with senders

private key or session key.
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02!$ J2.3 )S# -,R$ G. 3 J! L ,G.6#$ ? # )S66e3.F'(.3 D'( Q !',U,,V4 '(U 05 ? 0
!
Agent
Server
Initiates the key reset and
wait until it receives
key reset ok.
Key
Alert
Discard this alert message

since it is encrypted with
old key.
Send response and then

discard the old key.
Encrypt previous alert
message with this
new key
t Oka
ese
ey R
ow
ert n
Rencrypt the buffered reponse

with new key and discard the
old key.
Accept the alert.
Rese
Al
Send
Send
the r
espo
nse t
o thi
s ale
rt
Now all communication continue
with this new key.
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'("%.e2H'(G2 05'( 0*JD',!,V Q 'F$ U #L I.. .O"T 66^)S0U i) ! 0D',. 3

SachetServer
SachetAgent
Alerts.
Server Crashes
Timeout
Retransmit the packet.
Retransmission of packets
occurs on sucessive
timeouts.
After retransmitting the packet

max_retry_count of times,
agent assumes that the server
has crashed and change its
state to UNAUTHENTICATED.
Agent now starts sending probe
messages to Server periodically.
Alerts.
Alerts.
Alerts.
Server Restarts.
Probe
SERVER_ALIVE
Agent starts authentication

process.
AUTH_
REQUE
ST
Server replies to probe packet

that I am alive now.
Server accept AUTH_REQUEST

and starts the authentication procedure.
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! )S0
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SachetAgent
SachetServer
Server Crashes
Alerts.
Timeout
Retransmit the packet.
Retransmission of packets
occurs on sucessive
timeouts
After retransmitting the packet

max_retry_count of times, agent
assumes that server has crashed
and change its state to
UNAUTHENTICATED.
Agent starts sending probe
packets periodically.
Server Restarts.
maintains state = UNAUTHENTICATED
for all Agents. Hence it ignores all
packets from this Agent until it
authenticates with Server.
Alerts.
Alerts.
Alerts.
No reply from the server.
Probe .
Server replies to probe packet
that I am alive now.
SERVER_ALIVE
Agent starts the authentication

process now.
AUTH_
REQUE
ST
Server accept AUTH_REQUEST

and starts the authentication procedure.
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Q ..',U Oi$ J V
SachetAgent
SachetServer
maintains state = AUTHENTICATED
for Agent.
state = AUTHENTICATED
Probe
Agent Crashes.
ession
ith s
pted w
key).
(encry
Timeout.
Retransmission of packet occurs.
Probe
No Reply.
Probe
Retransmissions continues after

succesive timeouts.
Probe
Agent restarts
Agent sends authentication
request packet after the
probe packet.
After Server transmits probe request

max_retry_count of times, it assumes
Agent crashes and modifies its
state = UNAUTHENTICATED.
AUTH_RE
QUEST
Server accepts the AUTH_REQUEST
and starts the authentication process.
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XZ
SachetServer
SachetAgent
maintains state = AUTHENTICATED for SachetAgent.
state = AUTHENTICATED
Agent Crashes.
Probe
d with
pte
(encry
session
key).
Timeout.
Retransmission of packet occurs.
Probe
Agent send authentication

request packet after the
probe packet.
Agent reject these probe
packets as it does not know
session key.
Retransmissions continues
of authentication packets
after succesive timeouts.
Retransmissions continues after

succesive timeouts.
Agent recovers
state = UNAUTHENTICATED
Probe
AUTH_
REQUE
ST
Server rejects AUTH_REQUEST message as

it maintains authenticated state of Agent.
Probe
After Server transmits probe request

max_retry_count of times, it assumes Agent
crashes and modifies its state = UNAUTHENTICATED.
Agent again sends

authentication request
packet after the probe packet.
AUTH_
REQUE
ST
Server accepts AUTH_REQUEST

packet and starts the authentication
procedure.
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2 bytes
Packet Length
2 bytes
Message Type
jU G! 2 V 3 c ',@-( _ !G .G.9,"
&)($*,+.-0/
X5
Variable
Data Value
.ML i 0! 69J.( 6
2 " c',@-( 0U( * . ," E Q J6RJD',@-( P0 A $1 V "
'(U $ J +023'( . i$ J ,"OJD'(@-, V J',@-,R F',0 A . 'E QQ ',03
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3 .!J2. 0 ," . Q !',U ni$ J ',03 n"T Q '( ," . &)($*,+.-0/ _N !L, b+ 0! 6
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3 )S X,Y Y Y ',03 _N 6',.V !ML ',03',U 01 ',!9 Q J26 Q 05.3*0b 6',0U GD'(U )S6
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%

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05. ,"O.P05..G! 0 32 . 0 !$ M Q D'( ',66^)S 02. 63D'(. 0 ,"H',6 !. "T. Q
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05. V .ML Q Q G0F'(.9)SE 0! 6 ? )S@/ '.J','(.3/J!N ! ?
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1GM"T
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F'(@ ',U,05',03*"T 66^)S I!'(I 0U 02I',S. )S0 A 6 ) 3
( Agent response did not match).
UNAUTHENTICATED
( Initial State)
Receives AUTH_REQUEST /
Sends SERVER_CHALLENGE
SERVER_CHAL_SENT
Receives AGENT_RESPONSE /
Sends SERVER_RESPONSE
SERVER_RES_SENT
TIME_OUT
TIME_OUT
Receives AGENT_ACK
Receives ALERT_MSG or PACKET_MSG /

Sends ALERT_MSG_OK or PACKET_MSG_OK
AUTHENTICATED
Instructions from console /

Sends COMMANDS to agent.
RESPONSE from the agent /

Reply sent to the console
TIME_OUT
COMMAND_SENT
Receives ALERT_MSG or PACKET_MSG /

Sends ALERT_MSG_OK or PACKET_MSG_OK
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( Initial State)
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TIME_OUT
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Receives COMMANDS /
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AUTHENTICATED
( Response receive from server)
( Messages sent to Server)
TIME_OUT
MESSAGE_SENT
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Bytes
Encryption
type
Packet ID
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Agent ID
2
Data Length
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Message type
variable
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Data
Hash
Encrypted with receivers public key or session key
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P 4000 Intrusion Detection

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P 4000 Intrusion Detection

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Encrypted with receivers public key or session key

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Encrypted with senders

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Discard this alert message

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After retransmitting the packet

Agent starts authentication

Server replies to probe packet

Server accept AUTH_REQUEST

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After retransmitting the packet

No reply from the server.

Agent starts the authentication

Server accept AUTH_REQUEST

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Retransmissions continues after

After Server transmits probe request

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Agent send authentication

Retransmissions continues after

Server rejects AUTH_REQUEST message as

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