Professional Documents
Culture Documents
Iridium
Iridium
Iridium
Atomic Number: 77
Atomic Weight: 192.217
Melting Point: 2719 K (2446°C or 4435°F)
Boiling Point: 4701 K (4428°C or 8002°F)
Density: 22.42 grams per cubic centimeter
Phase at Room Temperature: Solid
Element Classification: Metal
Period Number: 6 Group Number: 9 Group Name: none
What's in a name? From the Latin word for rainbow, iris.
Say what? Iridium is pronounced as i-RID-i-em.
History and Uses:
Iridium and osmium were discovered at the same time by the British chemist Smithson
Tennant in 1803. Iridium and osmium were identified in the black residue remaining after
dissolving platinum ore with aqua regia, a mixture of 25% nitric acid (HNO3) and 75%
hydrochloric acid (HCl). Today, iridium is still obtained from platinum ores and as a by-
product of mining nickel.
Pure iridium is very brittle and is nearly impossible to machine. It is primarily used as a
hardening agent for platinum. Platinum-iridium alloys are used to make crucibles and
other high temperature equipment. Iridium is also alloyed with osmium to make the tips
of fountain pens and compass bearings.
Iridium is the most corrosive resistant metal known. For this reason, the standard meter
bar was created from an alloy of 90% platinum and 10% iridium. This bar was replaced
as the definition of the meter in 1960 when the meter was redefined in terms of the
orange-red spectral line of krypton-86.
A thin, worldwide layer of iridium exists in a layer of sediment that was put down at the
end of the Cretaceous period. Since meteors and asteroids contain a higher percentage of
iridium than the earth's crust, this iridium enriched layer is seen as evidence that the earth
was struck by a large meteor or asteroid at that time. Dust from the impact would have
spread around the globe, depositing the iridium. The dust also would have blocked the
sun for a time, resulting in the extinction of many plant and animal species, including the
dinosaurs.
COPPER IRIDIUM LEBBO COIN
(This document contains reliable knowledge and a Business proposal for the Copper Iridium
Lebbo Coin.)
JAYADEVAN
Introduction
Copper Iridium coins are magical and powerful. They will stop a bus when carried in it by
stopping ignition, but not when wrapped in a carbon paper. A candle flame bends towards this
coin. When rice is brought near the coin, it gets attracted towards the coin. You can find an
electric circuit tester indicating light when touched with, on the coin. Your electronic watch will
stop when brought near this coin!
A device in Germany (details unknown) which cost / worth 1 million dollars absorbs power of
the coin. The Copper Iridium coins called 1616 have three magical points, which disables
entire power in any form near it. To test the coin, it costs 0.1 million dollar chemicals. The
complete test can be done only in remote sea shores.
In the year 1616 AD, there was a Grahakutami (A complete solar eclipse) which lasted for
more than 5 hours in India. The Britishers, with the help of Indian Rishis minted Copper coins
with Copper Iridium metal in assorted weights and sizes. The coins were hand made.
Only 16 pieces of the coins were made totally. In order to preserve the precious lebbos, the
Rishis engraved the currency denomination prevalent on one side and the nine planets on the
other side. Iridium Lebbo coins are also called Navagraha Lebbos. Lebbo in Greek means sun
guard. The coins have the provision to be charged when required. The special range of powers
of the coins can be activated by charging the coin on the three pin points, each having
different functions. After charging the coin with MRC 87 chemicals, a magnetic attraction of
carbohydrate contents is generated on the coin.
Sun (Surya), Moon (Chandra), Mars (Mangla), Mercury (Budha), Neptune (Guru), Jupiter
(Sugra), Saturn (Sani), Uranus (Ragu) and Venus (Kethu) are the planets engraved on the
coin and are interconnected with tiny veins, all leading to the charging point.
It is said that, millions of years ago, fragments of sun and other planets might have fallen on earth, particularly in South
India sub continent. It is also said that the gurus had gone to all the planets to collect the metal from each planet. The
material from other planets that reached earth thus is used to imprint the corresponding planet on the coin.
Our ancestors made the metal classification ‘space metals’. Metallurgists have discovered and
included three metals under this group, Ikkidium, Iridium and Virenium. These metals were
heavily priced in the 16th century and Rishis hand made the lebbo coins using the Iridium.
In 1616 The British East India Company had presented one 200 gram Iridium Lebbo coin to
King Leo of Hong Kong. Later in 1871, it was auctioned for 200 Billion dollars in the U.S.A.
International exhibition.
Contents
[hide]
• 1 Notable characteristics
• 2 Applications
• 3 History
o 3.1 KT Boundary
• 4 Occurrence
• 5 Isotopes
• 6 Precautions
• 7 References
• 8 External links
Notable characteristics
A platinum group metal, iridium is white, resembling
platinum, but with a slight yellowish cast. Due to its
extreme hardness and brittle properties, iridium is
difficult to machine, form, or work. Iridium is the most
corrosion-resistant metal known. Iridium cannot be
attacked by any acids or by aqua regia, but it can be
attacked by molten salts, such as NaCl and NaCN.
Applications
The principal use of iridium is as a hardening agent in
platinum alloys. Other uses:
History
Iridium was discovered in 1803 by Smithson Tennant
in London, England along with osmium in the dark-
colored residue of dissolving crude platinum in aqua
regia (a mixture of hydrochloric and nitric acid). The
element was named after the Latin word for rainbow
(iris; iridium means "of rainbows") because many of its
salts are strongly colored. Some linguists have claimed
the word-root is derived from "irid", which means
"seven" in the Lezghi Language presently spoken in
Azerbaijan and Daghestan.
HauptSeite
</B< TD>
General
silvery white
Appearance
Physical properties
Phase solid
2719 K
Melting point
(2446 °C, 4435 °F)
4701 K
Boiling point
(4428 °C, 8002 °F)
Atomic properties
2, 3, 4, 6
Oxidation states
(mildly basic oxide)
Miscellaneous
Selected isotopes
References